CN102358391A

CN102358391A - Micro-power consumption electric bicycle controller

Info

Publication number: CN102358391A
Application number: CN2011102023729A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郁百超
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-07-19
Filing date: 2011-07-19
Publication date: 2012-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2031-07-19
Also published as: CN102358391B

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-power consumption electric bicycle controller, which employs a variable-amplitude control method to regulate the speeds of a brushed direct current motor and a brushless direct current motor. The micro-power consumption electric bicycle controller is mainly characterized in that: all output power can be obtained by performing traditional power conversion on a small part of input power, namely actual power conversion is not required to be performed on the most part of the input power, a magnetic core transformer or inductor is not required to transfer the input power, and the input power directly reaches an output end to become the output power; the conversion efficiency can be 100 percent; pulse width modulation (PWM) is not performed on a main power component and electromagnetic interference (EMI) is not generated; the circuit is simple, so that the micro-power consumption electric bicycle controller is low in power consumption, long in service life, safe, reliable, energy-saving and environment-friendly; and the cost, the volume, the weight, and the power consumption of the micro-power consumption electric bicycle controller are 1/10 of those of the conventional electric bicycle controller.

Description

Little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver.

Background technology

Fig. 1 circuit is that the brush DC motor controller is arranged, and its core is the PWM pulse duration modulation, adopts control chip TL494, has comprised storage battery under-voltage protection, over current of motor protection, brake outage, electric weight demonstration etc. in addition.H is high step-down type Hall speed control handle, and by unclamping when screwing, its mouth can obtain the voltage of 4V-1V.This voltage is added to the 2. pin of TL494, compares with 1. pin voltage, obtains widened pulse at 8. pin.2. pin voltage is low more, and 8. the low level part of the widened pulse of pin output is wide more, and motor speed is high more, and potential device VR2 is used for zero-speed to be regulated, and the motor stall was after some when adjusting VR2 unclamped handle.The 36V input voltage directly gets into motor, when metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 saturation conduction through after the KEY1; Motor has electric current to pass through to rotate, and when Q2 ended, motor added the 36V battery tension and no longer supplies power; But because of the existence of inductance L 1 with capacitor C 1, C2, C3, still have electric current to pass through in the motor, motor still rotates; The speed that motor rotates is by the vdc decision through motor, and vdc is the pulse width decision by Q2 output.The degree of tightness of the handle Hall H of control rate has determined the pulsewidth of Q2 output voltage.

Fig. 2 circuit is the permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine controller, and its core also is the PWM pulse duration modulation, adopts control chip MC33035.Main process chip according to the brushless motor motor suddenly the ear signal Shang Sanlu is provided with following three tunnel metal-oxide-semiconductor driving circuit selectively open and close, accomplish motor commutation.Simultaneously, the carrier signal of the big young pathbreaker's corresponding pulses of the input voltage width of claiming suddenly according to handle is mixed with three road metal-oxide-semiconductor Continuity signals down, to reach the purpose of controlling motor speed.The control of brushless motor has 2 hall devices, the switching-over of motor Hall control vdc, handle Hall control motor speed.

The amplitude of output pulse is exactly the terminal voltage of the monolateral decline of storage battery, and during normal operation, metal-oxide-semiconductor IRF3205 exports the pulse train ripple in a commutation cycle, and the number of this pulse wave is by work decision frequently.Accumulator voltage is low more, or rate request is when high more, and the output pulse is wide more, and dutycycle is big more; This is that speed is big more because the rotating speed of DC machine determines that by the input direct voltage value voltage is high more; When accumulator voltage drops to certain value, or speed is when bringing up to certain value, pulse width; Or dutycycle is 100%, and promptly output is vdc, no longer is the pulse train ripple.

The conventional electric bicycle controller generally adopts the Buck circuit topography, and no matter brush or brshless DC motor are arranged, and the method for speed governing all is the amplitude of regulating input direct voltage; In above-mentioned two kinds of controllers, the control of speed, the i.e. adjusting of vdc amplitude; Be to accomplish by the dutycycle that changes the widened pulse square wave; Its method of work is, at first all becomes the high-frequency square wave to a kind of vdc of input, uses big capacitor filtering then; Become another kind of vdc, this method has following defect:

1) method of employing pulse duration modulation, the production process of high-frequency, high-power square wave, just strong EMI disturbs the process that produces, and DC converter is equivalent to a high frequency power launch pad, can infer, and the interference that is produced is what serious.

