CN106307920B - A kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen - Google Patents

A kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106307920B
CN106307920B CN201610599448.9A CN201610599448A CN106307920B CN 106307920 B CN106307920 B CN 106307920B CN 201610599448 A CN201610599448 A CN 201610599448A CN 106307920 B CN106307920 B CN 106307920B
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China
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layer
storage material
box body
heat
stainless steel
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CN106307920A (en
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胡军
王祯
王甜甜
何世军
马晓迅
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Northwest University
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Northwest University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45C—PURSES; LUGGAGE; HAND CARRIED BAGS
    • A45C11/00—Receptacles for purposes not provided for in groups A45C1/00-A45C9/00
    • A45C11/20—Lunch or picnic boxes or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45C—PURSES; LUGGAGE; HAND CARRIED BAGS
    • A45C13/00—Details; Accessories
    • A45C13/02—Interior fittings; Means, e.g. inserts, for holding and packing articles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A45—HAND OR TRAVELLING ARTICLES
    • A45C—PURSES; LUGGAGE; HAND CARRIED BAGS
    • A45C13/00—Details; Accessories
    • A45C13/10—Arrangement of fasteners
    • A45C13/12—Arrangement of fasteners of press-button or turn-button fasteners
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/24—Warming devices
    • A47J36/2405—Warming devices for warming food contained in vessels immersed in a water bath, e.g. chafers or steam tables
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J36/00—Parts, details or accessories of cooking-vessels
    • A47J36/24—Warming devices
    • A47J36/28—Warming devices generating the heat by exothermic reactions, e.g. heat released by the contact of unslaked lime with water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of cooling and warming incubation canteens, including box body and box cover, the two is closed by locking device sealing cover, box body and box cover respectively include Stainless Steel Vacuum outer layer and stainless steel internal layer and its between interlayer space, it is equipped with the first water storage material layer, the first heating recuperation layer and the second water storage material layer successively from the bottom to top in the interlayer space of box body bottom part, is located in the interlayer space of box side wall part and is equipped with refrigeration thermal regenerator layer；The second heating recuperation layer is equipped in second interlayer space of box cover；It is filled with organic heat-storing material in refrigeration recuperation layer；It is filled with hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material in first heating recuperation layer and the second heating recuperation layer；Cooling and warming incubation canteen provided by the invention, simple in structure, heat insulation effect is good, can not only freeze and achieve the purpose that preserve food for a long time as far as possible, while can also heat food makes nutrition therein preferably be absorbed by the body.

Description

A kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen
Technical field
The present invention relates to daily necessities fields, and in particular to a kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen.
Background technology
Nowadays, it can hear that people talk about food-safety problem everywhere, eat rotten due to microorganism mass propagation Food is huge to the harm of body, it can infect gastrointestinal infection disease, and enterogastritis is caused even to cause to poison by food.Suitable Temperature moisture and nutritional condition under, the breeding of microorganism is drastically, as long as the lunch box that proper temperature contains food is one The most suitable the bread worm of a one's own little world for enabling microorganism that can well breed, microorganism is about 30-40 DEG C, due to the water of food Divide and nutritional ingredient cannot change, reducing temperature can be used to inhibit the breeding of microorganism, and this measure can be effective Reduction food in the lipolytic ability of lipolytic enzyme, and then utmostly postpone the rotten of food.It makes a general survey of on the market Common incubation canteen only plays the role of heat preservation, and during temperature declines, 30-40 DEG C of soaking time can be very long, this Sample will cause bacterial micro-organism mass propagation to cause food spoilage, food that cannot preserve for a long time.Therefore, exploitation one kind can The lunch box that refrigeration-heat preservation-heating-is kept the temperature again is very necessary.
Invention content
For deficiency in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen, and the lunch box structure is simple, no It can only freeze and achieve the purpose that preserve food for a long time as far as possible, while can also heat food keeps nutrition therein better It is absorbed by the body.
