CN106271486A - Method for manufacturing mold - Google Patents

Method for manufacturing mold Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106271486A
CN106271486A CN201610958044.4A CN201610958044A CN106271486A CN 106271486 A CN106271486 A CN 106271486A CN 201610958044 A CN201610958044 A CN 201610958044A CN 106271486 A CN106271486 A CN 106271486A
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China
Prior art keywords
mould
die
described die
cooling duct
mold
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CN201610958044.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
余鹏
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Southern University of Science and Technology
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Southern University of Science and Technology
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Application filed by Southern University of Science and Technology filed Critical Southern University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN201610958044.4A priority Critical patent/CN106271486A/en
Publication of CN106271486A publication Critical patent/CN106271486A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • B23P15/24Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass dies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a die manufacturing method which comprises the following steps: printing a mold core comprising a cooling channel by using a 3D printing method; processing the outer surface of the mold core; processing a mold cavity on the mold core, wherein the cooling channel surrounds the inner wall of the mold cavity; processing out the die assembly; and assembling the mold core and the mold assembly to form the mold. Compared with the cooling channel with a single shape manufactured by the traditional mold manufacturing method, the mold manufacturing method provided by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that the shape of the cooling channel in the mold core manufactured by the 3D printing method can be matched with the shape of the mold cavity to completely surround the mold cavity, so that the cooling effect of the material to be molded in the mold cavity is improved. On the other hand, the temperature of the surface of the die cavity is effectively controlled, and the molding quality of the die is ensured.

Description

Mould manufacturing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to industry manufacture field, particularly relate to mould manufacturing method.
Background technology
Cooling duct is a kind of common structure of mould, and the coolant flowed in the cooling channel can be accelerated mould and treat The rate of cooling of moulding material.In traditional die manufacture, cooling duct is formed by boring on die, this The cooling duct shape that kind traditional moulds manufacture method manufactures is single, and simple in construction causes cooling duct to be treated in die cavity The cooling-down effect of moulding material is limited, affects the molded quality of mould.
Summary of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solve one of technical problem present in prior art.To this end, the present invention provides a kind of mould Tool manufacture method.
The mould manufacturing method of embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
The method printed with 3D prints the die including cooling duct;
Process described die outer surface;
Processing die cavity on described die, described cooling duct is around described die cavity;
Process die assembly;And
Assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould.
In some embodiment, the method that described 3D prints includes selective laser melting molding, electron-beam melting molding Or laser-engineered clean molding.
In some embodiment, the step before the method printed with described 3D produces described die includes: utilize meter Calculation machine software design goes out die and cooling duct.
In some embodiment, the material of described cooling duct includes mould steel, rustless steel, copper and aluminum.
In some embodiment, the processing mode of described die outer surface include Digit Control Machine Tool processing, spark machined or Grinding machine is processed.
In some embodiment, the distance between inwall and the inwall of described die cavity of described cooling duct is 15~25 millis Rice.
In some embodiment, described die assembly includes template, thimble, guide pillar and locating ring.
In some embodiment, a diameter of 9~12 millimeters of cooling duct.
In some embodiment, the described die of described assembling and described die assembly include using mutually to form molding process Change method, trail and error procedure or adjusting method and assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould.
In some embodiment, described mould is used for molding liquid metal or plastic.
The additional aspect of the present invention and advantage will part be given in the following description, and part will become from the following description Obtain substantially, or recognized by the practice of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Above-mentioned and/or the additional aspect of the present invention and advantage are from combining the accompanying drawings below description to embodiment and will become Obtain substantially with easy to understand, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the mould manufacturing method of some embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the another kind of schematic flow sheet of the mould manufacturing method of some embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the mould schematic perspective view of the mould manufacturing method of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the locating ring schematic diagram of the mould manufacturing method of embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the thimble schematic diagram of the mould manufacturing method of embodiment of the present invention.
