CN106291447A - A kind of missile-borne beacon system - Google Patents
A kind of missile-borne beacon system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106291447A CN106291447A CN201610786208.XA CN201610786208A CN106291447A CN 106291447 A CN106291447 A CN 106291447A CN 201610786208 A CN201610786208 A CN 201610786208A CN 106291447 A CN106291447 A CN 106291447A
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- uwb
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- borne
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
- G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
- G01S1/68—Marker, boundary, call-sign, or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information
- G01S1/685—Marker, boundary, call-sign, or like beacons transmitting signals not carrying directional information using pulse modulation, e.g. pulse frequency modulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of missile-borne beacon system, including 2.4GHz communication module, logic control element, UWB pulse generator, Anneta module, power module and local clock unit；2.4GHz communication module receives the startup positioning instruction that control base station, ground sends, and sends logic control element to；Logic control element judges whether the self-curing identity coding of beacon bullet mates with the localizer beacon bullet ID started in positioning instruction, if coupling, then generates control logic by numerical time and is sent to UWB pulse generator；UWB pulse generator, under the triggering controlling logic, completes the generation of UWB pulse train data frame signal；Anneta module is to external radiation UWB pulse train data frame signal；Power module provides electric energy for missile-borne beacon system；Local clock unit provides local clock for missile-borne beacon system.The present invention is suitable for the hop location of High-velocity Projectiles, and little being suitable for of volume is installed and used on bullet.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to trajectory estimate and field of locating technology, be specifically related to a kind of missile-borne beacon system.
Background technology
When using super-broadband tech to carry out trajectory estimate with location, UWB label need to be loaded in bullet and believe as missile-borne
Mark base station earthward and send framing signal, during ground base station is sent to via cable after the framing signal that label sends being detected again
Central processor, is detected bullet in real time by corresponding location algorithm.
In bullet wireless location problem, conventional missile-borne beacon is radar beacon, GPS beacon and ″Beidou″ beacon.Radar
In target, installing Radio Beacon or response function are greatly prolonged the operating distance of primary radar, improve capacity of resisting disturbance, reduce target
The impact of echo flicker and the restriction of cross section of radar targets, it is provided that target recognition means, be applied in trajectory measurement, thunder
Reach beacon and can provide the accurate location of target, speed, draw ballistic trajectory, but radar beacon is affected greatly by target property, right
High motor-driven bullet measurement capability is weak, it is achieved in the case of multitube, many big guns salvo, the technical difficulty of bullet stream Miss distance measurement is big.GPS
In use carry out difference without setting up base station with ″Beidou″ beacon, unification of the motherland set up beacon station, i.e. base station, no
The disconnected RTCM-104 differential signal broadcasting standard with certain frequency, as long as user has a beacon GPS/ Beidou receiver, just
Differential positioning can be carried out, can preferably utilize resource, cost-effective.But it is longer that GPS/ Big Dipper location needs to search magnitude
Start set-up procedure, be not suitable for the hop location of High-velocity Projectiles, and volume is big, it is difficult to install and use on bullet.
Summary of the invention
The problem existed for prior art and urgent technical need, the present invention provides a kind of missile-borne beacon system, utilizes
UWB label produces and sends nanosecond or the radio transmission capabilities of subnanosecond level ultra-narrow pulse and has the bandwidth of GHz magnitude, anti-
Interference, the advantage that volume is little, low in energy consumption, penetration power is strong, launch UWB pulse train coding signal, it is achieved the identification of bullet identity
With location.
