CN106312404B - Be applicable to passive platform truck of multi-vehicle type - Google Patents
Be applicable to passive platform truck of multi-vehicle type Download PDFInfo
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- CN106312404B CN106312404B CN201610510523.XA CN201610510523A CN106312404B CN 106312404 B CN106312404 B CN 106312404B CN 201610510523 A CN201610510523 A CN 201610510523A CN 106312404 B CN106312404 B CN 106312404B
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- passive trolley
- platform
- passive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0461—Welding tables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/006—Vehicles
Abstract
The invention discloses a passive trolley applicable to multiple vehicle types, which is characterized in that a three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism and/or a two-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism and/or a supporting electrodeless reference mechanism are/is arranged on a base surface of a platform of the passive trolley of the multiple vehicle types, the height, the length and the width of a trolley body supported on the passive trolley are movably adjusted, the passive trolley is subjected to electrodeless switching of the multiple vehicle types, an interface matched with a device for providing power is also arranged on the platform of the passive trolley, so that power sources are independently arranged outside the passive trolley, the weight of the trolley is reduced, and the structure of the trolley is lighter and simpler.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of auxiliary equipment for automobile manufacturing, in particular to a passive trolley applicable to multiple automobile types and applied to an automobile welding line.
Background
The trend of the world automobile development is to convert from mass production to multi-variety and small-scale production, so as to meet the wide and diversified needs of automobile consumers, adapt to the strong competition of the automobile market, and each large automobile manufacturer in the world continuously shortens the automobile type conversion period and accelerates the updating of automobile types, so that the modern automobile welding line gradually tends to be flexible in function.
The single-vehicle type automatic production line is a welding production line designed for one vehicle type, and when a large difference occurs among multiple vehicle types, the operation on the same production line cannot be realized, and the multiple-vehicle type automatic mixed production line is basically the same as the single-vehicle type automatic production line, and the main difference is that the main welding production line adopts multiple-vehicle type mixed production, and is generally 1-3 vehicle types. Aiming at the multi-vehicle type automatic mixed production line, the design of multi-vehicle type standard support in the trolley on the automobile welding line is particularly important. The existing trolley on the automobile welding line is generally a single-vehicle active trolley, the trolley is complex in structure, heavy in weight and high in manufacturing cost and maintenance cost, and multi-vehicle type switching cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a passive trolley suitable for multiple vehicle types, which can realize stepless adjustment on the standard support of vehicle type workpieces, is favorable for realizing the switching of multiple vehicle types, and has a light and simple structure.
A further object is to save control beats and to increase the switching speed.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
be suitable for passive platform truck of multi-vehicle type, its characterized in that: the multi-vehicle passive trolley comprises a multi-vehicle passive trolley platform, a fixed main datum structure and a fixed main datum, wherein the multi-vehicle passive trolley platform is provided with a front part and a rear part and can travel along a track; the bidirectional stepless reference support mechanism is used for supporting a vehicle-shaped workpiece, and the reference support on the bidirectional stepless reference support mechanism can move and lock in the vehicle length direction and the vehicle width direction, wherein the length direction of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle length direction, namely the vehicle length direction of the passive trolley, the width direction of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle width direction, namely the vehicle width direction of the passive trolley, and the direction perpendicular to the base surface of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle height direction, namely the vehicle height direction of the passive trolley.
The further improvement scheme of the invention comprises:
the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is characterized in that the fixed main datum structure comprises a datum pin, a clamping unit and a supporting frame, the clamping unit is arranged on the supporting frame and controls the datum pin to complete the positioning and fixing functions of the main datum of a vehicle type workpiece, the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is further provided with a positioning base surface and a datum hole of the vehicle type workpiece positioning datum, and is further provided with a datum groove for detecting the datum, so that the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform forms a detection platform, and wheels running along a track are assembled on two sides of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform.
The passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type is characterized in that trolley return external power driving interfaces are reserved at the front end and the rear end of the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type, external power interfaces for connecting the passive trolley are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle of the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type, a pneumatic unlocking mechanism is arranged between the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type and a walking track, the pneumatic unlocking mechanism comprises a controller, an air cylinder and a first touch switch, the air cylinder and the first touch switch are respectively connected with the controller, when the passive trolley receives a command needing to be switched, the passive trolley moves to a corresponding switching position, the external switching mechanism searches for each shaft on the passive trolley, external air supply is supplied to a guide rail lock after searching, the guide rail can be moved randomly through the external command, each shaft is moved to the corresponding vehicle type position, the external air supply mechanism is disconnected after switching, the guide rail lock is locked, and each shaft can not move any more.
The three-dimensional non-polar reference support mechanism is arranged at the front part of the multi-vehicle-type passive trolley platform, the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the multi-vehicle-type passive trolley platform, the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the multi-vehicle-type passive trolley platform, the fixed main reference structure is arranged between the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism and the support non-polar reference mechanism, the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism and the three-way non-polar reference support mechanism are provided with left support positions and right support positions which form a reference support together; or the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is provided with the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism and the fixed main reference structure, the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism and the fixed main reference structure are used for completing the establishment function of an engine cabin reference of a vehicle type workpiece, the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is also provided with the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism which is used for completing the establishment function of a floor reference before the vehicle type workpiece, and the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is also provided with the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism which is used for completing the establishment function of the floor reference after the vehicle type workpiece.
The multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is further provided with an I/O communication module and/or an RFID card, the I/O communication module, the RFID card and an external control system of the passive trolley are used for transmitting information carried by the passive trolley, and the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is further provided with a non-contact I/O communication module for realizing control of the passive trolley and the external control system and adjustment of each reference support.
