Four-phase motor energy-saving circuit
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of motor circuits. In particular to an energy-saving circuit of a four-phase motor.
Background
An electric motor is a device that can convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. The speed-regulating device is widely applied to electric traction due to good speed-regulating performance. With the continuous consumption of natural resources, people's awareness of energy conservation is strengthened in recent years, and in various fields, people are researching how to fully utilize energy to achieve the purpose of energy conservation.
In particular, in the field of automobiles, gasoline and diesel engines need to use non-renewable natural resources as power sources, and are not energy-saving and environment-friendly enough, so that research on electric vehicles is increasing in recent years.
However, in the field of existing pure electric vehicles, the following disadvantages of the electric motor are common: the electric vehicle can not recover electric energy or the recovered electric energy is too little in the running process, and the electric energy storage of the conventional power battery is very limited, so that the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle is very short, a long-distance task can not be continuously completed, and the working efficiency of people and the development of the electric vehicle are seriously restricted. Therefore, there is a need for a motor circuit capable of saving energy and power during the operation of an electric vehicle.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an energy-saving circuit of a four-phase motor, which is mainly used for a reluctance motor with centralized windings. The four-phase motor energy-saving circuit can save energy and electricity of the motor and increase the endurance mileage.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a four-phase motor energy-saving circuit comprises a first path of electronic power supply switch, a second path of electronic power supply switch, a motor winding coil, a phase change switch circuit and a rectifying circuit.
The first electronic power supply switch comprises a first switch diode, the second electronic power supply switch comprises a second switch diode, and the motor winding coil comprises a first phase winding coil, a second phase winding coil, a third phase winding coil and a fourth phase winding coil; the phase change switch circuit comprises a first phase change signal input end, a second phase change signal input end, a third phase change signal input end, a fourth phase change signal input end, a first phase change switch triode, a second phase change switch triode, a third phase change switch triode and a fourth phase change switch triode; the rectifying circuit comprises a first rectifying diode, a second rectifying diode, a third rectifying diode, a fourth rectifying diode, a fifth rectifying diode, a sixth rectifying diode, a seventh rectifying diode and an eighth rectifying diode.
The anode of the first switching diode is connected with the anode of the second switching diode and then connected with the anode of the direct-current power supply; the first end of the first phase winding coil is connected with the cathode of the second switching diode, and the second end of the first phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the first rectifying diode and the anode of the second rectifying diode; the negative electrode of the second rectifier diode is connected with the negative electrode of the first switch diode and then connected with the first end of the second phase winding coil; the second end of the second phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the third rectifier diode and the anode of the fourth rectifier diode; and the negative electrode of the fourth rectifying diode is connected with the negative electrode of the second switching diode and then connected with the first end of the third phase winding coil.
The second end of the third phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the fifth rectifier diode and the anode of the sixth rectifier diode; the negative electrode of the sixth rectifier diode is connected with the first switch diode and then connected with the first end of the fourth phase winding coil, and the second end of the fourth phase winding coil is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the seventh rectifier diode and the positive electrode of the eighth rectifier diode; the negative electrode of the eighth rectifying diode is respectively connected with the first end of the first phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the second switching diode; and the anode of the first rectifying diode, the anode of the third rectifying diode, the anode of the fifth rectifying diode and the anode of the seventh rectifying diode are connected and then connected with the cathode of the direct-current power supply.
A collector and an emitter of the first commutation switch triode are respectively connected with the second end of the first phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a first commutation signal input end is connected with a base of the first commutation switch triode; a collector and an emitter of the second phase change switch triode are respectively connected with a second end of the second phase winding coil and a negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a second phase change signal input end is connected with a base of the second phase change switch triode; a collector and an emitter of the third commutation switch triode are respectively connected with the second end of the third phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a third commutation signal input end is connected with a base of the third commutation switch triode; and a collector and an emitter of the fourth phase change switch triode are respectively connected with the second end of the fourth phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a fourth phase change signal input end is connected with a base of the fourth phase change switch triode.
Preferably, the first commutation switch triode, the second commutation switch triode, the third commutation switch triode and the fourth commutation switch triode are respectively a first field effect tube, a second field effect tube, a third field effect tube and a fourth field effect tube.
Preferably, the first commutation switch triode, the second commutation switch triode, the third commutation switch triode and the fourth commutation switch triode are respectively a first Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), a second IGBT, a third IGBT and a fourth IGBT. The invention is characterized in that:
1. the magnetic energy stored in the first phase winding coil is converted into electric energy to supply power to the second phase winding coil, the magnetic energy stored in the second phase winding coil is converted into electric energy to supply power to the third phase winding coil, the magnetic energy stored in the third phase winding coil is converted into electric energy to supply power to the fourth phase winding coil, and the magnetic energy stored in the fourth phase winding coil is converted into electric energy to supply power to the first phase winding coil.
2. Four-phase and six-phase even-phase motors convert one direct current power supply into two direct current power supply lines.
