CN106282495B - The process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel - Google Patents
The process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106282495B CN106282495B CN201610956866.9A CN201610956866A CN106282495B CN 106282495 B CN106282495 B CN 106282495B CN 201610956866 A CN201610956866 A CN 201610956866A CN 106282495 B CN106282495 B CN 106282495B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2201/00—Treatment for obtaining particular effects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The present invention provides the process that micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in a kind of medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel, including：Appropriate medium high carbon chromium, vanadium alloy composition are chosen, by high-power induction heating method to its quick heating, then quick cooling, is repeated several times quick heating and quick cooling reaches the purpose of ultra fine grain.Heating-up temperature makes the steel high carbon concentration micro/nano-scale area of a large amount of Dispersed precipitates in matrix at this temperature be present, creates microtwinning formation condition, while relatively low temperature is easily obtained ultra-fine austenite crystal in the slightly higher scope of the critical point of such steel.790 ~ 830 DEG C are heated rapidly to, is quickly cooled down after short time insulation, is repeated above-mentioned technique, micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite can be obtained.To significantly improve the intensity of material and plasticity.The invention belongs to steel alloy Field of Heat-treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forming method of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite, belong to steel alloy Field of Heat-treatment.
Background technology
In recent years, about nano twin crystal metal material in terms of numerous studies and it was verified that twin boundary is a kind of special
Lower state coherent grain boundary, the lattices of twin boundary both sides is symmetrical in minute surface, and similar with common big angle crystal boundary, twin boundary can be effectively
Dislocation motion is hindered, so that material reinforcement.But its reinforcing effect of the twin lamellae of micro-meter scale is not notable, when twin piece
When thickness degree is refined to nanometer scale, it is strengthened effect and starts to show.Nano twin crystal metal material has very unique mechanics
Performance and physical property, a kind of new way for improving material combination property is turned into using nanometer scale twin crystal interface enhancing material
Through.The metal material of the twins sub-structure of micro/nano-scale containing high density has the performance that many conventional metal materials do not have, such as
Intensity hardness, considerable plasticity, the electric conductivity of superelevation, high sensitivity of strain rate and the fatigue crack germinating performance of superelevation
Deng.It can be seen that the metal material containing high density nano twin crystal has many excellent performances, thus, such material also has
Wide application space.
Twin is not uncommon for, in some intermetallic compounds, many metal materials, the metal material of particularly low stacking fault energy
In, twin can be observed.But contained twin, or content is very little, the presence of twin structure, is not enough to shadow in these materials
Ring the mechanical property of block materials；It is exactly that contain in material is the thick twin lamellae of size, thick twin is to intensity
The contribution of hardness is little, reduces the toughness plasticity energy of material on the contrary.At present, to the research in terms of micro/nano-scale twin and practical work
Aspect, mainly with the pure copper material of the nano twin crystal containing high density made from magnetron sputtering method, under experimental conditions, show
Many excellent mechanical property and physical property.But nano twin crystal pure copper material made from this technology not yet obtains widely
Using reason is that the pure copper material size of the twin containing high density prepared by this method is limited, is reported for work its plate according to document
The thickness of shape stretching sample is only 40um.And the nano twin crystal fine copper of bulk its own stacking fault energy it is relatively low, under conditions of stress,
Easily because the sliding of atomic plane loses the twin relation of nano twin crystal, it is transformed into the structure of conventional coarse-grain fine copper, loses and receive
The invigoration effect of rice twin structure.So as to cause to use the pure copper material of the nano twin crystal containing high density made from magnetron sputtering method can not
It is widely used.
