CN204555851U - The millimeter wave transceiving system of chip - Google Patents

Abstract

A millimeter wave transceiving system for chip, comprises rf chip and base band signal processing chip.RF rf chip, is divided into TX and RX part.TX launches major part and comprises: VCO voltage controlled oscillator, DA driving amplifier, PA power amplifier, BPSK modulator, PLL loop; RX receives major part and comprises: LNA low-noise amplifier, MIX frequency mixer, Buffer driver.Base band signal processing chip mainly comprises: analogy signal processing unit and digital signal processing unit.Analog processing unit mainly comprises: BPF bandpass filter, AGC Distinct matrix loop, ADC digital to analog converter.Digital processing element mainly comprises: DSP and MCU.Fully integrated two chip blocks of native system complete all functions, reduce Overall Power Consumption, volume, cost and development difficulty, decrease circuit quantity, reduce volume, be easy to integrated chip.Native system can be used for spacing aerial-burst fuze, Anticollision Radar and range finding etc.

Description

The millimeter wave transceiving system of chip

Technical field

The invention relates to a kind of rf chip baseband processing chip, specifically a kind of chip circuit realizing millimeter wave influence fuse system.

Background technology

The research and development of guide missile fuze technology is extremely paid attention in missilery developed country, particularly working system, Anti-Jamming Technique, fuze warhead cooperation efficiency, test and emulation technology, new ideas and the aspect such as basic theory, correlation technique have all dropped into a large amount of man power and materials, and most up-to-date science and technology are applied in the research and design of guide missile fuze as far as possible.Guide missile fuze experienced by three phases.

First stage is the mid-50 terminating to 20 opportunitys from world war substantially.Fuze detection is obtained through refining and mostly is continuous wave Doppler, simple continuous wave frequency and impulse radio system around here, and the research of guide missile fuze mainly solves missile target encounter problem and self interference problem of the anti-guided missile of fuse.Its function is only confined to simple warhead activation and controls, and design seldom considers range cutoff characteristic problem.

Second stage is the latter stage latter stage fifties to the seventies from 20th century.Guide missile fuze technology obtains and develops comparatively fast around here, and the research of different operating system and the research of Anti-Jamming Technique of guide missile fuze all have received attention, and the means of experimental facilities and emulation are further improved.The function of guide missile fuze has transferred accurate initiation control to from simple initiation control before, and the adjustment at the information realization priming network design simultaneously starting to consider to utilize guidance information and fuse to obtain, antenna beam inclination angle and warhead angle of dispersion and inclination angle thereof realizes the raising of accurate initiation control and fuze warhead cooperation efficiency.

Phase III be from eighties in 20th century so far.Owing to being subject to the strong impact of military developments demand pull and scientific technological advance promotion, guide missile fuze technology is in the new period of stable and rapid development.Guide missile fuze system and function are tending towards mature and stable gradually, and low-altitude performance, antijamming capability and fuze warhead cooperation efficiency improve constantly.Its function is controlled to Optimal Burst by accurate initiation control, Optimal Burst mode controls and the development of Optimal Burst direction controlling.The generation causing different fuse system is amplified in different classification.The fuse system in guided missile at present with extensive use mainly comprises electronic fuse, infrared fuse and laser fuze.In recent years, battlefield surroundings is complicated proposes more and more higher requirement to electronic fuse, and compound system target seeker becomes the focus of various countries' research.Adopt compound system fuse can increase load and the battery power consumption of body undoubtedly, also can increase the cost of system.In this case, study the miniaturization under conventional applied environment, low-power consumption, low cost millimeter wave fuze are significant to precision guided weapon system.Simultaneously by fuse for Small-Caliber Ammunition, significant equally.

Current, the radio-frequency module of millimeter wave influence fuse terminal adopts discrete device to design mostly, and module is made up of discrete devices such as low-noise amplifier, frequency mixer, wave filter, power amplifiers, needs to mate by the mode of Waveguide-microstrip line between device.Because signal frequency is high, just require that discrete device earth connection is short, distributed constant is little, necessary many earth connections in high-frequency circuit, and require that the length of every root earth connection is less than 1/100 of signal wavelength, the interstage matched of discrete device is very responsive simultaneously, and cause system debug difficulty, small product size is huge, pole is unfavorable for carrying, power consumption is high, and cost is high, is unfavorable for use in enormous quantities.And the chip of crucial discrete device depends on external import, key technology is still by external left and right.All of these factors taken together is all unfavorable for the independent development capability of fuze system and popularizes.

