CN106289989B - A kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads Download PDFInfo
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- CN106289989B CN106289989B CN201610574930.7A CN201610574930A CN106289989B CN 106289989 B CN106289989 B CN 106289989B CN 201610574930 A CN201610574930 A CN 201610574930A CN 106289989 B CN106289989 B CN 106289989B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0284—Bulk material, e.g. powders
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0682—Spatial dimension, e.g. length, area, angle
Abstract
A kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads disclosed by the invention includes host machine part, hydraulic loading mechanism, synchronous data collection and the control system of processing.The large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the invention cuboid large dimension specimen can be carried out vertical pivot to and horizontal plane in the lateral load of orthogonal both direction, stress in sample consolidation and shear history, deformation, pore pressure can be measured by xial feed sensor, shaft position sensor, pore water pressure sensor.Mechanism of the present invention is simple, light and easily operated, is a kind of preferable large dimension specimen complex stress loading mechanism.The present invention is not limited only to the load of static(al) ess-strain, can also be achieved the live load application in a certain frequency range and the creep test with the time.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geotechnical engineering test equipment technical fields, and in particular to a kind of large size true three of three-dimensional independent loads
Axis instrument.
Background technique
Due to the complexity of geotechnical engineering, diversity and high request and some novel construction technology in geotechnical engineering and apply
The generation of work material, causes such as high roadbed engineering, high earth-rock works, for geotechnical engineering measuring technology challenge more and more
Greatly, the consolidation apparatus under stock size, direct shear apparatus, triaxial apparatus, plane strain instrument and smaller size true triaxil tester be far from
It is able to satisfy the needs of engineering.Therefore, lot of domestic and international researcher develops various sizes of large size in the time of decades
Consolidation apparatus, large direct shear apparatus, large-scale triaxial apparatus, it is intended to study the dimensional effect problem of geotechnical engineering test, also achieve
Many reliable research achievements.However, for rock-soil material under the conditions of true triaxiality dimensional effect Study on Problems and its lack
Weary, common problem mainly has:
(1) the problem of coarse-grained soil etc. in reclamation work has partial size big and Particle Breakage, conventional earthwork test Instrument
The test that mechanical property can not be carried out to the earth and stone material of its prototype grain diameter will carry out different degrees of reduced scale processing.
(2) it for geotechnological instrument conventional to the large size developed, due to the limitation of the range of its test, is unable to test
The mechanical characteristic of bulky grain rock-soil material under to more complicated stress path.
(3) both at home and abroad about coarse-grained soil studies have shown that carry out different degrees of reduced scale test it is strong to its peak value
The influence of degree is smaller, and more obvious for axial strain (including lateral decrement) and the influence of volume change.
Therefore, strength-deformation characteristic under the conditions of true triaxiality of greater particle size soil is obtained for accurate test, to existing
Some true triaxials carries out technological innovation, and developing a kind of large-sized large-scale real triaxial instrument is very important.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads, it is able to achieve and coarse-grained soil is carried out
Three-dimensional independent loads simultaneously carry out the test of the strength and deformation under complicated stress environment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads, includes host portion
Point, hydraulic loading mechanism, synchronous data collection and processing control system；
Host machine part includes boosting frame chassis, column and crossbeam, the host branch that boosting frame chassis, column and crossbeam are constituted
Frame, upper seat assembly, pressure chamber's floor box, third pressure chamber side case and second pressure room side case constitute pressure chamber in host rack；
The four corners of upper seat assembly are respectively arranged with torsion balance mechanism, the middle opening of upper seat assembly and set in opening
Set sample cap, the bottom of sample cap is arranged upper porous disc, and the intermediate connecting shaft of sample cap is installed with to transmission rod on transmitting axle force bar
The transmitting axle force bar auxiliary body connecting with sample cap, transmitting axle force bar top connect axial load transducer；
Support construction is set inside pressure chamber's floor box, pressure chamber floor box side is connected with superstructure supporting mechanism,
