CN106277667A - A kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique - Google Patents

A kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106277667A
CN106277667A CN201610748292.6A CN201610748292A CN106277667A CN 106277667 A CN106277667 A CN 106277667A CN 201610748292 A CN201610748292 A CN 201610748292A CN 106277667 A CN106277667 A CN 106277667A
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sludge
pyrolysis
gas
mud
dehydration
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Inventor
陈耀壮
欧阳李科
李洁
王磊
乔莎
张云贤
许光文
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Southwest Research and Desigin Institute of Chemical Industry
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Southwest Research and Desigin Institute of Chemical Industry
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/02—Biological treatment
    • C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
    • C02F11/122—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using filter presses
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    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/54—Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation
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    • C10J3/72—Other features
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
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    • C10L3/104—Carbon dioxide
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    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
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    • C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
    • C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
    • C10L3/106—Removal of contaminants of water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/104—Alumina
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/116—Molecular sieves other than zeolites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
    • C02F2303/02—Odour removal or prevention of malodour
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956—Air or oxygen enriched air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
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    • C10J2300/0976—Water as steam
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
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    • C10J2300/1207—Heating the gasifier using pyrolysis gas as fuel
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/16—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant
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    • C10J2300/1625—Integration of gasification processes with another plant or parts within the plant with solids treatment
    • C10J2300/1628—Ash post-treatment
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    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1807—Recycle loops, e.g. gas, solids, heating medium, water
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge and utilize technique, belong to technical field of sludge treatment.Described technique includes chemical conditioning dehydration, tail gas adsorption deodorization, sludge anaerobic fermentation, the pyrolysis of fermentation methane purification, sludge drying, digested sludge revolving bed, pyrolysis Oil-gas Separation purification, fluidized gasification and sewage disposal.Being processed by present invention process, it is achieved the recycling of mud, waste water, solid waste and waste gas all realize qualified discharge, produce the higher gas of economic worth, cement or common brick simultaneously.Unit technology in present invention process is current industrial mature technology, and stability is high；Combustible is focused on pyrolysis bed and uses as fuel by the present invention, and each unit heat is comprehensively utilized.The present invention is that a kind of Treatment of Sludge ability is strong, stability is high, reclaiming city domestic sludge economic and environment-friendly, energy-conservation, that resource utilization is high utilizes technique.

Description

A kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of sludge treatment, be specifically related to a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge and utilize technique.
Background technology
Along with constantly pushing ahead of novel Urbanization Construction, the quantity of urban wastewater treatment firm increases sharply, and cities and towns are dirty Focusing on of water, has expedited the emergence of this product can not ignore of municipal sludge.On the one hand the mud that sewage disposal postprecipitation gets off Containing noxious substances such as pathogen, worm's ovum, heavy metals, without effectively processing disposal, easily subsoil water, soil etc. are caused secondary Pollute；On the other hand, these mud contain again the nutrients such as a large amount of organic matter, trace element, process the proper resource that realizes Recycle.
The sewage treatment capacity in China cities and towns has reached the capacity of 1.51 hundred million tons every day, the municipal sludge year thus brought Yield is more than 35,000,000 tons (moisture content 80%).The sewage sludge harmlessness disposing rate that sewage treatment plant the most in all parts of the country produces is not enough 60%, remaining mud all uses " expedient " to dispose." ten, water " that country puts into effect clearly proposes to be pushed further into city Specific resistance to filtration, existing specific resistance to filtration facility should be basically completed transformation up to standard, region and above city before the end of the year 2017 City's sewage sludge harmlessness processes disposal rate should reach more than 90% before at the bottom of the year two thousand twenty.
