CN106285745A - Underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology - Google Patents
Underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285745A CN106285745A CN201610643679.5A CN201610643679A CN106285745A CN 106285745 A CN106285745 A CN 106285745A CN 201610643679 A CN201610643679 A CN 201610643679A CN 106285745 A CN106285745 A CN 106285745A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology, be mainly characterized by according to Tectonic Evolution history and Present Tectonic feature, preliminary forecasting Regional stress field type；Next to that intersect in choosing same rock stratum, tunnel that Support types is essentially identical determine whether observation area type of g eostress field；Then, according to down-hole stress vestige geometric properties, it is judged that the stress field orientation of principal stress of observation place；Finally combine type of g eostress field and orientation of principal stress, it is judged that stress field biggest principal stress direction, intermediate principal stress direction, minimum principal stress direction.The method overcome the problem that existing colliery stress field method of testing engineering cost is high, process is loaded down with trivial details, utilize roadway deformation, stress indication character and type of g eostress field and principal direction of stress relation, it is proposed that a kind of economical and practical and effective underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology.
Description
Technical field
The present invention belongs to technical field of mine safety, is a kind of underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology.
Technical background
Safety in coal production is all in all problem, in order to solve the safety in production in colliery, and should to the ground in mining area
Force field test is to prevent security incident from requisite element task occurring.In stress field is tested, by detecting earth stress ground
Point vertical stress σv, maximum horizontal principal stress σH, minimum horizontal principal stress σhThree's numerical values recited relation, is divided into stress field
σH＞ σv＞ σhType, σH＞ σh＞ σvType, σv＞ σH＞ σhThree kinds of type.Different mines are because of mining depth and areal geology motion feature
Difference, may belong to different type of g eostress fields.Stress field, particularly principal direction of stress are coal seam permeability advantage Azimuth
Major control factors, thus affect coal bed gas extraction efficiency.Coal mine gas drainage practice have shown that, constructs along different directions
The extraction efficiency of mash gas pumping drilling there is significant difference, the mash gas pumping drilling being perpendicular to biggest principal stress direction construction is past
Toward having higher gas pumping efficiency.It addition, biggest principal stress direction affects roadway deformation destructiveness, when tunnel axis with
When biggest principal stress direction is consistent, roadway deformation destroys slight, and maintenance engineering is little；When tunnel axis hangs down with biggest principal stress direction
Time straight, roadway deformation destroys serious, needs to put into a large amount of maintenance engineering.Therefore, know stress field principal direction of stress direction, have
Help coal-bed gas efficient extraction optimization design, improve resources development and utilization efficiency；By adjusting main roadway along maximum horizontal
Principal direction of stress is constructed, it is possible to saves roadway maintenance cost, extends the tunnel length of service to greatest extent.
But, owing to crustal stress on-the-spot test process is complicated, testing cost is high, in actual production, major part colliery does not has
Have and carry out detecting earth stress, the engineering design such as coal mine down-hole tunnel layout, coal bed gas extraction, lack necessary parameters and earth stress
Instruct, cause coal bed gas extraction weak effect, roadway maintenance difficulty, produce for underground coal mine and leave potential safety hazard.Therefore, have
The stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology that necessary research is economic, practical, advances colliery generally to carry out geostress field analysis work
Make, provide the necessary technical support for down-hole coal bed gas pumping, roadway maintenance.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned situation, for overcoming prior art defect, effectively solving stress field forecasting problem, the present invention is by dividing
Analysis roadway deformation and type of g eostress field and the dependency relation of stress direction, utilize underworkings deformation and stress vestige special
Levy, it is proposed that a kind of economical and practical underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology.
The purpose of the present invention realizes according to the following steps:
S1: preliminary forecasting Regional stress field type: analyze this Tectonic Evolution history and Present Tectonic feature,
When areal geology moves based on horizontal movement, and stress field is probably σH＞ σh＞ σvType or σH＞ σv＞ σhType；When ground, region
Matter is moved based on lifting campaign or based on subsiding movement, and type of g eostress field is probably σv＞ σH＞ σhType；
S2: intersect in choosing same rock stratum, tunnel (1) that Support types is essentially identical, tunnel (2), such as Fig. 2 institute
Show:
When destruction is all helped based on two in tunnel (1), tunnel (2), then stress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhType；
When tunnel (1), tunnel (2) are all based on roof and floor destruction, then stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvType；
When tunnel (1) helps destruction, tunnel (2) based on roof and floor destruction based on two, then stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σh
Type.