Pressure chamber floor box bottom connects axial pressure chamber, is provided with lower porous disc at the top of pressure chamber's floor box；It is arranged in pressure chamber
There is hydraulic blister cavities, hydraulic bag is intracavitary to be provided with hydraulic bag, and there are four hydraulic bag, four hydraulic bags are located at the setting of four side of sample
The symmetry direction of third pressure chamber side case and second pressure room side case, the hydraulic loaded system of four hydraulic bag connection all directions
System, the hydraulic bag of both direction are isolated by rotary column baffle；
Hydraulic loading mechanism includes the servo hydraulic cylinder combination of hydraulic power source and three-dimensional, solenoid valve control switch, hydraulic communication
Pipe switch, axial compressive force chamber or lateral hydraulic bag；
The control system of synchronous data collection and processing includes programmable amplifier and timing and logic controller, programming amplifying
Device and timing and the input terminal of logic controller with shaft position sensor, xial feed sensor, hydrostatic sensor, lateral
Displacement sensor connection, programmable amplifier and timing are connect with the output end of logic controller with sampling holder, and sampling is kept
Device connect A/D converter, A/D converter and periodically with logic controller with connect computer.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
Third pressure chamber side case and second pressure room side case are connect with the top of pressure chamber's floor box, third pressure chamber side case
It is connect with second pressure room side case with the bottom of upper seat assembly, axial compressive force chamber connects oil cylinder pedestal, the setting of oil cylinder two sides of base
There is the combination of beam rail, eight stiffened panels are set on upper seat assembly, pass through the fixed torsion of anchor bolt, tension spring and torsion plate on stiffened panel
Balance mechanism.
Pressure chamber is located in host rack, and host rack includes boosting frame chassis, and boosting frame is connected with column on chassis, stands
Crossbeam and big nut are installed on column, oil cylinder pedestal and the combination of beam rail are connect with boosting frame chassis.
The connection of one end of transmitting axle force bar and shaft position sensor, the other end of shaft position sensor and upper seat assembly
Connection.
Torsion balance mechanism middle section is torsion balance mechanism column, and rotary column gear is provided on torsion balance mechanism column
Plate, rotary column baffle are fixed on the outside of torsion balance mechanism column by pressure spring seated；The lower part of torsion balance mechanism column is logical
It crosses support construction and is fixed on pressure floor box bottom.
Hydraulic power source is connect with tap, and pressure gauge is connected on tap, and tap connects electricity by communicating pipe
One connector of magnet valve control switch, two other connectors of solenoid valve control switch are separately connected servo hydraulic cylinder combination and liquid
Communicating pipe switch is pressed, servo hydraulic cylinder combined side connects lateral displacement sensor, hydraulic communication pipe switch connection hydraulic sensing
Device.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads can try cube large scale
Sample carries out load axially and laterally, can be measured by xial feed sensor, shaft position sensor, pore water pressure sensor
Measure sample consolidation and the stress in shear history, deformation, pore pressure.Mechanism of the present invention is simple, light and easily operated, is one
The preferable large dimension specimen complex stress loading mechanism of kind.The present invention is not limited only to the load of static(al) ess-strain, can also be achieved certain
Live load application in one frequency range and the creep test with the time.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument flow chart of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of left view of the large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of upper seat assembly in a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of cross sectional view of the pressure chamber large-scale real triaxial Yi Zhong of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of hydraulic loading mechanism in a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is matched synchronous data collection and processing in a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention
The schematic diagram of control system.
In figure, 1. boosting frame chassis, 2. host racks, the combination of 3. beam rails, 4. oil cylinder pedestals, 5. axial compressive force chambers, on 6.
Structural support mechanism, portion, 7. pressure chamber's floor box, 8. lower porous discs, 9. wedge pins, 10. samples, 11. third pressure chamber side casees,
12. column, 13. torsion balance mechanisms, porous disc on 14., seat assembly on 15., 16. stiffened panels, 17. sample caps, 18. axial are passed
Li Gan auxiliary body, 19. transmitting axle force bars, 20. xial feed sensors, 21. xial feed device pedestals, 22. crossbeams, 23. is big
Nut, the support construction of 24. torsion balance mechanisms, 25. rotary column baffles, 26. pressure spring seateds, 27. second pressure room side casees, 28.