Main element symbol description:
Mould 12, template 14, guide pillar 16, locating ring 18, thimble 11
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, and the example of described embodiment is shown in the drawings, the most ad initio Represent same or similar element to same or similar label eventually or there is the element of same or like function.Below by ginseng The embodiment examining accompanying drawing description is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In describing the invention, it is to be understood that term " " center ", " longitudinally ", " laterally ", " length ", " width ", " thickness ", " on ", D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " vertically ", " level ", " top ", " end ", " interior ", " outward ", " up time Pin ", the orientation of the instruction such as " counterclockwise " or position relationship be based on orientation shown in the drawings or position relationship, be for only for ease of Describe the present invention and simplification description rather than instruction or the device of hint indication or element must have specific orientation, Yi Te Fixed azimuth configuration and operation, be therefore not considered as limiting the invention.Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for Purpose is described, and it is not intended that indicate or imply relative importance or the implicit quantity indicating indicated technical characteristic. Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or implicitly include one or more described features.? In description of the invention, " multiple " are meant that two or more, unless otherwise expressly limited specifically.
In describing the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is installed ", " phase Even ", " connection " should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixing connection, it is also possible to be to removably connect, or be integrally connected;Can Be mechanically connected, it is also possible to be electrical connection or can mutually communication;Can be to be joined directly together, it is also possible to by between intermediary Connect connected, can be connection or the interaction relationship of two elements of two element internals.Ordinary skill for this area For personnel, above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention can be understood as the case may be.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature it " on " or D score Can include that the first and second features directly contact, it is also possible to include that the first and second features are not directly contact but by it Other characterisation contact between.And, fisrt feature second feature " on ", " top " and " above " include that first is special Levy directly over second feature and oblique upper, or be merely representative of fisrt feature level height higher than second feature.Fisrt feature exists Second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " include that fisrt feature immediately below second feature and obliquely downward, or is merely representative of Fisrt feature level height is less than second feature.
Following disclosure provides many different embodiments or example for realizing the different structure of the present invention.In order to Simplifying disclosure of the invention, hereinafter parts and setting to specific examples are described.Certainly, they are the most merely illustrative, and And be not intended to limit the present invention.Additionally, the present invention can in different examples repeat reference numerals and/or reference letter, This repetition is for purposes of simplicity and clarity, between itself not indicating discussed various embodiment and/or arranging Relation.Additionally, the various specific technique that the invention provides and the example of material, but those of ordinary skill in the art are permissible Recognize the application of other techniques and/or the use of other materials.
Referring to Fig. 1, the mould manufacturing method of embodiment of the present invention comprises the following steps:
S10: the method printed with 3D prints the die including cooling duct;
S20: processing die outer surface;
S30: process die cavity on die, cooling duct is around die cavity;
S40: process die assembly;
S50: assembling die and die assembly are to form mould 12.
The cooling duct single compared to the shape that traditional moulds manufacture method manufactures, the mould of embodiment of the present invention The shape of the cooling duct in the die that the tool manufacture method method that utilizes 3D to print produces, can with the form fit of die cavity with Entirely around die cavity, thus promote the cooling-down effect to material to be formed in die cavity.On the other hand, the temperature of cavity surface obtains Effectively control, it is ensured that the molded quality of mould 12,.
In some embodiments, the method that 3D prints includes selective laser melting (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) molding, electron-beam melting (Electron Beam Melting, EBM) molding or laser-engineered clean molding (Laser Engineered Net Shaping,LENS)。
The 3D printing technique process-cycle is short, time-consuming few to machining from the CAD design of part, whole production process numeral Changing, the correction of data is quick.And different materials to be processed can select different 3D Method of printings, flexibly and easily.
3D print based on mathematical model file, use powdery metal or plastics etc. can jointing material, by successively The mode printed carrys out constructed object.
Before laser beam starts scanning, power spreading device is first in metal dust horizontal sliding to the substrate of moulding cylinder, and laser beam is pressed again The powder filled on contour line selective melting substrate of current layer, processes current layer.Then moulding cylinder declines a thickness Distance, powder cylinder rises certain thickness distance, and power spreading device completes metal dust again on manufactured current layer.Equipment The data calling in next layer of profile are processed.So process layer by layer, until whole part completion of processing.The whole course of processing exists The environment of inert gas shielding is carried out, to avoid metal at high temperature to react with other gases.
