CN106285476B - A kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses guidance method - Google Patents
A kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses guidance method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses guidance methods, method includes the following steps: 1) turning deep seismic data in known oil gas field work area to three-dimensional prestack time and explaining, obtain to the initial guided modes of drilling well；2) lithology, electrical property and the Seismic reflection character of each reference lamina in oil gas field work area and purpose oil-gas Layer and adjacent formations are determined；3) before positive drilling well enters target, real-time update is carried out to velocity field, obtains positive drilling well modified guided modes；4) when will enter target after positive drilling well bores and meets reference lamina, predict that positive drilling well enters target spot height above sea level depth, and carry out track optimizing before target；5) after positive drilling well enters target, renewal speed field again, to obtain newest guided modes；6) under the guidance of newest guided modes, analysis is bored in conjunction with real, carries out horizontal segment guiding.The present invention provides a kind of Seismology and Geology integrated guidance method that can correct guided modes in real time, guarantees that horizontal well can accurately enter target zone, and efficiently walk in target zone.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to natural petroleum gas field technical field more particularly to a kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses
Guidance method.
Background technique
The draining gas area of target payzone can be significantly increased in horizontal drilling, improve the production efficiency of oil-gas Layer, be fine and close
The key of the unconventional oil and gas reservoir Efficient Development such as oil reservoir, shale gas reservoir.In the drilling process of horizontal well, guiding is played to pass
Important role, it is to guarantee that horizontal well accurately enters target zone, the key that safeguard level section is efficiently walked in oil-gas Layer, directly
Connect the single well productivity for affecting horizontal well.
Traditional horizontal drilling guiding generally comprises: bore it is leading to model foundation, with entering before target track optimizing and horizontal segment
Matter guiding.Currently, guided modes are substantially changeless, when there are guided modes and reality during horizontal drilling guiding
When brill strata condition is not inconsistent, it is difficult to effectively Guidance Levels well drilling well in real time.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that for the defects in the prior art, a kind of horizontal drilling is provided in real time
Shake geological syntheses guidance method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses are led
To method, comprising the following steps:
1) in known oil gas field work area, deep seismic data is turned to existing three-dimensional prestack time and is explained, with implementing work area
Matter construction feature and purpose oil-gas Layer structural configuration, with the seismic profile of well bore track excessively to be drilled for initial guided modes；
2) well rock core, well logging and a well-log information are led according to the finishing drilling of oil gas field work area, regional stratum is divided, determined
Lithology, electrical property and the Seismic reflection character of each reference lamina in region and purpose oil-gas Layer and adjacent formations；
3) before positive drilling well enters target, collect in time obtain new drilled well bore in fact the coordinate of reference lamina characteristic point, bushing height above sea level and
Vertical depth data are carried out real-time update to velocity field, and are carried out turning deep to three-dimensional prestack time seismic data using most current speed field
Processing；Then, it is used as and changes in the seismic profile that newest prestack time turns decimated positive well-drilling borehole track in deep seismic data cube
Into type guided modes；
Velocity field real time updating method is as follows: collecting new drilled well in time and bores the coordinate of reference lamina characteristic point, bushing sea in fact
It pulls out and calculates Error Trend face under the premise of old velocity field is controlled as quality with vertical depth data；It is initially oriented in conjunction with obtaining
The velocity field of model is corrected Error Trend face；Under the premise of finally carrying out quality control to the Error Trend face after correction
Xiu Bian whole district 3D velocity field；
4) when positive drilling well bore meet reference lamina after will enter target when, according to nearby lead a well or bored offset well oil-gas Layer hang down
Thickness carries out comprehensive analysis and calculating in conjunction with reference lamina feature and modified guided modes, and it is deep to predict that positive drilling well enters target spot height above sea level
Degree, and carry out track optimizing before target；
5) after positive drilling well enters target, if the purpose layer depth in guided modes pierces the absolute of target spot purpose layer depth with real
Error is more than the 10% of target zone thickness, then enters the real coordinate for boring reference lamina characteristic point of target spot, bushing height above sea level using this in time and hang down
Deep data update velocity field again, obtain more accurate newest guided modes；
6) under the guidance of newest guided modes, analysis is bored in conjunction with real, carries out horizontal segment guiding.