Shaft position sensor, 29. anchor bolts, 30. tension springs, 31. torsion plates, 32. torsion balance mechanism columns, 33. curved plates,
34. hydraulic blister cavities, 35. porous discs, 36. hydrostatic sensors, 37. bottom plate anchor bolts, 38. specimen mounts, 39. hydraulic power sources, 40.
Vacuum pump, 41. vacuum tubes, 42. quick filling liquid pipes, 43. lateral displacement sensors, 44. taps, 45. pressure gauges, 46. watch
Take hydraulic cylinder combination, 47. communicating pipes, 48. solenoid valve controls switch, 49. hydraulic communication pipes switch, 50. hydraulic bags, 51. timings
With logic controller, 52. computers, 53. programmable amplifiers, 54. sampling holders, 55.A/D converter.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.
The present invention provides a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads, include host machine part, hydraulic loaded machine
Structure, synchronous data collection and the control system of processing, host machine part are mainly the main machine being further applied load to cuboid sample 10
Structure；Hydraulic loading mechanism provides power section by control stepper motor, solenoid valve and hydraulic power source 39 for test；Synchrodata
Acquiring can realize that the signal to load transducer and sensor for pore water pressure is output and input with the control system of processing automatically, control
The stress in three directions；
As shown in Figure 1, host machine part includes boosting frame chassis 1, column 12 and crossbeam 22, boosting frame chassis 1,12 and of column
The host rack 2 that crossbeam 22 is constituted, upper seat assembly 15, pressure chamber's floor box 7, third pressure chamber side case 11 are small in host rack 2
Principal direction of stress pressure chamber side case and 27 intermediate principal stress directional pressure room side case of second pressure room side case constitute pressure chamber；
Support construction 24, the 7 surrounding aperture of pressure chamber's floor box, 7 side of pressure chamber's floor box are set inside pressure chamber's floor box 7
Face is connected with superstructure supporting mechanism 6, and floor box 7 bottom in pressure chamber's connects axial pressure chamber 5, and axial compressive force chamber 5 connects oil
Cylinder pedestal 4,4 two sides of oil cylinder pedestal are provided with beam rail combination 3, and axial compressive force chamber 5 is connect with boosting frame chassis 1, pressure chamber's bottom plate
The top of case 7 is provided with lower porous disc 8,8 four side of the lower porous disc fluting setting wedge pin 9 being arranged on pressure chamber's floor box 7, the
Three pressure chamber side casees 11 connect pressure chamber's floor box 7, third pressure chamber side case 11 and second pressure with second pressure room side case 27
Room side case 27 connects upper seat assembly 15, forms the structure of sealing, sample 10 is installed in the structure for the upper-lower seal to be formed, sample
10 size is 300mm × 300mm × 600mm；
Upper seat assembly 15, pressure chamber's floor box 7, third pressure chamber side case 11 and second pressure room side case 27 and they are symmetrical
Pressure chamber side case surround pressure chamber, pressure chamber is located in host rack 2, host rack 2 include boosting frame chassis 1, boosting frame
Be connected with column 12 on chassis 1, be installed with crossbeam 22 and big nut 23 on column 12, oil cylinder pedestal 4 and beam rail combination 3 with reinforcing
Frame chassis 1 connects, and beam rail combination 3 is along the activity of the setting second pressure room direction Ce Xiang；
The four corners of upper seat assembly 15 are respectively arranged with torsion balance mechanism 13, the middle opening of upper seat assembly 15 and are opening
Sample cap 17 is set in mouthful, the bottom of sample cap 17 is arranged upper porous disc 14, the intermediate connecting shaft of sample cap 17 to transmission rod 19,
The transmitting axle force bar auxiliary body 18 connecting with sample cap 17 is installed on transmitting axle force bar 19,19 top of transmitting axle force bar passes through axis
Axial load transducer 20 is connected to load device pedestal 21；
Transmitting axle force bar 19 is connect with one end of shaft position sensor 28, the other end of shaft position sensor 28 with it is upper
Seat assembly 15 connects, and axial compressive force bar 19 uniformly transfers the load under the guidance of transmitting axle force bar auxiliary body 18
In sample cap 17 built in seat assembly 15, then it is evenly applied on sample 10 by sample cap 17；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, eight stiffened panels 16 are set on upper seat assembly 15, on stiffened panel 16 by anchor bolt 29,
Tension spring 30 and the fixed torsion balance mechanism 13 of torsion plate 31,13 middle section of torsion balance mechanism are torsion balance mechanism column
