CN106270493B - Metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN106270493B
CN106270493B CN201610847240.4A CN201610847240A CN106270493B CN 106270493 B CN106270493 B CN 106270493B CN 201610847240 A CN201610847240 A CN 201610847240A CN 106270493 B CN106270493 B CN 106270493B
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powder
mixing
composite alloy
metal ceramic
mixture
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CN106270493A (en
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赵明建
陈一可
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Chengdu Jintai Precision Technology Co ltd
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Chengdu Jintai Precision Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN201810162461.7A priority patent/CN108213411B/en
Priority to CN201810159481.9A priority patent/CN108265216B/en
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    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder and a preparation method thereof, wherein the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder is TiCN-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, or (Ti, Me) CN-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, or TiCN-MxC-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, or (Ti, Me) CN-MxC-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, or (Ti, Me) CN-TiCN-MxC-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe through mixing, drying, sphericizing, and sintering. The spheroidization of the powder can be carried out by adopting methods such as roller spheroidization, radio frequency plasma spheroidization or spray granulation spheroidization. The metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder provided by the invention is used as a coating material to improve the binding force between a coating and a substrate, and is used as a 3D printing material to improve the quality of a 3D printing product.

Description

Metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the fields of thermal spraying materials, coating materials and 3D printing materials, and particularly relates to metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Failure modes of metal workpieces are mainly caused by wear. Although the wear resistance can be improved by means of heat treatment, modification treatment, doping and the like, the improvement of the surface hardness is very limited, and the potential exertion is limited. Furthermore, the coating technique of the surface of the workpiece is developed, and the cermet is also used as a commonly used coating material. Generally, the higher the hardness of the cermet material is, the stronger the deformation resistance of the surface of the cermet material is, and the better the wear resistance is, and when the cermet material is used as a coating, the better the wear resistance of the surface of a workpiece is improved; the higher the toughness (strength and toughness), the better the impact resistance. Therefore, hardness and toughness have become important indicators for evaluating the performance of cermets. The traditional metal ceramic coating material is directly used after being simply mixed due to the main raw material powder with the conventional size and shape. Its advantages are low cost, and high adhesion between sprayed material and substrate, and complex reaction during thermal spraying. These problems will lead to the deterioration of the coating performance, and thus the cracking and falling off of the coating material during the use of the workpiece will occur, which will affect the use of the product.
For 3D printing of cermet materials, it is essentially a rapid prototyping technique. The traditional powder metallurgy technology is difficult to realize integrated preparation and forming for some metal ceramic workpieces with complex shapes, and the adopted traditional powder metallurgy raw materials are difficult to meet the requirements of the 3D printing technology on the raw materials. In the 3D printing rapid forming process, the raw materials of the traditional powder metallurgy hardly reach the high compactness and the high mechanical property of the traditional powder metallurgy product. Therefore, uniform spherical powder is generally required as a metal ceramic raw material for 3D printing, and the conventional powder spheroidizing method (such as airflow spheroidizing) is high in cost and has great limitation on commercial application.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide novel metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder and a preparation method thereof aiming at the current situation and the defects of the prior art, so as to improve the performance of a coating and the binding force between the coating and a substrate, meet the requirements of 3D printing on metal ceramic raw materials, improve the quality of 3D printing products and reduce the cost of the raw materials.
The invention provides a metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
TiCN-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, wherein the content of TiCN is 60-95%, and the content of Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe is 5-40%; or
(Ti, Me) CN-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, wherein the content of (Ti, Me) CN is 60-95%, and the content of Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe is 5-40%; or
TiCN-MxC-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, wherein the content of TiCN is 20-94%, the content of MxC is 1-40%, and the content of Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe is 5-40%; or
(Ti, Me) CN-MxC-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, wherein the content of (Ti, Me) CN is 20-94%, the content of MxC is 1-40%, and the content of Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe is 5-40%; or
(Ti, Me) CN-TiCN-MxC-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, wherein the content of the mixed powder of (Ti, Me) CN and TiCN is 1-49%, the content of MxC is 41-70%, and the content of Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe is 10-29%;
the metal Me in the (Ti, Me) CN is at least one of W, Mo, Ta, V, Cr, Nb and Zr, and the carbide MxC in the TiCN-MxC-Co is at least one of WC, MoC, Mo2C, TaC, Cr3C2, NbC, VC and ZrC.