Micro/nano-scale twin is prepared in steel by the method for phase transformation larger difficulty.On the one hand due to the stacking fault energy of carbon steel
Higher to be not easy to form deformation twin, its deformation mechanism is mainly based on the sliding of dislocation, therefore can only be obtained in a manner of phase transformation
Twin.And the twin obtained by martensitic traoformation is thicker, less significantly reduces toughness plasticity on the contrary to intensity contribution, be this
It must first have to solve grain ultrafining to reach 1-2 μm and just can guarantee that the twin block size being subsequently formed within 300nm.It is another
Aspect must also improve the intensity of austenite phase otherwise, could obtain a number of micro/nano-scale twin geneva
Body.It yet there are no and micro/nano-scale twin is obtained in general agglomerate body low-alloy carbon steel to realize the document report strengthened and plastified
Road.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：The technique side that micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in a kind of medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel is provided
Method, it is thicker with the twin for solving to obtain by martensitic traoformation, toughness plasticity is less significantly reduced on the contrary to intensity contribution
Problem.
To solve the above problems, intend using the work that micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in such a medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel
Process, including：
Step 1 chooses medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel, and it is heated by high-power induction heating method, is heated to 790~830
DEG C, soaking time t, t are 1~10 second, and rate of heat addition during room temperature~500 DEG C is 200~300 DEG C/s, at 500~830 DEG C
The rate of heat addition be 800~1000 DEG C/s；
After step 2 soaking times t, steel alloy is quickly cooled down, in 830 DEG C~400 DEG C scope cooldown rate ＞
300℃/s；400 DEG C~room temperature scope cooldown rate ＞, 150 DEG C/s；
Step 3 repeats the above steps the quenching technical of one and step 2, obtains micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite.
In previous process method, the composition and size range of selected steel alloy are as follows：Constituent content (wt%), C：
0.45~0.55, Cr：0.8~1.4, V：0.08~0.14, remaining is impurity content, and material diameter is less than Φ 16mm.
In previous process method, after choosing steel alloy in step 1, homogenizing annealing is first carried out, then removes skim-coat
Impurity, avoid its rate of heat addition of impurity effect and cooldown rate；
In previous process method, in step 3, repeat the quenching technical 6 times of step 1 and step 2, obtain maximum
The micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite of density, is verified by experiments, and when repeating the quenching technical 6 times of step 1 and step 2, closes
The content highest of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite in gold.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is used in the low-temperature space close to critical point, has one by rapid heating process
Determine drawing effect, because the time is very short, temperature is low, the size for being tempered insufficient partially carbonized thing and refinement separates out together in matrix
When have to be partly dissolved and cause to have in each crystal grain thinning local high-carbon regions (carbon content is more than more than 0.7%), then quickly
Cooling, this process, which is repeated several times rear undissolved carbide content, to be significantly reduced, and crystal grain significantly refines, but simultaneously again in each crystalline substance
Grain is local to keep uneven high carbon concentration area.This state can obtain a number of micro-nano chi with the cooling of ultrafast speed
Spend twin crystal martensite.Because the deformation mechanism of this types of steel is mainly based on the sliding of dislocation, the twin of twin will not be destroyed
Relation, so as to ensure that the contribution of micro/nano-scale twin contained therein to material macro strength.On the other hand it was plastically deformed
Reaction and Interaction Energy of the journey Dislocations with micro/nano-scale twin, which effectively discharge deformational stress, causes material plasticity to improve.Therefore
This method can significantly improve the strong plasticity of this kind of material by obtaining micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite in agglomerate body material,
With important actual application value.The density of micro/nano-scale twin can only not include very high within 10% volume fraction at present,
The intensity of this kind of material can have been set to reach more than 2000MPa, while plasticity index (contraction percentage of area) can obtain 45% left side
The right side, once the ferrous materials popularization and application of nano twin crystal martensite of the present invention containing high density (being more than 15% volume fraction), that
It will result directly in the revolutionary variation of ferrous materials application field.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the circulating quenching artwork of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is ultra fine grain ESEM (SEM) figure that the embodiment of the present invention uses circulating quenching technique to obtain, in figure
1 to 6 represents to quench the sample of 1 time to 6 times；
Fig. 3 is transmission electron microscope (TEM) figure of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite tissue made from the embodiment of the present invention
With twin lamellae thickness schematic diagram.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be made below further detailed
Description.