The equipment of selective laser melting molding includes optical path unit, machine assembly, control unit, process software and sealing Unit.Optical path unit mainly includes optical fiber laser, beam expanding lens, reflecting mirror, scanning galvanometer and condenser lens.Laser instrument is to select In property laser fusion former, the ingredient of core, directly determines the Forming Quality of whole equipment.Due to optical-fiber laser Utensil has energy conversion efficiency height, dependable performance, life-span length, beam mode to become close to the advantages such as basic mode, selective laser melting Type equipment uses optical fiber laser.And owing to laser beam can be converged into imperceptible light beam, and output wave length, thus light Fibre laser has obvious advantage in the rapid shaping of precision metal detail.Beam expanding lens is that beam quality adjustment is essential Optics.Using beam expanding lens is for expanded light beam diameter, reduces beam divergence angle, thus reduces energy loss.Scanning Galvanometer is driven by motor, is controlled by computer, and laser facula can be made to be accurately located at any position of machined surface.For Overcome the distortion of scanning galvanometer unit, must be with special scanning lens so that focal beam spot obtains unanimously in sweep limits Focus characteristics.Machine assembly includes power spreading device, moulding cylinder, powder cylinder, forming room's water-tight equipment.Selective laser melting becomes Type equipment mainly uses paving to paint and the paving big class power spreading device of powder cylinder two.Moulding cylinder and powder cylinder are by motor control.Motor control The accuracy of system also determines the formed precision of selective laser melting molding.Control system is controlled card group by computer and polylith Become.Computer sends control signal by controlling card to scanning galvanometer, controls scan mirror motion to realize laser scanning.
Selective laser melting molding uses the material powder that fine focus hot spot rapid melting is preset, material after fusing Consistency almost can reach 100%, and dimensional accuracy can reach 20~50 microns, and surface roughness reaches 20~30 microns.
Laser-engineered clean forming technique generates the cad model of part on computers, and then making cad model discrete is one Series 2-d plane graph, computer is derived from scanning path instructions.Laser beam is imported into Working position by optical system, Forming molten bath with metal body generation reciprocal action, metal dust, under the effect of protective gas, is sprayed through powder feeding by powder feeder Mouth collects and is transported in the small molten bath that laser is formed, and forms a diameter less after powder smelting in molten bath, solidification Metal dots.The route be given according to CAD, digital control system controls laser beam particles, just can by the overlap joint of point, line, surface with And the metal parts of successively cladding accumulation any shape.Compared with selective laser melting molding, laser-engineered clean molding Technology is more suitable for manufacturing simple shape, complexity part low, larger-size.
Referring to Fig. 2, in some embodiments, the step before the method printed with 3D produces die includes:
S8: utilize computer software design to go out die and cooling duct.
In embodiment of the present invention, with computer software design die and cooling duct, compare traditional layout design, number According to amendment more convenient, greatly reduce the cost that the amendment of factor data in production process increases.Die that Computer Design goes out and Cooling duct, moreover it is possible to as electronic information storage with exchange, brought great convenience.
Selective laser melting molding is the three-dimensional entity model designing part first with 3D sculpting software, then leads to Cross Slice Software and three-dimensional entity model is carried out slicing delamination, obtain the outline data in each cross section.Scanning pattern generate software by Outline data generates fills scanning pattern, and equipment fills scanning pattern according to these, controls the gold of each layer of laser beam selective melting Belong to dusty material, be progressively stacked into 3-dimensional metal part.
In selective laser melting forming technique, the function of Slice Software is that the three-dimensional CAD model of part is changed into two dimension Hierarchical model, obtain the cross section profile data of material to be processed from level to level.In selective laser melting molding, most basic Operation be control laser be scanned.The cross section information obtained due to layering is outline data, needs to carry out internal filling.Sweep The function retouching coordinates measurement software is exactly to be generated by outline data to fill scanning pattern.Equipment control software is mainly to forming process It is controlled, shows machining state, and then realize man-machine interaction.
In some embodiment, the material of die includes mould steel, rustless steel, copper and aluminum.
Preferably, the mould steel in present embodiment uses H13 mould steel, and it has high-hardenability and thermal crack resistant ability. Owing to H13 mould steel contains carbon and the vanadium of high level, so wearability is good, there is good thermostability, when higher temperature There is preferable intensity and hardness, also there is excellent comprehensive mechanical property and higher anti-temper resistance.The fusing point of copper is About 1083 DEG C, boiling point about 2567 DEG C.Heat conduction and the electric conductivity of copper are preferable.Rustless steel has corrosion resistance and good, at height Remain to keep the feature of excellent physical and mechanical properties under temperature.Aluminium element content in the earth's crust is only second to oxygen and silicon, is the earth's crust The metallic element that middle content is the abundantest, therefore the material source of aluminum enriches, and can reduce processing cost, and the good heat conductivity of aluminum.Institute To use mould steel, rustless steel, copper and aluminum as the material of die, while ensureing the cooling duct life-span, improve mould The cooling-down effect in chamber.