The three-way stepless reference supporting mechanism comprises a vehicle height adjusting mechanism, a vehicle width adjusting mechanism and a vehicle length adjusting mechanism, wherein the vehicle height adjusting mechanism is arranged in pairs left and right, one vehicle height adjusting mechanism is correspondingly installed on the vehicle width adjusting mechanism, the vehicle length adjusting mechanism comprises a first movable platform provided with a transmission unit, a first linear guide, a first sliding block installed on the first linear guide and a corresponding braking mechanism, the first linear guide is arranged left and right on a base surface of the multi-vehicle passive platform respectively, the first sliding block is fixed on the first movable platform, a first support is fixed on the first movable platform, the vehicle width adjusting mechanisms arranged in pairs left and right are all installed on the first support, the vehicle width adjusting mechanism comprises a second movable platform provided with a transmission unit, a second linear guide, a second sliding block installed on the second linear guide and a corresponding braking mechanism, the second linear guide is fixed on the first support, the second sliding block is fixed on the second movable platform, the second movable platform is fixed on the second linear guide, the first linear guide is fixed on the third linear guide and the third linear guide is installed on the third linear guide, and the third linear guide is installed on the third linear guide.
The transmission unit of the first movable platform comprises a gear rack unit, the transmission unit of the movable block is driven by an external driving unit and comprises a ball screw, a driven gear and a driving gear, the ball screw is connected with the driven gear, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is driven by the external driving unit, the transmission unit of the vehicle width adjusting mechanism comprises a vehicle width adjusting gear and two vehicle width adjusting racks which are meshed with the vehicle width adjusting gear and are arranged up and down, the two vehicle width adjusting racks are respectively fixed on one second movable platform, the vehicle width adjusting gear is driven by the external driving unit to enable the two second movable platforms to synchronously move so as to drive the two vehicle height adjusting mechanisms which are arranged in pairs left and right, a reference support arranged on the movable block is controlled by a cylinder, and the reference support comprises a pin connected to the cylinder.
Each braking mechanism on the vehicle height adjusting mechanism, the vehicle width adjusting mechanism and the vehicle length adjusting mechanism is an air-break band-type brake braking mechanism and comprises a band-type brake block which is controlled by an air source and can hold a linear guide rail; the two ends of the linear guide rail in each direction are provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel-preventing stop block; each direction is provided with a movable scale for confirming the displacement of the movement of each reference support; each direction is provided with a mark for identifying the vehicle type workpiece.
The vehicle body height adjusting mechanism comprises a vehicle body height adjusting mechanism, a vehicle body length adjusting mechanism, a vehicle body height adjusting mechanism and a vehicle body height adjusting mechanism, wherein interfaces matched with the vehicle body height adjusting mechanism are reserved on a second movable platform on the vehicle width adjusting mechanism which is arranged in pairs from left to right, switching interfaces when the vehicle body height adjusting mechanism is switched are reserved on moving blocks of the vehicle body height adjusting mechanism which are arranged in pairs from left to right, the interfaces matched with the vehicle body height adjusting mechanism are reserved in the length direction of the vehicle body length adjusting mechanism, each switching interface when the vehicle body is switched on is composed of three rollers, the axes of axles of the two rollers are located on the same plane, the plane is parallel to a base surface of a passive trolley platform, the three rollers are distributed in a triangle shape, and three rollers are clamped up and down through a clamping part of an external robot during vehicle body switching.
The bidirectional stepless reference supporting mechanism comprises a vehicle length adjusting structure in the vehicle length direction and a vehicle height adjusting structure in the vehicle height direction, the vehicle length adjusting structure comprises a movable base provided with a transmission unit, a length direction linear slide rail, a first slide seat arranged on the length direction linear slide rail and a corresponding braking mechanism, two length direction linear slide rails are arranged on a base plane of a multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform and are arranged in parallel left and right at intervals, the first slide seat is fixed on the movable base, a supporting frame is fixed on the movable base, the vehicle height adjusting structure comprises a movable seat provided with a transmission unit, a height direction linear slide rail, a second slide seat arranged on the height direction linear slide rail and a corresponding braking mechanism, the height direction linear slide rail is fixed on the supporting frame, the second slide seat is fixed on the movable seat, a supporting block for positioning a vehicle type workpiece reference is arranged on the movable seat, the transmission unit of the movable base comprises a gear rack unit, the transmission unit of the movable seat comprises balls, driven gears and driving gears, the balls are connected with the driven gears, the driven gears are meshed with the driving gears, the driving gears and the driving gears are meshed with the driving gears, and the driving gears are meshed with the air supply of the air brake by the air supply adjusting mechanism; the two ends of the linear slide rail in each direction are provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel-preventing stop block; a moving scale is arranged in each direction for confirming the displacement of each direction relative to the reference movement; each direction is provided with a mark for identifying the vehicle type of the vehicle body, the height direction linear slide rail is provided with an interface base which is matched with the vehicle type switching mechanism and synchronously moves with the movable seat, and the interface base is provided with an interface for simultaneously switching the vehicle length and the vehicle height.
The stepless reference mechanism comprises two linear support guide rails which are vertically arranged at intervals, sliding rods and a braking mechanism matched with the sliding rods are arranged on the two linear support guide rails, the top ends of the two sliding rods are connected to a beam angle iron, insulating reference supports are arranged at the two ends of the beam angle iron, an external power interface is further arranged on the two sliding rods and used for providing a power source for adjusting the vehicle height direction of the insulating reference supports, and a reference stop block, an overtravel stop block and a scale used for confirming the movement displacement of the insulating reference supports are further arranged on the linear support guide rails.