In the observation process of on-the-spot actual intersection tunnel, it should prioritizing selection wide-angle roadway intersection, it should Integrated comparative is many
Group intersection tunnel.
Meanwhile, in statistics tunnel, the groove formula destruction of generation, separation fracture, shear fracture gap, oval inbreak, boring Guan Bi become
Shape, tunnel difference destructive characteristics of intersecting, draw the orientation of principal stress of observation place.
S3: predictably stress field biggest principal stress direction:
When stress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhDuring type, the orientation of principal stress of observation is main in the middle of stress field answering
Force direction, vertical direction is stress field biggest principal stress direction；When stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σhDuring type, the maximum of observation
Horizontal principal stress direction be stress field biggest principal stress direction, vertical direction be intermediate principal stress direction；When stress field is
σH＞ σh＞ σvDuring type, the orientation of principal stress of observation be stress field biggest principal stress direction, vertical direction be should
Minimum principal stress direction, the field of force.
The inventive method is compared with other stress field Forecasting Methodology, it is not necessary to arranges testing engineering, has saved test fee
With；Simultaneously as underground coal mine discloses scope extensively, roadway deformation iso-stress vestige enriches, and carries for carrying out down-hole crustal stress prediction
Having supplied condition the most easily, this Forecasting Methodology is the most effective, it is simple to underground coal mine is carried out on a large scale, therefore has wide warp
Ji and social benefit.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention made into
The detailed description of one step, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the analysis method flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the present invention utilizes intersection tunnel to judge type of g eostress field schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention intersection roadway damage characteristic pattern.
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention transportation roadway destructive characteristics figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and concrete condition, the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is elaborated.
Fig. 1 is the analysis method flow diagram of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
S1: preliminary forecasting Regional stress field type: analyze this Tectonic Evolution history and Present Tectonic feature,
When areal geology moves based on horizontal movement, and stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvType or σH＞ σv＞ σhType；When areal geology is transported
Dynamic based on lifting campaign or based on subsiding movement, type of g eostress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhType；
S2: intersect in choosing same rock stratum, tunnel (1) that Support types is essentially identical, tunnel (2), such as Fig. 2 institute
Show.
When destruction is all helped based on two in tunnel 1, tunnel 2, then stress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhType；
When tunnel 1, tunnel 2 are all based on roof and floor destruction, then stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvType；
When tunnel (1) helps destruction, (2) tunnel based on roof and floor destruction based on two, then stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σh
Type.
In the observation process of on-the-spot actual intersection tunnel, it should prioritizing selection wide-angle roadway intersection, it should Integrated comparative is many
Group intersection tunnel.
Statistics down-hole surrouding rock stress indication character (including: tunnel groove formula destruction, the plane of tension fissure and shear surface growth orientation,
The major and minor axis orientation of oval inbreak, boring closure deformation feature, roadway damage feature of intersecting), according to observation place stress trace
Mark geometric properties and horizontal stress relation, it is judged that the orientation of principal stress residing for observation place:
Destroy when groove formula and be positioned at tunnel infall, then orientation of principal stress is perpendicular to groove trend；
Destroy when groove formula and be positioned in tunnel, then orientation of principal stress wide-angle axial with tunnel intersects；
When back occurs that separation fracture is destroyed, then orientation of principal stress is parallel to separation fracture trend；
When oval roof fall occurs in back, then orientation of principal stress is perpendicular to oval long axis direction；
When back occurs that shear surface destroys, then orientation of principal stress is perpendicular to shear surface trend；
When closure deformation occurs in back boring, then maximum horizontal principal stress is perpendicular to the long axis direction of boring Guan Bi；
When there is intersecting roadway damage, then to be perpendicular to destroy the most serious tunnel axial for orientation of principal stress.