Summary of the invention

The technical program is by millimeter wave influence fuse device chip, this is to the uniformity of fuze system, the application such as cost limiting factor is effectively solved, advance the batch of influence fuse to use, the chip scheme of millimeter wave influence fuse can be realized by the reasonable distribution of index and the design of circuit.

The technical program technical problem to be solved is: the shortcoming existed for prior art, a kind of mm wave RF receive-transmit system of the chip for millimeter wave influence fuse is proposed, can reduce costs, area, improve uniformity, avoid the mutual interference between signal, reduce power consumption, reduce circuit quantity, reduce costs, make millimeter wave influence fuse system be easy to chip.

System architecture: contain in system and receive and launch two paths, realizes transmitting and receiving channels operation by the switching of switch and switches.After the burst pulse of launching irradiates target, the echo of target reflection contains the abundant information of target, and this echo can be utilized to identify target.Aerial target is generally a dynamic object, utilizes and organizes receive-transmit system more, adopts more complicated digital processing system to obtain concrete orientation between target and shell, realizes carrying out real-time tracing to target and the task of final prang thing.

The technical program is: a kind of millimeter wave transceiving system of chip, comprises rf chip and baseband processing chip;

The circuit of a, rf chip comprises RX receiving circuit and TX radiating circuit;

A-1, RX receiving circuit comprises: LNA low-noise amplifier, MXR frequency mixer and Buffer driver;

The signal input part of LNA low-noise amplifier connects antenna through gate-controlled switch K3; The output signal feeding MXR frequency mixer of LNA low-noise amplifier and the mixing of LO local oscillation signal obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P and the IF_N of beat, and intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P and IF_N sends into baseband processing chip through Buffer analog signal amplifier;

A-2, TX radiating circuit comprises: VCO voltage controlled oscillator, DA driving amplifier, PA power amplifier, BPSK modulator, PLL loop;

Described VCO voltage controlled oscillator produces the radiofrequency signal that native system needs, and this radiofrequency signal is the LO local oscillation signal being operated in 12GHz or 35GHz; The scope of the change of frequency of LO local oscillation signal is ± 1GHz;

Described PLL loop is by digital DSM signal madulation rate-adaptive pacemaker, and this output signal sends into BPSK modulator and MXR frequency mixer respectively through LO buffer local oscillation buffer; Gate-controlled switch K2 is connected with between MXR frequency mixer and LO buffer local oscillation buffer;

BPSK modulator is double mode BPSK modulator, completes the switching of transmitter, phase, when bpsk signal is periodic data signal, completes BPSK modulation;

The output signal of BPSK modulator passes to antenna through DA driving amplifier and PA power amplifier successively; Gate-controlled switch K1 is connected with between the output of DA driving amplifier and the input of PA power amplifier;

B, baseband processing chip comprise ABB processing section and digital base band processor two parts;

B-1, ABB processing section comprise: BPF bandpass filter, AGC Distinct matrix loop, ADC analog-digital converter; BPF bandpass filter comprises BPF1 first bandpass filter and BPF2 second bandpass filter

From the intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P of RX receiving circuit and IF_N respectively through BPF1 first bandpass filter and BPF2 second bandpass filter, then obtain single-ended signal through encoder, this single-ended signal sends into the signal input part of AGC Distinct matrix loop; The signal input part of AGC Distinct matrix loop obtains digital baseband signal through ADC analog-digital converter;

AGC Distinct matrix loop comprises AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier and VGA voltage-controlled amplifier, the input of AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier connects VGA voltage-controlled amplifier input, and the output of AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier connects the control voltage input of VGA voltage-controlled amplifier;

B-2, digital base band processor part comprise: DSP and MCU;

DSP process digital baseband signal, carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines the unlatching of fusee signal;

MCU produces: the digital DMS signal of modulation; Timing control signal PULSE_1, PULSE_2 and PULSE_3 of gauge tap K1, K2 and K3 respectively; And the state control signal MPSK_DA of control BPSK modulator.

The bandwidth of described PLL loop is 2.5MHz ~ 5MHz; The bandwidth of VCO voltage controlled oscillator is that each resonance core is the bandwidth of 2.4GHz by adopting height two resonance cores.