Cooling and warming incubation canteen provided by the invention, including box body and box cover, the box body and the box cover wrap respectively Vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and stainless steel internal layer are included, the vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and the stainless steel internal layer of the box body are at top Edge engages, has the first interlayer space, the box between the vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and the stainless steel internal layer of the box body There is the second interlayer space between the vacuum of lid-stainless steel outer layer and the stainless steel internal layer；
It is equipped with the first water storage material layer, the successively from the bottom to top in the first interlayer space of the box body bottom part One heating recuperation layer and the second water storage material layer are located in the first interlayer space of the box side wall part and are equipped with refrigeration accumulation of heat Layer；It is equipped with third water storage material layer, the second heating recuperation layer and the 4th water storage in second interlayer space successively from the bottom to top Material layer；
The first phase change heat storage material is filled in the refrigeration recuperation layer, first phase change heat storage material is organic accumulation of heat Material；It is filled with the second phase change heat storage material in the first heating recuperation layer and the second heating recuperation layer, described the Two phase change heat storage materials are hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material；
The box body and the box cover are closed by locking device sealing cover.
Preferably, first phase change heat storage material is the positive organic heat-storing material of 16 carbon paraffin, and second phase transformation stores The main component of hot material is Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal.
It is highly preferred that Na of second phase change heat storage material by quality accounting 94-97%2HPO4.12H2O crystal, 1- 2% anti-phase separation agent and 2-4% are anti-to cross cryogen composition.
It is highly preferred that the anti-phase separation agent is carboxymethyl cellulose, the anti-cryogen of crossing is according to mass ratio 1:1 mixing Made of boric acid and borax mixture.
Preferably, the first water storage material layer, the second water storage material layer, the third water storage material layer and The 4th water storage material layer is made of bamboo fibre.
Preferably, it is additionally provided at least one hollow separation steel plate in the box body, the box body is separated at least two It is a to contain area, it is filled with third phase change heat storage material, the third phase change heat storage material and the first phase transformation in the separation steel plate Heat-storing material material is identical.
Preferably, the locking device include it is multiple be rotatably connected in the lock at the box cover edge by pivot, with And multiple buckles on the box body outer wall are fixedly connected on, the lock is corresponded with the buckle to be fastened.
It is highly preferred that the quantity of the lock and the buckle is respectively 4-6.
Cooling and warming incubation canteen provided by the invention has the advantages that：
Main material is processed using stainless steel, and stainless-steel vacuum technology is ripe, and difficulty of processing is small, heat-storing material Welded seal is carried out to clearance aperture after being placed in after the interlayer space between stainless steel or uses integral shaping method, simple processing, It can produce in enormous quantities, the sealing between box cover and box body uses steel buckle structure, compares helicitic texture simple processing, and leakproofness It is good, it ensure that heat insulation inside lunch box and extraneous.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the box body structure schematic diagram of cooling and warming incubation canteen provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional view of cooling and warming incubation canteen provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of vertical view of the box body of cooling and warming incubation canteen provided in an embodiment of the present invention cuts open figure.
Specific implementation mode
In order to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand, technical scheme of the present invention is practiced, with reference to specific The invention will be further described for embodiment, but illustrated embodiment is not as a limitation of the invention.
A kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen, specifically as shown in Figs. 1-3, including box body and box cover, box body and box cover wrap respectively Vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and stainless steel internal layer are included, the vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and stainless steel internal layer of box body connect on top sides edge It closes, the vacuum-of box body has the first interlayer space 103, vacuum-stainless steel of box cover between stainless steel outer layer and stainless steel internal layer There is the second interlayer space 203 between outer layer and stainless steel internal layer；
In the first interlayer space 103 of box body bottom part from the bottom to top successively be equipped with the first water storage material layer 108, First heating recuperation layer 106 and the second water storage material layer 107, are equipped in the first interlayer space 103 of box side wall part Freeze recuperation layer 105；It is equipped with third water storage material layer 206, second in second interlayer space 203 successively from the bottom to top and heats accumulation of heat Layer 204 and the 4th water storage material layer 205；It is filled with the first phase change heat storage material, the first phase-transition heat-storage material in refrigeration recuperation layer 105 Material is organic heat-storing material；First heating recuperation layer 106 and second, which heats, is filled with the second phase-transition heat-storage material in recuperation layer 204 Material, the second phase change heat storage material are hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material；Box body and box cover are closed by locking device sealing cover.