In recent years, recycling sludge is applied to building aspect and has obtained abundant development, and employing municipal sludge is part material Being prepared for vitrified bond common brick, result shows that the fragment of brick made uses function good and has heat insulation effect；Same with dirt Mud is part material, and calcines at different temperatures, and the grog properties that research prepares shows to produce ecological water Mud is feasible.The resource of mud is equally efficiently applied to water process aspect.With dirty mud as a raw material, respectively necessarily Under the conditions of make adsorbent, filtrate and filler are back to sewage disposal.It is former with municipal wastewater treatment plant chemistry with biological mixing sludge Material, can prepare the adsorbent of better performances；With petrochemical industry excess sludge, flyash, river bottom mud, waste glass powder and clay it is Raw material, produces water treatment filter material through calcining；Can burn out as additive using mud and clay as primary raw material, flyash Superlight ceramsites for water treatment filler of good performance.
At present without the disposal method of sludge system, in sludge handling process, energy consumption is high, and deficiency in economic performance processes the most thorough The end, there is secondary pollution problem.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to, with municipal sludge as target, design a kind of systematic sludge treatment technique, by mud Make gas, cement or common brick, after present invention process step process, municipal sludge be converted into combustion gas, cement or Brick, it is achieved secondary utilizes, and the waste gas of final discharge and sewage all realizes qualified discharge.The object of the invention passes through following technical side Case realizes:
A kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilize technique, described technique include chemical conditioning dehydration, tail gas adsorption deodorization, Sludge anaerobic fermentation, the pyrolysis of fermentation methane purification, sludge drying, digested sludge revolving bed, pyrolysis Oil-gas Separation purify, flow Change bed gasification and sewage disposal.
Described chemical conditioning dehydration is added chemical agent in mud and is destroyed the flocculation structure in mud, then through pressing plate filter pressing Dehydration；
Described tail gas adsorption deodorization is that the impurity in the foul smell utilizing adsorbent to discharge sludge chemical dehydration is carried out Absorption, the tail gas qualified discharge after absorption；
The fermentation of described sludge anaerobic is to be placed in airtight fermentation tank by the mud through chemical dehydration, organic in mud Matter fermentation produces methane-rich gas；
Described fermentation methane purification is that biogas is carried out desulfurization, dehydration and carbon dioxide removal；
Described sludge drying is that the digested sludge through anaerobic fermentation is dried removal moisture therein, and sends to revolving bed heat Solve；
The pyrolysis of described digested sludge revolving bed is under fuel heats, the high temperature in revolving bed of the organic matter in digested sludge Lower pyrolysis generates tar, pyrolysis gas and solid residue；
It is that the oil gas by pyrolysis produces separates that described pyrolysis Oil-gas Separation purifies, and after separation, gas is as revolving bed warm Solving fuel, sewage decontaminated water processing unit, solid goes fluidized gasification；
Described fluidized gasification is to be pyrolyzed the tar and solid residue produced to occur oxidation also with gasifying agent in fluid bed Former reaction generates coal gas, and the gas after gasification goes pyrolysis bed as fuel, and solid is sent to cement plant and produced cement or make common Brick；
Described sewage disposal is chemical conditioning dehydration and pyrolysis Oil-gas Separation to be purified the sewage produced send to sewage disposal Factory focuses on, it is achieved qualified discharge.
As the present invention a kind of preferably, described chemical agent selected from ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polyacrylamide, One or more in quick lime.
One as the present invention is preferred, and described chemical agent is the 1～10% of mud gross mass.
As the present invention a kind of preferably, described adsorbent be the one in activated carbon, aluminium oxide, molecular sieve or silica gel or Two kinds.
One as the present invention is preferred, and the condition of described sludge anaerobic fermentation is: temperature 30-60 DEG C, 3-5 days time, Stirring frequency 5-10h/ time.
One as the present invention is preferred, and wet desulphurization or dry desulfurization are selected in described desulfurization；Physics is selected in described dehydration Gas-water separation method；Described carbon dioxide removal selects pressure swing adsorption method decarburization or wet method decarburization.
