CN106285477B - Underground coal mine adopt gas pumping top plate face upward wear layer orientation hole construction method - Google Patents
Underground coal mine adopt gas pumping top plate face upward wear layer orientation hole construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106285477B CN106285477B CN201610770283.7A CN201610770283A CN106285477B CN 106285477 B CN106285477 B CN 106285477B CN 201610770283 A CN201610770283 A CN 201610770283A CN 106285477 B CN106285477 B CN 106285477B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 title abstract 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009532 heart rate measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006578 abscission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
- E21B10/32—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers with expansible cutting tools
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of underground coal mine adopt gas pumping top plate face upward wear layer orientation hole construction method.The present invention utilizes and treats that mining face Adjacent Working Face has dug the drill site in intake, utilize the equipments such as guide's directional tool and impact compound expanding drill tool, using multi-stage rotary chambering process, slide directional drilling technique, compound directional drilling technique and the compound chambering process of impact and creep into obtain top plate to face upward and wear a layer directional hole, it is made to enter in top plate mining induced fissure band and absciss layer area in advance, and long range major diameter extends.After drilling construction, when mining face back production, roof strata by mining influence formed on face upward with top plate to crack and to wear a layer directional hole and connect, the gas for adopting movable property life enters top plate and faces upward and wears a layer directional hole, it is utilized so as to fulfill gas pumping is adopted, it solves and currently adopts the deficiencies of aperture existing for mash gas pumping drilling is small, fissure zone extended distance is short, drilling efficiency is low, of high cost, long construction period, improve and adopt gas pumping effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a directional hole construction method and equipment, belongs to the field of underground tunnel drilling of coal mines, and particularly relates to a construction method of an upward crossing directional hole of an underground coal mine mining gas extraction roof.
Background
The coal mine gas disaster is one of main safety disasters in the process of mine construction and mine production, has huge destructiveness, and brings great hidden danger and loss to the coal mine safety production. In recent years, the coal seam gas pre-extraction technology remarkably reduces the gas content of a coal seam of a working face, but with the development of a comprehensive mechanized coal mining process of a coal mine, the working face is accelerated, and the gas emission amount during mining is increased rapidly, so that the coal seam gas pre-extraction technology becomes a key factor for restricting the safe and efficient mining of some mines.
At present, most mines adopt a caving method to manage a coal seam roof, after a coal seam is mined, a caving zone, a fissure zone and a bending subsidence zone sequentially exist on a section of an overlying rock layer of a goaf from bottom to top, and a coal wall support affected zone, a separation zone and a recompaction zone sequentially exist on a plane. Two types of fractures exist in the fractured zone and the delamination zone: one is a separation layer crack which is a layer-along crack which appears between layers along with the subsidence of a rock stratum, and the separation layer crack can cause the coal layer to generate expansion deformation so as to release the pressure of the gas and cause the released gas to flow out along the separation layer; the other type is a vertical fracture, which is a layer-through fracture formed along with the subsidence fracture of the rock stratum and forms a gas flowing channel between the upper rock stratum and the lower rock stratum. Under the combined action of gas and air density difference and goaf air leakage, a large amount of high-concentration gas is gathered in goaf roof cracks near the upper corner of the working face. Under the action of ventilation negative pressure and the change of atmospheric pressure, gas stored in the roof fracture zone can enter mining areas or mine roadways through the airtight walls or coal pillar fractures, and the ventilation burden and unsafe factors are increased.
According to the goaf roof development theory, the gas migration rule and the gas extraction requirement, a large amount of research is developed domestically, a high-position roadway goaf gas underground extraction method is formed, and two goaf gas underground extraction methods of a high-position roadway and a high-position drill hole are formed, but the high-position roadway is high in tunneling cost and long in construction period, and the technical popularization is limited to a certain extent; high-order drilling all has tested in many mining areas such as the spring of china's yang, shenyang, iron law, huai nan, and has obtained fine effect, but because it does not possess drilling track measurement and control ability, can't ensure that the drilling track extends at goaf crack area, and the drilling depth is shallow and effective hole section is short, and the coverage area is little, and the aperture is little, and the engineering volume is big, and it is low to creep into efficiency, and construction cycle is long and with high costs height is not enough, brings certain resistance for the high-efficient coal mining of ore side.