32, rotary column baffle 25 is provided on torsion balance mechanism column 32, and rotary column baffle 25 is located in torsion balance mechanism column 32
Heart position, expandable, rotary column baffle 25 are fixed on the outside of torsion balance mechanism column 32 by pressure spring seated 26；Torsion
The lower part of balance mechanism column 32 is fixed on 7 bottom of pressure floor box by support construction 24；
As shown in figure 4, being provided with hydraulic blister cavities 34 in pressure chamber, hydraulic bag 50, hydraulic bag are provided in hydraulic blister cavities 34
50 settings four, four hydraulic bags 50 are located at the symmetry direction of third pressure chamber side case 11 and second pressure room side case 27 two-by-two,
Four hydraulic bags 50 connect the hydraulic loading system of all directions, and the hydraulic bag 50 of both direction is isolated by rotary column baffle 25；
Third pressure chamber side case 11 (minor principal stress directional pressure room side case) and 27 (intermediate principal stress side of second pressure room side case
To pressure chamber side case) in the part of corner it is each provided with curved plate 33, curved plate 33 is effective to the hydraulic blister cavities 34 of two sides
Isolation, curved plate 33 join on rotary column baffle 25, and there are gap, specimen mount 38 is provided with a porous disc 35, examination
38 panel of sample pedestal and its center porous disc 35 constitute lower porous disc 8, and bottom plate anchoring spiral shell is also set up on 38 bottom plate of specimen mount
Hydrostatic sensor 36 is installed in bolt 37, the outside of the drainage channel of lower porous disc 8, and when saturated sample can utilize 36 amount of hydrostatic sensor
The variation range of the pore water pressure of test specimens during loading；
As shown in figure 5, hydraulic loading mechanism includes hydraulic power source 39, the electromagnetic servo control switch connected by communicating pipe 47
48, servo hydraulic cylinder combination 46, axial compressive force chamber 5 or hydraulic bag 50,46 control of servo hydraulic cylinder combination is hydraulic to pass through electromagnetism again
Valve control switch 48 is applied by hydraulic communication pipe switch 49 and axial compressive force chamber 5 or hydraulic bag 50 control connected communicating pipe 47
Load, solenoid valve control switch 48 are three-way four-position solenoid valve；
Hydraulic power source 39 is connect with tap 44, and pressure gauge 45 is connected on tap 44, and tap 44 passes through company
Siphunculus 47 connects a connector of solenoid valve control switch 48, and two other connectors of solenoid valve control switch 48, which are separately connected, to be watched
The hydraulic communication pipe switch 49 of hydraulic cylinder combination 46 and the connection of hydrostatic sensor 36 is taken, servo hydraulic cylinder combines 46 side connecting sides
To displacement sensor 43, the piston motion displacement of servo-hydraulic combination 46 is measured；
The hydraulic loaded that servo hydraulic cylinder combination 46 and solenoid valve control switch 48 constitute a direction controls composition, hydraulic
Loading mechanism includes that axial control in horizontal plane orthogonal two to each three sets of hydraulic loadeds forms, and hydraulic loading mechanism further includes true
Sky pump 40, vacuum tube 41, vacuum pump 40 vacuumize for the hydraulic loaded connected system in three directions and provide power；Outside hydraulic power source 39
Portion connects pressure gauge 45, quick oil filler pipe 42, tap 44, and tap 44 connects three pairs of servo-hydraulics by communicating pipe 47
Cylinder combination 46；Two servo hydraulic cylinder sides of the servo hydraulic cylinder combination 46 loaded on one direction connect lateral displacement sensing
Device 43 converts another hydraulic cylinder at the end of controlling a hydraulic cylinder load by solenoid valve control switch 48 when sample 10 loads
Start to load, realizes the lasting load to sample；In axially loaded direction, 46 connection solenoid valve control of servo hydraulic cylinder combination is opened
48 are closed, reconnects hydraulic communication pipe switch 49 and hydrostatic sensor 36, then by connecting axial pressure chamber 5 communicating pipe 47, transmit liquid
Pressure；In the horizontal plane orthogonal two to, also respectively by servo hydraulic cylinder combine 46 connection solenoid valve control switches 48, reconnection it is hydraulic
Communicating pipe switch 49 and hydrostatic sensor 36, then hydraulic bag 50 is connected by communicating pipe 47, transmitted hydraulic；Quick oil filler pipe 42 is distinguished