According to the above scheme, the horizontal segment guiding after target is entered in the step 6) can be subdivided into three aspects: drill bit is in target
The relationship of location confirmation in layer, drilling direction and stratigraphic dip confirms that the anticipation of drill bit earth layer in front situation and well track adjust；
6.1) it location confirmation of the drill bit in destination layer: according to reference lamina signature analysis, surveys and bores in conjunction with well logging lithology, gas
When analyze, expansion substratum fine correlation research, determine substratum locating for drill bit and the distance away from the substratum top bottom；Such as guiding
Purpose of model layer depth and real 10% for boring purpose layer depth absolute error and being more than target zone thickness, need to be special according to target zone is bored in fact
The coordinate, bushing height above sea level and vertical depth data for levying point carry out velocity field update and substitute with guided modes；
6.2) relationship of drilling direction and stratigraphic dip confirms: according to Measurement While Drilling Data and stratigraphic dip relationship, judgement
Mutual meet relationship between drilling trajectory and substratum；The Measurement While Drilling Data includes the vertical depth of positive drilling well, depth measurement, hole deviation
Angle, azimuth；
6.3) anticipation of drill bit earth layer in front situation and the adjustment of well track: according to newest guided modes, by front
Layer occurrence, the judgement for constructing situation, in conjunction with the analysis of first two steps, to control well track to greatest extent in high-quality purpose oil gas interval
Principle of conduct is worn, real time monitoring and adjustment, guidance orientation construction are made to well track.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention immobilizes for initial guided modes in the prior art and is difficult to completely
Full international standard drilling guidance, provides a kind of Seismology and Geology integrated guidance method that can correct guided modes in real time, and the present invention exists
The guided modes of different drilling phases are variations, and the geology for becoming closer to drilling well announcement is true, more and more finely, symbol
The real-time of horizontal drilling guiding has been closed, has guaranteed that horizontal well can accurately enter target zone, and efficiently walk in target zone.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the initial guided modes of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is each reference lamina Seismic reflection character figure of region of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is each reference lamina lithology and electrical property feature figure of region of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is velocity field real-time update flow chart proposed by the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the modified guided modes in implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention according to new drilled well acquisition of information；
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention enters target spot vertical depth prognostic chart；
Fig. 7 is the newest guided modes that foundation enters acquisition of information after target in implementation process of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is live effect of embodiment of the present invention figure；
Fig. 9 is flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.
As shown in figure 9, a kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses guidance method, comprising the following steps:
1) in known oil gas field work area, deep seismic data is turned to existing three-dimensional prestack time and is explained, with implementing work area
Matter construction feature and purpose oil-gas Layer structural configuration, with the seismic profile of well bore track excessively to be drilled for initial guided modes；
2) well rock core, well logging and a well-log information are led according to the finishing drilling of oil gas field work area, regional stratum is divided, determined
Lithology, electrical property and the Seismic reflection character of each reference lamina in region and purpose oil-gas Layer and adjacent formations；
3) before positive drilling well enters target, collect in time obtain new drilled well bore in fact the coordinate of reference lamina characteristic point, bushing height above sea level and
Vertical depth data are carried out real-time update to velocity field, and are carried out turning deep to three-dimensional prestack time seismic data using most current speed field
Processing；Then, it is used as and changes in the seismic profile that newest prestack time turns decimated positive well-drilling borehole track in deep seismic data cube
Into type guided modes；
Velocity field real time updating method is as follows: collecting new drilled well in time and bores the coordinate of reference lamina characteristic point, bushing sea in fact
It pulls out and calculates Error Trend face under the premise of old velocity field is controlled as quality with vertical depth data；It is initially oriented in conjunction with obtaining
The velocity field of model is corrected Error Trend face；Under the premise of finally carrying out quality control to the Error Trend face after correction
Xiu Bian whole district 3D velocity field；
4) when positive drilling well bore meet reference lamina after will enter target when, according to nearby lead a well or bored offset well oil-gas Layer hang down
Thickness carries out comprehensive analysis and calculating in conjunction with reference lamina feature and modified guided modes, and it is deep to predict that positive drilling well enters target spot height above sea level
Degree, and carry out track optimizing before target；
5) after positive drilling well enters target, if the purpose layer depth in guided modes pierces the absolute of target spot purpose layer depth with real
Error is more than the 10% of target zone thickness, then enters the real coordinate for boring reference lamina characteristic point of target spot, bushing height above sea level using this in time and hang down
Deep data update velocity field again, obtain more accurate newest guided modes；
6) under the guidance of newest guided modes, analysis is bored in conjunction with real, carries out horizontal segment guiding.