The invention has the advantages that: 1. the device is suitable for various vehicle types, and realizes the stepless switching of the multiple vehicle types of the passive trolley through various adjustable stepless reference supporting mechanisms. 2. The walking power source of the passive trolley and the power source of the switching mechanism are arranged outside the passive trolley independently, so that the weight of the trolley is reduced, and the trolley is lighter and simpler. 3. The control beat is saved, the triangle roller structure and the three-dimensional direction are simultaneously switched, so that an external control system saves the control beat, and the switching speed is improved. 4. Prevent electric leakage, support hold-down mechanism and the supporting part of automobile body contact, it is all connected with passive platform truck through the insulating part, avoids welding electric leakage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a general assembly view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the multi-vehicle passive trolley platform of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a locking device of the multi-vehicle passive trolley platform of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the locking and unlocking of the locking device of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is one of the block diagrams of the three-way electrodeless reference support mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a top view of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley of FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a second block diagram of the three-way electrodeless reference support mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view illustrating the movement of the rollers of FIG. 7 in a clamped condition by an external robot to adjust the width of the vehicle;
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the bi-directional electrodeless reference support mechanism of FIG. 1;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the fixed primary reference structure of FIG. 1;
fig. 11 is a block diagram of the support electrodeless mechanism of fig. 1.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a passive trolley 1 suitable for multiple vehicle types, for short, is a passive trolley for short, which comprises a passive trolley platform 101 for multiple vehicle types, which is provided with a front part and a rear part and can walk along a track, a fixed main datum structure 301 for fixing a vehicle type workpiece on the passive trolley platform 101 for multiple vehicle types, wherein the front part of the passive trolley platform 101 for multiple vehicle types is provided with a height position, the middle part is provided with a height position and a length position, the rear part is provided with a length position, a width position and a height position which are used for determining the vehicle width direction and the vehicle height direction of the passive trolley 1, the middle part is provided with a left position and a right position which are used for determining the vehicle length direction of the passive trolley 1, and an interface matched with a device for providing external power is further arranged on the passive trolley platform 101 for realizing that the passive trolley does not need an external power source in the automatic motion process, and the external power is only needed to be connected when unlocking and taking and placing the vehicle type workpiece. The external power device is separated from the passive trolley 1, so that the passive trolley 1 is simpler and lighter in structure. The vehicle length direction, the vehicle width direction, and the vehicle height direction of the passive carriage 1 are also the vehicle length direction, the vehicle width direction, and the vehicle height direction of the multi-vehicle type passive carriage platform 101, respectively.
The passive trolley 1 suitable for multiple vehicle types further comprises a three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501 (namely a three-way electrodeless supporting mechanism) arranged on the base surface of the multiple vehicle type passive trolley platform 101, and/or a two-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 401 (namely a two-way electrodeless supporting mechanism), and/or a supporting electrodeless reference mechanism 201 (supporting electrodeless mechanism), wherein the supporting electrodeless reference mechanism 201 is used for supporting vehicle type workpieces, the height direction is adjustable and lockable, the three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501 is used for supporting and clamping the vehicle type workpieces, and the reference support on the three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501 can be moved and locked in the vehicle height direction, the vehicle length direction and the vehicle width direction; the bidirectional stepless reference support mechanism 401 is used for supporting a vehicle-shaped workpiece, and the reference support on the bidirectional stepless reference support mechanism 401 can move and lock in the vehicle length direction and the vehicle width direction, wherein the length direction of the passive trolley platform 101 is the vehicle length direction (i.e. the T direction), the width direction of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle width direction (i.e. the B direction), and the direction perpendicular to the base surface of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle height direction (i.e. the H direction). The passive trolley 1 realizes the switching of different vehicle types 2, 3 and 4 of the passive trolley 1 through the adjustment of the three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501, the two-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 401 and/or the supporting electrodeless reference mechanism 201. The three-way electrodeless reference support mechanism 501, the two-way electrodeless reference support mechanism 401 and the support electrodeless reference mechanism 201 are locked by respective corresponding braking mechanisms.
The passive trolley 1 applicable to multiple vehicle types comprises the following components:
1. multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform
As shown in fig. 2, the front and rear ends of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 are provided with trolley return external power driving interfaces, and the left and right sides of the middle part of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 are provided with external power interfaces for connecting the passive trolley 1.
The front part of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is provided with a supporting electrodeless reference mechanism 201, the rear part of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is provided with a three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501, the middle part of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is provided with a two-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 401, a fixed main reference structure 301 is arranged between the two-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 401 and the supporting electrodeless reference mechanism 201, the two-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 401 and the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501 are respectively provided with a left supporting position and a right supporting position which form a reference support together; as shown in fig. 2, the passive trolley platform 101 respectively corresponding to the support electrodeless reference mechanism 201, the fixed main reference structure 301, the bidirectional electrodeless reference support mechanism 401 and the three-way electrodeless reference support mechanism 501 has corresponding mounting positions 201', 301', 401', 501'.
Another layout structure of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is as follows: the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is provided with a three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism 501 and a fixed main reference structure 301, the two three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanisms are arranged in front of and behind each other to complete the establishment function of an engine cabin reference of a vehicle type workpiece, the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is also provided with a front floor reference establishment function of the two three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanisms 501 arranged in front of and behind each other to complete the establishment function of a floor reference of the vehicle type workpiece, and the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is also provided with a front floor reference support mechanism 501 arranged in front of and behind each other to complete the establishment function of the vehicle type workpiece.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, a first angle iron 102 for positioning and fixing the passive trolley platform 101 is arranged at the bottom of the passive trolley platform 101, a first through hole 103 is formed in the first angle iron 102, and the axis of the first through hole 103 is perpendicular to the travelling direction of the passive trolley 1.