BPSK modulator for double mode: when data data is bpsk signal, then it is operated in BPSK modulator state, carries out Data Modulation;

When data data is fixed potential, as data be 1 or 0 time, then its work is buffer pattern, by switch the positive and negative of data convert phase place 0 or 180 degree.

The purposes of native system is spacing aerial-burst fuze, and DSP process digital baseband signal carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines the unlatching exporting fusee signal.

The purposes of native system is Anticollision Radar, and DSP process digital baseband signal carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines that output prevents collision alarm.

The purposes of native system is range finding, and DSP process digital baseband signal, carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines to export range data signal.

The advantage of the technical program comprises:

Detection range scope, in order to the versatility of maximized raising chip, detection range is intended expanding 1m ~ 30m to; Adopt the full chip solution of radio frequency baseband, have the advantages that cost is low, uniformity is good; Two fully integrated chip blocks complete all functions, reduce Overall Power Consumption, volume, cost and development difficulty; Can the radio frequency of software merit rating and baseband chip, make the applied widely of chip; The outer device of sheet is few, only has antenna, crystal oscillator and power filtering capacitor.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the system block diagram of the technical program.

Fig. 2 is the passage block diagram of the radio frequency implementation of the technical program.

Fig. 3 is the passage block diagram of the base band implementation of the technical program.

Detailed description of the invention

A millimeter wave transceiving system for chip, comprises rf chip and baseband processing chip;

The circuit of a, rf chip comprises RX receiving circuit and TX radiating circuit;

A-1, RX receiving circuit comprises: LNA low-noise amplifier, MXR frequency mixer and Buffer driver;

The signal input part of LNA low-noise amplifier connects antenna through gate-controlled switch K3; The output signal feeding MXR frequency mixer of LNA low-noise amplifier and the mixing of LO local oscillation signal obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P and the IF_N of beat, and intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P and IF_N sends into baseband processing chip through Buffer analog signal amplifier;

A-2, TX radiating circuit comprises: VCO voltage controlled oscillator, DA driving amplifier, PA power amplifier, BPSK modulator, PLL loop;

Described VCO voltage controlled oscillator produces the radiofrequency signal that native system needs, and this radiofrequency signal is the LO local oscillation signal being operated in 12GHz or 35GHz; The scope of the change of frequency of LO local oscillation signal is ± 1GHz;

Described PLL loop is by digital DSM signal madulation rate-adaptive pacemaker, and this output signal sends into BPSK modulator and MXR frequency mixer respectively through LO buffer local oscillation buffer; Gate-controlled switch K2 is connected with between MXR frequency mixer and LO buffer local oscillation buffer;

BPSK modulator is double mode BPSK modulator, completes the switching of transmitter, phase, when bpsk signal is periodic data signal, completes BPSK modulation;

The output signal of BPSK modulator passes to antenna through DA driving amplifier and PA power amplifier successively; Gate-controlled switch K1 is connected with between the output of DA driving amplifier and the input of PA power amplifier;

B, baseband processing chip comprise ABB processing section and digital base band processor two parts;

B-1, ABB processing section comprise: BPF bandpass filter, AGC Distinct matrix loop, ADC analog-digital converter; BPF bandpass filter comprises BPF1 first bandpass filter and BPF2 second bandpass filter

From the intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P of RX receiving circuit and IF_N respectively through BPF1 first bandpass filter and BPF2 second bandpass filter, then obtain single-ended signal through encoder, this single-ended signal sends into the signal input part of AGC Distinct matrix loop; The signal input part of AGC Distinct matrix loop obtains digital baseband signal through ADC analog-digital converter;

AGC Distinct matrix loop comprises AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier and VGA voltage-controlled amplifier, the input of AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier connects VGA voltage-controlled amplifier input, and the output of AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier connects the control voltage input of VGA voltage-controlled amplifier;

B-2, digital base band processor part comprise: DSP and MCU;

DSP process digital baseband signal, carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines the unlatching of fusee signal;

MCU produces: the digital DMS signal of modulation; Timing control signal PULSE_1, PULSE_2 and PULSE_3 of gauge tap K1, K2 and K3 respectively; And the state control signal MPSK_DA of control BPSK modulator.