Horizontal segment guiding after entering target in step 6) can be subdivided into three aspects: location confirmation of the drill bit in destination layer,
The confirmation of the relationship of drilling direction and stratigraphic dip, the anticipation of drill bit earth layer in front situation and the adjustment of well track；
6.1) it location confirmation of the drill bit in destination layer: according to reference lamina signature analysis, surveys and bores in conjunction with well logging lithology, gas
When analyze, expansion substratum fine correlation research, determine substratum locating for drill bit and the distance away from the substratum top bottom；Such as guiding
Purpose of model layer depth and real 10% for boring purpose layer depth absolute error and being more than target zone thickness, need to be special according to target zone is bored in fact
The coordinate, bushing height above sea level and vertical depth data for levying point carry out velocity field update and substitute with guided modes；
6.2) relationship of drilling direction and stratigraphic dip confirms: according to Measurement While Drilling Data and stratigraphic dip relationship, judgement
Mutual meet relationship between drilling trajectory and substratum；The Measurement While Drilling Data includes the vertical depth of positive drilling well, depth measurement, hole deviation
Angle, azimuth；
6.3) anticipation of drill bit earth layer in front situation and the adjustment of well track: according to newest guided modes, by front
Layer occurrence, the judgement for constructing situation, in conjunction with the analysis of first two steps, to control well track to greatest extent in high-quality purpose oil gas interval
Principle of conduct is worn, real time monitoring and adjustment, guidance orientation construction are made to well track.
Further the method for the present invention is illustrated below with reference to specific example and schematic diagram:
1) in known oil gas field work area, deep seismic data is turned to three-dimensional prestack time and is explained, to cross to well-drilling borehole
The seismic profile of track is initial guided modes.As shown in Figure 1, the projection position of mark platform, A target spot, B target spot on section
It sets, A target spot and B target spot height above sea level depth, away from, A-B horizontal distance, A-B stratigraphic dip before target.
2) based on leading well rock core, well logging and a well-log information by the finishing drilling of oil gas field work area, regional stratum is divided,
It determines lithology, electrical property and the Seismic reflection character of each reference lamina in region and purpose oil-gas Layer and adjacent formations, was oriented to be subsequent
The determination of bit location lays the foundation in journey.Fig. 2 is each reference lamina (P1、sand-top、O3W) response on seismic profile is special
Sign, Fig. 3 be each substratum of oil-gas Layer and on cover response characteristic of the turbid long-pending sand on log, 1. the target zone of horizontal development well is
~ 3. substratum, thickness about 40m.
3) positive drilling well has new well finishing drilling before three open in oil gas field work area.At this point, collect new drilled well bores reference lamina in fact
Coordinate, bushing height above sea level and the vertical depth data of characteristic point carry out real-time update to velocity field, and more new technological process is as shown in Figure 4.
4) three-dimensional prestack time seismic data is carried out using most current speed field turning depths reason, then obtains modified guiding
Model, it is last to be optimized according to modified guided modes to the preceding track of target is entered.As shown in figure 5, compared with original guided modes,
A target spot, B target spot prediction height above sea level depth have distinguished than before deeply 53m, 95m in modified guided modes；The stratum A-B form is by it
It is preceding it is micro- have a down dip (0.22 °) become two sections of amplitudes it is bigger have a down dip (1.5 °, 5.5 °).
5) three open target before, bore after meeting turbid long-pending sand reference lamina (sand-top), in conjunction with reference lamina feature (Fig. 2, Fig. 3) and
Modified guided modes (Fig. 5) predict that into target spot height above sea level depth be -2718m, as shown in fig. 6, advanced optimizing track again.
6) after entering target, it is real bore A target spot height above sea level depth be A target spot height above sea level depth in -2718m, with modified guided modes (-
2723m, Fig. 5) absolute error be 5m, be more than the 10% of major pay thickness (40m).Therefore, mesh at A target spot is bored using real
Layer coordinate, bushing height above sea level and vertical depth data, carry out velocity field real-time update again and three-dimensional prestack time seismic data turn
Depths reason, obtains newest guided modes.As shown in fig. 7, the stratum A-B form is had a down dip change by two big sections in modified guided modes
In order to which six segments in newest guided modes rise and fall.
7) be guidance with newest guided modes, in conjunction with position of the drill bit during real bore in destination layer, drilling direction with
The relationship of stratigraphic dip carries out drilling guidance to horizontal segment, it is fine to be eventually led to effect.In Fig. 8, A-B horizontal segment 1. ~ it is 3. small
It is 100% that layer, which walks rate,.