The number of the first angle irons 102 is two, and the first angle irons are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the passive trolley 1; as shown in fig. 3, a locking device is arranged on a track 120 on which the passive trolley 1 walks, the locking device comprises a controller, an air cylinder and a first touch switch 104, wherein the air cylinder and the first touch switch are respectively connected with the controller, two ends of a third arm 107 are respectively hinged between one end of a first arm 105 which is connected with the air cylinder and moves along a guide groove 108 and the other end of a second arm 106 which is hinged on a guide groove bracket 108', the guide groove bracket 108' is fixed on the track, a guide rod 109 which is fixed on the second arm 106 is provided with a second through hole 103', the air cylinder is linked with the guide rod 109 on the second arm 106 through the first arm 105 to move in a rotating way, and a moving shaft 110 which passes through the first through hole 103 and the second through hole 103' is arranged on the locking device, as shown in fig. 4, the moving shaft 110 moves out of the first through hole 103 and the second through hole 103' to be capable of contacting the first touch switch 104; the controller is electrically connected with the air cylinder, and the controller is an external computer, namely an external PC.
The top end positions of the front end and the rear end of the passive trolley platform 101 or the top end position of one end of the passive trolley platform are provided with limiting blocks 111 matched with external touch switches, the passive trolley 1 walks along the track, the limiting blocks 111 touch the external touch switches and transmit signals to an external PC, the external PC controls the cylinder action of the locking device, the linkage guide rod 109 rotates to enable the first through hole 103 to correspond to the second through hole 103', and the external PC controls the movable shaft 110 to move to penetrate through the first through hole 103 and the second through hole 103' so as to lock the passive trolley 1. When the locking device is unlocked, the external PC controls the movable shaft 110 to move out of the first through hole 103 and the second through hole 103 'and contact the first touch switch 104, the external PC controls the cylinder action of the locking device, and the second through hole 103' on the linkage guide rod 109 rotates away, so that the unlocking function of the passive trolley 1 is realized.
The multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is also provided with an I/O communication module 112 and/or an RFID card, the I/O communication module 112, the RFID card and an external control system of the passive trolley 1 are used for transmitting information carried by the passive trolley 1, and the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101 is also provided with a non-contact I/O communication module for realizing control of the passive trolley 1 and the external control system and adjustment of each reference support.
Referring to fig. 2, after the passive trolley 1 is locked, the information in the RFID card on the vehicle body workpiece read by the external card reader is transmitted to the external control system to identify the vehicle type, the external control system controls and supports the electrodeless reference mechanism 201, the fixed main reference structure 301, the bidirectional electrodeless reference support mechanism 401 and the three-way electrodeless reference support mechanism 501 through the I/O communication module 112 to adjust the vehicle length, the vehicle width, the vehicle height and the support position, and can judge whether the vehicle body exists on the passive trolley 1 so as to avoid dotting waste.
The passive trolley platform 101 is further provided with a bendable drag chain 113 for accommodating electric wires and cylinder air supply pipelines, so that the passive trolley is neat and attractive, and unsafe factors caused by messy lines are avoided.
2. Three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism
As shown in fig. 5 to 8, the three-way stepless reference support mechanism 501 includes a vehicle height adjusting mechanism, a vehicle width adjusting mechanism, and a vehicle length adjusting mechanism, wherein the vehicle width adjusting mechanisms are arranged in pairs from left to right, the vehicle height adjusting mechanisms are arranged in pairs from left to right, and one vehicle width adjusting mechanism is correspondingly provided with one vehicle height adjusting mechanism.
The vehicle length adjusting mechanism comprises a first movable platform 543 provided with a transmission unit, a first linear guide rail 523, a first sliding block arranged on the first linear guide rail 523 and a corresponding braking mechanism 533, wherein the first linear guide rail 523 is respectively arranged on the left and right sides of a base surface of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform 101, the first sliding block is fixed on the first movable platform 543, a first bracket 503 is fixed on the first movable platform 543, and the vehicle width adjusting mechanisms arranged in pairs on the left and right sides are all arranged on the first bracket 503. The vehicle width adjustment mechanism includes a second movable platform 542 provided with a transmission unit, a second linear guide 522, a second slider mounted on the second linear guide 522, and a corresponding brake mechanism 532, the second linear guide 522 is fixed on the first bracket 503, the second slider is fixed on the second movable platform 542, and the second bracket is fixed on the second movable platform 542. The vehicle height adjusting mechanism comprises a moving block provided with a transmission unit, a third linear guide 521, a third sliding block arranged on the third linear guide 521 and a corresponding braking mechanism 531, wherein the third linear guide 521 is fixed on the second bracket, the third sliding block is fixed on the moving block 541, and a reference support for positioning a vehicle-shaped workpiece is arranged on the moving block 541.
The transmission unit of the first movable platform 543 includes a rack and pinion unit, and is driven by the peripheral driving unit, the transmission unit of the moving block 541 includes a ball screw, a driven gear and a driving gear, the ball screw is connected with the driven gear, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is driven by the peripheral driving unit, the transmission unit of the vehicle width adjusting mechanism includes a vehicle width adjusting gear and two vehicle width adjusting racks which are meshed with the vehicle width adjusting gear and are arranged up and down, the two vehicle width adjusting racks are respectively fixed on one second movable platform 542, the vehicle width adjusting gear is driven by the peripheral driving unit to enable the two second movable platforms 542 to synchronously move so as to drive the two vehicle height adjusting mechanisms which are arranged left and right in pairs to synchronously move, as shown in fig. 6, based on a center line M of the T-direction passive platform 101, the two second movable platforms 542 in the B direction simultaneously move towards the center line M or away from the center line M, and the two second movable platforms 542 in the B direction are independently and synchronously controlled respectively, so as to save control time.