Therefore, the construction method for the upward crossing directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof is researched and designed by combining the gas extraction needs of the mining area and the goaf in the coal seam mining process and aiming at the defects of the existing underground coal mine high-position drilling method, and the defects are overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of an upward crossing directional hole of an underground coal mine mining gas extraction roof, aiming at the defects of small aperture, short extension distance of a fracture zone, low drilling efficiency, high cost, long construction period and the like of the conventional underground coal mine mining gas extraction drill hole.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
a construction method for a coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof upward crossing layer directional hole comprises the following steps:
designing a drilling track of a top upward elevation crossing layer directional hole by utilizing the coal seam mining fracture zone and the mining abscission zone determined by analysis;
before stoping of the working face, opening holes in a coal seam of a drilling field in an air intake roadway dug by the adjacent working faces of the underground working face to be stoped according to the drilling track, constructing a top plate upward-facing layer-penetrating directional hole, penetrating through an overlying top plate rock layer, entering a mining fracture zone and extending for a long distance;
when the working face is stoped to the range of the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole of the top plate, the gas generated by mining is extracted by utilizing the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole of the top plate; and stopping extracting when the working face is stoped to the position outside the range of the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole of the top plate.
Preferably, the construction method of the upward through layer directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof comprises the following steps:
the drilling method comprises the following steps that an upward casing hole section from the coal seam drilling to the coal seam drilling is drilled, the inclination angle of the drilled hole is 12-20 degrees, and the drilling hole is used for descending a fixed casing and a movable casing, wherein the inner diameter of the fixed casing is more than or equal to 200mm, and the outer diameter of the movable casing is less than or equal to 150 mm;
drilling a coal bed from a drilling hole to a directional deflecting hole section between mining fracture zones, wherein the bending strength of the directional deflecting hole section is less than or equal to 1 degree/3 m;
the dip angle of the directional steady-dip hole section extending along the long distance of the mining-induced fracture zone is more than or equal to 0 degree.
Preferably, the construction quantity of the upward-facing layer-penetrating directional holes of the underground coal mine gas extraction roof is a plurality of upward-facing layer-penetrating directional holes, the upward-facing layer-penetrating directional holes are arranged in a cluster form on a plane, the upward-facing layer-penetrating directional holes of each roof are arranged in parallel along directional inclined stabilizing hole sections extending along the length of the mining fracture zone, the distance between adjacent drill holes is 7-10 m, and the distance between each directional inclined stabilizing hole section and an excavated air return roadway of a working face to be mined is not less than 15m and is positioned in a mining separation zone.
Preferably, in the construction method for the upward-facing layer-penetrating directional hole of the underground coal mine mining gas extraction roof, the distance between the drill sites is the horizontal projection length of the directional steady-slope hole section of the upward-facing layer-penetrating directional hole of the roof extending along the mining fracture zone length.
Optimally, the construction method of the upward crossing layer directional hole of the coal mine underground gas extraction roof,
the construction from the coal seam hole opening to the upward casing hole section drilled out of the coal seam is carried out by adopting a step-by-step rotary hole expanding process, after hole expanding is completed, a hole sealing casing is put in, then an exhaust pipe and a grouting pipe are inserted into an annular gap between the hole sealing casing and a hole wall, then a rapid-setting polyurethane two-material hole sealing material and gypsum are adopted to seal the annular gap of the hole opening, and cement slurry is injected into the grouting pipe after the gypsum is solidified; stopping grouting when cement slurry flows out of the exhaust pipe, and waiting for setting for several hours.
Drilling a coal bed from a drilling hole to a directional deflecting hole section between mining fracture zones, and performing pilot directional hole construction by using a pilot directional drilling tool and adopting a sliding directional drilling process;
and (3) carrying out pilot directional hole construction by using a pilot directional drilling tool and adopting a composite directional drilling process along the directional inclined hole section extending along the mining-induced fracture zone in a long distance.
