CN106282648A - A kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite and its production and use - Google Patents

A kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite and its production and use Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106282648A
CN106282648A CN201610761096.2A CN201610761096A CN106282648A CN 106282648 A CN106282648 A CN 106282648A CN 201610761096 A CN201610761096 A CN 201610761096A CN 106282648 A CN106282648 A CN 106282648A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
copper
electrical contact
chromio
lubricating composite
contact self
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610761096.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李长生
李剑锋
陈林波
张帅
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Jiangsu University
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Jiangsu University
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Publication date
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Priority to CN201610761096.2A priority Critical patent/CN106282648A/en
Publication of CN106282648A publication Critical patent/CN106282648A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H01H1/021—Composite material
    • H01H1/025—Composite material having copper as the basic material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy

Abstract

The invention provides a kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite and its production and use, comprise the steps: S1, copper powder, chromium powder, titanium silicon-carbon proportioning by mass percentage are prepared mixing material；S2, by the mixing material of step S1 and rustless steel abrading-ball proportioning in mass ratio, seal the stainless steel jar mill putting into planetary ball mill batch mixer；By stainless steel jar mill evacuation, being filled with noble gas, ball milling prepares mixed-powder；S3, the mixed-powder of step S2 is put in mould, compressing composite pressure embryo；S4, by step S3 composite press embryo put in tube furnace, be filled with noble gas, furnace cooling after high temperature sintering, prepare electrical contact self-lubricating composite.Present invention process is simple, production process environmentally safe, and workable, finished product extensively applies the fields such as transportation, metallurgy, shipbuilding, machinery, electric power, aviation as contact material.