3. The method is suitable for the centralized winding motor.
The principle of the invention is specifically as follows:
by adopting a one-phase commutation mode, when a first commutation signal input end receives a first commutation signal, a first phase winding coil is powered by a second switching diode, a first commutation switching triode is conducted, a second rectifier diode is reversely biased and cut off, when a second commutation signal input end receives a second commutation signal, a second commutation switching triode is conducted, at the same time, the second end voltage of the first phase winding coil rises at the moment when the first commutation switching triode is cut off, a second rectifier diode is conducted, the first switching diode is reversely biased and cut off, the second phase winding coil is powered by the first phase winding coil, returns to the first phase winding coil through the second commutation switching triode, a seventh rectifier diode and an eighth rectifier diode, and the first phase winding coil is powered by the first switching diode until the first phase winding coil finishes discharging, the first switching diode is conducted, and the second phase winding coil is powered by the first switching diode, when the third commutation signal input end receives a third commutation signal, the third commutation switch triode is conducted, the second phase winding coil second end voltage rises at the moment when the second commutation switch triode is cut off, the fourth rectifier diode is conducted, the second switch diode is reversely biased and cut off, the third phase winding coil is powered by the second phase winding coil, returns to the second phase winding coil through the third commutation switch triode, the first rectifier diode and the second rectifier diode until the second phase winding coil is discharged, the second switch diode is conducted, the third phase winding coil is powered by the second switch diode, when the fourth commutation signal input end receives the fourth commutation signal, the fourth commutation switch triode is conducted, the third commutation switch triode cut off moment when the second phase winding coil second end voltage rises, the sixth rectifier diode is conducted, the first switching diode is reversely biased to be cut off, the fourth phase winding coil is supplied with power by the third phase winding coil, the fourth phase winding coil returns to the third phase winding coil through the fourth commutation switching triode, the third rectifier diode and the fourth rectifier diode until the third phase winding coil is discharged, the first switching diode is conducted until the first commutation signal is received at the first commutation signal input end, the first commutation switching triode is conducted, at the same time, the second end voltage of the fourth phase winding coil rises at the moment when the fourth commutation switching triode is cut off, the eighth rectifier diode is conducted, the second switching diode is reversely biased to be cut off, the first phase winding coil is supplied with power by the fourth phase winding coil, the fourth phase winding coil returns to the fourth phase winding coil through the first commutation switching triode, the fifth rectifier diode and the sixth rectifier diode until the fourth phase winding coil is discharged, the second switching diode is conducted, completing a periodic energy-saving process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the four-phase motor energy-saving circuit can make full use of the back electromotive force in the winding coil, so that the motor can save energy and electricity, and the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle can be increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of embodiment 1;
fig. 2 is a timing chart of four-phase-inversion signals according to embodiment 1.
The reference signs are: a first switching diode 1, a second switching diode 2, a first phase winding coil 4, a first commutation signal input terminal 5, a first commutation switching transistor 6, a first rectifying diode 7, a second rectifying diode 8, a second phase winding coil 9, a second commutation signal input terminal 10, a second commutation switching transistor 11, a third rectifying diode 12, a fourth rectifying diode 13, a third phase winding coil 14, a third commutation signal input terminal 15, a third commutation switching transistor 16, a fifth rectifying diode 17, a sixth rectifying diode 18, a fourth phase winding coil 19, a fourth commutation signal input terminal 20, a fourth commutation switching transistor 21, a seventh rectifying diode 22, an eighth rectifying diode 23, a first commutation signal 111, a second commutation signal 112, a third commutation signal 113, a fourth commutation signal 114, a first end of the first phase winding coil U1, a first end of the first phase winding coil, A second end U2 of the first phase winding coil, a first end V1 of the second phase winding coil, a second end V2 of the second phase winding coil, a first end W1 of the third phase winding coil, a second end W2 of the third phase winding coil, a first end X1 of the fourth phase winding coil, and a second end X2 of the fourth phase winding coil.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1: a four-phase motor energy-saving circuit comprises a first path of electronic power supply switch, a second path of electronic power supply switch, a motor winding coil, a phase change switch circuit and a rectifying circuit.
The first electronic power supply switch comprises a first switch diode 1, the second electronic power supply switch comprises a second switch diode 2, and the motor winding coil comprises a first phase winding coil 4, a second phase winding coil 9, a third phase winding coil 14 and a fourth phase winding coil 19; the commutation switch circuit comprises a first commutation signal input end 5, a second commutation signal input end 10, a third commutation signal input end 15, a fourth commutation signal input end 20, a first commutation switch triode 6, a second commutation switch triode 11, a third commutation switch triode 16 and a fourth commutation switch triode 21; the rectifying circuit comprises a first rectifying diode 7, a second rectifying diode 8, a third rectifying diode 12, a fourth rectifying diode 13, a fifth rectifying diode 17, a sixth rectifying diode 18, a seventh rectifying diode 22 and an eighth rectifying diode 23.