Preferably, in the construction method of the upward through layer directional hole of the underground coal mine gas extraction roof, the hole forming diameter of the pilot directional hole is 120mm, the hole expanding and hole forming construction is performed after the designed depth is reached, an impact composite hole expanding drilling tool is used, an impact composite hole expanding process is adopted, the hole expanding and hole forming diameter is larger than or equal to 200mm, and the drill is lifted after the hole is expanded to the bottom of the hole.
Preferably, the construction method of the upward overhead crossing layer directional hole of the coal mine underground gas extraction roof is characterized in that the pilot directional drilling tool comprises a rock stratum directional drill bit, a four-level bend shell screw motor, a non-magnetic drilling tool, a one-way stop short section, a hollow outer flat drill rod and a rotary water feeder which are sequentially connected; wherein: the four-level bent shell screw motor is driven by high-pressure water, and the head of the four-level bent shell screw motor is provided with a certain bending angle; a water pulse measurement while drilling instrument is fixed in the non-magnetic drilling tool, so that the drilling track can be measured in real time in the drilling process, and a signal is transmitted to an orifice by using high-pressure water for drilling to obtain a real drilling track of the drilling hole; and a one-way check valve is arranged in the one-way stop nipple.
Preferably, the construction method for the upward-facing crossing directional hole of the underground coal mine gas extraction roof comprises the following steps: the guide device, the spiral expanding bit, the straight-through screw motor, the hydraulic impactor, the centralizer, the one-way stop short section, the hollow outer flat drill rod and the rotary water feeder are connected in sequence; wherein the top end of the guider is of a spherical structure, spiral blades are milled and washed on the periphery of the guider, and hard alloy gauge protection is welded in an inlaid mode; the straight-through screw motor is driven by high-pressure water, the angle of the elbow is 0 degree, a stabilizer is arranged between the elbow of the straight-through screw motor and the motor assembly, and the outer diameters of the stabilizer and the stabilizer are smaller than that of the spiral expanding bit.
Therefore, the invention establishes a multi-stage rotary reaming process, a sliding directional drilling process, a composite directional drilling process, an impact composite reaming process and a technical scheme of drilling a top upward through layer directional hole by corresponding construction equipment by utilizing a drilling field in a return air roadway of a working face to be mined, realizes the large-diameter directional drilling construction in a top mining fracture zone and an isolated layer zone, extends in a long distance and a large diameter, obviously improves the mining gas extraction effect, ensures the safe and efficient recovery of the working face, and has the following advantages: (1) the remote construction can be carried out in the air inlet roadway of the adjacent working face before the air return roadway of the working face to be mined is not communicated, so that the mining preparation period of the working face to be mined is saved; (2) the diameter of the formed hole is large, and the drilling efficiency is high; (3) the coverage area of the drill hole is large, the drilling workload is small, and the gas extraction in the goaf area of the working face can be realized by a small number of upward overhead crossing directional holes of the roof; (4) effective hole sections of the drill holes in the mining fracture zone and the separation zone are increased, and the utilization rate of the drill holes is improved; (5) the method can simultaneously extract the gas of the upper adjacent layer, explore the geological structure of the top plate and dredge the water-bearing body of the top plate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a top plate with bottom through-layer directional holes.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the top plate with the directional holes facing upward.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a pilot directional drilling assembly connection.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a percussive compound reamer assembly connection.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
In the figure, a working face 1 to be mined, an air inlet roadway 2, an air return roadway 3, a drill site 4, a roof upward elevation layer-penetrating directional hole 5, a mining fracture zone 6, a mining separation zone 7, a rock stratum directional drill bit 8, a four-level bend shell screw motor 9, a non-magnetic drilling tool 10, a one-way stop short section 11, a hollow outer flat drill rod 12, a rotary water feeder 13, a guider 14, a spiral hole expanding drill bit 15, a straight-through screw motor 16, a hydraulic impactor 17, a centralizer 18, a stabilizer 19, an upward elevation casing hole section a, a directional deflecting hole section b and a directional steady-slope hole section c.