In some embodiment, the processing mode of die outer surface includes Digit Control Machine Tool processing, spark machined or grinding machine Processing.
Digit Control Machine Tool can be with automatic tool changer, and exchanging knives process, by programme-control, is carried out automatically, and therefore, operation compares concentration, subtracts Lack the floor space of lathe, save Factory Building.Digit Control Machine Tool adds man-hour, and automaticity is high, is not required to Artificial Control cutter, to behaviour The requirement making level declines, and the quality of product is more stable.As long as and reprogramming, it is possible to add on same Digit Control Machine Tool Work difference part, flexible high, the market competition can be better conformed to.
Digit Control Machine Tool is a kind of automated machine tool equipped with program control system.This program control system can have logically Process and there is control coding or the program of other symbolic instructions, and input numerical control device by information carrier.Control lathe according to The program of input, shape and size by drawing, automatically part is processed.Digit Control Machine Tool preferably solves multiple Miscellaneous, accurate, the part processing problems of small lot, multi items, is a kind of flexibility, dynamical automated machine tool, represents existing For the developing direction of Machine-Tool Control technology, it it is a kind of typical electromechanical integrated product.
Spark machined can be processed the reluctant material of conventional machining processes method and have the part of complicated shape.And Spark machined will not leave the defect such as burr, tool marks rill on die surface, it is ensured that the dimensional accuracy on die surface.Make Die outer surface reaches to join the requirement needed for mould.Spark machined mode can also control die table by controlling operating current The degree of roughness in face, the most flexibly, conveniently.
Grinding machine is to utilize grinding tool that piece surface is carried out the lathe of grinding.Most of grinding machines use the sand of high speed rotating Wheel carries out grinding, and minority grinding machine uses other grinding tools such as oilstone, abrasive band and free abrasive to be processed.Grinding machine can be processed firmly Spend higher material, such as hardened steel, hard alloy etc..Grinding machine also can process fragile material, including glass, granite.Grinding machine is also High-precision grinding can be done, carry out high efficiency grinding, such as high-rate grinding etc..
In some embodiment, it is preferable that the distance between inwall and the inwall of die cavity of cooling duct is 15~25 millis Rice.
Spacer thickness between cooling duct and die cavity controls at 15~25 millimeters, both will not the most closely cause inhomogeneous cooling Even, also will not too long-range guided missile cause cooling effectiveness low, increase process time, improve production cost.
During it is preferred that the flow regime of coolant reaches turbulent flow in cooling duct, preferable to the cooling-down effect of die cavity.Turbulent flow Also known as turbulent flow, it it is a kind of flow regime of fluid.When the flow velocity of fluid is the least, fluid layering flows, and does not mixes, referred to as layer Stream;When the flow velocity of fluid is gradually increased, the streamline of fluid starts wavy swing occur, and the frequency of swing and amplitude are with flow velocity Increasing and increase, this fluid is referred to as transition flow;When the flow velocity of fluid increases to the biggest, streamline is the most clearly discernable, flow field In have many little whirlpools, this fluid is referred to as turbulent flow.
In cooling duct, the character of coolant also can affect the cooling-down effect of cooling duct.The viscosity of coolant is the lowest, heat The coefficient of conductivity is the highest, and cooling duct is the best to the cooling effect of mould 12.
The design of cooling duct should be corresponding with material to be formed with layout.The position that material to be formed is thicker is the coldest But.Insert and insert seam crossing should not passed through in cooling duct, prevents from leaking.Can not there is water in cooling duct and produce backflow Position, should be unblocked.
In some embodiments, it is preferable that a diameter of 9~12 millimeters of cooling duct.
The diameter of cooling duct selects 9~12 millimeters, it is ensured that the enough sufficient coolant cooling effect to die cavity, enters One step ensure that the Forming Quality of part.Simultaneously, it is thus also avoided that cooling duct diameter is excessive causes taking up space big, it is to avoid material The waste of material, reduces production cost.