It is specific as shown in Figure 1 for the clearer concrete structure for indicating cooling and warming incubation canteen, box body in Fig. 1 Vacuum-stainless steel outer layer is 101 signified, and the stainless steel internal layer of box body is 102 signified, vacuum-stainless steel outer layer of box body and not The first interlayer space between rust steel internal layer is 103 signified；The vacuum of box cover-stainless steel outer layer is 201 signified, box cover it is stainless Steel internal layer is 202 signified, and the second interlayer space of the vacuum-of box cover between stainless steel outer layer and stainless steel internal layer is 203 signified.
Preferably, above-mentioned first phase change heat storage material is positive 16 carbon paraffin, above-mentioned second phase change heat storage material it is main Ingredient is Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal；It is highly preferred that above-mentioned second phase change heat storage material is by quality accounting 94-97%'s Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal, the anti-phase separation agent of 1-2% and the anti-cryogens of crossing of 2-4% form, wherein anti-phase separation agent is carboxymethyl Cellulose, anti-cryogen of crossing is boric acid and borax；First water storage material layer 108, the second water storage material layer 107, third water storage material Layer 206 and the 4th water storage material layer 205 are made of bamboo fibre, and water storage effect is good.In the first heating recuperation layer 106 and the Two about 204 recuperation layers of heating are all provided with water storage material layer, and one side upper layer water storage material layer can absorb the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second heating recuperation layer 204 phase change heat storage material at the middle and upper levels liquid water and steam, lower layer's water storage material layer absorbs lower layer The liquid water of phase change heat storage material；On the other hand, upper and lower water storage material layer can heat food faster.
Above-mentioned cooling and warming incubation canteen uses the jacket structure of stainless steel, positive ten filled in refrigeration recuperation layer 105 Six carbon paraffin are organic phase change material, its melting temperature is 18 DEG C, once temperature is less than 18 DEG C, is always maintained at solid-like State, once ambient temperature is higher than 18 DEG C, which can become liquid absorbent and store energy, to ensure that ambient temperature drops to 18 DEG C, achieve the effect that reduce food temperature；And the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second heats the master filled in recuperation layer 204 Want ingredient Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal is inorganic hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material, and inorganic hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material, which has, to be compared Big heat of fusion and fixed fusing point (the really temperature of the inorganic hydrated salt abjection crystallization water), the crystallization water of abjection makes salt melt And absorb heat, to occur inverse process when food heating, absorb liquid water and heat release generates inorganic hydrated salt structure again； Na2HPO4.12H2The melting temperature of O crystal is 40 DEG C, once temperature is more than 40 DEG C, which makes salt melt by the crystallization water is deviate from And the heat of 279kJ/kg is stored, the crystallization water becomes liquid water inflow bamboo fibre preservation at this time, once it needs to add food Lunch box rock up and down, makes the liquid water being stored in bamboo fibre and the Na of generation by heat2HPO4Contact, regenerates Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal.At this point, the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second, which heats recuperation layer 204, will release a large amount of heat, realize Heating to food, but the heat released does not exceed 40 DEG C, because of Na2HPO4.12H2The fusing point of O crystal is 40 DEG C, is more than 40 DEG C it will no longer undergo phase transition, will not neither endothermic nor exothermic, it is final only heat foods to be made to 40 DEG C, and then reach suitable for people The temperature of edible food.
Since the thermal coefficient of the thermal conductivity ratio hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material of organic heat-storing material is low, in temperature When spending higher food and being put in lunch box, the high Na of thermal coefficient2HPO4.12H2O crystal has first absorbed required heat, the crystallization water Become liquid water and be stored in water storage material layer, positive 16 carbon paraffin absorbs remaining heat later, until food temperature reaches 18 DEG C or so, stop heat absorption.