By comparing, the present invention is variation in the guided modes of different drilling phases, and becomes closer to drilling well and take off
The geology shown is true, and more and more finely, this has met the real-time of horizontal drilling guiding.
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses guidance method, which comprises the following steps:
1) in known oil gas field work area, deep seismic data is turned to existing three-dimensional prestack time and is explained, with implementing work area texture
Feature and purpose oil-gas Layer structural configuration are made, with the seismic profile of well bore track excessively to be drilled for initial guided modes；
2) well rock core, well logging and a well-log information are led according to the finishing drilling of oil gas field work area, regional stratum is divided, determines region
Lithology, electrical property and the Seismic reflection character of each reference lamina and purpose oil-gas Layer and adjacent formations；
3) it before positive drilling well enters target, collects obtain coordinate, bushing height above sea level and vertical depth that reference lamina characteristic point is bored in new drilled well in fact in time
Data are carried out real-time update to velocity field, and are carried out turning depths reason to three-dimensional prestack time seismic data using most current speed field；
Then, it is led in the seismic profile that newest prestack time turns decimated positive well-drilling borehole track in deep seismic data cube as modified
To model；
Velocity field real time updating method is as follows: collect in time new drilled well bore in fact the coordinate of reference lamina characteristic point, bushing height above sea level and
Vertical depth data calculate Error Trend face under the premise of old velocity field is controlled as quality；In conjunction with the initial guided modes of acquisition
Velocity field Error Trend face is corrected；Finally under the premise of controlling quality, to the complete of the Error Trend face after correction
Area's 3D velocity field carries out repairing volume；
4) it when will enter target after positive drilling well bores and meets reference lamina, according to nearby leading a well or having bored the vertical thickness of oil-gas Layer of offset well, ties
Reference lamina feature and modified guided modes are closed, comprehensive analysis and calculating is carried out, predicts that positive drilling well enters target spot height above sea level depth, go forward side by side
Row enters track optimizing before target；
5) after positive drilling well enters target, if the purpose layer depth in initial guided modes pierces the absolute of target spot purpose layer depth with real
Error is more than the 10% of target zone thickness, then enters the real coordinate for boring reference lamina characteristic point of target spot, bushing height above sea level using this in time and hang down
Deep data update velocity field again, obtain more accurate newest guided modes；
6) under the guidance of newest guided modes, analysis is bored in conjunction with real, carries out horizontal segment guiding.
2. horizontal drilling Real-time Seismic geological syntheses guidance method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 6)
Horizontal segment guiding after entering target can be subdivided into three aspects: location confirmation of the drill bit in destination layer, drilling direction incline with stratum
The relationship at angle confirms that the anticipation of drill bit earth layer in front situation and well track adjust；
6.1) it location confirmation of the drill bit in destination layer: according to reference lamina signature analysis, surveys and bores the time-division in conjunction with well logging lithology, gas
Analysis, expansion substratum fine correlation research, determines substratum locating for drill bit and the distance away from the substratum top bottom；Such as guided modes
Purpose layer depth and real 10% for boring purpose layer depth absolute error and being more than target zone thickness need to bore target zone characteristic point according to real
Coordinate, bushing height above sea level and vertical depth data carry out velocity field and update to substitute with guided modes；
6.2) relationship of drilling direction and stratigraphic dip confirms: according to Measurement While Drilling Data and stratigraphic dip relationship, judging real brill
Mutual meet relationship between track and substratum；The Measurement While Drilling Data includes vertical depth, depth measurement, the hole angle, side of positive drilling well
Parallactic angle；
6.3) anticipation of drill bit earth layer in front situation and the adjustment of well track: according to newest guided modes, by being produced to earth layer in front
Shape, the judgement for constructing situation, analysis in conjunction with step 6.1) and 6.2), to control well track to greatest extent in high-quality purpose oil gas
Interval wears principle of conduct, makes real time monitoring and adjustment, guidance orientation construction to well track.
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Effective date of registration: 20191206 Address after: 100728 Beijing, Chaoyangmen, North Street, No. 22, No. Co-patentee after: Geophysical Survey Research Institute,Jianghan Oilfield Branch,China Petrochemical Corporation Patentee after: China Petrochemical Co., Ltd. Address before: HSBC enterprise headquarters No. 37 430035 Hubei Province, Wuhan city road two Qiaokou District Gutian Nanniwan Avenue 5 block A Patentee before: Geophysical Survey Research Institute,Jianghan Oilfield Branch,China Petrochemical Corporation |