One as the present invention is preferred, and described wet desulphurization is selected from PDS desulfurization, modified hot alkali desulphurization or low-temp methanol Desulfurization；Described dry desulfurization is selected from ferrum oxide or oxidisability absorption desulfurization；The adsorbent of described pressure swing adsorption method decarburization is selected from dividing Son sieve or silica gel；Described wet method decarburization selects alkali cleaning, amine to wash or high-pressure washing.
One as the present invention is preferred, and the pyrolysis temperature of described digested sludge revolving bed pyrolysis is 400-700 DEG C.
One as the present invention is preferred, and described gasifying agent is one or both in steam or air.
As the present invention a kind of, preferably described technique relates to whole system total energy approach, including deodorization resolution gas, The gentle activating QI of pyrolysis gas, as fuel, is pyrolyzed for revolving bed, and pyrolysis smoke is for fluid bed heating and drying sludge, pyrolysis cigarette Gas resolves for deodorizer.
Municipal sewage plant excess sludge moisture content is high, dehydration difficulty, and current most widely used processing method is to throw Add organic high-molecular coagulant adopting and be aided with mechanical dehydration, moisture percentage in sewage sludge can be down to 70%～80%.Mud extracellular polymeric shape The hydrophilic flocculation structure become can fetter large quantity of moisture, and the not change extracellular polymeric that adds of organic polymer coargulator exists Form, distribution and character in mud flco, can only remove part Free water, it is impossible to improve the dehydration degree of depth.
The chemical conditioning dehydration of the present invention is that interpolation chemical agent is to destroy flocculation structure in mud in mud, described Chemical agent includes one or both in ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polyacrylamide, quick lime, or its combination in any, By percentage to the quality, chemical agent addition is the 1-10% of mud.After mud adds chemical agent, agitated rear filter pressing Dehydration, can be down to 50-60% by the water content in mud.
In chemical conditioning dehydration, mud can give out foul smell, arranges on dehydration treatment equipment top and draws phoenix cover and pacify Dress air exhauster, sends into absorbing and deodorizing device by foul smell, and described absorbing and deodorizing is to utilize adsorbent by the impurity absorption in tail gas Getting off, the tail gas after absorption realizes qualified discharge.Adsorbent equipment uses two towers to arrange, and a tower absorption, another tower regenerates, adsorbent Adsorbing saturated rear follow-up pyrolysis smoke to regenerate, then use air cold blowing, two towers are alternately.Described adsorbent is selected from activity One or both in charcoal, aluminium oxide, molecular sieve, silica gel.
As it was previously stated, mud water content after chemical conditioning is dehydrated is down to 50-60%, send into fermentation tank by conveyer device Anaerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature 40-70 DEG C, fermentation time 3-5 days, stirring frequency 5-10h/ time, the organic fermentation in mud is produced Raw methane-rich gas, fermentation technology and technology can be by the most ripe industrialization technologies.
The fire damp content 45-65% that fermentation produces, carbon dioxide content is 35-45%, and remaining is containing a small amount of oxygen And nitrogen, wherein impurity composition is mainly hydrogen sulfide.The biogas that fermentation produces is purified and purification can be made into gas.Purify Purification includes biogas desulfurization, dehydration and carbon dioxide removal.Described desulfurization includes wet desulphurization and dry desulfurization, described wet method Desulfurization is selected from PDS desulfurization, modified hot alkali desulphurization or low-temp methanol desulfurization.Described dry desulfurization is selected from ferrum oxide or oxidisability Absorption desulfurization, described dehydration selection physics gas-water separation method dehydration, described carbon dioxide removal selection pressure swing adsorption method decarburization, Adsorbent is selected from molecular sieve or silica gel, it is possible to select wet method decarburization, described wet method decarburization to select alkali cleaning, amine to wash or water under high pressure Wash.After desulfurization, dehydration and carbon dioxide removal, obtain the methane concentration natural gas more than 95%, be sent to use as domestic gas Family.Owing to the desulfurization of chemical industry, dehydration, decarburization are mature technology, the marsh gas purifying of the present invention may select arbitrary technology groups Close.