In the technical scheme of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder, the content of Me in the (Ti, Me) CN is preferably controlled within the range of 5-40% of the total mass of Ti and Me; the mass content of the (Ti, Me) CN in the mixed powder of the (Ti, Me) CN and the TiCN is preferably controlled within the range of 5-95% of the total mass of the mixed powder.
The preparation method of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder comprises the following process steps:
(1) mixing and drying, namely adding the raw material powder and a ball milling agent in a formula amount into ball milling mixing equipment, fully ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture, and fully drying the obtained mixture in drying equipment to obtain a dried mixture;
(2) spheroidizing powder, namely crushing the dried mixture obtained in the step (1), sieving the crushed mixture by using a 300-600-mesh sieve, feeding the sieved powder material into roller spheroidizing equipment to spheroidize the powder, and sieving the powder to remove spherical powder with the particle size of more than 30 meshes and less than 120 meshes, thereby obtaining spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
and adding a forming agent before granulation;
(3) sintering, namely putting the spherical powder prepared in the step (2) into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa or continuously introducing Ar gas to keep the air pressure in the vacuum sintering furnace at 500-1200 Pa, heating to 350-600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-8 hours to remove the added forming agent, heating to 800-1300 ℃ under vacuum of below 1 × 10-1Pa to fire for 0.5-4 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
or comprises the following process steps:
(1) mixing and drying, namely adding the raw material powder and the ball milling agent in a formula amount into ball milling mixing equipment, fully ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture, and fully drying the obtained mixture in drying equipment to obtain a dried mixture;
(2) pressing and forming, namely sieving the mixture prepared in the step (1) by using a 30-80-mesh sieve for granulation, and then pressing and forming the sieved granules;
and adding a forming agent before granulation;
(3) firing and crushing, namely placing the formed blank obtained in the step (2) into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa or continuously introducing Ar gas to keep the air pressure in the vacuum sintering furnace at 500-1200 Pa, heating to 350-600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-8 hours to remove a forming agent, then firing for 0.5-4 hours at the temperature of 800-1300 ℃ under the vacuum of below 1 × 10-1Pa, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing the sintered formed blank into a particle material of 30-100 micrometers;
(4) performing radio frequency plasma spheroidization, namely placing the granular material with the grain size of 30-100 microns obtained in the step (3) in a radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device for spheroidization under the protection of argon to obtain spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
or comprises the following process steps:
(1) mixing and drying, namely adding the raw material powder, the ball grinding agent and the forming agent in the formula ratio into ball-milling mixing equipment, and fully ball-milling and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) spray granulation, namely feeding the slurry obtained in the step (1) into a centrifugal spray granulation dryer for spray granulation to obtain spherical powder;
(3) and (3) sintering heat treatment, namely placing the spherical powder obtained in the step (2) in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 800-1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min, sintering for 0.5-5 h, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy.
In the technical scheme of the preparation method of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder, the ball-milling agent added in the process of preparing the mixture by ball-milling and mixing is preferably alcohol or acetone; the forming agent added in the mixing process or the forming process is preferably one of polyethylene glycol, paraffin, buna rubber and SD (secure digital) rubber, and the adding amount of the forming agent is preferably controlled within the range of 0.5-5% of the total mass of the raw material powder.
In the preparation method of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder, a spherical roller is adopted for powder sphericizing, a roller device with a roller wall of a jacket structure is preferably adopted, in the process of sphericizing, circulating water flow with the temperature of 50-80 ℃ is introduced into the jacket, the rotating speed of the roller is 15-45 r/min, and the time for sphericizing is 10-20 min.
In the preparation method of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder, the operation priority control of the radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device is as follows: the power is 30-100 KW, the argon working flow is 15-40 slpm, the argon protection flow is 100-200 slpm, the negative pressure of the system is 0.1-0.5 atm, the powder feeding gas flow is 2-8 slpm, and the powder feeding speed is 20-60 g/min; the temperature of the discharge plasma of the radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device is preferably controlled to be not lower than 3200 ℃.
In the preparation method of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder, the operation priority control of the centrifugal spray granulation dryer is as follows: the inlet temperature is 100-350 ℃, the outlet temperature is 80-250 ℃, the rotating speed is 10-25 kr/min, and the slurry feeding speed is 5-22 ml/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the components of the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy prepared by the method can be adjusted according to needs, and meanwhile, because the sintering after the spheroidization belongs to solid phase diffusion sintering, the components are less segregated and have high uniformity, so that the microstructure of the product after spraying or 3D printing is more uniform, and the product performance consistency is higher.