In addition, the thermal coefficient of positive 16 carbon paraffin is about 0.12W/ (m.K), hydrated salt Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal due to There are hydrone, thermal coefficient is about 0.7W/ (m.K).Therefore when cool down keep the temperature when, progress that food temperature can be relatively slow It is cooling, reach the low-temperature protection of duration.When heating up to food, the Na of high thermal conductivity coefficient2HPO4.12H2O crystal can be quickly Food is heated, and is heated and is differed about 7 times with the rate of cooling, ensure that heat will not be freezed immediately when being heated for food Recuperation layer 105 absorbs, and makes one the temperature when having dinner and reaches 40 DEG C as far as possible.
The main component of second phase change heat storage material is Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal, mass fraction are the carboxylic first of 1%-2% The effect of base cellulose acts as anti-phase separation agent, in order not to meeting in Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal occurs to melt or be generated when synthesizing Other hydrates, and cause hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material that cannot recycle, after so that the heat storage performance of the hydrate is declined Fruit.Mass fraction is that the effect of 3% or so boric acid and 3% or so borax acts as anti-cryogen excessively, for stabilization Na2HPO4.12H2The temperature that O is undergone phase transition can just undergo phase transition when preventing temperature too low or is excessively high and cause heat accumulation or heating effect It is deteriorated.
For the composition of the second phase change heat storage material, with the Na of quality accounting 94-97%2HPO4.12H2O crystal, 1-2% Anti- phase separation agent and 2-4% it is anti-cross cryogen composition, wherein it is anti-cross cryogen be boric acid and borax mixture.Matching in range Than can all realize heat accumulation function, such as the second phase change heat storage material by the Na of quality accounting 97% well2HPO4.12H2O is brilliant Body, 1% anti-phase separation agent and the 2% anti-composition of cryogen excessively, the mass ratio of boric acid and borax is 1 in anti-cryogen excessively:1, they Component adduction be 100%.
It is 17W/ (m.K) that lunch box outer layer, which uses vacuum-stainless steel insulation construction, stainless steel thermal coefficient, and heat can be with It is preferably transmitted inside incubation canteen, the thermal coefficient of vacuum layer is 0.023W/ (m.K), since the transmission of heat needs Medium, vacuum structure do not have any medium, heat that can not scatter and disappear from the structure, and the thermal coefficient of the vacuum layer is due to being less than 0.05W/ (m.K), it is believed that the structure can effectively completely cut off the energy exchange inside and outside lunch box, make to be equivalent to heat guard inside lunch box System, can realize the insulation effect of lunch box well.
Since heat is transmitted, there are three types of modes：Conduction, convection current and radiation, wherein conduction is present between food and lunch box, adopts The conduction of heat can be effectively hindered with Stainless Steel Vacuum insulation construction and then effectively cooling heat preservation is carried out to food.Convection current is only The case where lunch box is opened can be present in, therefore heat exchange is very fast when lunch box is opened, in order to which food can be preserved Longer time, the leakproofness between box cover and box body must be good, therefore is closed using locking device sealing cover, before having a meal as possible Box cover, which is covered, can effectively carry out low-temperature insulation.Secondly as temperature only has 18 DEG C in lunch box, heat is in the form of heat It is substantially negligible to external radiation, thus, above-mentioned incubation canteen integrates three kinds of thermaltransmission modes prevents hot institute as far as possible There is the exchange of approach and then low-temperature insulation is carried out to food, allows food that can preserve the longer time as far as possible without because of high temperature It is rotten.
It should be noted that above-mentioned locking device is divided into two parts, be respectively set with box body outer wall and box cover edge, in fact Existing structural formula is diversified, and a kind of preferred scheme is：The locking device includes multiple being rotatably connected in box by pivot The lock 302 at lid edge, and multiple buckles 301 for being fixedly connected on box body outer wall, box cover lid close on box body, lock 302, to after being rotated close to the direction of box body outer wall, correspond sealing with buckle 301 and fasten.