S3: the present invention analyzes, when stress field is σ according to abovev＞ σH＞ σhDuring type, the maximum horizontal principal stress of observation
Direction is stress field intermediate principal stress direction, and vertical direction is stress field biggest principal stress direction；When stress field is σH
＞ σv＞ σhDuring type, the orientation of principal stress of observation is that stress field biggest principal stress direction, vertical direction are for middle main
Stress direction；When stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvDuring type, the orientation of principal stress of observation is that stress field maximum master should
Force direction, vertical direction are stress field minimum principal stress direction.
In Jiaozuo Mine Field through applying on the spot and testing, achieve extraordinary Advantageous Effects, specifically:
1) Jiaozuo Mine Field is positioned at North-china Fault Block Margin of Southwest, is affected to stress field by North China, northeast NE to NEE, main on region
NEE-SWW to be shown as is to extrusion stress field feature, it is judged that mining area stress field is the σ taken as the leading factor with horizontal stressH＞ σv＞ σh
Type or σH＞ σh＞ σvType；
2) come into operation after certainly digging in mine laneway (3), tunnel (4), tunnel (5), all use bolt-mesh-spurting supporting mode, mesh
Front deformation-failure character more typical case (shown in Fig. 3):
Tunnel (4): axially N45 ° of W, the deformation-failure character in tunnel is vault sinking inbreak, and section is antiarch shape, and accompanies
With distension of the serious end, the tunnel roof and floor presented under lateral extrusion effect destroys.Judge that at this, on cross section of tunnel, level master should
Power is more than vertical principal stress；
Tunnel (3): axially N45 ° of E, roadway deformation destroys mainly top inbreak, and its inbreak scope and intensity are less, arch
At 45 ° and side wall middle and lower part spray-up ftractures and has end distension, encircle 45 ° at and side wall middle and lower part curve inwardly, show vertical stress
Roadway's sides under Zuo Yong destroys.Judge that at this, on cross section of tunnel, vertical stress is more than horizontal principal stress；
Tunnel (5): axially N30 ° of W, roadway damage mainly vault is come off by squeezing, and anchor pole lost efficacy, and section is antiarch shape, with
Tunnel (4) deforms similar, and one type of pressure shown under horizontal pressure force effect destroys.Preliminary judge then at this on cross section of tunnel
Horizontal principal stress is more than vertical principal stress, and it is evident that the roof destruction in this section of tunnel is the most serious from figure, it is judged that
Stress field orientation of principal stress intersects with tunnel (5) axis wide-angle；
In sum, tunnel (3), tunnel (4), tunnel (5) present roof and floor and destroy, two help to destroy and deposit, and tunnel (5)
Roof destruction scale, intensity are all higher than the feature in other two tunnels, it is possible to determine that this Regional stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σh
Type.
The main stress vestige that carried out the tunnel (6) under identical driving, maintenance, support pattern is observed, and statistical conditions are such as
Shown in table 1.
Table 1 stress mark information is added up
In place, back separation fracture, draw maximum horizontal principal stress and be parallel to fracture strike；Oval at back
Shape emits pick-up point, draws orientation of principal stress and is perpendicular to oval major axis trend, draws and obtain on digging plane graph
The stress field orientation of principal stress of observation place is that NE is to (Fig. 4).
3) can be determined that ore deposit, Gu Han mountain stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σhType, biggest principal stress direction is level, and orientation is NE
To, intermediate principal stress is vertical stress, it was predicted that result is the most identical with the result of this ore deposit hydraulic fracturing actual measurement crustal stress.At this
Other tunnel, region of mine through repeated tests and test, all achieve same or like as result, show that method is steady
Fixed reliable, intermediate principal stress is vertical stress, it was predicted that result is the most identical with the result of this ore deposit hydraulic fracturing actual measurement crustal stress.
In other tunnel, region of this mine and through repeated tests and test, all achieve same or like as result, the side of showing
Method is reliable and stable, has actual application value, can be effective to predict mining area stress field, it is ensured that Safety of Coal Mine Production,
There is significant economic and social benefit.