When selecting the entrance channel diameter of coolant, the flow velocity at entrance should be made less than the cooling liquid stream in cooling duct Speed, to avoid excessive pressure differential.Mould 12 sprue position often contacts with nozzle of injector, is that on mould 12, temperature is higher Position, should strengthen cooling, should individually cool down if desired.Compound cooling recirculation system is answered in parallel and should not be connected.Cooling duct is entered The temperature difference of the coolant in exit is unsuitable excessive, it is to avoid cause mould 12 surface inhomogeneous cooling even.
Seeing also Fig. 3~5, in some embodiment, die assembly includes template 14, thimble 11, guide pillar 16 and determines Position ring 18.Thimble 11 is for separating part from mould 12 in mould 12.Thimble 11 can use tungsten steel alloy with Dredge longer thinner hole.
According to the in-built difference of mould 12, mould 12 is roughly divided into single die joint injection mould, injection mold with double parting surfaces Injection mould is expected with without runner is solidifying.Single die joint injection mould, also known as two format moulds 12, is in injection mould relatively simply more typically Kind.Single die joint injection mold structure is simple and convenient to operate.Injection mold with double parting surfaces, also known as shree plates mold, has two differences Die joint.Compared with single die joint injection mould, injection mold with double parting surfaces added between sound template one piece transportable Intermediate plate, and runner is set between solid plate and intermediate plate, die cavity is set between intermediate plate and moving platen.Two joint surfaces is noted Penetrate mould to be applicable for use with spot pouring mouth and enter single-cavity or the multiple-cavity mold of glue, injection mold with double parting surfaces can by product and stub bar from Dynamic separation, is suitable for the production in enormous quantities of cavity.
In configuration aspects, shree plates mold one piece intermediate plate more than double-plate mould, need when die sinking one special Device-shutter make solid plate separate with intermediate plate, shutter has three classes: resin shutter, spring-shutter and draw Bar shutter.
Guide pillar 16 is applied in combination with die assembly in mould 12, it is ensured that mould 12 positions to carry out assembling, opening accurately Mould, matched moulds.
Locating ring 18 is the becket of casting positioning muzzle in mould 12 TOP-TIP.Locating ring 18 has resistance to height Temperature, the feature that precision is high.Locating ring 18 generally has A type and Type B two kinds.
Die assembly is carried out cold treatment, can prevent die assembly from use occurring because of Transformation of Retained Austenite The change of size, stablizes the physical dimension of die assembly.Meanwhile, cold treatment can also improve the quenching hardness of die assembly, increases The wearability of die assembly.
Precision bearing is higher to the requirement of dimensional stability.After ring quenching (especially grade quench), interior tissue is still Retaining more retained austenite, this retained austenite is unstable tissue, during storing and using bearing, and can not Change disconnectedly, thus change the precision of bearing.Use cold treatment process for this, it can reduce the residual austenite in tissue Body, improves the hardness of part.
Steel grade that cold treatment is used according to mould 12 part and use different temperature, generally 60 DEG C~80 DEG C. Too low temperature can not make austenite all change, and can increase the cost of processing on the contrary, and part is it is also possible to occur showing of cracking As.In particular cases cold treatment can be carried out in lower temperature, such as about 190 DEG C.The device that cold treatment is commonly used includes industry Refrigerator may be used without special cold treatment special equipment.Cooling medium includes air, to add dry ice (the solid titanium dioxide of ethanol Carbon) or liquid nitrogen.Wherein, the chilling temperature of dry ice is up to 60 DEG C, and the chilling temperature of liquid nitrogen is up to 196 DEG C.Reach predetermined After cold treatment temperature, it is not necessary to specially extend temperature retention time.Cold treatment should be carried out the most immediately.In order to save the energy, first Use cold water flush part, gradually again part is put in cold treatment equipment or medium after cooling.When the ambient temperature of part reduces Speed is preferably slow, and the too fast part that easily causes of lowering the temperature ftractures.After cold treatment completes, take out part and treat that Part temperature is certainly in atmosphere So it is raised to room temperature lentamente, the most again part is tempered.
In some embodiments, the flow process processing die assembly also includes spark machined, Wire EDM, electricity Solve the operations such as processing, electrotyping forming, ultrasound wave processing and Laser Processing.
Spark machined is based on spark eroding principle, tool-electrode (making the negative shape of part to be processed) with When part electrode (part to be processed) is adjacent to each other, voltage across poles is by conducting medium (electrolyte) ionization puncture at two interpolars Form spark discharge, a large amount of heat energy of instantaneous generation in flame path, make part to be processed local melting, even vaporize, evaporate, Thus the type hole required for being formed or blind hole.