Under normal circumstances, the quantity of lock 302 and buckle 301 is respectively 4-6, you can meets seal request.
Specifically, for Na2HPO4.12H2The dosage of O crystal and positive 16 carbon paraffin ideally calculates as follows：
Q=cm △ t, wherein Q are to increase (reduction) food institute calorific requirement；C is the specific heat capacity of food, is about by rice 2.930kJ/(kg.K)；M is quality；△ t are temperature variation；
M=ρ V, wherein m are quality；ρ is the density of food, and it is about 0.8kg/L to be calculated by cooked rice；V is the appearance of lunch box Product；
Assume that the lunch box capacity is V=S.h=90 × 60 × 3 × 1000 (mm)=1620000mm according to Fig. 13= 1.62L；
Assuming that the temperature for the hot meal that takes the dish out of the pot is 90 DEG C, calculated through above formula：
The quality of 1.62L rice is m=1.62L × 0.8kg/L=1.296kg
(1) cool down 90 DEG C -40 DEG C of first stage:
Q1=2.930kJ/ (kg.K) × 1.296kg × (90-40)=189.864kJ
And Na2HPO4.12H2The melting energy of O crystal is 279kJ/kg
Then cooling to 40 DEG C from hot rice only needs m1The Na of=189.864kJ/279kJ/kg=0.681kg2HPO4.12H2O Crystal.
(2) cool down 40 DEG C -18 DEG C of second stage：
Q2=2.930kJ/ (kg.K) × 1.296kg × (40-18)=83.54kJ
And the melting energy of positive 16 carbon paraffin is 237kJ/kg
Then rice drops to 18 DEG C from 40 DEG C only needs m2The positive 16 carbon paraffin of=83.54kJ/237kJ/kg=0.352kg is It can.
(3) temperature rise period：
Q3=Q2=83.54KJ
Na2HPO4.12H2The melting energy of O crystal is 279kJ/kg
Then rice is warming up to 40 DEG C from 18 DEG C needs m3The Na of=83.54kJ/279kJ/kg=0.299kg2HPO4.12H2O is brilliant Body.
It to sum up can be calculated, ideally positive 16 carbon paraffin (effect refrigeration) 0.352kg in lunch box surrounding and partition board, Lunch box bottom and box cover need Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal (effect heating) 0.681kg.
Therefore, positive 16 carbon paraffin is 352g or so, Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal is that above-mentioned mesh can be realized in 681g or so 's.
In view of the solid-liquid dilatancy of paraffin is larger, density of solid 835kg/m3, fluid density 776kg/m3, calculate The liquid volume of required positive 16 carbon paraffin is：V1=m2/ρ1=0.352kg/776kg/m3=0.454L.It is also contemplated that due to Food temperature after cooling is relatively low, and extraneous temperature is high, and the form that heat can pass through slowly heat transfer passes to food, in order to Refrigeration recuperation layer 105 remains unchanged and can effectively adjust the temperature of food, absorbs the extraneous heat transmitted, therefore positive 16 carbon paraffin Volume should be greater than 0.454L, refrigeration recuperation layer 105 should have the left and right 0.543kg (about 0.7L when liquid) just when actual processing 16 carbon paraffin.
As shown in Figure 1, the volume of refrigeration recuperation layer 105 is about：
V2=S.h=(220 × 10 × 2+90 × 10 × 4) × 100 (mm)=800000mm3=0.8L.Freeze recuperation layer 105 can fill organic heat-storing material of about 0.7L, it is believed that this size design is reasonable.
Na2HPO4.12H2The density of O crystal is 1520kg/m3, calculate required Na2HPO4.12H2The volume of O crystal is：V2 =m3/ρ2=0.681kg/1520kg/m3=0.000448m3=0.448L.