Connection three-way solenoid valve control switch 48 and each hydraulic cylinder that end is loaded into servo hydraulic cylinder combination 46, play a supplement
The effect of pressure fluid.Orthogonal two take out very to 50 connected system of hydraulic bag in the connection horizontal plane that vacuum pump 40 passes through vacuum tube 41
Sky, so as to hydraulically full；
As shown in fig. 6, the control system of synchronous data collection and processing includes programmable amplifier 53 and timing and logic control
Device 51 processed, programmable amplifier 53 and timing and the input terminal of logic controller 51 with shaft position sensor 20, xial feed
Sensor 28, hydrostatic sensor 36, the connection of lateral displacement sensor 43, programmable amplifier 53 and timing and logic controller 51
Output end is connect with sampling holder 54, and sampling holder 54 connects A/D converter 55, A/D converter 55 and timing and logic
Controller 51 is all connected with computer 52；
A kind of working principle of the large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the present invention is, four chamber of a Room of host machine part
Pressure chamber is mainly by upper seat assembly 15, third pressure chamber side case 11 (minor principal stress directional pressure room side case), second pressure room
Side case 27 (intermediate principal stress directional pressure room side case), pressure chamber's floor box 7, torsion balance mechanism 13, rotary column baffle 25 are constituted；On
It include sample cap 17 and the stiffened panel 16 for being welded on surrounding in seat assembly 15, material is mainly using antirust steel；The
Three pressure chamber side casees 11, second pressure room side case 27 are the body structure being welded by Rustproof Steel Plate, third pressure chamber side case
11 and 27 both direction of second pressure room side case pressure chamber side case on the inside of hydraulic bag 50 is set, be made of latex；Pressure chamber bottom
Plate case 7 primarily serves the effect of resistance to compression and bending resistance, for the light effect of instrument, opens on 27 stiffened panel 16 of second pressure room side case
4 holes are also convenient for the support construction of installation torsion balance mechanism column 32, and 13 upper end of torsion balance mechanism is in upper seat assembly
It is fixed by two tension springs 30 on 15, realize the rotational deformation with sample incline, the support construction 24 of lower part torsion balance mechanism
On pressure chamber's floor box 7, centre is equipped with the rotary column baffle 25 with the radial expansion of sample deformation, and main pressing spring connects
Seat 26 is controlled, and above-mentioned component is all steel member, has the function of antirust.Enclosed construction described above can be realized well
The independence in 11 minor principal stress direction of third pressure chamber side case, second pressure room side case 27 intermediate principal stress direction and vertical three directions
Load, can satisfy pressure chamber's rigidity and deformation required for the load to large dimension specimen；
The transmitting axle force bar auxiliary body 18 of 15 top of the upper seat assembly installation of host machine part draws when testing axially loaded
Guide shaft vertically transmits load along 17 center of sample cap to transmission rod 19；
Based on the considerations of the large scale of sample 10 at sample, sample rank is torn open after the dress sample stage of on-test and off-test
Section, inconvenience in the enterprising luggage of pressure platform unload sample, carry out generally according to following programs, when off-test, pass through axial compressive force chamber 5
Pressure chamber's floor box 7 under sample 10 is gradually reduced, using the superstructure supporting mechanism being welded on pressure chamber's floor box 76
Total as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, is then passed through sliding rail edge so that entire superstructure is supported in beam rail combination 3 by support
27 intermediate principal stress stress loading direction of second pressure room side case release unload sample；Similarly, when filling sample, sample 10 need to will only be installed
Entire upper mechanism, led to after being directed at axial 5 center of pressure chamber by the centers that beam rail combination 3 promotes samples 10 to arrive tester
It crosses axial compressive force chamber 5 and is gradually lifted pressure chamber, so that superstructure is detached from beam rail combination 3, the position for rising to needs is tried
It tests；
Hydraulic loading mechanism will provide motive power in test, and the continual oil sources that provides of hydraulic power source 39 is to axial pressure
Power chamber 5 and two lateral hydraulic bags 50 transmit pressure, and axial servo-cylinder combination 46 is by two identical minor diameter oil cylinders
