CN106312461B - The preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component - Google Patents
The preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component Download PDFInfo
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- CN106312461B CN106312461B CN201610887150.8A CN201610887150A CN106312461B CN 106312461 B CN106312461 B CN 106312461B CN 201610887150 A CN201610887150 A CN 201610887150A CN 106312461 B CN106312461 B CN 106312461B
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- aluminum alloy
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- alloy junction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
A kind of preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component, it is characterized by comprising following steps: selection substrate, aluminum alloy junction component main body is prepared using cold metal transfer and the silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of pulse on substrate, 2. the lamina tecti welding pretreatment of aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space；Using argon tungsten-arc welding or the lamina tecti of metal argon arc welding welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space；Structural member heat treatment；Whole machining.Compared with the prior art, structural reliability can be improved in the present invention, and extending structure service life saves material cost, eliminates the blanking manufacturing procedure of components, reduce production cost, greatly reduce the production cycle of product.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of aluminum alloy junction component.
Background technique
Since aluminium alloy has high specific strength, specific modulus, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and corrosion-resistant stability, and
The advantages that good forming technology and weldability, is widely used to automobile, rail vehicle, aerospace, naval vessel, weapon dress
It is standby to wait fields.Aluminum alloy junction component refers to that the one kind being made using aluminum alloy materials has certain shapes structure, and energy
Enough bear the component of load effect.Aluminum alloy junction component is mainly the side for passing through casting (hot investment casting and extrusion casint) and welding
Method is prepared, and generally requires batch larger by aluminum alloy junction component prepared by casting method, and size is by a fixed limit
System, generally prepares small lot (single-piece or several) large aluminum alloy structural member by the method for welding.Aluminium alloy at present
The main preparation process flow of welding structural element are as follows: forge piece, profile, blanking, parts machining, assembly welding, at postwelding heat
Reason, postwelding correction and integrated machine add.
But with the development of equipment technology, the design of aluminum alloy junction component structure becomes increasingly complex, and mechanical property requirements are more next
Higher, weight but requires increasingly gentlier, to be difficult to manufacture by Conventional processing methods.It is closed using aluminium prepared by traditional welding method
Golden welding structural element, especially large complicated aluminum alloy junction component, existing main problem are shown: (1) in the production process
Complex-shaped component use side shape aluminium, and formed by way of machining, processing capacity is big, and higher cost；(2) components
It can be deformed in blanking process, need to carry out orthopedic processing before erection welding；(3) in the welding process, weld seam
Large number of, welding deformation is not easy to control, defect easily occurs during straightening, causes remitted its fury；(4) aluminum alloy welding
It is larger to connect joint reduced performance amplitude, thereby increases and it is possible to existing defects, therefore safety coefficient is relatively low.
Therefore, it is badly in need of some new large size (volume >=1700mm × 1200mm × 500mm) complex aluminiums of development and application to close
The preparation method of golden structural member.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide one kind for the above-mentioned state of the art and be suitble to large complicated aluminium
The preparation method of alloy structure part, large size here refer to volume >=1700mm × 1200mm × 500mm.
The technical scheme of the invention to solve the technical problem is: a kind of system of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1. selecting substrate, aluminum alloy junction component main body (overhanging portion and envelope are prepared using silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing technique
It closes except the lamina tecti in space)；
2. the components welding pretreatment such as aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti；
3. using MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti etc.
Component；
4. structural member is heat-treated；
5. whole machining.
1. the substrate thickness is 20~40mm, aluminum alloy junction component wall thickness >=6mm to step.Silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Process choice CMT+P (cold metal transfer+pulse) technique, single layer increase height 1.8mm.Protective gas is not less than using purity
99.99% argon gas, flow guarantees 25L/min, to eliminate stomata.
Preferably, 2. the welding pretreatment includes according to structural member plate thickness and joint form design groove shape to step
Formula and size, descale, degreasing etc..Further, it using the method bevel of machining, is beaten using file, hand grinding tool
The mode descale of mill cleans degreasing using acetone.
Preferably, step 3. described in aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti welding,
Condition is as follows:
20mm and 20mm or more straight weld is welded using metal argon arc welding；
Tig Welding is used for irregular weld seam or 20mm or less straight weld or circumferential weld.
The weld seam of traditional sense can be divided into weld seam and fillet weld, and it includes to weld seam that length, which is the weld size of limitation,
And fillet weld.That is, long has included directly all welding types with short and small irregular weld seam.Using argon tungsten-arc welding
(TIG) welding procedure welding aluminum alloy structure, it is big to the heat input of weld seam, and metal argon arc welding (MIG) welding procedure heat is defeated
Enter smaller.Protective gas is not less than 99.99% argon gas using purity, and flow guarantees 25L/min, to prevent from forming gas in weld seam
Hole.Welding condition is depending on plate thickness and joint form.
