CN106271141A - Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process - Google Patents
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN106271141A CN106271141A CN201610773980.8A CN201610773980A CN106271141A CN 106271141 A CN106271141 A CN 106271141A CN 201610773980 A CN201610773980 A CN 201610773980A CN 106271141 A CN106271141 A CN 106271141A
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- electric smelting
- base material
- rotor
- manufacturing process
- low pressure
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process the method to be the high energy thermal source using arc heat, resistance heat, electroslag heat to be composited, the raw metal silk material of fusing conveying continuously, on base material, Layer by layer solidification stack shaping manufactures rotor component；Adopt the electric smelting head relative movement with base material of computerizeing control, realize molten bath quickly cooling Layer by layer solidification accumulation on base material, final successively stack shaping rotor component, the material of described rotor is 30Cr2Ni4MoV material, electrically smelting is for raw metal silk material C content 0.20 0.28% used, the material C content 0.10 0.18% that electrically smelting obtains, grain size 7 10 grades.The advantages such as the employing present invention has efficiently, low cost, excellent mechanical performances.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process.
Background technology
It is high that 30Cr2Ni4MoV material has quenching degree, the advantages such as comprehensive mechanical performance is good, and heat processing technique is good, therefore by
It is widely used in the manufacturing of nuclear steam turbine low pressure rotor.But this steel is essence coarse-grained steel, there is stronger heredity special
Property, it is easily generated coarse grains and mixed crystal, material manufacture is caused the biggest difficulty.
Rotor steel material preparation at present is main to be smelted by steel ingot and the most repeatedly normalizing heat treatment realization after forged shaping
, with this technique crystal grain thinning, obtain and mould tough mechanical property and the good material members of high-temperature behavior quality.30Cr2Ni4MoV
In reality produces i.e. on the basis of pyroplastic deformation through at least three normalizings, the quenching degree needed for acquisition is high, comprehensive mechanical
The thin brilliant rotor steel material that performance is good, heat processing technique is good.
Although this technique is produced this rotor steel material by being used for without exception, but owing to operation complexity (includes rotor steel
Material development, clean steel smelt research and development, Forging Technology research and develop, Technology for Heating Processing research and development etc.), chemistry with mechanical property control difficulty
Degree is big, causes material phase constitution uneven during heat treatment, even the shortcoming such as stress cracking.Additionally forging structure stock utilization
Low, the cycle is long, also causes manufacturing expense of a relatively high, inefficiency；And due to China's self-technique level, manufacture
Material members quality stability is poor, and percent defective is high, causes projects seriously to drag the phase, causes waste greatly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, present invention is primarily targeted at, it is provided that a kind of efficiently, low cost, there is excellent mechanical performances
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process.
The nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process of the present invention, it is characterised in that:
The method is the high energy thermal source using arc heat, resistance heat, electroslag heat to be composited, the raw metal of fusing conveying continuously
Silk material, on base material, Layer by layer solidification stack shaping manufactures rotor component；
Electric smelting head and base material are connected to two poles, and during shaping, raw metal silk material delivers to base material via conveying mechanism and electric smelting head
Surface, under the accumulation of graininess adjuvant is protected, produces electric arc between raw material thread material and base material, melt portions heap applies adjuvant and formed molten
Melting slag bath, electric current flows through raw material thread material and melted adjuvant slag bath forms resistance heat and electroslag heat, at arc heat, resistance heat, electroslag
Make raw material thread material melt under three kinds of hot composite high-energy Sources of heat, form molten bath, local at substrate surface, continue transferring raw material
Silk material and adjuvant, according to the hierarchy slicing data of formed parts, adopt the electric smelting head relative movement with base material of computerizeing control, real
Existing molten bath quickly cools down Layer by layer solidification on base material and piles up, the most successively stack shaping rotor component.
The material of described rotor is 30Cr2Ni4MoV material, and electrically smelting is for raw metal silk material C content 0.20-used
0.28%, the material C content 0.10-0.18% that electrically smelting obtains, grain size 7-10 level.
Raw material thread material is according to different rotor material requirements special preparation, and raw material thread material diameter can be 2-5mm.
In the present invention, according to rotor steel size and efficiency requirements, the quantity of electric smelting head can be set as 1～100, the most electric
During molten head arrangement, adjacent electric smelting head spacing is 50～500mm.