The invention is further illustrated as follows below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and the application in spacing aerial-burst fuze:

The invention is intended to millimeter wave 30GHz (or Ku wave band: 12GHz) SOC being designed for influence fuse switch, designing two pieces of special asic chips for forming influence fuse system, controlling smart bombs or guided missile is ignited in the distance certain from target.Its system block diagram as shown in Figure 1.This chip is in order to compatible and system update consideration, and adopt two chip blocks to form, rf chip is special RF chip, the transceiver module of integrated fuse.

With reference to figure 2, radio-frequency receiving-transmitting antenna adopts same antenna, saves volume, reduces costs, native system dynamic range is large, highly sensitive, favorable working performance in short distance situation.

After antenna receives rf echo signal, amplify through low-noise amplifier LNA, intermediate-freuqncy signal is down to by MXR frequency mixer (concrete employing low-converter MIXER), intermediate-freuqncy signal directly outputs to baseband portion after treatment and processes, and requires relatively not high to the frequency stability of oscillation source.

Radio-frequency transmissions TX module: VCO voltage controlled oscillator produces the radiofrequency signal that system needs, and it is operated in 12GHz or 35GHz local oscillation signal, and its frequency of oscillation is determined by loop control voltage, and the scope of change of frequency is 1GHz.DA driving amplifier is first order driving amplifier, and it drives PA work, and the typical PA that PA is specifically separated by four tunnels is formed, and the output signal of four road PA is synthesized by transformer, is input to antenna end.PA power amplifier can produce the output signal being greater than 5dBm.

BPSK modulator is double mode bpsk signal modulator: during general mode, can think DA amplifier, completes the switching of transmitter, phase at this place simultaneously, if bpsk signal level is high, be then 0 degree of output, bpsk signal level is low, be then 180 degree of outputs.When bpsk signal is periodic data signal, complete BPSK modulation.PLL loop completes digital DSM signal madulation rate-adaptive pacemaker, and it comprises CP, and PFD, loop filter and Sigma-delta modulate DSM signal.

The LNA low-noise amplifier of radio frequency reception RX module, the low-noise reception of settling signal, receives NF and is less than 7dB, ensure certain linearity and anti-interference demand simultaneously.MXR frequency mixer, completes the mixing of local oscillation signal and output signal, obtains the low frequency signal of beat.

The design of phaselocked loop is due to Embedded, and frequency range is high, as more in chankings existing device of going out, and needs the scheme using microstrip line, so the phaselocked loop in this programme design adopts is scheme fully integrated in sheet.

As seen from Figure 3, intermediate-freuqncy signal enters base band, and device (bandpass filter BPF1 and BPF2), then AGC increase the strength control by echo-signal first after filtering, in order to prevent from transmitting with other interfering signals on the impact of machine sensitivity, wave filter is put into base band, and this filter characteristic requires high simultaneously.Analog signal processing part: BPF analog bandpass filtering device, the noise in elimination analog baseband signal and the outer interfering signal of band, elimination multipath return.VGA (orAGC) simulates automatic gain control loop, amplifies baseband signal on the full scale value of ADC, with the SNR making ADC reach best.ADC analog-digital converter completes the conversion of ABB to digital baseband, carries out FFT for digital processing element.Digital signal processing unit DSP process digital baseband signal, carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines the unlatching of fusee signal FUZE.MCU produces the data signal of modulation, and the SECO of completion system and state control.

ADC analog-digital converter requires to need to realize high speed characteristics, and in order to realize at a high speed, the present invention proposes system level solution, such as asynchronous clock controls, top crown sample mode, full dynamic comparer design, and laying out pattern wiring.

When specific implementation the technical program, mainly contain following engineering problem:

1, the problem of TX and RX switching over

Solution is: the DC directly turning off PA is biased, and just can not complete switching in official hour.Turn off DC and be biased and directly add on signal path the way that switch combines so adopt and carry out switching.The method, on path, has the gain reduction of general about 4dB.But can accomplish by optimizing switch size the normal work not affecting branch road.

2, the problem of modulated triangular wave cycle and modulation bandwidth

Solution is: modulation step number is 2^ (12-3)=512step.Choosing the shortest modulation period is 10us (maximum modulating frequency is the frequency of 100KHz), 1/ Δ T=102.4MHz, so choosing loop bandwidth is 2.5MHz ~ 5MHz.