Table 2 hydraulic fracturing crustal stress measured result
Claims (3)
1. a underground coal mine stress field principal direction of stress Forecasting Methodology is according to Tectonic Evolution history and Recent Structural
Movement characteristic, preliminary forecasting Regional stress field type；Next to that intersect in choosing same rock stratum, the basic phase of Support types
Same tunnel determines whether observation area type of g eostress field；Meanwhile, stress vestige geometric properties under surge well, it is judged that observation
The stress field orientation of principal stress in place；Finally combine type of g eostress field and orientation of principal stress, sentence
Disconnected stress field biggest principal stress direction, intermediate principal stress direction, minimum principal stress direction.
Preliminary forecasting Regional stress field type: analyze this Tectonic Evolution history and Present Tectonic feature, work as region
Geological movement is based on horizontal movement, and stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvType or σH＞ σv＞ σhType；When areal geology moves to lift
Liter motion is main or based on subsiding movement, type of g eostress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhType.
2. intersect in choosing same rock stratum according to claim 1, tunnel (1) that Support types is essentially identical, tunnel (2),
As shown in Figure 2:
When destruction is all helped based on two in tunnel (1), tunnel (2), then stress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhType；
When tunnel (1), tunnel (2) are all based on roof and floor destruction, then stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvType；
When tunnel (1) helps destruction, tunnel (2) based on roof and floor destruction based on two, then stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σhType.
In the observation process of on-the-spot actual intersection tunnel, it should prioritizing selection wide-angle roadway intersection, it should many groups of Integrated comparative friendship
Fork tunnel.
Add up underground coal mine surrouding rock stress indication character according to claim 1 (to include: tunnel groove formula is destroyed, the plane of tension fissure and cutting
Tangent plane, oval inbreak, boring closure deformation feature, roadway damage feature of intersecting), it is judged that the maximum horizontal residing for observation place
Principal direction of stress:
Destroy when groove formula and be positioned at tunnel infall, then orientation of principal stress is perpendicular to groove trend；
Destroy when groove formula and be positioned in tunnel, then orientation of principal stress wide-angle axial with tunnel intersects；
When back occurs that separation fracture is destroyed, then orientation of principal stress is parallel to separation fracture trend；
When oval roof fall occurs in back, then orientation of principal stress is perpendicular to oval long axis direction；
When back occurs that shear surface destroys, then orientation of principal stress is perpendicular to shear surface trend；
When closure deformation occurs in back boring, then maximum horizontal principal stress is perpendicular to the long axis direction of boring Guan Bi；
When there is intersecting roadway damage, then to be perpendicular to destroy the most serious tunnel axial for orientation of principal stress.
3. according to claim 2 predictably stress field principal direction of stress.When stress field is σv＞ σH＞ σhDuring type, observation is
Big horizontal principal direction of stress is stress field intermediate principal stress direction, and vertical direction is stress field biggest principal stress direction；When
Stress field is σH＞ σv＞ σhDuring type, the orientation of principal stress of observation is stress field biggest principal stress direction, vertically
Direction is intermediate principal stress direction；When stress field is σH＞ σh＞ σvDuring type, the orientation of principal stress of observation be should
Field of force biggest principal stress direction, vertical direction are stress field minimum principal stress direction.
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Cited By (5)
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| CN108344535A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2018-07-31 | 四川大学 | Consider the horizontal effective stress test method and test device of drilling liquid pressure |
| CN109505581A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Adapt to the oval pit shaft design method of Deep ground stress |
| CN110456414A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 河南理工大学 | Mining area stress direction evaluation method |
| CN111075479A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Stability control method for surrounding rock of roadway |
| CN111948029A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-11-17 | 中南大学 | Rock mass ground stress measuring method and tensile strength uniformity measuring method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109505581A (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2019-03-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Adapt to the oval pit shaft design method of Deep ground stress |
| CN109505581B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2022-07-08 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Elliptical shaft design method suitable for deep crustal stress |
| CN110456414A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-11-15 | 河南理工大学 | Mining area stress direction evaluation method |
| CN111075479A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Stability control method for surrounding rock of roadway |
| CN111075479B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-06-15 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Stability control method for surrounding rock of roadway |
| CN111948029A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-11-17 | 中南大学 | Rock mass ground stress measuring method and tensile strength uniformity measuring method |
| CN111948029B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-08-03 | 中南大学 | Rock mass ground stress measuring method and tensile strength uniformity measuring method |
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