In the present invention, described base material can be steel pipe or rod iron, external diameter 100-300mm, length substrate and rotor length one
Causing, for providing frock to support for rotor workpiece, and machining is removed after component shaping, when base material is steel pipe, and pipe wall thickness
Not less than 10mm.
Power supply can be direct current or alternating current power supply, and when using DC source, electric smelting head can connect negative or positive electrode.It addition,
According to Forming Workpiece requirement, base material or deposit are heated or cooled, control base material or deposit preheating and interlayer
Temperature is 100 ~ 400 DEG C, and electric smelting head is 300～800mm/min with the relative moving speed of base material, it is achieved the fast rapid hardening in molten bath
Gu, thus obtain crystal grain fine and closely woven, without gross segregation, the material of even tissue, improve greatly the plasticity of Forming Workpiece, toughness and
The mechanical properties such as high-temerature creep.
In the present invention, during successively shaping, raw material thread is in formation molten bath, lower metal surface, and molten drop is with jet
After form enters molten bath, solidification makes double layer of metal form one, it is achieved layering shapes, overall fusion, it is ensured that shape the whole of rotor
Body performance.
The present invention has broken away from the constraint of frock, mould and the specific purpose tool of complexity；Shaping is near net-shaped blank, after production
Only need a small amount of polish, be greatly simplified manufacturing procedure, shorten production life cycle, substantially increase efficiency, provide cost savings；Formed thereby
Rotor has mechanics and a chemical property of the conventional forging process that matches in excellence or beauty, and intensity, toughness, the performance such as anti-corrosion are the most prominent.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1A is the schematic diagram for the electric smelting manufacturing process in detailed description of the invention is described；
Figure 1B is the partial enlarged drawing in Figure 1A near position shown in A；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram for the nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process in embodiment is described.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings the detailed description of the invention of the present invention is illustrated.Figure 1A is for being used for detailed description of the invention is described
In the schematic diagram of electric smelting manufacturing process；Figure 1B is the partial enlarged drawing in Figure 1A near position shown in A.Owing to being schematic diagram,
Thus, in figure, parts are schematic, and its true form is not limited by the illustration with size relationship.
This manufacturing process is to be melted by raw material thread material 1 and successively pile up (for being accumulated to state during n-th layer shown in Fig. 1)
On the material 2 of basis, thus ultimately form required hardware.
Being embodied as operation is:
A. the surface of the base material 2 being positioned on workbench 21 delivered to by raw material thread material 1 by wire feeder 5, and it covers by powder feeding machine
The graininess adjuvant of structure 4 conveying.
B. starting power supply 12, supply voltage makes to form electric arc 9 between raw material thread material 1 and base material 2 and produces arc heat, and arc heat makes
Partial supplementary material 3 melts, and forms adjuvant slag bath 8, and electric current flows through raw material thread material 1 via electric smelting 6 and forms resistance heat, and by melted
Slag bath 8 forms electroslag heat, and three kinds of thermals source are composited high energy thermal source, and melt raw material silk material, in formation molten bath, base material 2 surface 11.
C. electric smelting 6 and the relative movement of base material 2 and the temperature of base material 2 are controlled, it is achieved molten bath 11 solidifies with base material heat exchange
Deposition.
D. wire feeder 5 continues transferring raw material silk material 1 and adjuvant 3 with powder feeding mechanism 4, covers molten bath 11 and base at adjuvant 3
Under the state of material 2, raw material thread material 1 is successively deposited on base material 2, final Forming Workpiece.
Wherein, device (computer) (numerical simulation, mathematical model) hierarchy slicing data control according to Forming Workpiece is controlled
Electric smelting 6 processed and the relative movement mode of base material 2.
In the present invention illustrates, electric smelting tip electrode just connects, and workpiece connects to bear only makees signal effect, it is also possible to electric smelting head connects negative, work
Part just connects, or takes alternating current power supply.
In the present invention, in order to ensure to form good high energy thermal source, especially for producing sufficient electroslag heat, permissible
Suitably regulate the parameter such as relative moving speed of the composition of adjuvant, the diameter of raw material thread material, electric current, base material and raw material thread material.
In the present invention, the form of raw material thread 1 can be pole shape, banding, real core or medicated core；Raw material thread 1 straight
Footpath can be dimensioned so as to 2 ~ 5mm according to Forming Workpiece；Different according to silk material 1 diameter, stretch out length (the energising length of electric smelting head
Degree) it is 20mm～150mm.