The reference support installed on the moving block 541 is controlled by a cylinder, and the reference support includes a pin connected to the cylinder, and is connected to the moving block 541 through an insulating member, so as to prevent leakage of electricity during welding of the vehicle body.
Each braking mechanism on the vehicle height adjusting mechanism, the vehicle width adjusting mechanism and the vehicle length adjusting mechanism is an air-break band-type brake braking mechanism and comprises a band-type brake block which is controlled by an air source and can hold a linear guide rail; the two ends of the linear guide rail in each direction are provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel-preventing stop block; each direction is provided with a movable scale for confirming the displacement of the movement of each reference support; each direction is provided with a mark for identifying the vehicle type workpiece.
The second movable platforms 542 on the vehicle width adjusting mechanisms arranged in pairs on the left and right are provided with interfaces matched with the vehicle type switching mechanisms, the moving blocks 541 on the vehicle height adjusting mechanisms arranged in pairs on the left and right are provided with switching interfaces when the vehicle types are switched, the length direction of the vehicle length adjusting mechanisms is provided with interfaces matched with the vehicle type switching mechanisms,
as shown in fig. 7 or fig. 8, the switching interface of each moving block 541 during switching of the vehicle model is formed by three rollers 505, wherein the axes of the axles of two rollers 505 are located on the same plane, the plane is parallel to the base plane of the passive platform truck 101, the three rollers 505 are distributed in a triangle shape, and the three rollers 505 are clamped up and down by the clamping parts 506 of the external robot during switching of the vehicle model, so as to reduce the switching friction. The triangular roller structure is arranged so that when the vehicle width and the vehicle height in the B direction and the H direction are simultaneously switched, each roller 505 has only one contact point between the two clamping parts 506 and the friction force is minimum; if the three rollers are on the same horizontal line, two contact points are formed between the two clamping portions 506 and each roller 505, so that the rollers cannot roll due to larger friction force, the B direction, the H direction and the vehicle height cannot be switched at the same time, the H direction and the vehicle height can be switched only, after the clamping portions 506 of the external robot release the rollers 505, the B direction can be switched, the vehicle width can be switched, and the control beat can be increased. Therefore, the triangular-distributed roller structure can realize simultaneous switching between the B direction and the H direction, and the vehicle width and the vehicle height, save the control beat and improve the switching speed. As shown in fig. 8, the roller 505 is slidable along the clamping portion 506 in the B direction, and the linear movement stroke S of the roller 505 in the B direction is equal to or less than the linear width L of the clamping portion, so that the roller 505 is not easily separated from the clamping portion when the vehicle width is adjusted in the B direction.
The moving block 541 is provided with an H-direction limiting block 591 and a B-direction limiting block 592 which are matched with an external switching mechanism to touch a switch, one end of the first linear guide rail 523 is provided with a T-direction limiting block 593 which is matched with the external switching mechanism to touch the switch, and the moving block 541, the second movable platform 542 and the first movable platform 543 are also provided with angle irons which are matched with the external switching mechanism to approach the switch.
Three-way electrodeless reference support mechanism 501 operates on the principle: according to different vehicle type information, the external control system transmits control instructions through the I/O communication module 112 to control the moving block 541, the second movable platform 542 and the first movable platform 543 to move to the length, the width and the height of the corresponding vehicle type, the moving block 541, the second movable platform 542 and the third angle iron on the first movable platform 543 touch the corresponding proximity switch of the external switching mechanism, the limiting blocks 591, 592 and 593 in the H direction, the B direction and the T direction touch the corresponding touch switch of the external switching mechanism, the positioning signals are fed back to the external control system, the external control system controls the braking mechanism to hold the linear guide rail through the air source, and the ventilation band-type brake block unlocks the linear guide rail.
The walking power source of the passive trolley 1 and the power source of the switching mechanism are arranged outside the passive trolley 1 independently, so that the weight of the trolley is reduced when a robot arm carries the passive trolley, and the trolley is lighter and simpler.
3. Bidirectional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism
As shown in fig. 9, the bidirectional stepless reference support mechanism 401 includes a vehicle length adjusting structure in the vehicle length direction and a vehicle height adjusting structure in the vehicle height direction, the vehicle length adjusting structure includes a movable base provided with a transmission unit, a longitudinal linear slide 422, a first slide seat mounted on the longitudinal linear slide 422, and a corresponding brake mechanism 432, two longitudinal linear slide rails 422 are disposed on a base surface of the multi-vehicle passive platform 101 at a parallel interval, the first slide seat is fixed on the movable base 442, and a support frame is fixed on the movable base 442. The car height adjusting structure comprises a moving seat provided with a transmission unit, a height direction linear slide rail 421, a second slide seat arranged on the height direction linear slide rail 421 and a corresponding braking mechanism 431, wherein the height direction linear slide rail 421 is fixed on a supporting frame, the second slide seat is fixed on the moving seat 441, a supporting block 402 for positioning a car type workpiece reference is arranged on the moving seat 441, the moving seat 441 is connected with the supporting block 402 through an insulating piece, and electric leakage is prevented in the car body welding process.