The content of the refrigeration recuperation layer 105 of incomplete phase transformation is about：V=0.7L-0.454L=0.246L
M=V. ρ1=0.246L × 776kg/m3=0.191kg
The refrigeration recuperation layer 105 of incomplete phase transformation undergoes phase transition the energy of needs completely
Q4=0.191kg × 237kJ/kg=45.267kJ
Since the absorption heat of heating recuperation layer is 189.864kJ, heating food theory need to consume 83.54kJ, and heating is not The refrigeration recuperation layer 105 of complete phase transformation need to consume 45.267kJ, and 189.964kJ is far above 128.807kJ, therefore Na2HPO4.12H2The content of O is that 0.448L (0.681kg) is reasonable.
If it is h mm that cover of the lunch box and the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second at lunch box bottom, which heat 204 height of recuperation layer,
Then V2=448000mm3=220 × 110 × h (mm)
Calculate to obtain h=18.51mm or so.
Likewise, considering extraneous heat transfer, contain in the first heating heating recuperation layer 204 of recuperation layer 106 and second Na2HPO4.12H2The volume of O should be greater than 0.448L, and h should be about 20mm when processing.
Requirement of the lunch box cooling heating to food amount is as follows：
Assuming that the quality of food is M, Na2HPO4.12H2The heat of O crystal preferential absorption foods, allows the temperature of food to reduce It it is 40 DEG C, it is about Q=2.930kJ/ (kg.K) × M kg × (90-40)=146.5M kJ to absorb heat.Further, positive ten Six carbon wax phase changes make food temperature be reduced to 18 DEG C, and it is about Q=2.930kJ/ (kg.K) × M kg × (40- to absorb heat 18)=64.46M kJ.
It is as follows to the calculating process of food heating：Energy needed for all positive complete phase transformations of 16 carbon paraffin is 128.691kJ.I.e.：146.5M>64.45M+(128.691kJ-64.45M)
Calculate to obtain M>0.878kg, that is, when filled a bowl with rice dish is more than 878g, food accurately can cool down and heat up.It is filled a bowl with rice When dish is less than 878g, although food can effectively cool down, temperature rise effect is not very significantly.
Lunch box cooling temperature-rise period is analyzed as follows：
Assuming that when the food in lunch box is full Sheng state, it is as follows to the process of food cooling：In the initial accumulation of heat lunch box It is solid state that the recuperation layer 105, first that freezes, which heats recuperation layer 106 and second and heats recuperation layer 204 all, when 90 DEG C of foods are set When in lunch box, there is inorganic hydrous salt phase transition accumulation of heat material since the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second heats in recuperation layer 204 Material, the height of thermal conductivity ratio organic phase change material are preferential quickly to absorb heat, Na2HPO4.12H2Part knot in O crystal Brilliant water becomes liquid water and is stored in bamboo fibre, when by 90 DEG C of food heat absorption to 40 DEG C, stops heat absorption, perfect condition Under need 0.681kg Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal.And then due to positive 16 carbon paraffin thermal coefficient in refrigeration recuperation layer 105 It is relatively low, and phase transition temperature is 18 DEG C, can continue the heat for absorbing food in lunch box, at this time due to the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second heating recuperation layer 204 Na2HPO4.12H2The liquid water of O crystal abjection is stored in bamboo fibre, and there is no automatic The function of temperature adjustment, therefore positive 16 carbon paraffin continues the temperature of food by 40 DEG C to drop to 18 DEG C, ideally needs positive ten Six carbon paraffin 0.352kg can be transmitted to lunch box in addition to avoiding temperature in lunch box low by long period ambient temperature Inside, therefore positive 16 carbon paraffin some surpluses need to be given, when actual processing the positive 16 carbon paraffin guarantee of 0.543kg can absorb More heats, and then achieve the purpose that the food temperature that cools down automatically, so that food is maintained at 18 DEG C of low-temperature condition for a long time.