2) in the power conversion process, the whole of horsepower input must carry out actual Power Conversion, and the power of all conversion must could arrive mouth through core transformers or inductance transmission, and loss is big, and efficient is low.

Summary of the invention

Little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver at first produces a vdc stable, that amplitude is variable according to the position of Hall speed control handle, then this vdc is directly introduced motor.For the brush DC machine is arranged, get final product with a dc switch, for brshless DC motor, adopt the three-phase bridge switch, the switch here only is a switch, does not have high-frequency loss in all senses.Because in a commutation cycle, what switching valve IRF3205 exported is vdc forever, but not the pulse train ripple.The circuit of a vdc stable, that amplitude is variable of this generation is exactly the direct current amplitude transformer.

Fig. 3 is a direct current amplitude transformer functional block diagram, when input voltage is within rated range (by the determining positions of Hall speed control handle), needn't carry out any Power Conversion, and input voltage directly arrives mouth, becomes output voltage.When input voltage during greater than rated voltage, through the voltage cutting circuit, greater than rated voltage that partly voltage scale off, carry out the conventional power conversion, be transformed into the vdc of specified output, together with cutting left that part vdc and line output.When input voltage during less than rated voltage; Through voltage compensating circuit; Compensate that part vdc less than rated voltage in the input voltage, promptly produce an offset voltage by equalizer circuit, this voltage is the poor of rated voltage and input voltage just; Be superimposed upon on the input voltage, promptly output voltage is input voltage and offset voltage sum.

The amplitude of the vdc Vo of above-mentioned amplitude transformer output is that the amplitude of Vo has determined rotating speed of motor according to the determining positions of Hall speed control handle.Similar with the frequency converter that adopts the method adjusting alternating current dynamo speed that changes the input voltage frequency, adopt the method that changes the input voltage amplitude to regulate motor speed here, so claim amplitude transformer.

Little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver is made up of the direct current amplitude transformer, and the direct current amplitude transformer is made up of FET Q1-Q4 and peripheral element, the drain electrode of FET Q2, Q3; Anode with diode D1, D2; All be connected together with the different name end of inductance L 1, the negative electrode of diode D1 connects the end of the same name of inductance L 1 through the drain-source utmost point of FET Q1, simultaneously through capacitor C 2 ground connection; The negative electrode of diode D2 connects the end of the same name of inductance L 1 through capacitor C 1; Through the drain-source utmost point and capacitor C 3 ground connection of FET Q4, the source electrode of FET Q2 is through resistance R 1 ground connection, the source ground of FET Q3 simultaneously; Drive signal V1-V4 is respectively the gate drive signal of FET Q1-Q4, and input voltage V5 is connected between the end of the same name and ground of inductance L 1.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 tradition has brush direct current drive bicycle controller;

Fig. 2 conventional permanent magnet brushless direct current drive bicycle controller;

The little power consumption voltage of Fig. 3 bicycle controller functional block diagram;

Fig. 4 direct-current voltage reducing circuit;

Each point voltage simulation waveform of Fig. 5 direct-current voltage reducing circuit;

Fig. 6 DC voltage booster circuit;

Each point voltage simulation waveform of Fig. 7 DC voltage booster circuit;

Fig. 8 amplitude transformer schematic circuit;

Fig. 9 amplitude transformer side circuit;

The little power consumption Electrical Bicycle of Figure 10 has the brush DC motor controller;

The little power consumption Electrical Bicycle of Figure 11 permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine controller;

Figure 12 battery discharging characteristic curve;

Fig. 4 voltage cutting circuit, V3 are the gate drive signals of N type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, and frequency 100KHz, Q1 are P type metal-oxide-semiconductors, and its gate drive signal V1 is identical with V3, and polarity is opposite, and V2=13.5V is an input voltage, requires output voltage V o=15V.

When V3 is high level, the Q2 saturation conduction, input direct voltage V2 is through 1 charging of 1 pair of inductance L of resistance R; Linear the increasing of electric current that L1 is last stored electric energy, during this period simultaneously; The source voltage of Q2, promptly output voltage V o is by the gate drive signal clamper, and the voltage on the inductance L 1 is by the pulsewidth decision of V2.