For realizing the technology of the present invention purpose, present invention employs following technical scheme:
A kind of missile-borne beacon system, including 2.4GHz communication module, logic control element, UWB pulse generator, antenna mould
Block, power module and local clock unit；
2.4GHz communication module is for receiving the startup positioning instruction that control base station, ground sends, and sends logic control to
Unit；Logic control element is used for judging identity coding and the localizer beacon bullet in startup positioning instruction that beacon bullet is self-curing
Whether No. ID mate, if coupling, then generates by numerical time and controls logic and be sent to UWB pulse generator；UWB pulse generation
Device is for, under the triggering controlling logic, completing the generation of UWB pulse train data frame signal；Anneta module is for external radiation
UWB pulse train data frame signal；Power module is for providing electric energy for missile-borne beacon system；Local clock unit is used for as bullet
Information carrying mark system provides local clock.
The Advantageous Effects of the present invention is embodied in:
The present invention utilizes UWB label to produce and sends nanosecond or the radio transmission capabilities of subnanosecond level ultra-narrow pulse and tool
There are the bandwidth of GHz magnitude, the advantage anti-interference, volume is little, low in energy consumption, penetration power is strong, it installed additional after consolidation process integrated
In projectile head blast cap, launch UWB pulse train coding signal, it is achieved the identification of bullet identity and location.Due to UWB beacon
Directly to Base Transmitter signal, it is not necessary to search star by satellite and position, so being suitable for the hop location of High-velocity Projectiles.Whole
System bulk is little, is very suitable for installing and using on bullet.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that UWB positions label construction block diagram；
Fig. 2 is that 2.4GHz communication module " is started by 2.4GHz channel transfer for receiving control base station, ground
Location " command frame structure chart；
Fig. 3 is when judging need label to start and send UWB pulse train, in the cooperation of local precision clock module
Under, the UWB data frame structure figure sent；
Fig. 4 is to represent binary data " 0 " or " 1 " by the relative time-intervals of 3 pulses, UWB pulse-position modulation
Data bit structure chart；
Fig. 5 is that Logic control module realizes structure chart；
Fig. 6 is the power supply required voltage change-over circuit figure meeting label；
Fig. 7 is that " pagoda " is designed in the space that UWB label profile is constituted according to the blast cap corresponding with bullet profile and housing
Type structure chart.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.If additionally, technical characteristic involved in each embodiment of invention described below
The conflict of not constituting each other just can be mutually combined.
Fig. 1 is missile-borne beacon system functional structure chart of the present invention.Missile-borne beacon system includes 2.4GHz communication module, logic
Control unit, UWB pulse generator, Anneta module, power module and local clock, as shown in Figure 1.2.4GHz communication module is used
In receiving " starting location " instruction that control base station, ground sends, and result notification logic control unit will be received；Logic control
Unit is the core of whole tag system, for coordinating the coordinated operation of abstract factory various parts, and presses numerical time control
UWB pulse generator processed sends UWB pulse signal；UWB pulse generator is the generation unit of label UWB pulse sequence signal,
Under the triggering controlling logic, complete the generation of UWB pulse train Frame；Local clock unit provides accurately for tag system
Local clock, be effectively ensured UWB pulse signal timing send；Anneta module is for external radiation UWB signal；Power module
Electric energy is provided for tag system.
Below each module is described in detail:
(1) 2.4GHz Communication Module Design
On UWB label, 2.4GHz communication module is for receiving what control base station, ground was come by 2.4GHz channel transfer
" start and position " command frame, as in figure 2 it is shown, when receiving this and " starting and position " command frame, now network type target area inspection target is described
Processing system wishes to snap into beacon row one-time positioning, if the self-curing identity coding of beacon bullet and the location in command frame
Beacon bullet ID coupling, the most at this moment label can launch the UWB pulse sequence signal of regulation under controlling logical action.As the world
The open standard frequency used, has a large amount of ripe 2.4GHz communication module in the market, and present example selects SZ05 system
Row wireless built Miniaturized Communications module.This product band occupancy scope is 2400MHz～2483MHz, uses direct sequence to expand
Frequently technology, has the strongest capacity of resisting disturbance, and the data being wirelessly transferred can complete transmitting-receiving by general RS232 interface, the highest
Communication baud rate, up to 115200bps, is supported maximum data packet a size of 256 byte, is met the data transportation requirements of native system,
Meanwhile, this module has the communications distance of 2000 meters, and power adjustable, and the communication distance also meeting native system 1 kilometer is wanted
Ask.By the software design patterns to SZ05 communication module, communication network can be set to broadcast mode, wherein control base station in ground is made
Launching " starting location " command frame for broadcast node, each beacon bullet label receives as broadcast reception node and instructs, and in good time
Start follow-up corresponding UWB signal and launch flow process.