Being referred to as digested sludge through the mud of anaerobic fermentation, digested sludge sends to pyrolysis system after mechanism filter-pressing is dehydrated, dirty Mud pyrolysis system includes that storage and induction system, drying system, pyrolysis system, combustion system, energy-recuperation system and tail gas are clean Change system.The storage of mud and conveying are the beginnings of whole technological process, play the storage to mud and are delivered into by mud The effect of drying device.Digested sludge removes the moisture in mud by drying system, and baking temperature is 80-110 DEG C, in mud The pathogen contained is killed by high temperature, and in the tail gas of sludge drying, the concentration of ammonia is far above other compositions, additionally contain hydrargyrum, Hydrogen sulfide and multiple organic principle component: include aromatic compound, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene etc.；Halogenated hydrocarbons, as dichloromethane, Dichloroethanes, 5-bromofluorobenzene, tetrachloromethane etc.；Sulfur-containing compound, such as ethyl mercaptan, thioether class etc.；Oxygen-bearing organic matter, such as alcohol, ester Deng；Other hydro carbons, such as alkene, normal hexane etc..Wherein, alkane, alkene, aromatic hydrocarbon and the proportion shared by halogenated hydrocarbons are relatively big, and chain Shape alkane accounts for more than 80%.
Mud sends to revolving bed pyrolysis after drying, and pyrolysis is exactly to be cracked by sludge solids under oxygen-free environment, generates gas State and the product of solid-state, gaseous products is mainly by H2、O2、CH4、CO2、C2H4、C2H6The gaseous mixture constituted etc. several compositions, also contains There are benzene, naphthalene, H2S、NH3, HCl, HF, tar, heavy metal etc..The product of solid-state is the residue after pyrolyzing sludge, and its structure is the wettest Profit, so deslagging device need to arrange blockage resisting measure.The pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis produces is after cyclone dust extractor and front end deodorization solution The waste gas of gassing, fluidized gasification gas and sludge storage storage together enters combustion chambers burn, is the most i.e. possible to prevent abnormal flavour to leak, Heat balance can be met again.The flue gas that combustor produces is preferentially used for being pyrolyzed bed and the heating of fluid bed, is pyrolyzed bed exiting flue gas Temperature is 650-750 DEG C, and this partial fume is used for drying sludge, thereafter for the regeneration of front end deodorization absorbent.When system from When body energy can not maintain Equilibrium, combustor needs extra fuel (natural gas or oil) conduct to supplement, to reach maintenance system The purpose of the energy balance.Different process conditions, can select different energy recovery schemes.Pyrolysis is carried out at ambient pressure, but In practice to avoid abnormal flavour to leak, in pyrolysis bed, typically maintain certain negative pressure.Tar after pyrolysis is through Oil-gas Separation, gas Body is as revolving bed pyrolysing fuel, and sewage decontaminated water processing unit, solid goes fluidized gasification.
Solid carbon after pyrolysis contacts with the tar after oil-water separation, and the gasifying agent formed with mixing water steam and air exists Occur in gasification furnace violent redox reaction to generate coal gas, oxygen contained in gasifying agent and water vapour respectively with in fuel Carbon reacts, and it is by fuel gas (CO, H that gasification furnace exports the most purified coal gas2、H2S), a small amount of gaseous alkanes compounds (CH4, CmHn), non-combustible gas (CO2、N2、O2) and the composition such as dusting solid granule, steam, after gas solid separation, gas is made Fuel for pyrolysis bed uses, and remaining lime-ash is got rid of by furnace bottom, sends to cement plant and produces cement, it is possible to makes building common Brick.
The invention still further relates to whole system total energy approach process, make including deodorization resolution gas, the gentle activating QI of pyrolysis gas For fuel, being pyrolyzed for revolving bed, pyrolysis smoke is used for deodorizer solution for fluid bed heating and drying sludge, pyrolysis smoke Analysis.