Preferably, the step 4. described in structural member be heat-treated solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time:
0.75~2h；Aging temp: 171~182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h, to eliminate the remnants of structural member preparation process generation
Stress improves structural reliability.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: cold metal transfer (CMT) is developed based on short circuiting transfer mode
Made of, CMT is helped the droplet transfer by welding wire machinery pumpback mode, and technical process can be accurately controlled, short-circuit mistake
Constant period is crossed, is not influenced by stochastic variable.Electric current is almost nil when because of the CMT droplet transfer, deposition efficiency height, heat input
It is low.Preparing aluminum alloy junction component using pulse CMT (CMT+P) electric arc increasing material manufacturing technique can preferable control structure part preparation
Deflection in the process.Pulse CMT technique refers to that the voltage and current of CMT electric arc is pulse voltage and electric current, pulse CMT technique
Compared with conventional CMT technique, power-efficient is higher, and technology controlling and process is more accurate.Welding aluminum alloy structural member mainly passes through
The methods of connector design, welding sequence, welding tooling and post weld heat treatment control welding deformation amount, complex process, technique side
Case is formulated and evaluation period is long, and production efficiency is low.
In addition, preparing aluminum alloy junction component using increases material manufacturing technology, aluminum alloy junction component main structure one may be implemented
Body chemical conversion type improves structural reliability, and extending structure service life saves material cost, eliminates the blanking processing of components
Process reduces production cost, greatly reduces the production cycle of product.
Compared with increases material manufacturing technology, welding has high flexibility ratio and high-adaptability, using welding method welding aluminum alloy
Structural member overhanging portion and the lamina tecti of enclosure space can effectively make up the big deficiency of hanging increasing material manufacturing technology difficulty.
Facts have proved: the invention is particularly suited to the manufactures of the large complicated aluminum alloy junction component of small lot multi items.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is aluminum alloy junction component top view in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is aluminum alloy junction component main body cross-sectional view in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
Embodiment 1: referring to figs. 1 and 2, the preparation method of the aluminum alloy junction component of the present embodiment includes following step
It is rapid:
1. selecting substrate, baseplate material selects Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys 2219, with a thickness of 20mm；Using silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Technique is prepared aluminum alloy junction component main body (except overhanging portion and the lamina tecti of enclosure space), and silk material selects ER2319, silk material
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing process choice CMT+P technique, and control 6~9m/min of wire feed rate, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/
Amount of lap 18~25% between min, passage, single layer increase height 1.8mm, and protective gas is not less than 99.99% using purity
Argon gas, flow guarantee 25L/min；
2. aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti component welding pretreatment, welding pretreatment
Including designing groove type and size, descale, degreasing etc. according to structural member plate thickness and joint form.Further, it uses
The method bevel of machining, the descale by the way of file, hand grinding tool polishing, cleans degreasing using acetone.
3. using MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space top cover board group
Part；The lamina tecti welding of aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space, condition are as follows: 20mm and 20mm or more is straight
Weld seam is welded using metal argon arc welding；Tungsten argon shielded arc welding is used for irregular weld seam or 20mm or less straight weld or circumferential weld
It connects.
4. structural member is heat-treated, solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h；Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h；
6. whole machining.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, aluminum alloy junction component manufactured in the present embodiment includes aluminum alloy junction component main body, hanging cover board
With the cover board of enclosure space, wherein front tectal lamina 1, rear lamina tecti 2, the lamina tecti that mounting seat cover plate 3 is enclosure space, the right side are vertical
Beam cover board 4, left stringer cover board 5 are hanging cover board, remaining, substrate 6, left stringer 8, rear panel 9, front panel 10, is indulged right vertical beam 7
Beam support plate 11, gusset 12, mounting base panel 13, round tube 14, wire-passing tube 15, installing pipe 16 constitute aluminum alloy junction component main body.
Aluminum alloy junction component sample mechanical property reaches 360MPa or more, elongation percentage > 10% in this implementation；Structural member is whole
Body deformation amount controlling is within 5mm.
Embodiment 2: the preparation method of the aluminum alloy junction component of the present embodiment the following steps are included:
1. selecting substrate, baseplate material selects Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys 2219, with a thickness of 30mm；Using silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Technique is prepared aluminum alloy junction component main body (except overhanging portion and the lamina tecti of enclosure space), and silk material selects ER2319, silk material
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing process choice CMT+P technique, and control 6~9m/min of wire feed rate, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/
Amount of lap 18~25% between min, passage, single layer increase height 1.8mm, and protective gas is not less than 99.99% using purity
Argon gas, flow guarantee 25L/min；
2. the components welding pretreatment such as aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti, pre- place before welding
Reason includes according to structural member plate thickness and joint form design groove type and size, descale, degreasing etc..Further, it adopts
The method bevel being machined into, the descale by the way of file, hand grinding tool polishing, cleans degreasing using acetone.
3. using MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti etc.