It is as follows to the process of food heating：When food to be eaten, lunch box is rocked, makes the liquid water being stored in bamboo fibre Bamboo fibre and Na are shaken out due to inertia2HPO4Contact regenerates Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal, this process first heat accumulation of heat It is that food carries out heat temperature raising that layer 106 and the second heating recuperation layer 204, which will release a large amount of heat, ideally needed for energy about For 83.54kJ.In view of positive 16 carbon paraffin may not up to become the state that liquid is no longer absorbed heat completely before heating, therefore Na2HPO4.12H2The surplus institute calorific requirement that the amount of O crystal is considered as positive 16 carbon paraffin is 45.267kJ, and 0.681kg Na2HPO4.12H2The heat of O absorption of crystal is the 189.864kJ energy required far above heating, therefore heats the system of recuperation layer Thermal effect is good.Furthermore, it is contemplated that the extraneous heat transfer with inside lunch box, i.e., required Na under virtual condition2HPO4.12H2O crystal Content should be more than 0.681kg.
Preferably, it is additionally provided at least one hollow separation steel plate 104 in above-mentioned box body, is generally best with 1-2, leads to Box body is separated into 2-3 areas of filling a bowl with rice by over-segmentation steel plate, and is separated and be filled with third phase change heat storage material in steel plate 104, the Three phase change heat storage materials are identical as the first phase change heat storage material material, are hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material；
Such setting is not only separated food by type, and the contact area of food and lunch box is big, is conducive to fast prompt drop Temperature or heating.
It should be noted that for the lunch box of specific volume, according to calculating above, required hydrous salt phase transition accumulation of heat Material is divided into the first heating recuperation layer 106 and second heating recuperation layer 204, and total amount is constant.And the first phase change heat storage material It is positive 16 carbon paraffin with third phase change heat storage material, when not setting segmentation steel plate in lunch box, positive 16 carbon paraffin is all filled in In first interlayer space 103 of box side wall part；When setting segmentation steel plate, the first interlayer for being divided into box side wall part is empty Between in 103 and in segmentation steel plate, total amount is constant.
The advantages of cooling and warming incubation canteen of above-mentioned offer, is as follows：
(1) stainless steel material Nonpoisonous, non-environmental-pollution is equally used inside incubation canteen, can allow people do not have to worry lunch box by Material safety problem caused by high temperature influences.
(2) the heat accumulation mode of above-mentioned heat accumulating type incubation canteen is simple, and the food that need to only take the dish out of the pot is put in lunch box can be effective Make Na2HPO4.12H2The crystallization water in O substances becomes liquid water, and then liquid water will be flowed down by gravity and be stored in bamboo fibre Effectively heat is stored in dimension.
(3) refrigeration modes of above-mentioned heat accumulating type incubation canteen are simple, winter using very convenient, since ambient temperature is general Less than 18 DEG C, therefore positive 16 carbon paraffin generally all can in solid form be present in the lunch box, when food is placed in lunch box, two Kind phase change heat storage material can be that food adjusts temperature, and then finally stablizes temperature at 18 DEG C or so automatically.When summer extraneous temperature When degree is higher than 18 DEG C, which is placed in refrigerator and freezes meeting, enables phase change heat storage material become solid, allows it that can absorb energy i.e. It can be used for automatically adjusting the temperature of lunch box.
In conclusion in the lunch box before use, to ensure that lunch box first heats recuperation layer 106 and second and heats recuperation layer Na in 2042HPO4.12H2Positive 16 carbon paraffin in O crystal and refrigeration recuperation layer is solid forms, so as to in lunch box Food cools down, the former can be used for allowing food temperature to be down to 40 DEG C, and the latter can be used for allowing food temperature to be down to 18 DEG C.
The mode of heating of above-mentioned heat accumulating type incubation canteen is simple, and food can be heated by rocking lunch box up and down, be rocked The Na that liquid water in lunch box bamboo fibre generates after being dehydrated since effect of inertia can flow into2HPO4In recombine generation Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal releases heat makes people in cuisines to be tasted even if ensure that lunch box temperature after cooling is very low When phase change heat storage material heat can be also provided for food, so that the temperature of food is reached 40 DEG C, allow nutritional ingredient in food Preferably it is absorbed by the body.