By this technical finesse, it is achieved the systemic recycling of mud, waste water, solid waste and waste gas all realize row up to standard Put, produce the higher gas of economic worth, cement or common brick simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, the invention have the benefit that
(1) present invention firstly provides the sludge system resource utilization process of energy industrial scale, mud can be made Gas, cement or common brick；
(2) the unit technology in present invention process is current industrial mature technology, and stability is high；
(3) sludge handling process produces a large amount of foul smell, by the appropriate design to whole technological process, can realize each The system of individual operation utilizes, and combustible focuses on pyrolysis bed and uses as fuel, and each unit heat is comprehensively utilized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that one city sewage sludge reclamation of the present invention utilizes process chart.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right The present invention is further elaborated.Specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not used to limit Determine the present invention.Without departing from the idea case in the present invention described above, according to ordinary skill knowledge and customary means, do Go out various replacement and change, all should be included within the scope of the invention.All features disclosed in this specification, or disclosed institute Have method or during step, in addition to mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Embodiment 1:
Recycling sludge of the present invention utilizes technique, as shown in Figure 1.City domestic sewage mud after treatment is placed in and stirs Mixing groove, be added to ferric chloride and bodied ferric sulfate, send into and consider plate filter-press dehydration after stirring, the water in dehydrated sludge contains Amount is down to 50%, is provided above air-vent at agitator tank and filter press plate, and the foul smell distributed is delivered to the absorption equipped with activated carbon Odor removal.Adsorbent equipment uses two towers to arrange, and a tower absorption, another tower regenerates, for subsequent thermal after adsorbent is saturated Solution flue gas regenerates, then uses air cold blowing, and two towers are alternately.
Mud sends into fermentation tank anaerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature 40 DEG C, fermentation by conveyer device after chemical conditioning is dehydrated 3 days time, stirring frequency 6h/ time, the organic fermentation in mud produces methane-rich gas.The fire damp content that fermentation produces 50%, carbon dioxide content is 40%, and remaining contains a small amount of oxygen and nitrogen, and wherein impurity composition is mainly hydrogen sulfide.Fermentation The biogas produced through PDS desulfurization, enters the decarbonization device equipped with molecular sieve after dehydration, gas-liquid separation, biogas through desulfurization, dehydration and After carbon dioxide removal, obtain the methane concentration natural gas more than 95%, be sent to user as domestic gas.
After anaerobic fermentation, digested sludge is through mechanism filter-pressing dehydration drying system, dried mud send into pyrolysis system pyrolysis, Pyrolysis temperature 500 DEG C, generates gaseous state and the product of solid-state, the condensed separation of liquid after pyrolysis after pyrolysis, pyrolysis oil goes fluidisation Bed gasification, sewage decontaminated water treatment plant focuses on, and the pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis produces is after cyclone dust extractor and front end deodorization solution The waste gas of gassing, fluidized gasification gas and sludge storage storage together enters combustion chambers burn, so can be possible to prevent outside abnormal flavour Let out, heat balance can be met again.The flue gas that combustor produces is preferentially used for being pyrolyzed bed and the heating of fluid bed, pyrolysis bed outlet cigarette Temperature is 650 DEG C, and this partial fume is used for drying sludge, thereafter for the regeneration of front end deodorization absorbent.Jiao after pyrolysis Oil is through Oil-gas Separation, and gas is as revolving bed pyrolysing fuel, and sewage decontaminated water processing unit, solid goes fluidized gasification.
Solid carbon after pyrolysis contacts with the tar after oil-water separation, and the gasifying agent formed with mixing water steam and air exists Occur in gasification furnace violent redox reaction to generate coal gas, oxygen contained in gasifying agent and water vapour respectively with in fuel Carbon reacts, and gasification furnace exports the most purified coal gas gas after gas solid separation and uses as the fuel being pyrolyzed bed, remaining ash Slag is got rid of by furnace bottom, sends to cement plant and produces cement, it is possible to makes building common brick.