The bandwidth of VCO can meet the demands by being height two resonance core core.Each core is the bandwidth of 2.4GHz.Switched by numeral, can switch between 2 core core easily.Ensure convenience that is anti-interference and modulation.

3, BPSK modulation and phase overturn problem

Double mode BPSK modulator, when data data is bpsk signal, is then operated in BPSK modulator, carries out Data Modulation.When data data is fixed potential, as data be 1 or 0 time, work as buffer pattern, can by switch the positive and negative of data convert phase place 0 or 180 degree.

Its advantage is: two fully integrated chip blocks complete all functions, reduces Overall Power Consumption, volume, cost and development difficulty; Can the radio frequency of software merit rating and baseband chip, make the applied widely of chip; The outer device of sheet is few, only has antenna, crystal oscillator and power filtering capacitor.Decrease circuit quantity, reduce volume, reduce cost, be easy to integrated chip.

Claims (3)

1. a millimeter wave transceiving system for chip, is characterized in that comprising rf chip and baseband processing chip;

The circuit of a, rf chip comprises RX receiving circuit and TX radiating circuit;

A-1, RX receiving circuit comprises: LNA low-noise amplifier, MXR frequency mixer and Buffer driver;

The signal input part of LNA low-noise amplifier connects antenna through gate-controlled switch K3; The output signal feeding MXR frequency mixer of LNA low-noise amplifier and the mixing of LO local oscillation signal obtain intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P and the IF_N of beat, and intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P and IF_N sends into baseband processing chip through Buffer analog signal amplifier;

A-2, TX radiating circuit comprises: VCO voltage controlled oscillator, DA driving amplifier, PA power amplifier, BPSK modulator, PLL loop;

Described VCO voltage controlled oscillator produces the radiofrequency signal that native system needs, and this radiofrequency signal is the LO local oscillation signal being operated in 12GHz or 35GHz; The scope of the change of frequency of LO local oscillation signal is ± 1GHz;

Described PLL loop is by digital DSM signal madulation rate-adaptive pacemaker, and this output signal sends into BPSK modulator and MXR frequency mixer respectively through LO buffer local oscillation buffer; Gate-controlled switch K2 is connected with between MXR frequency mixer and LO buffer local oscillation buffer;

BPSK modulator is double mode BPSK modulator, completes the switching of transmitter, phase, when bpsk signal is periodic data signal, completes BPSK modulation;

The output signal of BPSK modulator passes to antenna through DA driving amplifier and PA power amplifier successively; Gate-controlled switch K1 is connected with between the output of DA driving amplifier and the input of PA power amplifier;

B, baseband processing chip comprise ABB processing section and digital base band processor two parts;

B-1, ABB processing section comprise: BPF bandpass filter, AGC Distinct matrix loop, ADC analog-digital converter; BPF bandpass filter comprises BPF1 first bandpass filter and BPF2 second bandpass filter

From the intermediate-freuqncy signal IF_P of RX receiving circuit and IF_N respectively through BPF1 first bandpass filter and BPF2 second bandpass filter, then obtain single-ended signal through encoder, this single-ended signal sends into the signal input part of AGC Distinct matrix loop; The signal input part of AGC Distinct matrix loop obtains digital baseband signal through ADC analog-digital converter;

AGC Distinct matrix loop comprises AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier and VGA voltage-controlled amplifier, the input of AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier connects VGA voltage-controlled amplifier input, and the output of AGC automatic gain compensation amplifier connects the control voltage input of VGA voltage-controlled amplifier;

B-2, digital base band processor part comprise: DSP and MCU;

DSP process digital baseband signal, carries out FFT FFT calculating, determines the unlatching exporting control signal;

MCU produces: the digital DMS signal 1. modulated; 2. timing control signal PULSE_1, PULSE_2 and PULSE_3 of gauge tap K1, K2 and K3 is distinguished; And the state control signal MPSK_DA of control BPSK modulator 3..

2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that the bandwidth of described PLL loop is 2.5MHz ~ 5MHz; The bandwidth of VCO voltage controlled oscillator is that each resonance core is the bandwidth of 2.4GHz by adopting height two resonance cores.

3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that for double mode BPSK modulator:

When data data is bpsk signal, then it is operated in BPSK modulator state, carries out Data Modulation;

When data data is fixed potential, as data be 1 or 0 time, then its work is buffer pattern, by switch the positive and negative of data convert phase place 0 or 180 degree.