Identical with edm forming principle, Wire EDM simply changes tool-electrode into tinsel.The most reciprocal fortune Dynamic tinsel and part produce spark discharge, etching part in media as well, thus cut out a kind of processing method of part.Electricity Spark line cutting need not manufacture tool-electrode, saves man-hour and material.The cycle of Wire EDM is short, low cost.Cutting When seam width is suitable with clearance between punch and die, Wire EDM also can once cut out punch and die comes.
Electrolyzed Processing is the principle utilizing metal that anodic solution occurs in the electrolytic solution, by metal parts machine-shaping.Electricity The working (machining) efficiency solving processing is high, and surface roughness is up to Ra1.6 μm~0.2 μm;Tool-electrode is not lost, and can repeat for a long time Use.The principle of electrotyping forming is to make reducing metal ions be deposited on master mold (negative electrode) surface by the method for electrolysis, makes master mold Obtain metal deposition layer by electrolyte, then metal deposition layer is separated with master mold, can obtain and master mold profile convex-concave phase Anti-die cavity or profile.Electrotyping forming accuracy of repetition is high, reaches micron order.The part that electrotyping forming obtains typically need not revise Processing.And Part Surface Roughness is little, any surface finish, clear-cut.And the equipment of electrotyping forming is simple, can a groove multimode, with The difform cavity parts of Shi Jiagong.
Ultrasound wave processing and utilization ultrasound wave makes part end face make supersonic frequency vibrations, and by the abrasive machining in suspension. Ultrasound wave processing is applicable to various crisp and hard material, the most nonconducting nonmetallic materials, expands the selection of mould 12 material Scope, and the machine tool of ultrasound wave processing is simple, easy to operate.The precision of ultrasound wave processing can reach 0.01~0.02 Millimeter.
Laser Processing is to utilize laser intensity height, good directionality, characteristic that monochromaticity is good to be processed part.Laser Power and density are big, and temperature can reach more than 10000 DEG C.At such elevated temperatures, part can drastically melt or vaporize, it is achieved punching Purpose with cutting.Laser Processing speed is fast, and efficiency is high, and heat affecting is little.Laser Processing be applicable to process deep and little micropore and Narrow slit, as dimaond die punches.
In some embodiment, the described die of described assembling and described die assembly include to form mould 12 step:
Interchange mathod is used to assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould 12.
Interchange mathod assembling die assembly, process is simple, and efficiency is high.Interchange mathod assembling is less demanding to the technology of workman, just In line production and Automated assembly, and interchange mathod assembling easily realizes specialization, reduces production cost.Meanwhile, use mutually Changing method assembling also makes the supply of spare part more convenient.
Interchange mathod is divided into again complete interchange mathod and part interchange mathod.Interchange mathod completely is i.e. less than in mating parts tolerance sum Or in the case of equal to assembling tolerance, part can exchange completely.Completely interchange mathod is to the requirement on machining accuracy of part relatively High.Interchange mathod completely is generally used for the situation that assembly precision requirement is relatively low or assembly precision requirement is higher and part is few.Part is mutually Change method, when i.e. assembling, part without selecting, repair or adjustment be it is ensured that the assembly method of assembly precision requirement.
In some embodiments, the described die of described assembling and described die assembly include to form mould 12 step:
Trail and error procedure is used to assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould 12.
Trail and error procedure refers in batch or under a large amount of working condition, for component part is few, assembly precision requires high size Chain, according to complete interchange mathod, then the tolerance of part can be the least so that processing becomes extremely difficult, in this case, can adopt With selecting trail and error procedure.The method is that the tolerance of makeup ring is amplified to economically viable degree, then selects suitable part to enter Luggage is joined, to ensure the assembly precision of regulation.
In some embodiments, the described die of described assembling and described die assembly include to form mould 12 step:
Adjusting method is used to assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould 12.
The dimensional chain for assembly that makeup ring is more for closed-loop tolerance is relatively tight can use adjusting method.Adjusting method is The tolerance of makeup ring each in dimension chain is increased relative to the value required by interchange assemble method, makes the makeup ring can be by under this working condition The tolerance manufacture of less expensive, the method adjusted during assembling changes actual size or the position compensating ring, makes closed-loop reach public Difference and limit deviation requirement.Adjusting method generally uses Formula of extreme value to calculate.