Component；The lamina tecti welding of aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space, condition are as follows: 20mm and 20mm or more
Straight weld is welded using metal argon arc welding；Argon tungsten-arc welding is used for irregular weld seam or 20mm or less straight weld or circumferential weld
Welding.
4. structural member is heat-treated, solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h；Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h；
7. whole machining.
Aluminum alloy junction component sample mechanical property reaches 360MPa or more, elongation percentage > 10% in this implementation；Structural member is whole
Body deformation amount controlling is within 3mm.
Embodiment 3:
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy junction component of the present embodiment the following steps are included:
1. selecting substrate, baseplate material selects Behaviors of Deformed Aluminum Alloys 2219, with a thickness of 40mm；Using silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing
Technique is prepared aluminum alloy junction component main body (except overhanging portion and the lamina tecti of enclosure space), and silk material selects ER2319, silk material
Electric arc increasing material manufacturing process choice CMT+P technique, and control 6~9m/min of wire feed rate, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/
Amount of lap 18~25% between min, passage, single layer increase height 1.8mm, and protective gas is not less than 99.99% using purity
Argon gas, flow guarantee 25L/min；
2. the components welding pretreatment such as aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti；Pre- place before weldering
Reason includes according to structural member plate thickness and joint form design groove type and size, descale, degreasing etc..Further, it adopts
The method bevel being machined into, the descale by the way of file, hand grinding tool polishing, cleans degreasing using acetone.
3. using MIG or TIG weld method welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti etc.
Component；The lamina tecti welding of aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space, condition are as follows: 20mm and 20mm or more
Straight weld is welded using metal argon arc welding；Argon tungsten-arc welding is used for irregular weld seam or 20mm or less straight weld or circumferential weld
Welding.
4. structural member is heat-treated, solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h；Aging temp: 171~
182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h；
5. whole machining.
Aluminum alloy junction component sample mechanical property reaches 360MPa or more, elongation percentage > 10% in this implementation；Structural member is whole
Body deformation amount controlling is within 2mm.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of preparation method of large complicated aluminum alloy junction component, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1. selecting substrate, aluminium alloy structure is prepared using cold metal transfer and the silk material electric arc increasing material manufacturing method of pulse on substrate
Part main body, control 6~9m/min of wire feed rate, welding gun speed of travel 0.5m~0.6m/min, the amount of lap 18 between passage~
25%, protective gas is not less than 99.99% argon gas using purity, and flow guarantees 25L/min, to eliminate stomata；
2. the lamina tecti welding pretreatment of aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space；
3. using argon tungsten-arc welding or the top of metal argon arc welding welding aluminum alloy structural member main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space
Cover board；Protective gas is not less than 99.99% argon gas using purity；
4. structural member is heat-treated；
5. whole machining；
The substrate thickness is 20~40mm, aluminum alloy junction component wall thickness >=6mm；
2. the welding pretreatment includes according to structural member plate thickness and joint form design groove type and size, deoxidation to step
Change skin, degreasing；
Step 3. described in aluminum alloy junction component main body and overhanging portion, enclosure space lamina tecti welding, condition is as follows:
Straight weld more than or equal to 20mm is welded using metal argon arc welding；
Straight weld or circumferential weld for irregular weld seam or less than 20mm use Tig Welding；
Step 4. described in structural member heat treatment condition it is as follows: solid solubility temperature: 529~541 DEG C, solution time: 0.75~2h；When
Effect temperature: 171~182 DEG C, aging time: 14~18h.
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| CN109986283B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-06-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Method for forming integral hanging basket barrel structure of reactor internals |
| CN109986282B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2021-06-22 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Forming method of integral upper support column structure of reactor internals |
| CN108161178A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-15 | 北京理工大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy junction component electric arc increases material forming method |
| CN108372342A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of high-strength alusil alloy |
| CN108340057A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-07-31 | 上海工程技术大学 | A kind of aluminum alloy thick wall structure Rapid Shaping Technology of Arc Welding |
| CN110605455A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2019-12-24 | 天津大学 | Titanium alloy CMT-pulse-heat treatment composite additive manufacturing method |
| CN109332860B (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2021-01-05 | 大连理工大学 | Arc additive manufacturing method of 5083 aluminum alloy/TC 4 titanium alloy structure |
| CN111843109B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-08-31 | 上海交通大学 | Repair welding method for reducing welding cracks of magnesium rare earth alloy casting |
| CN113020754B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-09-16 | 沈阳大学 | 5556 aluminum alloy Cold Metal Transition (CMT) arc additive manufacturing process |
| CN114211001B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-12-08 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Method and device for controlling additive manufacturing deformation of large thin-wall structural part |
| CN117300295A (en) * | 2023-10-26 | 2023-12-29 | 西安华力装备科技有限公司 | Composite manufacturing method for arc increase and decrease materials of hollow structural metal parts |
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| CN102500905B (en) * | 2011-11-07 | 2014-05-21 | 郑州飞机装备有限责任公司 | Electronic beam welding method of sealing thin-wall aluminium alloy frame |
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