When V3 was low level, Q2 ended, and, charged at the end to capacitor C 2 chargings through diode D1 in the voltage stack back on input voltage V2 and the inductance L 1, and the voltage on the capacitor C 2 is higher than input voltage V2.When next cycle arrived, jointly to inductance L 1 charging, process of charging was in aforementioned through resistance R 1 for voltage on the capacitor C 2 and input voltage V2.1 couple of output voltage V o of capacitor C plays smoothing effect, because the source voltage of Q2 is followed the tracks of grid potential, so the amplitude of its gate drive signal is answered the high gate source voltage Vgs of specific output voltage Vo.

During the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 saturation conduction, input voltage V2=13.5V, output voltage V o=12V; Ignore the Q2 tube voltage drop, then the pressure drop on the inductance L 1 should be a little more than 1.5V, between the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 off period; The pressure drop reversal of poles that L1 is last with input voltage V2 stack (about 15V), is charged to greater than input voltage V2 the voltage on the capacitor C 1; Because Q1, Q2 are synchronous; When next cycle begins, voltage on the capacitor C 1 and input voltage V2 simultaneously green phase with the path L1 is charged, on load resistor R1, produce output voltage V o.Because when the cycle began, the voltage on the capacitor C 1 was higher than input voltage V2, the voltage on the capacitor C 1 is on the one hand through L1, Q2, R1 discharge, on the other hand to battery charge.When the voltage on the C1 discharge into be lower than input voltage V2 after, separately L1 is charged by V2.

Said process goes round and begins again, and during the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 saturation conduction, is equivalent to cut down the 12V among the input voltage 13.5V as output voltage V o; Between the metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 off period; Remaining 1.5V add input voltage 13.5V altogether 15V leave in the capacitor C 1, when next cycle begins, leave 15V voltage in the capacitor C 1 in input voltage; To the electrically-charged while of L1, also on load resistor R1, form output voltage V o.In whole process, the 12V in the 13.5V input voltage directly becomes horsepower output, this partly the conversion efficiency of power can be considered 100%, residue 1.5V is transferred in the capacitor C 1, regenerates or feeds back.

Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2 gate drive signal is a high frequency square wave, and its source electrode is connected to load resistor R1 and the big capacitor C 2 of filtering, for high-frequency signal; The source electrode of Q2 is equivalent to ground connection, and the therefore actual voltage that carries out or participate in the PWM pulse duration modulation only has only 1.5V, and output voltage is 12V; Directly confirmed " as long as carry out Power Conversion to the very small portion in the horsepower input; just can obtain whole horsepower outputs, promptly the exhausted major part in the horsepower input both needn't have been participated in actual Power Conversion, also needn't pass through core transformers or inductance transmission; directly arrive mouth, become horsepower output ".Fig. 5 is the simulation waveform of each point voltage of voltage cutting circuit, is successively from top to bottom: input voltage Vi, output voltage V o.

Fig. 6 is the vdc equalizer circuit, establishes input voltage Vi=10.5V, requires output voltage V o=12V, and this circuit produces an offset voltage Vc=1.5V, is superimposed upon on the input voltage, makes output voltage equal 12V.V2 is the gate drive signal of power MOS pipe Q2, is the square-wave signal of 100KHz, and V1 is an input direct voltage.Behind the circuit start, the Q2 saturation conduction, cell pressure V1 charges to inductance L 1 through the drain-source utmost point of Q2, and inductive current is linear to be increased, and the energy that stores in the inductance is on the increase, and meanwhile, the voltage on the capacitor C 2 discharges to load R2.After the half period, Q2 ends, and the electric energy that is stored in the inductance L 1 charges to capacitor C 1 through diode in the body of Q1.The last voltage of C1 is superimposed upon on the cell pressure V1, in load resistor R2 power supply, also to capacitor C 2 chargings.Fig. 7 is the simulation waveform of each point voltage, is successively from top to bottom: output voltage V o, input voltage Vi, offset voltage Vc.Can see that from figure output voltage V o (12V) is input voltage Vi (10.5V) and offset voltage Vc (1.5V) sum.

Power MOS pipe Q1 does not have drive signal, and that is that its saturation voltage drop is little, and is big through electric current because only utilize the forward characteristic of diode in the power MOS pipe Q1 body.Fig. 7 is the simulation waveform of each point voltage, is successively from top to bottom: output voltage V o, input voltage Vi, offset voltage Vc.

