CN106312461A - Preparing method for large complex aluminum alloy structural piece - Google Patents
Preparing method for large complex aluminum alloy structural piece Download PDFInfo
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- CN106312461A CN106312461A CN201610887150.8A CN201610887150A CN106312461A CN 106312461 A CN106312461 A CN 106312461A CN 201610887150 A CN201610887150 A CN 201610887150A CN 106312461 A CN106312461 A CN 106312461A
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- aluminum alloy
- welding
- junction component
- alloy junction
- structural member
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparing method for a large complex aluminum alloy structural piece. The preparing method is characterized by comprising the following steps that firstly, a base plate is selected, and an aluminum alloy structural piece body is prepared on the base plate through a cold metal transition and pulse wire electric arc additive manufacturing method; secondly, welding pretreatment is conducted on the aluminum alloy structural piece body and a top cover plate of the closed space on a suspension part; thirdly, the aluminum alloy structural piece body and the top cover plate of the closed space on the suspension part are welded through argon tungsten-arc welding or consumable electrode argon arc welding; fourthly, the structural piece is subjected to heat treatment; and fifthly, overall machining is conducted. Compared with the prior art, by means of the preparing method, the structure reliability can be improved, the service life of the structure is prolonged, and the material cost is saved; and the discharging machining procedure of components is omitted, the production cost is reduced, and the production cycle of products is greatly shortened.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the preparation method of a kind of aluminum alloy junction component.
Background technology
Owing to aluminium alloy has high specific strength, specific modulus, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and corrosion-resistant stability, and
The advantages such as good forming technology and weldability, are widely used to automobile, rail vehicle, Aero-Space, naval vessel, weapon dress
The field such as standby.The one that aluminum alloy junction component refers to use aluminum alloy materials to be made has definite shape structure, and energy
Enough bear the component of load effect.Aluminum alloy junction component is mainly by casting (hot investment casting and extrusion casint) and the side of welding
Method is prepared from, and the aluminum alloy junction component prepared by casting method typically requires that batch is relatively big, and size is by a fixed limit
System, is typically prepared by the method for welding for small lot (single-piece or several) large aluminum alloy structural member.Aluminum current alloy
The main preparation technology flow process of welding structural element is: at forge piece, section bar, blanking, parts machining, assembly welding, postwelding heat
Reason, postwelding are corrected and integrated machine adds.
But along with the development of equipment technology, the design of aluminum alloy junction component structure becomes increasingly complex, and mechanical property requirements is more come
The highest, weight but requires increasingly lighter, is difficult to manufacture by Conventional processing methods.The aluminum using traditional welding method to prepare closes
Gold welding structural element, the most large complicated aluminum alloy junction component, the subject matter existed shows: (1) is in manufacturing process
Complex-shaped parts employing side shape aluminum, and molding by the way of machining, processing capacity is big and relatively costly;(2) parts
The blanking course of processing can be deformed, need to carry out orthopedic process before erection welding;(3) in welding process, weld seam
Large number of, welding deformation is wayward, defect easily occurs, cause strength reduction during straightening;(4) aluminum alloy welding
Connect joint performance reduction amplitude bigger, thereby increases and it is possible to existing defects, therefore safety coefficient is on the low side.
Therefore, it is badly in need of some new large-scale (volume >=1700mm × 1200mm × 500mm) complex aluminiums of development and application to close
The preparation method of gold structural member.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of to be suitable for large complicated aluminum for the above-mentioned state of the art
The preparation method of alloy structure part, large-scale finger volume >=1700mm × 1200mm × 500mm here.
The present invention solves the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem used: the system of a kind of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1. select substrate, use silk material electric arc to increase manufacture process and prepare aluminum alloy junction component main body (overhanging portion and envelope
Except closing the lamina tecti in space);
2. aluminum alloy junction component main body and the assembly welding pretreatment such as overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti;
3. MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti etc. are used
Assembly;
4. structural member heat treatment;
5. overall machining.