The heat accumulating type incubation canteen both can be used for cooling protection food from the mass propagation of microorganism and caused by eat Object is rotten, the harm for preventing food spoilage to bring, and can effectively be heated to food when people eat food, It allows people preferably to be absorbed the nutritional ingredient in food, improves the people’s lives general level of the health.And mode of heating is easy, Not electricity consumption does not have to fire, need to only shake, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Embodiment described above is only to absolutely prove that preferred embodiment that is of the invention and being lifted, protection domain are unlimited In this.Those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention made by equivalent substitute or transformation, the present invention protection Within the scope of, protection scope of the present invention is subject to claims.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen, including box body and box cover, which is characterized in that the box body and the box cover wrap respectively Vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and stainless steel internal layer are included, the vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and the stainless steel internal layer of the box body are at top Edge engages, has the first interlayer space (103) between the vacuum-stainless steel outer layer and the stainless steel internal layer of the box body, There is the second interlayer space (203) between the vacuum of the box cover-stainless steel outer layer and the stainless steel internal layer；
It is equipped with the first water storage material layer successively from the bottom to top in the first interlayer space (103) of the box body bottom part (108), the first heating recuperation layer (106) and the second water storage material layer (107), are located at the first interlayer of the box side wall part Refrigeration recuperation layer (105) is equipped in space (103)；Third is equipped in second interlayer space (203) successively from the bottom to top to store up Water material layer (206), the second heating recuperation layer (204) and the 4th water storage material layer (205)；
The first phase change heat storage material is filled in the refrigeration recuperation layer (105), first phase change heat storage material is organic storage Hot material；It is filled with the second phase-transition heat-storage in the first heating recuperation layer (106) and the second heating recuperation layer (204) Material, second phase change heat storage material are hydrous salt phase transition heat-storing material；First phase change heat storage material is positive 16 carbon The main component of the organic heat-storing material of paraffin, second phase change heat storage material is Na2HPO4.12H2O crystal；
The box body and the box cover are closed by locking device sealing cover.
2. cooling and warming incubation canteen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that second phase change heat storage material is by matter Measure the Na of accounting 94-97%2HPO4.12H2O crystal, the anti-phase separation agent of 1-2% and the anti-cryogens of crossing of 2-4% form.
3. cooling and warming incubation canteen according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the anti-phase separation agent is that carboxymethyl is fine Dimension element, the anti-cryogen of crossing is according to mass ratio 1:The mixture of 1 boric acid mixed and borax.
4. cooling and warming incubation canteen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first water storage material layer (108), The second water storage material layer (107), the third water storage material layer (206) and the 4th water storage material layer (205) are equal It is made of bamboo fibre.
5. cooling and warming incubation canteen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be additionally provided in the box body at least one The box body is separated at least two and contains area, is filled in the separation steel plate (104) by hollow separation steel plate (104) Third phase change heat storage material, the third phase change heat storage material are identical as the first phase change heat storage material material.
6. cooling and warming incubation canteen according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the locking device includes multiple passes through Pivot is rotatably connected in the lock (302) at the box cover edge, and the multiple buttons being fixedly connected on the box body outer wall Plate (301), the lock (302) correspond with the buckle (301) and fasten.
7. cooling and warming incubation canteen according to claim 6, which is characterized in that lock (302) and the buckle (301) quantity is respectively 4-6.
CN201610599448.9A 2016-07-27 2016-07-27 A kind of cooling and warming incubation canteen Expired - Fee Related CN106307920B (en)

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CN107198458A (en) * 2017-06-26 2017-09-26 张绍乙 Self-heating/cooling and phase transformation store device and its application method that insulation is combined
CN107902199A (en) * 2017-10-25 2018-04-13 徐靓琳 A kind of food delivery incubator
CN109349935B (en) * 2018-11-02 2020-12-04 荆门它山之石电子科技有限公司 Meat roasting oven
CN110653836A (en) * 2019-10-31 2020-01-07 西南交通大学 Intelligent food delivery robot combined with food heat preservation system and delivery method

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