Description

A kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite and its production and use
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composite, be specifically related to a kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite and preparation thereof Method and purposes, belong to conducting material technical field.
Background technology
Contact material (including silver-based electric contact material, copper-based electric contact material) is the key of electrical alloy.
Functional material, for high and low voltage switch contact, the collector ring of electromotor, the contact etc. of relay, its performance is direct Have influence on power generating equipment and the technical merit of power transmission and transformation equipment.Ag-based electrical contact is widely used in various low-voltage electrical apparatus, is low pressure The core parts of electrical equipment, are widely used in distribution system, household electrical appliances, traffic and control plant equipment.
At electric, electronic applications, contact material is mainly used as electric contact, conduction brush, collector ring, commutator segment, commutator segment With connector etc., it it is functional element important in electricity break-make link.Use the motor of electric contacts, electric switch, relay Based on device, connector etc., part uses in a large number in fields such as information engineering, home electronic appliance, automobile engineering.These electricity connect The performance touching element directly affects institute's application product and the reliability of whole system, stability, precision and service life.Meanwhile, Along with various product is to high accuracy and miniaturization, the performance of electric contacts is had higher requirement: have excellent Electric conductivity, little and stable contact resistance, high chemical stability, wearability and arc resistant scaling loss ability.Electric contacts Must at aspects such as resistivity, contact resistance, density, hardness, chemical composition, resistance fusion welding, corrosion resistance, solderabilities reliably Meet the requirement of application.Ag/Cu-MoS2-graphite is typical contact material, and it relies on Ag, Cu to improve leading of material Electricity, the capacity of heat transmission, rely on graphite, MoS2In friction process, surface forms one layer of solid lubricant film, improves the wear-resisting of material Property.Although the good conductivity of graphite, but its sassafras that rubs just having had in the presence of being the most in an atmosphere and having moisture is learned Performance；MoS2Although there is the lowest coefficient of friction, but its electric conductivity being poor.Silver chromio selenides Han magnesium-yttrium-transition metal (MSe2, M refers to Ti, Nb, Ta etc.) and the sassafras that rubs that had of electric contact composite material learns performance and electrical conductivity, but the mechanical performance of material The poorest, therefore add Cr, SiC and Cr2Nb etc. can improve the mechanical performance of silver chromio contact material firmly mutually.
Additionally, there is no relevant report copper chromio containing chromium and the electric contact composite material of titanium silicon-carbon, there is the titanium of layer structure Silicon-carbon is as kollag, and chromium is as hardening constituent.
Summary of the invention
For solving the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of new copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating multiple Condensation material, it is adaptable to the copper chromio solid self-lubricating composite material of the high conductivity under varying environment.
In order to realize above-mentioned target, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite, the mass percent including copper is 70%～80%, the matter of chromium Amount percentage ratio is 0%～25%, and the mass percent of titanium silicon-carbon is 0%～25%.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite, comprises the steps:
S1, by copper powder, chromium powder, titanium silicon-carbon proportioning by mass percentage prepare mixing material；
S2, by the mixing material of step S1 and rustless steel abrading-ball proportioning in mass ratio, seal and put into planetary ball mill batch mixer Stainless steel jar mill in；By stainless steel jar mill evacuation, being filled with noble gas, ball milling prepares mixed-powder；
S3, the mixed-powder of step S2 is put in mould, compressing composite pressure embryo；
S4, by step S3 composite press embryo put in tube furnace, be filled with noble gas, cold with stove after high temperature sintering But, electrical contact self-lubricating composite is prepared.
In step S1, the purity of described copper powder is more than 99.9%, and particle diameter is 1～75 μm, and the purity of described chromium powder is more than 99.9%, particle diameter is 1～75 μm, and described titanium silicon-carbon purity is more than 99%, and particle diameter is less than 1.5 μm, and thickness is less than 200nm.
In step S2, the quality of described mixing material and rustless steel abrading-ball is 1:10 than proportioning, and described noble gas is argon Gas.
In step S2, described drum's speed of rotation is 250r/min, and rotating replaces ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 10h, every ball milling 30min, ball mill quits work 30min.
In step S3, described composite pressure embryo is cylindrical, and a diameter of 20mm, thickness is 4mm.
In step S3, pressure is 500Mpa, and the time is 5min.
In step S4, described sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2h, and described noble gas is argon.
Prepared copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite for transportation, metallurgy, shipbuilding, machinery, electric power or Aviation field.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of new copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is adaptable to high temperature, low temperature, vacuum, The bad environments occasions such as corrosion, titanium silicon-carbon improves the tribological property of contact material as kollag, reduces and rub Wiping coefficient and wear rate, chromium improves the silver hardness of chromio contact material, intensity and wearability, and electric conductivity, therefore A kind of new copper chromio of the present invention electrical contact self-lubricating composite have excellence mechanical performance, the sassafras that rubs learn performance and Electric property.Present invention process is simple, production process environmentally safe, and workable, finished product is wide as contact material The fields such as general application transportation, metallurgy, shipbuilding, machinery, electric power, aviation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the electron microscopic picture of the copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite of case study on implementation 3 of the present invention preparation.
Fig. 2 is the rubbing under 5N loads of the copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite of the embodiment of the present invention 1～5 preparation Wipe coefficient figure.
Fig. 3 is the resistivity map of the copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite of the embodiment of the present invention 1～5 preparation.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing be embodied as case the present invention is made concrete introduction.
In the present invention, source (buying the producer)/model of each primary raw material/equipment is:
Copper powder: Dongguan Hui Da native gold company, model is 200 mesh；
Chromium powder: Beijing Tai Xinlong metal material processing factory, model is 300 mesh；
Titanium silicon-carbon: self-control；
Planetary ball mill batch mixer: model: QM-3SP2, Nanjing Univ. Instrument Factory；
Mould: Kingsoft, Zhengjiang City petrochemical plant；
Tube furnace: GSL1600X, Hefei section is brilliant；
Noble gas: Ar gas, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Suo Pu group；
Forcing press: Zhenjiang Order forcing press factory；
In accordance with the following steps, it is prepared according to the proportioning raw materials of the data in embodiment in table 1 1～5:
S1, by copper powder, chromium powder, titanium silicon carbon powder proportioning by mass percentage prepare mixing material；
S2, by above-mentioned mixing material and rustless steel abrading-ball proportioning in mass ratio, seal and put into planetary ball mill batch mixer not In rust steel ball grinding jar；By stainless steel jar mill evacuation, being filled with noble gas, ball milling prepares mixed-powder；
S3, by during in step S2, mixed-powder puts into mould, compressing composite pressure embryo；
S4, by step S3 composite press embryo put in tube furnace, be filled with noble gas, cold with stove after high temperature sintering But, electrical contact self-lubricating composite is prepared.
In step S1, the purity of described copper powder is more than 99.9%, and particle diameter is 1～75 μm, and the purity of described chromium powder is more than 99.9%, particle diameter is 1～75 μm, and described titanium silicon-carbon purity is more than 99%, and particle diameter is less than 1.5 μm, and thickness is less than 200nm.
In step S2, the quality of described mixing material and rustless steel abrading-ball is 1:10 than proportioning, and described noble gas is argon Gas.
In step S2, described drum's speed of rotation is 250r/min, and rotating replaces ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 10h, every ball milling 30min, ball mill quits work 30min.
In step S3, described composite pressure embryo is cylindrical, and a diameter of 20mm, thickness is 4mm.
In step S3, pressure is 500Mpa, and the time is 5min.
In step S4, described sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2h, and described noble gas is argon.
Table 1
Performance test results (can draw in conjunction with Fig. 3)
As seen from Figure 1, Copper substrate, Cr, 3 kinds of material boundary of titanium silicon-carbon are well combined, and illustrate in electric contact composite material It is uniform-distribution with lubrication phase titanium silicon-carbon and hardening constituent Cr.
From Figure 2 it can be seen that the copper chromio composite that embodiment 1～5 prepares is under 3N loads, stable friction factor, and become Change little.Especially the coefficient of friction of embodiment 4 is all below 0.2, and wherein 2 tribological properties are optimal.
Owing to Cr is the splendid metal of electric conductivity, and it has higher hardness, improves the machine of material as hardening constituent Tool performance, the resistivity of case study on implementation 1～5 increases along with titanium silicon-carbon and increases, but the amplitude increased is less, and reason is titanium silicon Carbon compared to silver, the conductive material of this class of chromium, its electric conductivity is the poorest, therefore titanium silicon-carbon increase so that copper chromio make electrical contact with Copper product resistivity becomes big.