Composition when providing load, drives a hydraulic cylinder load until hydraulic cylinder piston covers lateral displacement sensor by stepper motor
43 stroke, solenoid valve control switch 48, which is adjusted, starts the load of another hydraulic cylinder, loads the hydraulic cylinder of end by quickly filling
Liquid pipe 42 fills pressure fluid, in case load is again started up, until meeting axially loaded requirement；Intermediate principal stress and minor principal stress side
To load when, loading principle is consistent with vertical loading principle, and the load for being supplied to sample is applied by hydraulic bag 50.
The large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads of the invention cube large dimension specimen 10 can be carried out it is axial and
Lateral load passes through xial feed sensor 20, shaft position sensor 28, hydrostatic sensor 36 and lateral displacement sensor
43 can measure sample consolidation and the stress in shear history, deformation, pore pressure.Mechanism of the present invention is simple, light and be easy to grasp
Make, is a kind of preferable large dimension specimen complex stress loading mechanism.The present invention is not limited only to the load of static(al) ess-strain, may be used also
Real round-trip plus unloading.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads, which is characterized in that include host machine part, hydraulic loading mechanism,
The control system of synchronous data collection and processing；
The host machine part includes boosting frame chassis (1), column (12) and crossbeam (22), boosting frame chassis (1), column (12) and
The host rack (2) that crossbeam (22) is constituted, upper seat assembly (15), pressure chamber's floor box (7), third pressure in host rack (2)
Room side case (11) and second pressure room side case (27) constitute pressure chamber；
The four corners of the upper seat assembly (15) are respectively arranged with torsion balance mechanism (13), the middle opening of upper seat assembly (15)
And sample cap (17) are set in opening, upper porous disc (14) are arranged in the bottom of sample cap (17), and the centre of sample cap (17) connects
Spindle is installed with the transmitting axle force bar auxiliary body connecting with sample cap (17) on transmitting axle force bar (19) to transmission rod (19)
(18), transmitting axle force bar (19) top connects axial load transducer (20)；
Support construction (24) are set inside pressure chamber's floor box (7), pressure chamber's floor box (7) side is connected with superstructure
Supporting mechanism (6), pressure chamber's floor box (7) bottom connect axial pressure chamber (5), and pressure chamber's floor box is provided at the top of (7)
Lower porous disc (8)；It is provided in the pressure chamber hydraulic blister cavities (34), is provided with hydraulic bag (50) in hydraulic blister cavities (34), tried
For the setting of (10) four side of sample there are four hydraulic bag (50), four hydraulic bags (50) are located at third pressure chamber side case (11) and second
The symmetry direction of pressure chamber side case (27), the hydraulic loading system of four hydraulic bag (50) connection all directions, both direction
Hydraulic bag (50) is isolated by rotary column baffle (25)；
The hydraulic loading mechanism includes the servo hydraulic cylinder combination (46) of hydraulic power source (39) and three-dimensional, solenoid valve control switch
(48), hydraulic communication pipe switch (49), axial compressive force chamber (5) or lateral hydraulic bag (50)；
The control system of the synchronous data collection and processing include programmable amplifier (53) and timing and logic controller (51),
Programmable amplifier (53) and timing and the input terminal of logic controller (51) are passed with shaft position sensor (20), xial feed
Sensor (28), hydrostatic sensor (36), lateral displacement sensor (43) connection, programmable amplifier (53) and timing and logic control
The output end of device (51) is connect with sampling holder (54), and sampling holder (54) connects A/D converter (55), A/D converter
(55) and timing with logic controller (51) with connect computer (52)；
Third pressure chamber side case (11) and second pressure room side case (27) are connect with the top of pressure chamber's floor box (7), the
Three pressure chamber side casees (11) and second pressure room side case (27) are connect with the bottom of upper seat assembly (15), and axial compressive force chamber (5) is even
It connects oil cylinder pedestal (4), oil cylinder pedestal (4) two sides are provided with beam rail combination (3), and eight reinforcements are arranged on the upper seat assembly (15)
Plate (16) passes through anchor bolt (29), tension spring (30) and torsion plate (31) fixation torsion balance mechanism (13) on stiffened panel (16).