Example (b):
the following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein,
example (b):
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the construction method of the upward crossing directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the drill site 4 is prepared. A plurality of drill sites 4 are expanded in an air inlet roadway 2 dug by adjacent working faces of an underground working face 1 to be mined, and the distance between the adjacent drill sites 4 is equal to the horizontal projection length of a directional steady inclined hole section c of a top plate overhead layer-penetrating directional hole 5.
Step two: and (5) drilling design. According to the occurrence condition and the mining scheme of the mine coal seam roof, determining the mining overburden rock change rule of the roof rock layer by adopting methods such as existing model simulation analysis, theoretical formula calculation and the like, obtaining the range of a fracture zone 6 on the roof rock layer section and the range of an off-layer zone 7 on the plane after the coal seam is mined, and completing the track design of the overhead penetrating directional hole 5 of the roof.
Step three: and constructing an upward casing hole section a. And the upward casing hole section a is constructed by adopting a step-by-step rotary reaming process, namely, a casing construction drilling tool I is used for drilling a sleeve hole with phi of 120mm, then a casing construction drilling tool II is used for reaming to phi of 153mm, and then a casing construction drilling tool III is used for reaming to phi of 215 mm. After hole expansion is completed, firstly, a 9mPVC hole sealing sleeve is put in, then an exhaust pipe and a grouting pipe are inserted into an annular gap between the PVC hole sealing sleeve and a hole wall, the exhaust pipe is inserted into the bottom of the sleeve, the grouting pipe is inserted into the annular gap, then a rapid-setting polyurethane two-material hole sealing material and gypsum are adopted to seal the annular gap of the hole opening, and cement slurry is injected into the grouting pipe after the gypsum is solidified; stopping grouting when cement slurry flows out of the exhaust pipe, and waiting for setting for 8 hours.
Step four: and constructing a pilot directional hole. Connecting an orifice device, constructing by using a pilot directional drilling tool, constructing a directional deflecting hole section b by adopting a sliding directional drilling process, and constructing a directional steady-deflecting hole section c by adopting a composite directional drilling process; and (4) forming the hole with the pilot directional hole with the diameter of 120mm, and lifting the drill after the designed depth is reached.
Step five: and (6) reaming and forming holes. And (3) constructing by using the impact composite reaming drill tool assembly, adopting an impact composite reaming process, reaming and forming holes with the diameter being more than or equal to 200mm, and lifting the drill after reaming to the bottom of the hole.
Step six: and (5) completing the hole sleeving. And (5) descending a movable steel sleeve to enter a rock stratum by 3m, and connecting the orifice gas extraction device.
Step seven: the area is covered. And (5) repeating the step 3 to the step 6, finishing the upward penetration of all roof plates of all the drilling sites 4 of the working face 1 to be mined, and covering the air return side separation layer area 7 of the working face 1 to be mined.
Step eight: and extracting mining gas. Extracting gas generated by mining by utilizing the upward overhead penetrating layer directional hole 5 of the top plate when the working face is in the range of the upward overhead penetrating layer directional hole 5 of the top plate; and stopping extracting after the working face is stoped to the position outside the range of the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole 5 of the top plate, and taking out the movable steel sleeve in the hole.
The cross section of the roof upward elevation crossing layer directional hole 5 is provided with an upward elevation hole from the coal seam, penetrates through the roof overlying strata, enters the mining fracture area and extends for a long distance; the hole-forming device can be divided into an upward casing hole section a, a directional deflecting hole section b and a directional steady-deflecting hole section c. Wherein the upward casing hole section a refers to a hole section from the coal seam to the coal seam drilled, the inclination angle of the drilled hole is 12-20 degrees, a first-stage fixed casing and a first-stage movable casing are put in, the inner diameter of the fixed casing is more than or equal to 200mm, and the outer diameter of the movable casing is less than or equal to 150 mm; the directional deflecting hole section b is a hole section between the coal seam drilled by the drill hole and the mining fracture zone 6, and the bending strength of the drill hole is less than or equal to 1 degree/3 m; the directional steady inclined hole section c is a hole section which extends along the mining fracture zone 6 for a long distance, and the inclination angle is more than or equal to 0 degree; the upward elevation layer-penetrating directional holes 5 of the top plate are mutually overlapped, and the overlapping length of the drill holes of the adjacent drill sites 4 is the sum of the horizontal projection lengths of the upward elevation casing hole section a and the directional deflecting hole section b.