(2) Logic control module
Logic control module is the control core of tag system, and it is passed by RS232 interface 2.4GHz communication module
" starting location " instruction passed, when judging need label to start and send UWB pulse train, in local precision clock module
Cooperation under, send the UWB data frame structure shown in Fig. 3.UWB Frame is made up of 19 bit data positions, and 1-2bit position is initial
Flag bit, 3-12bit position is identity ID, and 13-15bit position is position pulse position, and 16-17 position is data check position, 18-19biti
Position is end mark position.Bits per inch is according to using UWB pulse-position modulation mode to realize, and the most each bit position is made up of 3 UWB pulses,
Representing binary data " 0 " or " 1 " by the relative time-intervals of these 3 pulses, data bit structure is as shown in Figure 4.Whole
The persistent period of bit digit pulse is 15us, if data bit structure presents front short rear long shape, i.e. pulse 1 and the interval of pulse 2
Time is less than 5us, and pulse 2 is more than 10us with the interval time of pulse 3, then states binary data " 0 ", whereas if data
Bit architecture presents that the front part is long and the back is short shape, the i.e. interval time of pulse 1 and pulse 2 are more than 10us, during the interval of pulse 2 and pulse 3
Between less than 5us, then state binary data " 1 ", thus, multiple data bit are combined, and i.e. constitute complete UWB data
Frame.Logic control element is according to UWB data frame information to be sent, according to pulse-position modulation mechanism, in the regulation moment to UWB pulse
Generator module sends and triggers signal, starts UWB pulse generator module and generates UWB pulse train, completes UWB pulse code and adjusts
System.Wherein dominant frequency rate requirement need to be more than 200MHz.Owing in Figure 12, two time intervals interpulse for adjacent UWB are not less than
5us, for ensureing to launch the sequential relationship between UWB pulse train, the time precision triggering signal should be not less than 0.005us, and this is just
The dominant frequency requiring logic control element reaches more than 200MHz, utilizes common fpga chip easily to realize, and Altera is public
The Cyclone II type fpga chip dominant frequency that department produces can reach 260MHz, fully meets the place of native system Logic control module
Reason rate request, simultaneously because FPGA has functional module programmability flexibly, can be patrolled being internally embedded by software
Collect the RS232 interface required for control unit, CPU and trigger all functions such as pulse output interface, it is not necessary to adding other volume
Outer device, meets the Miniaturization Design requirement of label.Realize structure as shown in Figure 5.
(3) UWB pulse generator
Under the triggering of Logic control module controls, produce a nanosecond or the UWB pulse of subnanosecond level in the regulation moment.
In example, pulsewidth 1ns, bandwidth is not less than 1GHz.The impulse waveform that UWB system is general has raised cosine pulse, polycycle pulse ripple
The forms such as shape, Gaussian pulse and each rank differential thereof, these waveforms have the widest spectrum width.Wherein Gaussian pulse can be direct
Change waveform by adjusting the pulse shaping factor, simultaneously can also by original pulse differential is obtained more multi-form, because of
This preferred Gaussian pulse signal is as the UWB signal form of the present invention.
(4) UWB antenna
Anneta module is for external radiation UWB signal, and its operating distance is not less than 1Km, and frequency domain rises and falls less than 5dB, hemisphere
Omnidirectional covers.According to UWB signal feature, UWB dual-mode antenna does not require nothing more than big bandwidth, i.e. has good in the widest frequency range
Good standing-wave ratio and higher gain, require the time delay of different frequency signals in bandwidth range basically identical simultaneously,
This proposes the highest requirement to Antenna Design.The quality of UWB dual-mode antenna performance, directly affect UWB signal transmission range and
Coverage.