The sewage that after pyrolysis, the sewage of oil-water separation produces with Sludge Chemical Conditioning dehydration mixes, and sends to sewage treatment plant's collection Middle process, it is achieved qualified discharge.
By this technical finesse, it is achieved the systemic recycling of mud, waste water, solid waste and waste gas all realize row up to standard Put, produce the higher gas of economic worth, cement or common brick simultaneously.
Embodiment 2:
Recycling sludge of the present invention utilizes technique, as shown in Figure 1.City domestic sewage mud after treatment is placed in and stirs Mixing groove, be added to polyacrylamide, send into and consider plate filter-press dehydration after stirring, the water content in dehydrated sludge is down to 60%, it is provided above air-vent at agitator tank and filter press plate, delivers to the foul smell distributed fill equipped with the absorbing and deodorizing of aluminium oxide Put.Adsorbent equipment uses two towers to arrange, and a tower absorption, another tower regenerates, for follow-up pyrolysis smoke after adsorbent is saturated Regeneration, then use air cold blowing, two towers are alternately.
Mud sends into fermentation tank anaerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature 70 DEG C, fermentation by conveyer device after chemical conditioning is dehydrated 5 days time, stirring frequency 8h/ time, the organic fermentation in mud produces methane-rich gas.The fire damp content that fermentation produces 60%, carbon dioxide content is 45%, and remaining contains a small amount of oxygen and nitrogen, and wherein impurity composition is mainly hydrogen sulfide.Fermentation The biogas oxidized ferrum desulfurization produced, enters the decarbonization device equipped with silica gel after dehydration, gas-liquid separation, and biogas is through desulfurization, dehydration After carbon dioxide removal, obtain the methane concentration natural gas more than 95%, be sent to user as domestic gas.
After anaerobic fermentation, digested sludge is through mechanism filter-pressing dehydration drying system, dried mud send into pyrolysis system pyrolysis, Pyrolysis temperature 650 DEG C, generates gaseous state and the product of solid-state, the condensed separation of liquid after pyrolysis after pyrolysis, pyrolysis oil goes fluidisation Bed gasification, sewage decontaminated water treatment plant focuses on, and the pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis produces is after cyclone dust extractor and front end deodorization solution The waste gas of gassing, fluidized gasification gas and sludge storage storage together enters combustion chambers burn, is the most i.e. possible to prevent abnormal flavour to leak, Heat balance can be met again.The flue gas that combustor produces is preferentially used for being pyrolyzed bed and the heating of fluid bed, is pyrolyzed bed exiting flue gas Temperature is 750 DEG C, and this partial fume is used for drying sludge, thereafter for the regeneration of front end deodorization absorbent.Tar after pyrolysis Through Oil-gas Separation, gas is as revolving bed pyrolysing fuel, and sewage decontaminated water processing unit, solid goes fluidized gasification.
Solid carbon after pyrolysis contacts with the tar after oil-water separation, and the gasifying agent formed with mixing water steam and air exists Occur in gasification furnace violent redox reaction to generate coal gas, oxygen contained in gasifying agent and water vapour respectively with in fuel Carbon reacts, and gasification furnace exports the most purified coal gas gas after gas solid separation and uses as the fuel being pyrolyzed bed, remaining ash Slag is got rid of by furnace bottom, sends to cement plant and produces cement, it is possible to makes building common brick.
The sewage that after pyrolysis, the sewage of oil-water separation produces with Sludge Chemical Conditioning dehydration mixes, and sends to sewage treatment plant's collection Middle process, it is achieved qualified discharge.
By this technical finesse, it is achieved the systemic recycling of mud, waste water, solid waste and waste gas all realize row up to standard Put, produce the higher gas of economic worth, cement or common brick simultaneously.