Fig. 8 is the amplitude transformer schematic circuit; Power tube Q1, Q2, two are by pipe D1, inductance L 1, capacitor C 2, R1 the has formed reduction voltage circuit identical with Fig. 1; Power tube Q3, Q4, inductance L 1, diode D2, capacitor C 1, C3 has formed identical booster circuit with Fig. 3; Input voltage is added between the end of the same name and ground of inductance L 1, and output voltage obtains at the source electrode of Q2, Q4.When input voltage is within rated value, have only Q2 each conducting of satisfying, input voltage is through the drain-source utmost point of inductance L 1 and metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2, directly output on resistance R 1; When input voltage during greater than rated value, Q3, Q4 end, and the input high potential can not arrive output end vo, behind the step-down voltage of forming through Q1, Q2 and peripheral element, at the source electrode output rated voltage of Q2; When input voltage during less than rated value, Q1, Q2 end, and the Q4 saturation conduction behind the booster circuit of being made up of Q3 and peripheral element, is exported at end points Vo through the drain-source utmost point of Q4.

Fig. 9 is the amplitude transformer side circuit that is connected to pwm chip UC1825.Power MOS pipe Q1, Q2, inductance L 1, diode D2, resistance R 16 capacitor C 18 etc. have been formed the voltage cutting circuit; Identical with Fig. 4 circuit; Power MOS pipe Q3, Q4, inductance L 1, diode D3, capacitor C 2 etc. have been formed voltage compensating circuit, and be identical with Fig. 6 circuit.Comparator U2, U3 compare input voltage V2, obtain VREF (Voltage Reference) Vz after V2 process resistance R 1, the R19 dividing potential drop, and Vz connects the in-phase input end of U2 and the inverting input of U3 simultaneously; When the VREF (Voltage Reference) Vz that represents input voltage V2 during greater than U2 end of oppisite phase VREF (Voltage Reference) Vx (regulate resistance R 2, R7, make the upper limit of the corresponding output voltage V o of Vx), U2 exports high level; S1 connects, and pulse width modulating chip drive signal output pin OUT_A receives the grid of power MOS pipe Q2, carries out the voltage cutting operation; Make output voltage V o less than its upper voltage limit; Meanwhile, the high level of U2 output is added to the base stage of aerotron Q3 through diode D1, R7, Q3 each conducting of satisfying; Its collecting electrode low level, switch S 2 is broken off; When the VREF (Voltage Reference) Vz that represents input voltage Vi during less than U3 in-phase end VREF (Voltage Reference) Vy (regulate resistance R 12, R23, make the lower limit of the corresponding output voltage V o of Vy), U3 exports high level; S3 connects, and pulse width modulating chip drive signal output pin OUT_A receives the grid of power MOS pipe Q4, carries out the voltage compensation operation; Make output voltage V o greater than its lower voltage limit; Meanwhile, the high level of U3 output is added to the base stage of aerotron Q3 through diode D2, R15, Q3 each conducting of satisfying; Its collecting electrode low level, switch S 2 is broken off; When the VREF (Voltage Reference) Vz that represents input voltage Vi less than U2 end of oppisite phase VREF (Voltage Reference) Vx, during greater than U3 end of oppisite phase VREF (Voltage Reference) Vy, U2, U3 be output low level; Q3 ends, its collecting electrode output high level, and S2 connects; 18V voltage V1 receives the grid of Q2; The Q2 saturation conduction, input voltage Vi keeps between the upper and lower limit of Vo output voltage V o through the former limit output of TX1.

The result of above-mentioned control process is: input voltage Vz is during greater than reference voltage V x, less than reference voltage V y; Little power consumption direct current stabilizer carries out voltage cutting or voltage compensation operation; Output voltage V o is remained within the rated range; Be that output voltage V o remains on the reference voltage be to change in the scope at center; The amplitude of Vx, Vy has been represented this variation range, because the amplitude of voltage Vx, Vy can artificially be provided with, so the variation range of output voltage V o (precision or regulation) also can artificially be provided with.

The source electrode of the mouth Q2 of voltage cutting circuit and the mouth of voltage compensating circuit (drain electrode of Q1 and resistance R 13) are connected together, and form the output end vo of complete machine jointly; As input voltage Vz during greater than Vx, less than Vy, switch S 1, S3 are failure to actuate, and pulsewidth drive signal OUT_A adds the grid less than Q2, Q4; During this period; Switch S 2 action, high level V1 is added to the grid of the power MOS pipe Q2 of voltage cutting circuit, makes the Q2 normal open; Become a dc switch, input voltage Vi extremely directly arrives output end vo through the Q2 drain-source of saturation conduction.