Present example provides a kind of microstrip-fed small-sized plane ultra-wideband antenna.This antenna is similar to general micro-strip
Slot antenna, in order to obtain the frequency characteristic of ultra broadband, the microstrip-fed unit of antenna have employed the circular arc tuning of grading structure
Minor matters, metal floor is then designed to the polygonized structure of symmetry, and it is the ptfe substrate of 4.4 that antenna is set up at dielectric constant
On, according to relation W=λ/2 of antenna width Yu signal wavelength, can substantially determine that the gross dimensions of antenna is W=24mm, L=
24mm, h=1.5mm.In order to ensure the big bandwidth of antenna, antenna have employed relatively smooth circular arc grading structure so that negative
Carrying impedance can be equal with the characteristic impedance of feeder line on a relatively wide frequency band.Additionally, in order to effectively intercept citizens band,
The stopband gap of a bit of arc-shaped is opened, it is to avoid dry between UWB signal and civil signal in the center of antenna
Disturb.
(5) power module
During in present example, the beacon energy selects Large diameter gun-howitzer radio proximity fuse and time fuse in a large number
The reserve type chemical cell used, during transmitting, battery is activated by recoil and centrifugal double environmental forces, its a size of φ 39 × 25.7, mark
Claiming voltage 30V, load 80mA, the working time is not less than 150 seconds.Due to UWB working voltage of electronic tag require be 2.5～
4.2V, operating current 200mA, it is seen that for ensureing the reliably working of label, need to enter the 30V voltage of reserve type chemical cell output
Row DC changes, and can use TPS75733 voltage transformation module, and large-scale input voltage can be changed into 3.3V's by this module
Normal voltage, has the High-current output ability of 3A simultaneously, meets the power supply needs of label, and voltage conversion realizes circuit such as Fig. 6
Shown in.
(6) local clock module
Between locating base station, high-precision time synchronized is commonly used unifies the mode of time service and completes by controlling base station, due to
Developing rapidly of present microprocessing, the frequency accuracy of concussion clock improves constantly, during the concussion that wherein high-precision GPS exports
Clock precision can reach ps level, and high-speed programmable gate array FPGA, in addition to having powerful signal processing and control ability, utilizes
Its internal frequency multiplication phase shift phase lock circuitry, its concussion clock accuracy can also reach 10-11 second-time, and this just carries for control base station
Supply point-device local clock, controlled base station and periodically the local clock of oneself can be passed to each by wire cable
Locating base station, thus realize the time synchronized of each locating base station.
The design of above-mentioned tag system meets claimed below:
(1) there is ultra broadband (UWB) pulses generation function, generate the bandwidth UWB pulse signal not less than 1GHz；
(2) having ultra broadband (UWB) impulse modulation function, modulation generates one for the unique volume identifying bullet identity
Code；
(3) having ultra broadband (UWB) impulse ejection function, antenna gain meets 1km required distance；Simultaneously, it is contemplated that bullet
The skyborne quick rotation of ball (axial acceleration 200 revolutions per seconds) feature, it is desirable to antenna radiation pattern has hemisphere omni-directional, antenna
Polarization mode is circular polarisation；
(4) can receive network type target area inspection target processing system control instruction, whether Collaborative Control label starts work；It leads to
Communication distance is not less than 1km；
(5) be adapted to fit with bullet inside, UWB tag size is mated with bullet blast cap size；
(6) related request of environmental suitability reference radio influence fuse, adapts to the launching over loading of shell ammunition.