Embodiment：
The new technology of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in medium high carbon chromium, vanadium steel, its technique is as shown in Figure 1.
1st step：Sample is machined to suitable dimension, sample is first subjected to homogenizing annealing.Then artificial removal's sample table
Oxide-film of layer etc. can influence the impurity of its rate of heat addition and cooldown rate.
2nd step：Technique as shown in Figure 1 carries out circulating quenching heat treatment to steel.
Concrete technology specification is as follows：
Reference picture 2 and Fig. 3 are three kinds strong from crystal grain thinning, solution strengthening and dispersion-strengtherning by above-mentioned circulating quenching technique
Change mode strengthens steel austenite phase, promotes steel to form micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite.After circulating quenching 6 times, crystallite dimension is most thin,
Grain size has reached 16 grades, strengthens best results to the austenite phase of steel, the twin crystal martensite density now formed is also maximum, twin
Brilliant occupied area and the ratio of the sample gross area are 6.78%, and twin lamellae thickness is in 11.71nm or so.+ 400 DEG C of circulating quenching
After × 40min tempering, the comprehensive mechanical property of the experiment steel through 6 quenchings is optimal, highest yield strength, tensile strength and section
Shrinkage factor reaches 1792.93MPa, 2036.2MPa and 44% respectively.
The mechanical performance data that the steel circulating quenching is 1~6 time is as shown in table 1：
The mechanical property for the experiment steel that 1 circulating quenching of table is 1~6 time
Claims (3)
1. the process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite is formed in medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1 chooses medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel, and it is heated by high-power induction heating method, is heated to 790 ~ 830 DEG C, protects
The warm time is t, and t is 1 ~ 10 second, and during heating, rate of heat addition during room temperature ~ 500 DEG C is 200 ~ 300 DEG C/s, at 500 ~ 830 DEG C
The rate of heat addition is 800 ~ 1000 DEG C/s；
Step 2 is quickly cooled down after soaking time t described in step 1, to steel alloy, cold in 830 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C scopes
But 300 DEG C/s of speed ＞；400 DEG C ~ room temperature scope cooldown rate ＞, 150 DEG C/s；
Step 3 repeats the above steps the quenching technical of one and step 2, obtains micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite.
2. the process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite, its feature are formed in medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel according to claim 1
It is：After choosing steel alloy in step 1, homogenizing annealing is first carried out, then removes skim-coat impurity.
3. the process of micro/nano-scale twin crystal martensite, its feature are formed in medium high carbon chrome-vanadium steel according to claim 1
It is：In step 3, repeat the quenching technical 6 times of step 1 and step 2, obtain the micro/nano-scale twin of maximal density
Martensite.
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Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000176508A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-27 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Equipment for continuously manufacturing high-strength steel sheet |
| CN1617942A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2005-05-18 | Mmfx技术股份有限公司 | Nano-composite martensitic steels |
| CN101671772A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-17 | 燕山大学 | Method for preparing ultra-fine grained ferrite and nano-carbide low-carbon steel plate |
| CN101713046A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-05-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | Preparation method of superfine grain martensitic steel reinforced and controlled by nano precipitated phase |
-
2016
- 2016-10-27 CN CN201610956866.9A patent/CN106282495B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000176508A (en) * | 1998-12-16 | 2000-06-27 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Equipment for continuously manufacturing high-strength steel sheet |
| CN1617942A (en) * | 2001-12-14 | 2005-05-18 | Mmfx技术股份有限公司 | Nano-composite martensitic steels |
| CN101671772A (en) * | 2009-09-29 | 2010-03-17 | 燕山大学 | Method for preparing ultra-fine grained ferrite and nano-carbide low-carbon steel plate |
| CN101713046A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2010-05-26 | 钢铁研究总院 | Preparation method of superfine grain martensitic steel reinforced and controlled by nano precipitated phase |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 淬火冷却速率对20CrNi2Mo钢组织及力学性能的影响;雷磊;《金属热处理》;20150831;第40卷(第8期);129-131 * |
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