2. As a 3D printing material, the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder provided by the invention overcomes the defects of high porosity and poor mechanical property of a carbonitride material under the condition of 3D printing rapid forming.
3. The metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder provided by the invention is solid solution powder, so that the bonding property of the coating and the matrix can be improved, the stress between the coating and the matrix is effectively reduced, and the performance of the coating is improved. Simultaneously can adjust the mechanical properties of the coating such as toughness and the like
4. The preparation method of the metal ceramic composite alloy spherical powder provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process, low requirement on equipment and greatly reduced preparation cost of the spherical powder, and is particularly suitable for industrial production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the spherical powder obtained in example 2
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the cermet composite alloy spherical powder and the preparation method thereof according to the present invention.
In the following examples, the percentages of the components in the chemical formula of the cermet-containing composite alloy before the components represent the mass percentages of the components in the nitrogen-containing master alloy, and the percentages not written before the components represent the rest.
Example 1
① mixing and drying
Weighing 4kg of Co powder and 6kg of Ti (C)0.7,N0.3) Adding 500g of polyethylene glycol into the powder, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling and mixing method, milling the mixture with alcohol, and then drying the mixture in vacuum to obtain a mixture;
② spheroidization
Crushing and sieving the mixture prepared in the step ① to form powder, wherein the sieving mesh number is 300 meshes, then spheroidizing the powder by adopting a roller spheroidizing method, sieving the powder by using a 30-mesh sieve to obtain the powder passing through the sieve, and sieving the powder by using a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder not passing through the sieve, thus obtaining the spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
③ removing forming agent and heat treating
Placing the spherical powder prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 800 ℃, firing for 4 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
the spheroidization process adopts the spheroidization of the roller, the wall of the roller of the equipment is of a jacket structure, flowing water is introduced into the jacket, the water temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, the rotating speed of the roller is 15r/min, and the spheroidization time is 10 min.
Example 2
① mixing and drying
Weighing TiC0.5N0.5 powder: 9.5 kg; 0.4kg of Co powder; fe powder: 0.1kg of polyethylene glycol is added, 50g of polyethylene glycol is added, all the raw materials are uniformly mixed by a ball milling and mixing method, the ball milling agent is alcohol, and then the mixture is obtained by vacuum drying;
② shaping
Sieving by using a 30-mesh sieve for granulation, and then pressing and forming the granulated granules;
③ pre-firing and crushing
And (3) putting the pressed compact prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 350, keeping the temperature for 8 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 800, firing for 4 hours, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing the pressed compact and the sintered pressed compact into particles of 30 micrometers.
④ spheroidization of discharge plasma
And (3) placing the composite metal ceramic particles prepared in the step ③ in a radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device which operates stably to spheroidize the particles to obtain the composite metal ceramic spherical powder, wherein the discharge plasma spheroidizing process parameters comprise that the power is 30KW, the argon working flow is 15slpm, the argon protection flow is 100slpm, the system negative pressure is 0.1atm, the powder feeding flow is 2slpm and the powder feeding speed is 20g/min, and the temperature of plasma in the discharge plasma spheroidizing is 3400 ℃.
Example 3
① mixing and drying
Weighing (Ti,20W,15Mo,5Ta) C0.7N0.3 powder: 6 kg; co powder: 2.5 kg; 1kg of Ni powder; 0.5kg of Mo powder and 200g of paraffin are uniformly mixed by a ball milling and mixing method, a ball milling agent is acetone, and then the mixture is obtained by vacuum drying;
② shaping
Sieving the mixture by using a sieve of 80 meshes for granulation, and then pressing and forming the granulated granules;
③ pre-firing and crushing
And (3) putting the pressed compact prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, continuously introducing flowing Ar gas with the air pressure of 500Pa in the vacuum furnace, heating to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1350 ℃, firing for 0.5 hour, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing the sintered pressed compact into particles of 100 microns.
④ spheroidization of discharge plasma
And (3) placing the composite metal ceramic particles prepared in the step ③ in a stably-operating radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device for spheroidization to obtain the composite metal ceramic spherical powder, wherein the process parameters of the discharge plasma spheroidizing are that the operating power is 100KW, the argon working flow is 40slpm, the argon protection flow is 200slpm, the system negative pressure is 0.5atm, the powder feeding flow is 8slpm and the powder feeding speed is 60g/min, and the temperature of plasma in the discharge plasma spheroidizing is 3600 ℃.