In the present invention, adjuvant 3 cladding thickness is 15mm～120mm, uses the effect of adjuvant 3 to include: to cover electric arc 9,
Prevent electric arc from splashing；Cover molten bath 11, completely cut off air, make molten pool metal from the infringement of oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen etc. in air；To molten bath
Metal forms insulation；Go the removal of impurity during metallurgical reaction, mix alloy；The slag bath 8(skull 7 formed) mechanically protect
Deposition metal 10 well shaping etc..
The composition of adjuvant 3 comprises oxide or oxide and halogenide, owing to adjuvant 3 participates in melt tank reaction, adjusts work
Part (hardware, product) composition, thus according to the composition of hardware to be formed and efficiency requirements, can be in adjuvant
Add alloy powder and/or elemental metals powder, reduce production cost.
It addition, in C operation, can incidentally reclaim remaining adjuvant and remove slag bath 8 and solidify and the behaviour of skull 7 that formed
Make.During removal, machine can be started at the relative movement rear 400mm ~ 500mm of raw material thread 1 and remove or artificial removal's operation.
Using the electric smelting manufacturing process of present embodiment, raw material thread utilization rate is close to 100%；Compare existing process technology
(forge, casting etc.), manufacturing process's few (need not the heat treatment of complexity), the cycle is short, and efficiency is high, the machining of hardware
Surplus is the least, decreases the polish time simultaneously and has saved substantial amounts of material.
[embodiment]
Melting manufacturing process by Horizontal electric in this example and make CPR1000 nuclear power station nuclear power conventional island entirety low pressure rotor, it is long
Degree is 11000mm, and maximum outside diameter is 2500mm, material 30Cr2Ni4MoV, and base material selects 42CrMo bar, the equipment used
Including:
(1) revolving support platform；
(2) electric smelting power supply；
(3) electric smelting head；
(4) automatic wire feeding device；
(5) adjuvant automatic transport and adjuvant automatic recycling device；
(6) heater；
(7) chiller；
(8) base material；
(9) device is controlled.
Fig. 2 be the electric smelting manufacturing process for representing the present embodiment schematically illustrate figure, figure eliminates power supply, automatically
The devices such as wire feeder.Material power parameter is as follows:
1) selecting raw material thread material 101, diameter 3mm, C content 0.20-0.28, other element is according to 30Cr2Ni4MoV requirement；
2) 21 electric smelting 601；
3) electric smelting power supply is DC source, uses electric smelting 601 to connect positive source, and base material 201 connects power cathode；
4) electric smelting technological parameter is: electric smelting electric current 600A, electric smelting voltage 30V, electric smelting 601 and base material 201 relative moving speed
400～500mm/min；
5) base material 201 is 42CrMo bar, diameter 300mm, long 12.5 meters.
Using hardware electric smelting manufacturing process to make component, implementation step is as follows:
(1) axis horizontal of base material 201 is configured, and is supported on back-up roller wheel carrier, first by 21 electric smelting 601 with
Spacing (be accurately positioned by central control unit and the arrange) average transverse of 500mm is arranged in the top of base material 201, and adjusts
Good each electric smelting 601 and the distance on base material 201 surface (outer peripheral face), and choose the starting point of electric smelting；
(2) raw material thread material 101 and adjuvant 301 are delivered to base material 201 surface, start power supply, import high energy thermal source, melt raw material silk
Material 101 and adjuvant 301, rotate base material 201 simultaneously, and (each layer is by axially arranging to start each electric smelting 601 ground floor first
Multiple tracks constitute) electric smelting deposition；
(3), after forming a segment distance between electric smelting 601 and electric smelting starting point, start to start adjuvant 301 retracting device by it not
The adjuvant 301 of fusing is regained, and exposes skull and is removed, in order to lower electric smelting deposition (accumulation) together；Subsequent start-up is cold
Electric smelting deposition metal is cooled down or heats by radiator cooler or heater, by its matrix (refer to base material 201 during ground floor, its
Refer to preceding layer deposit during his layer) temperature control at 200～300 DEG C；
(4) when base material 201 rotate a circle complete first electric smelting deposition time, under control of the control means, all electric smelting 601
Width distance is melted in rectilinear movement 3/4 of simultaneously turning left, and adjusts the distance between each electric smelting 601 and the surface of base material 201 simultaneously,
To ensure the stability of electric smelting, start the electric smelting deposition formation of ground floor second afterwards, to ensure during this to enclose around
Between road, overlap joint is good；
(5) after second completes, the shaping that step (4) completes other electric smelting deposition road again is repeated, when reaching last one
Time, last one end point of its adjacent electric smelting 601 and first starting point to overlap well, so that completing the electric smelting of ground floor
Deposition；
(6) after the electric smelting completing ground floor deposits, the height of one layer of deposit thickness of all electric smelting 601 automatic liftings (i.e. after layer)
Degree, the end point of ground floor electric smelting 601 is the starting point of second layer first, and the operation repeating (1)-(4) completes second
The accumulation of layer；
(7) operation repeating (6) completes to need the number of plies to pile up along CAD section track, makes workpiece tentatively become an axis body；
(8) to diagram workpiece shapes (projection on axis body), central control unit is cut into slices track according to CAD, is determined follow-up participation
Pile up electric smelting head, and control each electric smelting 601 rearrangement and location；
(9) according to the CAD section track operation of rotor component, and reed time controll specific electric smelting head works and stops, to the electricity that works
Molten head, according to (1) to step (7), completes other electric smelting sedimentary, final continuous electrofusion formation of deposits whole rotor steel component.