The transmission unit of the movable base 442 includes a rack and pinion unit, driven by an external driving unit, the transmission unit of the movable base includes a ball screw, a driven gear and a driving gear, the ball screw is connected with the driven gear, the driven gear is engaged with the driving gear, the driving gear is driven by the external driving unit,
each braking mechanism on the vehicle length adjusting structure and the vehicle height adjusting structure is an air-break band-type brake braking mechanism, and comprises band-type brake blocks which can be controlled by an air source to hold the linear guide rail; the two ends of the linear slide rail in each direction are provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel-preventing stop block; a moving scale is arranged in each direction for confirming the displacement of each direction relative to the reference movement; each direction is provided with a mark for identifying the vehicle type of the vehicle body. The interface base matched with the vehicle type switching mechanism and synchronously moving with the moving seat 441 is arranged on the height direction linear slide rail 421, and an interface with the simultaneous switching of the vehicle length and the vehicle height is arranged on the interface base, so that the control beat can be saved during the simultaneous switching, and the switching speed is improved.
The movable seat 441 is provided with a limiting block 451 matched with an external switching mechanism to touch a switch, one end of the linear sliding rail 422 in the length direction is provided with a limiting block 452 matched with the external switching mechanism to touch the switch, and the movable seat 441 and the movable base 442 are also provided with angle irons 461 and 462 matched with the external switching mechanism to approach the switch.
The working principle of the bidirectional electrodeless reference support mechanism 401 is as follows: according to different vehicle type information, the external control system transmits control instructions through the I/O communication module 112 to control the movable seat 441 and the movable base 442 to move to the vehicle height and the vehicle length of the corresponding vehicle types, angle irons 461 and 462 on the movable seat 441 and the movable base 442 touch corresponding proximity switches of the external switching mechanism, limiting blocks 451 and 452 touch corresponding touch switches (micro switches are adopted in the embodiment) of the external switching mechanism, positioning signals are fed back to the external control system, the external control system controls a braking mechanism through an air source, an air-break band-type brake block holds a linear guide rail, and the ventilation band-type brake block unlocks the linear guide rail.
4. Fixed main reference structure
As shown in fig. 10, the fixed main reference structure 301 includes a reference pin 303, a pin cylinder 304, a clamping unit and a supporting frame 305, the clamping unit is mounted on the supporting frame 305 and controls the reference pin 303 to complete the positioning and fixing functions of the main reference of the vehicle-shaped workpiece, the multi-vehicle-shaped passive trolley platform 101 is further provided with a positioning base surface and a reference hole of the positioning reference of the vehicle-shaped workpiece, and is further provided with a reference groove for detecting the reference, so that the multi-vehicle-shaped passive trolley platform 101 forms a detection platform, and wheels running along the track are assembled on two sides of the multi-vehicle-shaped passive trolley platform 101. The reference pin 303, the pin cylinder 304 and the clamping unit are connected with the supporting frame 305 through insulating pieces, so that electric leakage in the welding process of the vehicle body is prevented.
5. Support electrodeless reference mechanism
Referring to fig. 11, a supporting stepless reference mechanism 201 comprises two linear supporting guide rails 202 vertically arranged at intervals, sliding rods 204 and a braking mechanism 203 matched with the sliding rods 204 are arranged on the two linear supporting guide rails 202, the top ends of the two sliding rods 204 are connected to a beam angle iron 206, insulating reference supports are arranged at two ends of the beam angle iron 206, electric leakage is prevented in the welding process of a vehicle body, external power interfaces are further arranged on the two sliding rods 204 and used for providing a power source for adjusting the vehicle height direction of the insulating reference supports, and a reference stop block, an overtravel stop block and a scale for confirming the moving displacement of the insulating reference supports are further arranged on the linear supporting guide rails 202. The insulation reference support comprises an insulation plate, an adjusting gasket, a support block and an insulation sleeve arranged on the support block, wherein the insulation plate is fixedly connected with the beam angle iron 206, and the insulation sleeve is sequentially connected from bottom to top. The slide bar 204 is provided with a limiting block 208 matched with an external switching mechanism to touch the switch and an angle iron 209 matched with an external switching mechanism to approach the switch.
Supporting the working principle of the electrodeless reference mechanism 201: according to different vehicle type information, the external control system transmits control instructions through the I/O communication module 112, the sliding rod 204 is controlled to move to the vehicle height of the corresponding vehicle type, the angle iron 209 on the sliding rod 204 touches the corresponding proximity switch of the external switching mechanism, the limiting block 208 touches the corresponding touch switch (micro switch is adopted in the embodiment) of the external switching mechanism, the positioning signals are fed back to the external control system, the external control system controls the braking mechanism through the air source, the air break band-type brake block holds the linear guide rail, and the ventilation band-type brake block unlocks the linear guide rail.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and further developments made by a person skilled in the art based on the present invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. Be suitable for passive platform truck of multi-vehicle type, its characterized in that: the passive trolley suitable for multiple vehicle types comprises a multiple vehicle type passive trolley platform which is provided with a front part and a rear part, can walk along a track and has a locking function, a fixed main datum structure of a vehicle type workpiece arranged on the multiple vehicle type passive trolley platform, a three-way electrodeless datum supporting mechanism and a two-way electrodeless datum supporting mechanism which are arranged on a base surface of the multiple vehicle type passive trolley platform, and a supporting electrodeless datum mechanism,
the three-dimensional stepless reference support mechanism is used for supporting and clamping the vehicle-shaped workpiece, and a reference support arranged on the three-dimensional stepless reference support mechanism can be moved and locked in the vehicle height direction, the vehicle length direction and the vehicle width direction; the bidirectional electrodeless reference support mechanism is used for supporting a vehicle-shaped workpiece, the reference support arranged on the bidirectional electrodeless reference support mechanism can move and lock in the vehicle length direction and the vehicle width direction, wherein the length direction of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle length direction, namely the vehicle length direction of the passive trolley, the width direction of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle width direction, namely the vehicle width direction of the passive trolley, the direction vertical to the base surface of the passive trolley platform is the vehicle height direction, namely the vehicle height direction of the passive trolley,
the front portion of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is provided with a height position, the middle portion is provided with a height position and a length position, the rear portion is provided with a length position, a width position and a height position which are used for determining the vehicle width direction and the vehicle height direction of the passive trolley, the middle portion is provided with a left position and a right position which are used for determining the vehicle length direction of the passive trolley, an interface matched with a device for providing external power is further arranged on the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform so as to achieve that the passive trolley does not need an external power source in the automatic movement process, and the passive trolley only needs to be connected with external power when unlocking and taking and placing vehicle type workpieces.
2. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 1, wherein: the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is characterized in that the fixed main datum structure comprises a datum pin, a clamping unit and a supporting frame, the clamping unit is arranged on the supporting frame and controls the datum pin to complete the positioning and fixing functions of the main datum of a vehicle type workpiece, the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is further provided with a positioning base surface and a datum hole of the vehicle type workpiece positioning datum, and is further provided with a datum groove for detecting the datum, so that the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform forms a detection platform, and wheels running along a track are assembled on two sides of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform.
3. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 1, wherein: the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type is characterized in that trolley return external power driving interfaces are reserved at the front end and the rear end of the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type, external power interfaces for connecting the passive trolley are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle of the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type, a pneumatic unlocking mechanism is arranged between the passive trolley platform of multi-vehicle type and a walking track, the pneumatic unlocking mechanism comprises a controller, an air cylinder and a first touch switch, the air cylinder and the first touch switch are respectively connected with the controller, when the passive trolley receives a command needing to be switched, the passive trolley moves to a corresponding switching position, the external switching mechanism searches for each shaft on the passive trolley, external air supply is supplied to a guide rail lock after searching, the guide rail can be moved randomly through the external command, each shaft is moved to the corresponding vehicle type position, the external air supply mechanism is disconnected after switching, the guide rail lock is locked, and each shaft can not move any more.
4. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 1, wherein: the three-dimensional non-polar reference support mechanism is arranged at the front part of the multi-vehicle-type passive trolley platform, the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism is arranged at the rear part of the multi-vehicle-type passive trolley platform, the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism is arranged at the middle part of the multi-vehicle-type passive trolley platform, the fixed main reference structure is arranged between the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism and the support non-polar reference mechanism, the two-way non-polar reference support mechanism and the three-way non-polar reference support mechanism are provided with left support positions and right support positions which form a reference support together;
or the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is provided with the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism and the fixed main reference structure, the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism and the fixed main reference structure are used for completing the establishment function of an engine cabin reference of a vehicle type workpiece, the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is also provided with the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism which is used for completing the establishment function of a floor reference before the vehicle type workpiece, and the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is also provided with the three-dimensional electrodeless reference supporting mechanism which is used for completing the establishment function of the floor reference after the vehicle type workpiece.
5. The passive trolley for multiple vehicle types according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, wherein: the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is further provided with an I/O communication module and/or an RFID card, the I/O communication module, the RFID card and an external control system of the passive trolley are used for transmitting information carried by the passive trolley, and the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform is further provided with a non-contact I/O communication module for realizing control of the passive trolley and the external control system and adjustment of each reference support.
6. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 1, wherein: the three-way electrodeless reference supporting mechanism comprises a vehicle height adjusting mechanism, a vehicle width adjusting mechanism and a vehicle length adjusting mechanism, wherein the vehicle width adjusting mechanism is arranged in pairs left and right, the vehicle height adjusting mechanism is arranged in pairs left and right, one vehicle width adjusting mechanism is correspondingly provided with one vehicle height adjusting mechanism,
the vehicle length adjusting mechanism comprises a first movable platform provided with a transmission unit, a first linear guide rail, a first sliding block and a corresponding braking mechanism, wherein the first sliding block and the corresponding braking mechanism are arranged on the first linear guide rail, the first linear guide rail is respectively arranged on the left and the right of a base surface of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform, the first sliding block is fixed on the first movable platform, a first bracket is fixed on the first movable platform, the vehicle width adjusting mechanisms which are arranged in pairs from left to right are all arranged on the first bracket,
the vehicle width adjusting mechanism comprises a second movable platform provided with a transmission unit, a second linear guide rail, a second sliding block arranged on the second linear guide rail and a corresponding braking mechanism, wherein the second linear guide rail is fixed on a first bracket, the second sliding block is fixed on a second movable platform, the second movable platform is fixed with a second bracket,
the vehicle height adjusting mechanism comprises a moving block provided with a transmission unit, a third linear guide rail, a third sliding block arranged on the third linear guide rail and a corresponding braking mechanism, wherein the third linear guide rail is fixed on the second bracket, the third sliding block is fixed on the moving block, and a datum support for positioning a vehicle type workpiece is arranged on the moving block.
7. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 6, wherein: the transmission unit of the first movable platform comprises a gear rack unit which is driven by an external driving unit, the transmission unit of the moving block comprises a ball screw, a driven gear and a driving gear, the ball screw is connected with the driven gear, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is driven by the external driving unit, the transmission unit of the vehicle width adjusting mechanism comprises a vehicle width adjusting gear and two vehicle width adjusting racks which are meshed with the vehicle width adjusting gear and are arranged up and down, the two vehicle width adjusting racks are respectively fixed on one second movable platform, the vehicle width adjusting gear is driven by the external driving unit to enable the two second movable platforms to synchronously move so as to drive the two vehicle height adjusting mechanisms which are arranged left and right in pairs to synchronously move,
the reference support arranged on the moving block is controlled by a cylinder, the reference support comprises a pin connected with the cylinder,
the mechanism comprises a band brake block which is controlled by an air source and can hold the linear guide rail; the two ends of the linear guide rail in each direction are provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel-preventing stop block; each direction is provided with a movable scale for confirming the displacement of the movement of each reference support; each direction is provided with a mark for identifying the vehicle type workpiece.
8. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 7, wherein: interfaces matched with the vehicle type switching mechanism are reserved on the second movable platforms on the vehicle width adjusting mechanisms which are arranged in pairs left and right, switching interfaces during vehicle type switching are reserved on the moving blocks of the vehicle height adjusting mechanisms which are arranged in pairs left and right, interfaces matched with the vehicle type switching mechanism are reserved in the length direction of the vehicle length adjusting mechanism,
the switching interface when the vehicle type is switched is formed by three rollers on each moving block, wherein the axes of the wheel shafts of the two rollers are positioned on the same plane, the plane is parallel to the base plane of the passive trolley platform, the three rollers are distributed in a triangular shape, and the three rollers are clamped up and down through the clamping parts of the external robot during the vehicle type switching to reduce the switching friction force.
9. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 1, wherein: the bidirectional stepless reference supporting mechanism comprises a vehicle length adjusting structure in the vehicle length direction and a vehicle height adjusting structure in the vehicle height direction, wherein the vehicle length adjusting structure comprises a movable base provided with a transmission unit, a length direction linear slide rail, a first slide seat arranged on the length direction linear slide rail and a corresponding braking mechanism, two length direction linear slide rails are arranged on a base surface of the multi-vehicle type passive trolley platform at intervals in a left-right parallel manner, the first slide seat is fixed on the movable base, a supporting frame is fixed on the movable base,
the vehicle height adjusting structure comprises a movable seat provided with a transmission unit, a height direction linear slide rail, a second slide seat arranged on the height direction linear slide rail and a corresponding braking mechanism, wherein the height direction linear slide rail is fixed on a support frame, the second slide seat is fixed on the movable seat, a support block for positioning a vehicle type workpiece reference is arranged on the movable seat,
the transmission unit of the movable base comprises a gear rack unit which is driven by an external driving unit, the transmission unit of the movable base comprises a ball screw, a driven gear and a driving gear, the ball screw is connected with the driven gear, the driven gear is meshed with the driving gear, the driving gear is driven by the external driving unit,
each braking mechanism on the vehicle length adjusting structure and the vehicle height adjusting structure is an air-break band-type brake braking mechanism, and comprises a band-type brake block which is controlled by an air source and can hold a linear guide rail; the two ends of the linear slide rail in each direction are provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel-preventing stop block; a moving scale is arranged in each direction for confirming the displacement of each direction relative to the reference movement; each direction is provided with a mark for identifying the vehicle type of the vehicle body,
the linear slide rail in the height direction is provided with an interface base which is matched with the vehicle type switching mechanism and synchronously moves with the movable seat, and the interface base is provided with an interface for simultaneously switching the vehicle length and the vehicle height.
10. The passive trolley for use with multiple vehicle models of claim 1, wherein: the support stepless reference mechanism comprises two linear support guide rails which are vertically arranged at intervals, sliding rods and a braking mechanism matched with the sliding rods are arranged on the two linear support guide rails, the top ends of the two sliding rods are connected to a beam angle iron, two ends of the beam angle iron are provided with insulation reference supports, an external power interface is also arranged on the two sliding rods and used for providing a power source for adjusting the vehicle height direction of the insulation reference supports,
and the linear support guide rail is also provided with a reference stop block and an overtravel stop block, and a scale for confirming the movement displacement of the insulating reference support.
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| CN2015103909608 | 2015-07-02 | ||
| CN201510390960 | 2015-07-02 |
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| CN105149848A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-16 | 武汉瑞北汽车装备有限公司 | Supporting non-polar mechanism for multi-vehicle-type passive trolley |
| CN105173592A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2015-12-23 | 武汉瑞北汽车装备有限公司 | Fixed primary standard structure for multi-vehicle-type passive trolley |
| CN116238882B (en) * | 2023-03-08 | 2023-08-15 | 上海晓奥享荣自动化设备有限公司 | Trolley applicable to multiple vehicle types |
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| US8274009B2 (en) * | 2009-07-14 | 2012-09-25 | Easom Automation Systems, Inc. | Automotive body shop flexible framing gate changing system |
| CN102873477B (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2015-05-13 | 浙江金刚汽车有限公司 | Automobile model switching mechanism of automobile production line |
| CN103143865B (en) * | 2013-03-30 | 2015-05-27 | 长城汽车股份有限公司 | Flexible switching system for vehicle welding production line |
| CN103551783A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-05 | 上汽通用五菱汽车股份有限公司 | Flexible car soft tool platform |
| CN104002083B (en) * | 2014-05-23 | 2015-12-16 | 广州明珞汽车装备有限公司 | A kind of multi-vehicle-type soldering cramping apparatus frame bindiny mechanism |
| CN104670831B (en) * | 2015-01-27 | 2017-03-22 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Vehicle model switching device and switching control method |
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