Claims (9)

1. copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that include the mass percent of copper be 70%～ 80%, the mass percent of chromium is 0%～25%, and the mass percent of titanium silicon-carbon is 0%～25%.
2. the preparation method of a kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite described in claim 1, it is characterised in that include Following steps:
S1, by copper powder, chromium powder, titanium silicon-carbon proportioning by mass percentage prepare mixing material；
S2, by the mixing material of step S1 and rustless steel abrading-ball proportioning in mass ratio, seal and put into planetary ball mill batch mixer not In rust steel ball grinding jar；By stainless steel jar mill evacuation, being filled with noble gas, ball milling prepares mixed-powder；
S3, the mixed-powder of step S2 is put in mould, compressing composite pressure embryo；
S4, by step S3 composite press embryo put in tube furnace, be filled with noble gas, furnace cooling after high temperature sintering, Prepare electrical contact self-lubricating composite.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio the most according to claim 2 electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that In step S1, the purity of described copper powder is more than 99.9%, and particle diameter is 1～75 μm, and the purity of described chromium powder is more than 99.9%, particle diameter Being 1～75 μm, described titanium silicon-carbon purity is more than 99%, and particle diameter is less than 1.5 μm, and thickness is less than 200nm.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio the most according to claim 2 electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that In step S2, the quality of described mixing material and rustless steel abrading-ball is 1:10 than proportioning, and described noble gas is argon.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio the most according to claim 2 electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that In step S2, described drum's speed of rotation is 250r/min, and rotating replaces ball milling, and Ball-milling Time is 10h, every ball milling 30min, ball Grinding machine quits work 30min.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio the most according to claim 2 electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that In step S3, described composite pressure embryo is cylindrical, and a diameter of 20mm, thickness is 4mm.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio the most according to claim 2 electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that In step S3, pressure is 500Mpa, and the time is 5min.
The preparation method of a kind of copper chromio the most according to claim 2 electrical contact self-lubricating composite, it is characterised in that In step S4, described sintering temperature is 850 DEG C, and temperature retention time is 2h, and described noble gas is argon.
9. the purposes of the copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite described in claim 1, it is characterised in that described copper chromio Electrical contact self-lubricating composite is for transportation, metallurgy, shipbuilding, machinery, electric power or aviation field.
CN201610761096.2A 2016-08-29 2016-08-29 A kind of copper chromio electrical contact self-lubricating composite and its production and use Pending CN106282648A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101345143A (en) * 2008-08-25 2009-01-14 倪树春 Cu/Ti3SiC2 electric contact material and preparation technique
CN103352159A (en) * 2013-07-24 2013-10-16 北京交通大学 Copper-titanium-silicon-carbon composite contact material, as well as pressureless sintering preparation method and application thereof
CN103386484A (en) * 2013-07-24 2013-11-13 北京交通大学 Copper-titanium silicon carbon composite contact material as well as hot-pressing sintering preparation method and application thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101345143A (en) * 2008-08-25 2009-01-14 倪树春 Cu/Ti3SiC2 electric contact material and preparation technique
CN103352159A (en) * 2013-07-24 2013-10-16 北京交通大学 Copper-titanium-silicon-carbon composite contact material, as well as pressureless sintering preparation method and application thereof
CN103386484A (en) * 2013-07-24 2013-11-13 北京交通大学 Copper-titanium silicon carbon composite contact material as well as hot-pressing sintering preparation method and application thereof

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