The 1. described substrate thickness of step is 20~40mm, aluminum alloy junction component wall thickness >=6mm.Silk material electric arc increases material manufacture
Process choice CMT+P (cold metal transfer+pulse) technique, monolayer increases height 1.8mm.Protective gas uses purity to be not less than
The argon of 99.99%, flow ensures 25L/min, to eliminate pore.
As preferably, the 2. described welding pretreatment of step includes designing groove shape according to structural member thickness of slab and joint form
Formula and size, descale, degreasing etc..Further, use the method bevel of machining, use file, hand grinding tool to beat
The mode descale of mill, uses acetone to clean degreasing.
As preferably, step 3. described in aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, the lamina tecti welding in closing space,
Condition is as follows:
20mm and more than 20mm straight weld uses metal argon arc welding welding;
Tig Welding is used for irregular weld seam or below 20mm straight weld or circumferential weld.
The weld seam of traditional sense can be divided into butt welded seam and angle welding, and length is the weld size limited, and includes butt welded seam
And angle welding.Directly all of welding type has been included with short and small irregular weld seam it is to say, long.Use argon tungsten-arc welding
(TIG) welding procedure welding aluminum alloy structure, the heat input of butt welded seam is big, and metal argon arc welding (MIG) welding procedure heat is defeated
Enter less.Protective gas uses purity to be not less than the argon of 99.99%, and flow ensures 25L/min, to prevent from being formed in weld seam gas
Hole.Depending on welding condition is according to thickness of slab and joint form.
As preferably, described step 4. described in structural member heat treatment solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time:
0.75~2h;Aging temp: 171~182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h, to eliminate the remnants that structural member preparation process produces
Stress, improves structural reliability.
Compared with prior art, it is an advantage of the current invention that: cold metal transfer (CMT) is to develop based on short circuiting transfer mode
, CMT is to be helped the droplet transfer by welding wire machinery pumpback mode, and technical process can be accurately controlled, short circuit mistake
Cross constant period, do not affected by stochastic variable.Because during the CMT droplet transfer, electric current is almost nil, its deposition efficiency is high, heat input
Low.Use pulse CMT (CMT+P) electric arc increasing manufacture process to prepare aluminum alloy junction component can preferably prepare by control structure part
During deflection.It is pulse voltage and electric current that pulse CMT technique refers to the voltage x current of CMT electric arc, pulse CMT technique
Compared with conventional CMT technique, power-efficient is higher, and technology controlling and process is more accurate.Welding aluminum alloy structural member mainly passes through
The methods such as joint design, welding sequence, welding tooling and post weld heat treatment control welding deformation amount, complex process, technique side
Case is formulated and evaluation period is long, and production efficiency is low.
It addition, use increasing material manufacturing technology to prepare aluminum alloy junction component, it is possible to achieve aluminum alloy junction component agent structure one
Body chemical conversion type, improves structural reliability, extending structure service life, saves material cost, eliminates the blanking processing of parts
Operation, reduces production cost, greatly reduces the production cycle of product.
Compared with increasing material manufacturing technology, welding has high flexibility ratio and high-adaptability, uses welding method welding aluminum alloy
The lamina tecti in structural member overhanging portion and closing space can effectively make up the deficiency that unsettled increasing manufacture process difficulty is big.
Facts have proved: the invention is particularly suited to the manufacture of small lot multi items large complicated aluminum alloy junction component.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is aluminum alloy junction component top view in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is aluminum alloy junction component main body sectional view in embodiment 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1: combine shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy junction component of the present embodiment includes following step
Rapid:
1. selecting substrate, baseplate material selects Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys 2219, and thickness is 20mm;Silk material electric arc is used to increase material manufacture
Technique prepares aluminum alloy junction component main body (except the lamina tecti in overhanging portion and closing space), and silk material selects ER2319, silk material
Electric arc increases manufacture process and selects CMT+P technique, and controls wire feed rate 6~9m/min, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/
Amount of lap 18~25% between min, passage, monolayer increases height 1.8mm, and protective gas uses purity to be not less than 99.99%
Argon, flow ensure 25L/min;
2. aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti assembly welding pretreatment, welding pretreatment
Groove type and size, descale, degreasing etc. is designed including according to structural member thickness of slab and joint form.Further, use
The method bevel of machining, uses the mode descale of file, hand grinding tool polishing, uses acetone to clean degreasing.
3. MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti group are used
Part;Aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, the lamina tecti welding in closing space, condition is as follows: 20mm and more than 20mm is straight
Weld seam uses metal argon arc welding welding;Tungsten argon shielded arc welding is used for irregular weld seam or below 20mm straight weld or circumferential weld
Connect.
4. structural member heat treatment, solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h;Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h;
6. overall machining.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the aluminum alloy junction component that prepared by the present embodiment includes aluminum alloy junction component main body, unsettled cover plate
With the cover plate in closing space, wherein, front tectal lamina 1, back header plate 2, mounting seat cover plate 3 are the lamina tecti closing space, right vertical
Beam cover plate 4, left longeron cover plate 5 are unsettled cover plate, remaining, substrate 6, right vertical beam 7, left longeron 8, rear board 9, front panel 10, vertical
Beam gripper shoe 11, gusset 12, mounting seat panel 13, pipe 14, wire-passing tube 15, installation pipe 16 constitute aluminum alloy junction component main body.
In this enforcement, aluminum alloy junction component sample mechanical property reaches more than 360MPa, elongation percentage > 10%;Structural member is whole
Body deformability amount controls within 5mm.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of the aluminum alloy junction component of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. selecting substrate, baseplate material selects Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys 2219, and thickness is 30mm;Silk material electric arc is used to increase material manufacture
Technique prepares aluminum alloy junction component main body (except the lamina tecti in overhanging portion and closing space), and silk material selects ER2319, silk material
Electric arc increases manufacture process and selects CMT+P technique, and controls wire feed rate 6~9m/min, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/
Amount of lap 18~25% between min, passage, monolayer increases height 1.8mm, and protective gas uses purity to be not less than 99.99%
Argon, flow ensure 25L/min;
2. aluminum alloy junction component main body and the assembly welding pretreatment such as overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti, pre-place before weldering
Reason includes designing groove type and size, descale, degreasing etc. according to structural member thickness of slab and joint form.Further, adopt
The method bevel being machined into, uses the mode descale of file, hand grinding tool polishing, uses acetone to clean degreasing.
3. MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti etc. are used
Assembly;Aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, the lamina tecti welding in closing space, condition is as follows: 20mm and more than 20mm
Straight weld uses metal argon arc welding welding;Argon tungsten-arc welding is used for irregular weld seam or below 20mm straight weld or circumferential weld
Welding.
4. structural member heat treatment, solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h;Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h;
7. overall machining.
In this enforcement, aluminum alloy junction component sample mechanical property reaches more than 360MPa, elongation percentage > 10%;Structural member is whole
Body deformability amount controls within 3mm.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy junction component of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. selecting substrate, baseplate material selects Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys 2219, and thickness is 40mm;Silk material electric arc is used to increase material manufacture
Technique prepares aluminum alloy junction component main body (except the lamina tecti in overhanging portion and closing space), and silk material selects ER2319, silk material
Electric arc increases manufacture process and selects CMT+P technique, and controls wire feed rate 6~9m/min, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/
Amount of lap 18~25% between min, passage, monolayer increases height 1.8mm, and protective gas uses purity to be not less than 99.99%
Argon, flow ensure 25L/min;
2. aluminum alloy junction component main body and the assembly welding pretreatment such as overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti;Pre-place before weldering
Reason includes designing groove type and size, descale, degreasing etc. according to structural member thickness of slab and joint form.Further, adopt
The method bevel being machined into, uses the mode descale of file, hand grinding tool polishing, uses acetone to clean degreasing.
3. MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, closing space lamina tecti etc. are used
Assembly;Aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, the lamina tecti welding in closing space, condition is as follows: 20mm and more than 20mm
Straight weld uses metal argon arc welding welding;Argon tungsten-arc welding is used for irregular weld seam or below 20mm straight weld or circumferential weld
Welding.
4. structural member heat treatment, solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h;Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h;
5. overall machining.
In this enforcement, aluminum alloy junction component sample mechanical property reaches more than 360MPa, elongation percentage > 10%;Structural member is whole
Body deformability amount controls within 2mm.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of a large complicated aluminum alloy junction component, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
1. select substrate, substrate uses the silk material electric arc of cold metal transfer and pulse increase material autofrettage and prepare aluminium alloy structure
Part main body, control the amount of lap 18 between wire feed rate 6~9m/min, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/min, passage~
25%, protective gas uses purity to be not less than the argon of 99.99%, and flow ensures 25L/min, to eliminate pore;
2. aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, the lamina tecti welding pretreatment in closing space;
3. argon tungsten-arc welding or metal argon arc welding welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, the top in closing space are used
Cover plate;Protective gas uses purity to be not less than the argon of 99.99%;
4. structural member heat treatment;
5. overall machining.
The preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described substrate
Thickness is 20~40mm, aluminum alloy junction component wall thickness >=6mm.
The preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step is 2. described
Welding pretreatment include designing groove type and size, descale, degreasing according to structural member thickness of slab and joint form.
The preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3. middle institute
Stating aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, the lamina tecti welding in closing space, condition is as follows:
20mm and more than 20mm straight weld uses metal argon arc welding welding;
Tig Welding is used for irregular weld seam or below 20mm straight weld or circumferential weld.
The preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 4. middle institute
State structural member heat treatment condition as follows: solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h;Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h.
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Cited By (11)
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CN108161178A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-15 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy junction component electric arc increases material forming method |
CN108340057A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-31 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy thick wall structure Rapid Shaping Technology of Arc Welding |
CN108372342A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of high-strength alusil alloy |
CN109332860A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of 5083 aluminium alloys/TC4 titanium alloy structure |
CN109986283A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of reactor core internals monoblock type cradle cylinder body structure formation method |
CN109986282A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of support column structure formation method in in-pile component monoblock type |
CN110605455A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-24 | 天津大学 | Titanium alloy CMT-pulse-heat treatment composite additive manufacturing method |
CN111843109A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 上海交通大学 | Repair welding method for reducing welding cracks of magnesium rare earth alloy casting |
CN113020754A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 沈阳大学 | 5556 aluminum alloy Cold Metal Transition (CMT) arc additive manufacturing process |
CN114211001A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-22 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Method and device for controlling material increase manufacturing deformation of large thin-wall structural part |
CN117300295A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-12-29 | 西安华力装备科技有限公司 | Composite manufacturing method for arc increase and decrease materials of hollow structural metal parts |
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CN109986282A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | A kind of support column structure formation method in in-pile component monoblock type |
CN108161178A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-15 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy junction component electric arc increases material forming method |
CN108372342A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of high-strength alusil alloy |
CN108340057A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-31 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy thick wall structure Rapid Shaping Technology of Arc Welding |
CN110605455A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-24 | 天津大学 | Titanium alloy CMT-pulse-heat treatment composite additive manufacturing method |
CN109332860A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-15 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of 5083 aluminium alloys/TC4 titanium alloy structure |
CN111843109A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-30 | 上海交通大学 | Repair welding method for reducing welding cracks of magnesium rare earth alloy casting |
CN111843109B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-08-31 | 上海交通大学 | Repair welding method for reducing welding cracks of magnesium rare earth alloy casting |
CN113020754A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 沈阳大学 | 5556 aluminum alloy Cold Metal Transition (CMT) arc additive manufacturing process |
CN114211001A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-22 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Method and device for controlling material increase manufacturing deformation of large thin-wall structural part |
CN114211001B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-12-08 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Method and device for controlling additive manufacturing deformation of large thin-wall structural part |
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