2. a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure chamber is located at
In host rack (2), host rack (2) includes boosting frame chassis (1), and column (12), column are connected on boosting frame chassis (1)
(12) crossbeam (22) and big nut (23) are installed on, oil cylinder pedestal (4) and beam rail combination (3) are connect with boosting frame chassis (1).
3. a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the transmitting axle force bar
(19) it is connect with one end of shaft position sensor (28), the other end of shaft position sensor (28) and upper seat assembly (15) are even
It connects.
4. a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the torsion balance machine
Structure (13) middle section is torsion balance mechanism column (32), is provided with rotary column baffle on torsion balance mechanism column (32)
(25), rotary column baffle (25) is fixed on the outside of torsion balance mechanism column (32) by pressure spring seated (26)；The torsion is flat
The lower part of weighing apparatus mechanism column (32) is fixed on pressure floor box (7) bottom by support construction (24).
5. a kind of large-scale real triaxial instrument of three-dimensional independent loads as described in claim any one of 1-4, which is characterized in that the liquid
Potential source (39) is connect with tap (44), is connected on tap (44) pressure gauge (45), and tap (44) passes through company
Siphunculus (47) connects a connector of solenoid valve control switch (48), and solenoid valve control switchs (48) other two connectors difference
Servo hydraulic cylinder combination (46) and hydraulic communication pipe switch (49) are connected, servo hydraulic cylinder combines (46) side and connects lateral displacement
Sensor (43), hydraulic communication pipe switch (49) connection hydrostatic sensor (36).
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| CN109269902B (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2020-10-20 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mechanical test system with adjustable loading rigidity and test method |
| CN110779801A (en) * | 2019-10-23 | 2020-02-11 | 西安理工大学 | Geotechnical true triaxial tester control system and control method thereof |
| CN112432850B (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-07-23 | 河海大学 | Three-way independent loading novel mixed boundary true triaxial apparatus |
| CN113588250B (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2022-03-15 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Coplanar multi-point three-way load synchronous loading static test device and method |
| CN114088534B (en) * | 2021-10-15 | 2023-10-20 | 西安理工大学 | Three-way rigid loading true triaxial apparatus |
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| US3581558A (en) * | 1967-12-18 | 1971-06-01 | Goodrich Co B F | Test instrument for determining the shear modulus of elastomeric materials |
| SU1358529A2 (en) * | 1986-04-04 | 1996-01-20 | А.В. Тетельмин | Keyless joint |
| CN100573095C (en) * | 2007-11-15 | 2009-12-23 | 西安理工大学 | A kind of true triaxil tester of three-dimensional independent loads pressure chamber structure |
| CN102507334B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-10-23 | 西安理工大学 | Measurement mechanism for lateral deformation of pressure chamber of true triaxial apparatus |
| CN103175728B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-07-29 | 西安理工大学 | The power true triaxil tester of soil |
| CN103134721B (en) * | 2013-02-07 | 2015-04-22 | 西安理工大学 | Dynamic triaxial testing machine servo-driven by electric cylinder |
| CN203249820U (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-10-23 | 西安理工大学 | True triaxial pressure chamber hydraulic bag restraint mechanism capable of performing radial stretching and planar rotating |
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