Embodiment 3:
Recycling sludge of the present invention utilizes technique, as shown in Figure 1.City domestic sewage mud after treatment is placed in and stirs Mixing groove, be added to polyacrylamide, send into and consider plate filter-press dehydration after stirring, the water content in dehydrated sludge is down to 55%, it is provided above air-vent at agitator tank and filter press plate, the foul smell distributed is delivered to the absorption equipped with silica gel and molecular sieve Odor removal.Adsorbent equipment uses two towers to arrange, and a tower absorption, another tower regenerates, for subsequent thermal after adsorbent is saturated Solution flue gas regenerates, then uses air cold blowing, and two towers are alternately.
Mud sends into fermentation tank anaerobic fermentation, fermentation temperature 60 DEG C, fermentation by conveyer device after chemical conditioning is dehydrated 4 days time, stirring frequency 10h/ time, the organic fermentation in mud produces methane-rich gas.The fire damp that fermentation produces contains Amount 55%, carbon dioxide content is 40%, and remaining contains a small amount of oxygen and nitrogen, and wherein impurity composition is mainly hydrogen sulfide.Send out The biogas that ferment produces enters the decarbonization device equipped with silica gel and molecular sieve, biogas after low-temp methanol desulfurization, dehydration, gas-liquid separation After desulfurization, dehydration and carbon dioxide removal, obtain the methane concentration natural gas more than 95%, be sent to user as domestic gas.
After anaerobic fermentation, digested sludge is through mechanism filter-pressing dehydration drying system, dried mud send into pyrolysis system pyrolysis, Pyrolysis temperature 500 DEG C, generates gaseous state and the product of solid-state, the condensed separation of liquid after pyrolysis after pyrolysis, pyrolysis oil goes fluidisation Bed gasification, sewage decontaminated water treatment plant focuses on, and the pyrolysis gas that pyrolysis produces is after cyclone dust extractor and front end deodorization solution The waste gas of gassing, fluidized gasification gas and sludge storage storage together enters combustion chambers burn, is the most i.e. possible to prevent abnormal flavour to leak, Heat balance can be met again.The flue gas that combustor produces is preferentially used for being pyrolyzed bed and the heating of fluid bed, is pyrolyzed bed exiting flue gas Temperature is 630 DEG C, and this partial fume is used for drying sludge, thereafter for the regeneration of front end deodorization absorbent.Tar after pyrolysis Through Oil-gas Separation, gas is as revolving bed pyrolysing fuel, and sewage decontaminated water processing unit, solid goes fluidized gasification.
Solid carbon after pyrolysis contacts with the tar after oil-water separation, and the gasifying agent formed with mixing water steam and air exists Occur in gasification furnace violent redox reaction to generate coal gas, oxygen contained in gasifying agent and water vapour respectively with in fuel Carbon reacts, and gasification furnace exports the most purified coal gas gas after gas solid separation and uses as the fuel being pyrolyzed bed, remaining ash Slag is got rid of by furnace bottom, sends to cement plant and produces cement, it is possible to makes building common brick.
The sewage that after pyrolysis, the sewage of oil-water separation produces with Sludge Chemical Conditioning dehydration mixes, and sends to sewage treatment plant's collection Middle process, it is achieved qualified discharge.