The construction quantity of the upward-facing layer-penetrating directional holes 5 of the top plate is more than or equal to 3, and the specific quantity is determined according to the width of a separation layer 7 of a working surface 1 to be mined; the plane is arranged in a cluster mode, the directional inclined stabilizing hole sections c are arranged in parallel, the distance between adjacent drill holes is 7-10 m, the distance between the adjacent drill holes and the excavated air return roadway 3 of the working face 1 to be mined is not less than 15m, and the adjacent drill holes are positioned in the separation layer.
The casing construction drilling tool assembly in the step 3 is formed by sequentially connecting a rock stratum directional drill bit 8 with the diameter of phi 120mm and a hollow outer flat drill rod 12; the second casing construction drilling tool assembly is formed by sequentially connecting a phi 120mm guider, a phi 120/153mm common reamer bit and a hollow outer flat drill rod 12; and the construction drilling tool assembly III is formed by sequentially connecting a guider with the diameter of 153mm, a common reamer bit with the diameter of 153/215mm and a hollow outer flat drill rod 12.
When the roof upward elevation crossing layer directional hole 5 is constructed, the working face 1 to be mined does not start mining, and a mining-induced fracture zone 6 and a mining-induced separation zone 7 are stable rock strata; after the drilling construction is finished, when the stoping of the working face 1 is finished, the top plate on the upper portion of the working face collapses and breaks under the influence of the mining action to form a mining action fracture zone 6 and a mining action separation zone 7, an upward fracture in the mining action fracture zone is communicated with the upward through layer directional hole 5 of the top plate, and gas generated by mining action enters the upward through layer directional hole 5 of the top plate along the fracture under the action of negative pressure extraction, large-flow ventilation and gravity, so that the gas extraction utilization is realized.
Referring to fig. 3, the pilot directional drilling tool assembly in the step 4 is formed by sequentially connecting a phi 120mm rock stratum directional drill bit 8, a four-stage bent shell screw motor 9, a non-magnetic drilling tool 10, a one-way stop short section 11, a hollow outer flat drill rod 12 and a rotary water feeder 13, wherein the phi 89mm four-stage bent shell screw motor 9 is driven by high-pressure water, the outer diameter is phi 89mm, the elbow angle is 1.25 degrees, and the torque is more than or equal to 1000 Nm; a water pulse measurement while drilling instrument is fixed in the nonmagnetic drilling tool 10, so that the drilling track can be measured in real time in the drilling process, and a signal is transmitted to an orifice by using high-pressure water for drilling to obtain the actual drilling track of the drilling hole and provide reference for directional drilling; a one-way check valve is arranged in the one-way stop nipple 11, so that water in the hollow outer flat drill rod 12 and the top plate upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole 5 can be prevented from flowing back from the hollow outer flat drill rod 12, and one check valve is added every 100 m; the outer diameter of the hollow outer flat drill rod 12 is phi 89mm, the torsion resistance is more than or equal to 35000Nm, and the tensile resistance is more than or equal to 1500 kN. The sliding directional drilling process means that in the drilling process, the hollow outer flat drill rod 12 does not rotate, and the four-stage bent shell screw motor 9 drives the rock stratum directional drill bit 8 with the diameter of 120mm to rotate to crush rock in the designated direction. The composite directional drilling is that in the drilling process, the drill hole drilling machine drives the hollow outer flat drill rod 12 to drive the phi 120mm rock stratum directional drill bit 8 to rotate for rock crushing, and simultaneously, the four-stage bent shell screw motor 9 in the hole drives the phi 120mm rock stratum directional drill bit 8 to rotate for rock crushing under the drive of high-pressure water.