It is integrated in projectile head blast cap as it was previously stated, install additional after the reinforced process of UWB label, its physical size, physics
Structure, the selection of components and parts must be designed for the requirement of projectile head blast cap size and environment.UWB label profile is necessary
The space constituted according to the blast cap corresponding with bullet profile and housing is designed, and uses " pagoda " type structure, as it is shown in fig. 7, UWB
Tag circuit plate is divided into four layers, and every layer thickness is 1mm, diameter of phi 30, and interval 5mm between layers, antenna is at top (bullet
Head direction).In UWB tag environment adaptability design, each board design and connection to consider anti-big overload and dosing technology,
SMD integrated circuit general after embedding, resistance, ceramic condenser, solid tantalum electric capacity can meet and anti-transships greatly requirement, for
The quartz oscillator that anti-overload ability is poor, it is necessary to selecting the product reinforced, Case Experiments On A checking shows, is resistant to 30,000 g
Above overload, can meet the needs of the design.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that and the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to
Limit the present invention, all any amendment, equivalent and improvement etc. made within the spirit and principles in the present invention, all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a missile-borne beacon system, it is characterised in that include 2.4GHz communication module, logic control element, UWB pulse generation
Device, Anneta module, power module and local clock unit；
2.4GHz communication module is for receiving the startup positioning instruction that control base station, ground sends, and sends logic control list to
Unit；Logic control element is used for judging identity coding and the localizer beacon bullet ID in startup positioning instruction that beacon bullet is self-curing
Number whether mate, if coupling, then generate by numerical time and control logic and be sent to UWB pulse generator；UWB pulse generator
For, under the triggering controlling logic, completing the generation of UWB pulse train data frame signal；Anneta module is for external radiation
UWB pulse train data frame signal；Power module is for providing electric energy for missile-borne beacon system；Local clock unit is used for as bullet
Information carrying mark system provides local clock.
Missile-borne beacon system the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the UWB number that described UWB pulse generator generates
Being made up of 19 bit positions according to frame, wherein 1-2bit position is beginning flag position, and 3-12bit position is identity ID position, and 13-15bit position is
Position pulse position, 16-17 position is data check position, and 18-19biti position is end mark position；Bits per inch is according to using UWB arteries and veins position tune
Mode processed realizes, and the most each bit position is made up of 3 UWB pulses, represents that two enter by the relative time-intervals of these 3 pulses
Data 0 or 1 processed.
Missile-borne beacon system the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the persistent period of each bit digit pulse is
15us, if data bit structure presents front short rear long shape, the i.e. interval time of pulse 1 and pulse 2 less than 5us, pulse 2 and arteries and veins
The interval time of punching 3 more than 10us, then statement binary data 0, whereas if data bit structure presents that the front part is long and the back is short shape,
I.e. being more than 10us the interval time of pulse 1 and pulse 2, pulse 2 is less than 5us with the interval time of pulse 3, then states binary number
According to 1.
4. according to the missile-borne beacon system described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described UWB pulse train data frame signal
Use Gaussian pulse signal.
5. according to the missile-borne beacon system described in Claims 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the dominant frequency of described logic control element is big
In equal to 200MHz.
6. according to the missile-borne beacon system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described Anneta module includes having micro-
With the antenna of feed element, antenna is set up on the ptfe substrate that dielectric constant is 4.4, and the metal accompanying by substrate connects
Floor becomes symmetrical polygonized structure；Antenna uses circular arc grading structure, opens one section of circular arc in the center of antenna
The stopband gap of shape, microstrip-fed unit uses the circular arc tuning minor matters of grading structure.
7. according to the missile-borne beacon system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that described power module will be for inputting
Photovoltaic conversion becomes the normal voltage of 3.3V, has the High-current output ability of 3A simultaneously.
8. according to the missile-borne beacon system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterised in that the biography of described 2.4GHz communication module
Defeated interface uses RS232 interface.
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| CN110045395A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-23 | 北京和协航电信息科技有限公司 | A kind of inspection Target process, system and equipment based on navigation satellite signal |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN106291447B (en) | 2019-07-23 |
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