By this technical finesse, it is achieved the systemic recycling of mud, waste water, solid waste and waste gas all realize row up to standard Put, produce the higher gas of economic worth, cement or common brick simultaneously.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described technique includes chemical conditioning dehydration, tail gas The fermentation of absorbing and deodorizing, sludge anaerobic, the pyrolysis of fermentation methane purification, sludge drying, digested sludge revolving bed, pyrolysis oil edema caused by disorder of QI From purification, fluidized gasification and sewage disposal；
Described chemical conditioning dehydration is to add chemical agent in mud to destroy the flocculation structure in mud, then through pressing plate filter pressing Dehydration；
Described tail gas adsorption deodorization is that the impurity in the foul smell utilizing adsorbent to discharge sludge chemical dehydration adsorbs, Tail gas qualified discharge after absorption；
The fermentation of described sludge anaerobic is to be placed in airtight fermentation tank by the mud through chemical dehydration, and the organic matter in mud is sent out Ferment produces methane-rich gas；
Described fermentation methane purification is that biogas is carried out desulfurization, dehydration and carbon dioxide removal；
Described sludge drying is that the digested sludge through anaerobic fermentation is dried removal moisture therein, and sends to revolving bed pyrolysis；
The pyrolysis of described digested sludge revolving bed is under fuel heats, and the organic matter in digested sludge is warm under high temperature in revolving bed Solve and generate tar, pyrolysis gas and solid residue；
It is that the oil gas by pyrolysis produces separates that described pyrolysis Oil-gas Separation purifies, and after separation, gas is as revolving bed pyrolysis combustion Material, sewage decontaminated water processing unit, solid goes fluidized gasification；
Described fluidized gasification be pyrolysis produce tar and solid residue anti-with gasifying agent generation oxidoreduction in fluid bed Should generate coal gas, the gas after gasification goes pyrolysis bed as fuel, and solid is sent to cement plant and produced cement or make common brick；
Described sewage disposal is chemical conditioning dehydration and pyrolysis Oil-gas Separation to be purified the sewage produced send to sewage treatment plant's collection Middle process, it is achieved qualified discharge.
2. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described chemical agent selects One or more in ferric chloride, bodied ferric sulfate, polyacrylamide, quick lime.
3. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described chemical drugs Agent is the 1～10% of mud gross mass.
4. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described adsorbent is selected from One or both in activated carbon, aluminium oxide, molecular sieve or silica gel.
5. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described sludge anaerobic is sent out The condition of ferment is: temperature 30-60 DEG C, 3-5 days time, stirring frequency 5-10h/ time.
6. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described desulfurization is selected wet Method desulfurization or dry desulfurization；Physics gas-water separation method is selected in described dehydration；Described carbon dioxide removal selects pressure swing adsorption method decarburization Or wet method decarburization.
7. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described wet desulphurization is selected From PDS desulfurization, modified hot alkali desulphurization or low-temp methanol desulfurization；Described dry desulfurization is de-selected from ferrum oxide or oxidisability absorption Sulfur；The adsorbent of described pressure swing adsorption method decarburization is selected from molecular sieve or silica gel；Described wet method decarburization select alkali cleaning, amine to wash or High-pressure washing.
8. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described digested sludge is revolved The pyrolysis temperature of rotated bed pyrolysis is 400-700 DEG C.
9. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described gasifying agent is water One or both in steam or air.
10. a kind of reclaiming city domestic sludge utilizes technique, it is characterised in that described technique relates to Whole system total energy approach, including deodorization resolution gas, the gentle activating QI of pyrolysis gas as fuel, is pyrolyzed for revolving bed, heat Solve flue gas to resolve for deodorizer for fluid bed heating and drying sludge, pyrolysis smoke.
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CN109912149B (en) * 2017-12-13 2021-08-31 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Anaerobic drying treatment method for excess sludge
CN109912149A (en) * 2017-12-13 2019-06-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of excess sludge anaerobism drying method for treating
CN108584871A (en) * 2018-05-08 2018-09-28 黎晟 The technique and system of carbon nanomaterial and hydrogen are recycled from the organic waste of city
CN109201701A (en) * 2018-09-07 2019-01-15 广州科威环保工程有限公司 A kind of waste gas treatment process applied to domestic garbage treating system
CN109432939A (en) * 2018-11-06 2019-03-08 泰州华昊废金属综合利用有限公司 The exhaust treatment system that Treatment of Metal Surface waste resource recovery utilizes
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CN110590119B (en) * 2019-10-16 2022-01-28 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 Comprehensive utilization method and system for multistage recycling of sludge
CN110698014A (en) * 2019-11-06 2020-01-17 重庆大雨水生态科技有限公司 Harmless treatment process for domestic sludge
CN115583774A (en) * 2022-08-30 2023-01-10 湖南平安环保股份有限公司 Regulation and control method for preparing carbon by sludge pyrolysis
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Application publication date: 20170104