After electric smelting shapes, machining is removed base material 201 and is i.e. obtained required low pressure rotor material.
In the present embodiment, the material of described rotor is 30Cr2Ni4MoV material, and electrically smelting is for raw metal silk material C used
Content 0.15-0.25%, the material C content 0.10-0.18% that electrically smelting obtains, grain size 7-10 level.
Use the present embodiment, owing to being multiple (21) electric smelting 601 shaping arranged side by side, shape thus, it is possible to improve
Efficiency.
Claims (6)
1. a nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process, it is characterised in that:
The method is the high energy thermal source using arc heat, resistance heat, electroslag heat to be composited, the raw metal of fusing conveying continuously
Silk material, on base material, Layer by layer solidification stack shaping manufactures rotor component；
Electric smelting head and base material are connected to two poles, and during shaping, raw metal silk material delivers to base material via conveying mechanism and electric smelting head
Surface, under the accumulation of graininess adjuvant is protected, produces electric arc between raw material thread material and base material, melt portions heap applies adjuvant and formed molten
Melting slag bath, electric current flows through raw material thread material and melted adjuvant slag bath forms resistance heat and electroslag heat, at arc heat, resistance heat, electroslag
Make raw material thread material melt under three kinds of hot composite high-energy Sources of heat, form molten bath, local at substrate surface, continue transferring raw material
Silk material and adjuvant, according to the hierarchy slicing data of formed parts, adopt the electric smelting head relative movement with base material of computerizeing control, real
Existing molten bath is quickly cooling Layer by layer solidification accumulation on base material, the most successively stack shaping rotor component,
The material of described rotor is 30Cr2Ni4MoV material, electrically smelting for raw metal silk material C content 0.20-0.28% used,
The material C content 0.10-0.18% that electrically smelting obtains, grain size 7-10 level.
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Raw material thread material requires preparation, raw material thread material diameter 2-5mm according to rotor material.
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Different according to raw material thread material diameter, the electric current in power parameter is 200A～1500A, and voltage is 20V～40V, and power supply can
To be direct current or alternating current power supply, when using DC source, electric smelting head can connect negative or positive electrode.
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
According to Forming Workpiece requirement, base material or deposit are heated or cooled, control base material or the table of deposit layer
Surface temperature is 100 ~ 400 DEG C.
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
According to rotor steel size and efficiency requirements, the quantity set of electric smelting head is 1～100, during the arrangement of many electric smelting head, and adjacent electricity
Molten head spacing is 50～500mm.
Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described base material is steel pipe or rod iron, external diameter 100-300mm, and length substrate is consistent with rotor length, is used for as rotor workpiece
Offer frock supports, and machining is removed after component shaping, and when base material is steel pipe, pipe wall thickness is not less than 10mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610773980.8A CN106271141A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610773980.8A CN106271141A (en) | 2016-08-31 | 2016-08-31 | Nuclear power conventional island low pressure rotor electric smelting manufacturing process |
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Cited By (1)
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| CN107099674A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-08-29 | 马鞍山尚元冶金科技有限公司 | A kind of application method of the increasing material manufacturing device based on electroslag remelting |
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Application publication date: 20170104 |