Velocity pick-up hall device among Fig. 9 is high step-down type Hall speed controller, is from control signals such as throttle, gear shift, brakings, and by unclamping when compressing, its mouth can obtain the voltage of 4V-1V.This voltage is added to the NI pin of UC1825, compares with INV pin voltage, obtains widened pulse at OUTA, OUTB pin.NI pin voltage is low more, and the low level part of the widened pulse of OUTA, the output of OUTB pin is wide more, and the amplitude transformer output voltage is high more, and motor speed is fast more, and resistance R 8 is used for zero-speed and regulates.

Little power consumption buck converter, little power consumption booster converter that Electric Bicycle Driver adopts are the direct current amplitude transformer, and its topmost characteristics are that exhausted most horsepower input is not participated in actual Power Conversion; Directly arrive mouth; Become horsepower output, the conversion efficiency of this exhausted most horsepower input can be considered 100%, has only the very small portion horsepower input must carry out actual Power Conversion; This very small portion horsepower input carries out Power Conversion; The watt loss that is produced is very little certainly, and this very little watt loss is converted into whole input voltage, and to carry out the watt loss ratio of Power Conversion littler certainly, thereby the efficient of complete machine Power Conversion is very high.

The specific embodiment

The specific embodiment 1

Figure 10 is the side circuit that little power consumption has brush DC motor bicycle controller, has brush direct current drive machine controller to compare with Fig. 1:

1) after battery tension, increased the direct current amplitude transformer of forming by metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1-Q4, L1, D1, D2, C1, C2, C3,

2) input voltage of accessory feed still connects storage battery.

3) the handlebar Hall moves on to the amplitude transformer the inside;

4) pin 1 of TL494 connects fixed voltage, 8 output of pin make-and-break signal, and the control motor is walked to stop, and no longer bandwidth signals is transferred in output;

5) terminal voltage of storage battery is no longer taken from the DC supply of Q2 (IRF3205), but takes from the output dc voltage Vo of amplitude transformer.

The specific embodiment 2

Figure 11 is the side circuit of little power consumption brushless, permanently excited direct current motor bicycle controller, compares with Fig. 2 brushless motor controller:

2) input voltage of power supply chip 7815 still connects storage battery.

3) the handlebar Hall moves on to the amplitude transformer the inside;

4) pin 14 of MC33035 connects fixed voltage, and the switching-over control signal that 14,2,1 and 19,20,21 output motor Halls of pin produce no longer produces and transfers bandwidth signals;

5) terminal voltage of storage battery is no longer taken from the DC supply of 6 IRF3205, but takes from the output dc voltage Vo of amplitude transformer.

Figure 12 is the battery discharging characteristic curve, and in the discharge process of 0.2C, accumulator voltage changes between the 12.7V at 11.3V, requires now the series connected output voltage stabilization of 4 joint storage batterys at 48V.

1) when input voltage during greater than rated voltage; The voltage cutting circuit start; The storage battery maximum voltage is 50.8V, and input voltage is than high (the 50.8-48)/48=5.83% of rated voltage, and what exceed among the input voltage Vi 5.83% is scaled off by clipper circuit; This part that scales off will be carried out Power Conversion, is transformed into the output of rated value voltage.If conversion efficiency is 90%, establishes and scale off this partly watt loss Pq of voltage in carrying out power conversion process:

2)Pq＝5.83％*(1-90％)＝0.0583*0.1＝0.00583＝0.583％，

3) hence one can see that, and scaling off this part voltage loss in power conversion process is 0.583%.Very big part voltage after input voltage is cut; Its amplitude equals rated voltage; Directly arrive mouth, through any Power Conversion, its conversion efficiency not can be considered 100% to this a part of voltage itself; So the overall loss of whole voltage cutting circuit also are 0.583%, then its net effciency is 99.417%.

4) when input voltage during less than rated voltage; Voltage cutting circuit start, storage battery minimum voltage are 45.6V, and input voltage is than low (the 48-45.6)/48=5.00% of rated voltage; Specific output voltage hangs down 5.00% being compensated by equalizer circuit of among the input voltage Vi; The acquisition of offset voltage will be carried out Power Conversion, and establishing conversion efficiency is 90%, the watt loss Pb in the power conversion process that the acquisition offset voltage is carried out;

5)Pb＝5.00％*(1-90％)＝0.05*0.1＝0.005＝0.5％，

6) hence one can see that, undertaken in the power conversion process by obtaining offset voltage, and loss is 0.5%.This does not have input voltage Vi in the voltage compensation process through any Power Conversion; Directly arrive mouth from input end, become the most of horsepower output, its conversion efficiency can be considered 100%; So the overall loss of whole voltage cutting circuit also are 0.5%, then its net effciency is 99.5%.