Referring to fig. 4, the percussion compound reaming drilling tool assembly in step 5 is formed by sequentially connecting a guider 14, a spiral reaming bit 15, a straight screw motor 16, a hydraulic impactor 17, a centralizer 18, a one-way cut-off nipple 11, a hollow outer flat drill rod 12 and a rotary water feeder 13; wherein the length of the guider 14 is more than or equal to 0.4m, the outer diameter is 110mm, the top end is of a spherical structure, spiral blades are milled and washed on the periphery, and hard alloy gauge protection is welded on the periphery; the outer diameter of the spiral expanding bit 15 is more than or equal to 200 mm; the straight-through screw motor 16 is driven by high-pressure water, the outer diameter is 89mm, the angle of an elbow is 0 degree, a stabilizer 19 is arranged between the elbow and the motor assembly, and the outer diameter of the stabilizer 19 is 1mm smaller than the outer diameter of the spiral reamer bit 15; the outer diameter of the centralizer 18 is 1mm smaller than the outer diameter of the helical reamer bit 15; one unidirectional cut-off nipple 11 is added every 100 m. The impact composite reaming process is characterized in that in the reaming process, the driving of an orifice drilling machine is combined with the driving of a straight-through screw motor 16 in a hole, and the hydraulic impactor 17 in the hole drives the helical reaming bit 15 to impact crushed rock while the helical reaming bit 15 rotates to crush rock.
Although terms such as the working face 1 to be mined, the air intake roadway 2, the air return roadway 3, the drill site 4, the roof elevation penetrating directional hole 5, the mining fissure zone 6, the mining separation zone 7, the rock stratum directional drill bit 8, the four-level bend shell screw motor 9, the non-magnetic drilling tool 10, the one-way cut-off short section 11, the hollow outer flat drill rod 12, the rotary water feeder 13, the guider 14, the spiral reamer bit 15, the straight-through screw motor 16, the hydraulic impactor 17, the centralizer 18, the stabilizer 19, the elevation casing hole section a, the directional deflecting hole section b, the directional deflecting hole section c and the like are used more frequently, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely to more conveniently describe and explain the nature of the present invention; they are to be construed as being without limitation to any additional limitations that may be imposed by the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A construction method for an upward crossing directional hole of a coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof is characterized by comprising the following steps:
designing a drilling track of a top elevation penetrating layer directional hole (5) by utilizing the coal seam mining-induced fracture zone (6) and the mining separation zone (7) determined by analysis;
before stoping of the working face, opening holes in a coal seam of a drilling site (4) in an underground air inlet roadway (2) dug by the adjacent working face of the working face (1) to be mined according to the drilling track, constructing a top plate upward elevation layer penetrating directional hole (5), penetrating through an overlying top plate rock layer, entering a mining fracture zone (6) and extending for a long distance;
when the working face is stoped to the range of the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole (5) of the top plate, gas generated by mining is extracted by utilizing the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole (5) of the top plate; stopping extraction when the working face is stoped to the position outside the range of the upward overhead penetrating layer directional hole (5) of the top plate;
the distance between the drilling sites (4) is the horizontal projection length of a directional steady inclined hole section of the upward overhead layer-penetrating directional hole (5) of the top plate extending along the long distance of the mining fracture zone.
2. The construction method of the upward overhead crossing layer directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof according to claim 1, wherein the upward overhead crossing layer directional hole (5) of the roof comprises:
the drilling method comprises the following steps that an upward casing hole section from the coal seam drilling to the coal seam drilling is drilled, the inclination angle of the drilled hole is 12-20 degrees, and the drilling hole is used for descending a fixed casing and a movable casing, wherein the inner diameter of the fixed casing is more than or equal to 200mm, and the outer diameter of the movable casing is less than or equal to 150 mm;
drilling a coal bed from a drilling hole to a directional deflecting hole section between mining fracture zones, wherein the bending strength of the directional deflecting hole section is less than or equal to 1 degree/3 m;
the dip angle of the directional steady-dip hole section extending along the long distance of the mining-induced fracture zone is more than or equal to 0 degree.