In some embodiment, mould 12 is for molding liquid metal or plastic.
The mould manufacturing method of embodiment of the present invention, the cooling duct printed by 3D, it is effectively increased liquid metal Setting rate in die cavity, thus the formation of beneficially amorphous structure, thus improve the success rate that liquid metal manufactures.
Use 3D printing technique to produce the cooling duct in die, process by methods such as machining, spark discharges Die cavity and the outer surface of die, and die cavity, die and die assembly are assembled into mould 12.The most logical cooling Liquid, then the metal liquid of molten state is injected die cavity, manufacture liquid metal part.
During molding liquid metal, general die casting or the mode of screw of injection, the metal liquid of molten state is injected mould Intracavity.By the quick cooling of cooling duct, metal liquid solidification forms amorphous liquid metal.
In some embodiments, mould 12 is used for moulded plastic products.In injection molding process, cooling duct is the heaviest Want.Because plastic cools and solidifies the degree of certain rigidity, could be because being deformed by external force after the demoulding.Due to cold But the time accounts for the 70%~80% of whole molding cycle, therefore design good cooling duct can significantly shortening forming time, Improve injection productivity ratio, reduce cost.Designing cooling duct improperly can make molding time lengthen, and cost increases.Cooling duct The buckling deformation that more likely cause plastic even to plastic inhomogeneous cooling.The heat of mould 12 is typically by two ways Footpath distributes.The heat of general 5% is via radiation, the mode such as convection current is delivered in air.Remaining heat reaches cooling by conduction of heat Passage, is taken away by coolant.The molding cycle of injection mo(u)lding is by burn close time, loading time, dwell time, cool time and takes off The mould time forms.Cool time accounts for the largest percentage, and is 70%~80%.Therefore cooling duct will directly affect plastic The length in type cycle and the size of yield, use suitable material to manufacture cooling duct extremely important.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " some embodiment ", " schematically implement Mode ", " example ", the description of " concrete example " or " some examples " etc. mean to combine described embodiment or example describes Specific features, structure, material or feature are contained at least one embodiment or the example of the present invention.In this specification In, the schematic representation of above-mentioned term is not necessarily referring to identical embodiment or example.And, the concrete spy of description Levy, structure, material or feature can combine in any one or more embodiments or example in an appropriate manner.
While embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: Without departing from these embodiments being carried out multiple change in the case of the principle of the present invention and objective, revise, replace and become Type, the scope of the present invention is limited by claim and equivalent thereof.

Claims (10)

1. a mould manufacturing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
The method printed with 3D prints the die including cooling duct;
Process described die outer surface;
Processing die cavity on described die, described cooling duct is around described die cavity;
Process die assembly;And
Assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould.
2. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method that described 3D prints includes selective laser Melt-forming, electron-beam melting molding or laser-engineered clean molding.
3. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the method printed with described 3D produces described mould Step before core includes: utilize computer software design to go out die and cooling duct.
4. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the material of described die includes mould steel, stainless Steel, copper and aluminum.
5. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the processing mode of described die outer surface includes number Control machine tooling, spark machined or grinding machine processing.
6. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inwall of described cooling duct and described die cavity Distance between inwall is 15~25 millimeters.
7. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described die assembly includes template, thimble, guide pillar And locating ring.
8. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that a diameter of 9~12 millimeters of cooling duct.
9. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the described die of described assembling and described die assembly Include using interchange mathod, trail and error procedure or adjusting method to assemble described die and described die assembly to form mould with formation molding process Tool.
10. mould manufacturing method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described mould is for molding liquid metal or moulds Material products.
CN201610958044.4A 2016-10-27 2016-10-27 Method for manufacturing mold Pending CN106271486A (en)

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CN110936118A (en) * 2019-12-17 2020-03-31 东莞市凯融光学科技有限公司 Method for manufacturing tungsten carbide material mold core
CN113199220A (en) * 2021-06-11 2021-08-03 惠州市盈旺精密技术有限公司 Mold core machining method
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CN113600753A (en) * 2021-08-12 2021-11-05 安徽海立精密铸造有限公司 Manufacturing method of sand casting mold
CN114952197A (en) * 2022-06-11 2022-08-30 上海占瑞模具设备有限公司 3D printing runner flow distribution plate machining process

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Application publication date: 20170104