The anode of the first switching diode is connected with the anode of the second switching diode and then connected with the anode of the direct-current power supply; a first end U1 of the first-phase winding coil is connected with the cathode of the second switching diode, and a second end U2 of the first-phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the first rectifying diode and the anode of the second rectifying diode; the cathode of the second rectifier diode is connected with the cathode of the first switching diode and then connected with the first end V1 of the second phase winding coil; a second end V2 of the second phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the third rectifier diode and the anode of the fourth rectifier diode; and the cathode of the fourth rectifying diode is connected with the cathode of the second switching diode and then connected with the first end W1 of the third phase winding coil. A second end W2 of the third phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the fifth rectifier diode and the anode of the sixth rectifier diode; the cathode of the sixth rectifier diode is connected with the first switch diode and then connected with the first end X1 of the fourth phase winding coil, and the second end X2 of the fourth phase winding coil is respectively connected with the cathode of the seventh rectifier diode and the anode of the eighth rectifier diode; the negative electrode of the eighth rectifying diode is respectively connected with the first end of the winding coil of one phase and the negative electrode of the second switching diode; and the anode of the first rectifying diode, the anode of the third rectifying diode, the anode of the fifth rectifying diode and the anode of the seventh rectifying diode are connected and then connected with the cathode of the direct-current power supply.
A collector and an emitter of the first commutation switch triode are respectively connected with the second end of the first phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a first commutation signal input end is connected with a base of the first commutation switch triode; a collector and an emitter of the second phase change switch triode are respectively connected with a second end of the second phase winding coil and a negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a second phase change signal input end is connected with a base of the second phase change switch triode; a collector and an emitter of the third commutation switch triode are respectively connected with the second end of the third phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a third commutation signal input end is connected with a base of the third commutation switch triode; and a collector and an emitter of the fourth phase change switch triode are respectively connected with the second end of the fourth phase winding coil and the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply, and a fourth phase change signal input end is connected with a base of the fourth phase change switch triode.
The principle of this embodiment is specifically:
as shown in fig. 2, a one-phase commutation manner is adopted, when a first commutation signal input end receives a first commutation signal 111, a first phase winding coil is powered by a second switching diode, a first commutation switching triode is conducted, a second rectifier diode is reversely biased and cut off, until a second commutation signal 112 is received at a second commutation signal input end, the second commutation switching triode is conducted, at the same time, the second end voltage of the first phase winding coil rises at the moment when the first commutation switching triode is cut off, the second rectifier diode is conducted, the first switching diode is reversely biased and cut off, the second phase winding coil is powered by the first phase winding coil, returns to the first phase winding coil through the second commutation switching triode, a seventh rectifier diode and an eighth rectifier diode, until the first phase winding coil is discharged, the first switching diode is conducted, the second phase winding coil is powered by the first switching diode, when the third commutation signal input terminal receives the third commutation signal 113, the third commutation switch triode is conducted, and at the same time, the second phase winding coil second end voltage rises at the moment when the second commutation switch triode is cut off, the fourth rectifier diode is conducted, the second switch diode is reversely biased and cut off, the third phase winding coil is powered by the second phase winding coil, and returns to the second phase winding coil through the third commutation switch triode, the first rectifier diode and the second rectifier diode until the second phase winding coil is discharged, the second switch diode is conducted, the third phase winding coil is powered by the second switch diode, until the fourth commutation signal input terminal receives the fourth commutation signal 114, the fourth commutation switch triode is conducted, and at the same time, the third commutation switch triode second end voltage rises at the moment when the third commutation switch triode is cut off, the sixth rectifier diode is conducted, the first switching diode is reversely biased to be cut off, the fourth phase winding coil is supplied with power by the third phase winding coil, the fourth phase winding coil returns to the third phase winding coil through the fourth commutation switching triode, the third rectifier diode and the fourth rectifier diode until the third phase winding coil is discharged, the first switching diode is conducted until the first commutation signal input end receives the first commutation signal 111, the first commutation switching triode is conducted, at the same time, the second end voltage of the fourth phase winding coil rises at the moment when the fourth commutation switching triode is cut off, the eighth rectifier diode is conducted, the second switching diode is reversely biased to be cut off, the first phase winding coil is supplied with power by the fourth phase winding coil, the fourth phase winding coil returns to the fourth phase winding coil through the first commutation switching triode, the fifth rectifier diode and the sixth rectifier diode until the fourth phase winding coil is discharged, the second switching diode is conducted, completing a periodic energy-saving process.
Example 2
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the first commutation switch triode, the second commutation switch triode, the third commutation switch triode and the fourth commutation switch triode are respectively a first field effect transistor, a second field effect transistor, a third field effect transistor and a fourth field effect transistor.
Example 3
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the first commutation switch triode, the second commutation switch triode, the third commutation switch triode and the fourth commutation switch triode are respectively a first IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor, a second IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor, a third IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor and a fourth IGBT insulated gate bipolar transistor. The raw materials and equipment used in the invention are common raw materials and equipment in the field if not specified; the methods used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise specified.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, alterations and equivalents of the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.