3. The construction method of the upward elevation crossing directional holes of the underground coal mine gas extraction roof according to claim 1, characterized in that the construction number of the upward elevation crossing directional holes (5) of the roof is a plurality and the upward elevation crossing directional holes are arranged in a cluster form on a plane, the upward elevation crossing directional holes (5) of each roof are arranged in parallel along directional steady inclined hole sections extending along the length of a mining fracture zone, the distance between adjacent drill holes is 7m-10m, the distance between the directional steady inclined hole sections and an excavated return airway (3) of a working face (1) to be mined is not less than 15m, and the directional steady inclined hole sections are located in a mining separation zone (7).
4. The method for constructing the upward through-layer directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof according to claim 1,
the construction from the coal seam hole opening to the upward casing hole section drilled out of the coal seam is carried out by adopting a step-by-step rotary hole expanding process, after hole expanding is completed, a hole sealing casing is put in, then an exhaust pipe and a grouting pipe are inserted into an annular gap between the hole sealing casing and a hole wall, then a rapid-setting polyurethane two-material hole sealing material and gypsum are adopted to seal the annular gap of the hole opening, and cement slurry is injected into the grouting pipe after the gypsum is solidified; stopping grouting when cement slurry flows out of the exhaust pipe, and waiting for setting for a plurality of hours;
drilling a coal bed from a drilling hole to a directional deflecting hole section between mining fracture zones, and performing pilot directional hole construction by using a pilot directional drilling tool and adopting a sliding directional drilling process;
and (3) carrying out pilot directional hole construction by using a pilot directional drilling tool and adopting a composite directional drilling process along the directional inclined hole section extending along the mining-induced fracture zone in a long distance.
5. The construction method of the upward through layer directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof is characterized in that the hole forming diameter of the pilot directional hole is 120mm, the hole expanding and hole forming construction is carried out after the designed depth is reached, an impact composite hole expanding drilling tool is used, an impact composite hole expanding process is adopted, the hole expanding and hole forming diameter is larger than or equal to 200mm, and the drill is lifted after the hole is expanded to the bottom of the hole.
6. The construction method of the upward overhead crossing layer directional hole of the coal mine underground mining gas extraction roof according to claim 4, characterized in that the pilot directional drilling tool comprises a rock layer directional drill bit (8), a four-level bend shell screw motor (9), a non-magnetic drilling tool (10), a one-way stopping short section (11), a hollow outer flat drill rod (12) and a rotary water feeder (13) which are sequentially connected; wherein: the four-level bent shell screw motor (9) is driven by high-pressure water, and the head of the four-level bent shell screw motor is provided with a certain bending angle; a water pulse measurement while drilling instrument is fixed in the non-magnetic drilling tool (10), so that the drilling track can be measured in real time in the drilling process, and a signal is transmitted to an orifice by using high-pressure water for drilling to obtain a real drilling track of the drilling hole; a one-way check valve is arranged in the one-way stop nipple (11).
7. The construction method of the upward overhead crossing layer directional hole of the coal mine underground gas extraction roof according to claim 5, wherein the impact composite hole expanding drill comprises: the device comprises a guider (14), a spiral expanding bit (15), a straight-through screw motor (16), a hydraulic impactor (17), a centralizer (18), a one-way cut-off short section (11), a hollow outer flat drill rod (12) and a rotary water feeder (13) which are connected in sequence; wherein the top end of the guider (14) is of a spherical structure, spiral blades are milled and washed on the periphery of the guider, and hard alloy gauge protection is welded on the periphery of the guider; the straight-through screw motor (16) is driven by high-pressure water, the angle of the elbow is 0 degree, a stabilizer (19) is arranged between the elbow of the straight-through screw motor (16) and the motor assembly, and the outer diameters of the stabilizer (19) and the centralizer (18) are smaller than the outer diameter of the spiral reamer bit (15).
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