7) when input voltage is within rated range; The grid of power MOS pipe Q1 (please refer to Fig. 6) in the voltage cutting circuit adds high-level control signal; Then Q1 is a dc switch, and input direct voltage Vi directly arrives mouth, and overall efficiency can be considered 100%.

8), three kinds of different efficiency are arranged, 99.417%, 99.5%, 100% with respect to three kinds of different running mode; Because little power consumption direct current stabilizer is a moment; Have only a kind of operational mode, the efficient in above-mentioned three kinds of patterns all is overall efficiency, and this just means; Operate under the different mode, overall efficiency is different.If average, then overall efficiency is 99.652%.

9) in the efficiency calculation process of voltage cutting and voltage compensation, all be the data when adopting worst case, i.e. maximum voltage 50.8V and minimum voltage 45.6V.Can find out that from the battery discharging characteristic curve of Fig. 7 the discharge time of maximum voltage and minimum voltage is very short, the long discharge time is not got the data of worst case still at steady discharge range during computational efficiency, and it is more reasonable to get the intermediate value data.When getting the intermediate value data, the maximum sparking voltage of sparking voltage value is: (50.8-48)/2+48=1.4+48=49.4V, minimum sparking voltage is: 48-(48-45.6)/2=48-1.2=46.8; Carrying out result calculated with these data by the method for calculating of above-mentioned efficient is: Pq=0.0292; Pb=0.025, so trigger voltage when cutting, overall efficiency is 99.708%; During the trigger voltage compensation, overall efficiency is 99.775%.

10) the amplitude transformer power circuit does not adopt the PWM conversion, but utilizes the method for voltage cutting and voltage compensation, and stable DC voltage is a big characteristic of little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver.Although the fluctuation range of input voltage Vi is positive and negative 5.417%; But the sparking voltage of storage battery is the longest in the time of 12.35V-11.7V (single battery); Be that overall efficiency is the longest near 100% time; So in real-world operation, overall efficiency is 99.417% more much higher than above-mentioned estimation, very near 100%.

It is that the amplitude of Vo has determined rotating speed of motor, presses the amplitude transformer galvanic current Vo to introduce the dc switch of motor in good time according to the determining positions of Hall speed control handle that the galvanic current that amplitude transformer produces is pressed the amplitude of Vo; Being 6 metal-oxide-semiconductor IRF3205 among Fig. 8, no longer is the output device of widened pulse, no longer includes the high-frequency loss of going up in all senses; Watt loss only has only saturation voltage drop, makes dc switch as adopting metal-oxide-semiconductor IRFP4004, and its saturated drain-source resistance is 1.7 milliohms only; Through the 20A electric current; Pressure drop 0.034V, for the 36V accumulator voltage, its actual power dissipation is 9/10000ths.

The amplitude of the stable DC voltage Vo of amplitude transformer output, by the determining positions of Hall speed control handle, and irrelevant with the terminal voltage of storage battery, when accumulator voltage dropped to 33V by 42V is monolateral, the output voltage V o of amplitude transformer still can keep rated value constant.After Electrical Bicycle adopted amplitude transformer, its speed was only relevant with the limit speed of motor, and irrelevant to accumulator voltage.

Amplitude transformer is applicable to that all have brush DC motor, brushless, permanently excited direct current motor (BDCM), switched reluctance motor (SR), bisalient-pole permanent-magnet electrical motor speed control such as (DSPM), exempt the storage battery voltage pre regulator simultaneously.

Claims

1. little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver, it is characterized in that: little power consumption Electric Bicycle Driver is made up of the direct current amplitude transformer, and the direct current amplitude transformer is made up of FET Q1-Q4 and peripheral element; The anode of the drain electrode of FET Q2, Q3 and diode D1, D2 and the different name end of inductance L 1 all are connected together; The negative electrode of diode D1 connects the end of the same name of inductance L 1 through the drain-source utmost point of FET Q1; Simultaneously through capacitor C 2 ground connection, the negative electrode of diode D2 connects the end of the same name of inductance L 1 through capacitor C 1, simultaneously the drain-source utmost point and capacitor C 3 ground connection through FET Q4; The source electrode of FET Q2 is through resistance R 1 ground connection, the source ground of FET Q3; Drive signal V1-V4 is respectively the gate drive signal of FET Q1-Q4, and input voltage V5 is connected between the end of the same name and ground of inductance L 1.