Example 4
① mixing and drying
Weighing TiC0.7N0.3 powder: 2 kg; WC:3 kg; mo 2C: 1 kg; 2.7kg of Co powder; ni powder: 1.3kg of butyl rubber, 100g of butyl rubber is added, all the raw materials are uniformly mixed by a ball milling and mixing method, the ball milling agent is acetone, and then the mixture is obtained by vacuum drying;
② shaping
Sieving by a 60-mesh sieve for granulation, and then pressing and forming the granulated granules;
③ pre-firing and crushing
Placing the pressed compact prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, continuously introducing flowing Ar gas for keeping the air pressure in the vacuum furnace at 1200Pa, heating to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1200 ℃, firing for 3 hours, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing the pressed compact after sintering into particles of 60 micrometers.
④ spheroidization of discharge plasma
Placing the composite metal ceramic particles prepared in the step ③ in a radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device which operates stably to spheroidize, so that composite metal ceramic spherical powder is obtained, wherein the operating power is 60KW, the argon working flow is 30slpm, the argon protection flow is 120slpm, the system negative pressure is 0.3atm, the powder feeding flow is 6slpm, and the powder feeding speed is 30g/min, wherein the temperature of plasma in the discharge plasma spheroidizing is 3900 ℃.
Example 5
① mixing and drying
Weighing TiC0.7N0.3 powder: 9.4 kg; MoC: 0.1 kg; 0.5kg of Co powder is added with 300g of SD glue, all the raw materials are uniformly mixed by a ball milling and mixing method, the ball milling agent is acetone, and then the mixture is obtained by vacuum drying;
② spheroidization
Crushing and sieving the mixture prepared in the step ① to form powder, wherein the sieving mesh number is 300 meshes, then spheroidizing the powder by adopting a roller spheroidizing method, sieving the powder by using a 30-mesh sieve to obtain the powder passing through the sieve, and sieving the powder by using a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the powder not passing through the sieve, thus obtaining the spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
③ removing forming agent and heat treating
Placing the spherical powder prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 350 ℃, keeping the temperature for 8 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 800 ℃, firing for 4 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
the spheroidization process is characterized in that the spheroidization process is carried out by adopting a roller, the wall of the roller is of a two-layer structure and is hollow, the hollow part can be communicated with inflow water, the water temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, the rotating speed of the roller is 15r/min, and the spheroidization time is 10 min.
Example 6
① mixing and drying
Weighing (Ti,5W) C0.7N0.3 powder: 9.5 kg; 0.5kg of Ni powder, 400g of paraffin wax is added, the raw materials are uniformly mixed by a ball milling and mixing method, a ball grinding agent is alcohol, and then the mixture is obtained by vacuum drying;
② spheroidization
Crushing and sieving the mixture prepared in the step ① to form powder, wherein the sieving mesh number is 600 meshes, then spheroidizing the powder by adopting a roller spheroidizing method, sieving the powder by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the powder passing through the sieve, and sieving the powder by using a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the powder not passing through the sieve, thus obtaining the spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
③ removing forming agent and heat treating
Putting the spherical powder prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, continuously introducing flowing Ar gas for keeping the air pressure in the vacuum furnace at 500Pa, heating to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1300 ℃ for firing for 0.5 hour, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
the spheroidization process is characterized in that the spheroidization process is carried out by adopting a roller, the wall of the roller is of a two-layer structure and is hollow, water can be introduced into the hollow part, the water temperature is controlled at 80 ℃, the rotating speed of the roller is 45r/min, and the spheroidization time is 20 min.
Example 7
① mixing and drying
Weighing (Ti,20W,15Mo,5Ta) C0.5N0.5 powder: 4.65 kg; 0.25kg of TiCN; 2kg of WC; MoC: 1 kg; 1kg of TaC; 0.1kg of NbC; 1kg of Mo powder; adding 350g of polyethylene glycol, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling and mixing method, wherein a ball milling agent is alcohol, and then drying in vacuum to obtain a mixture;
② spheroidization
Crushing and sieving the mixture prepared in the step ① to form powder, wherein the sieving mesh number is 600 meshes, then spheroidizing the powder by adopting a roller spheroidizing method, sieving the powder by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the powder passing through the sieve, and sieving the powder by using a 120-mesh sieve to obtain the powder not passing through the sieve, thus obtaining the spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
③ removing forming agent and heat treating
Putting the spherical powder prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, continuously introducing flowing Ar gas for keeping the air pressure in the vacuum furnace at 1200Pa, heating to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1300 ℃ for firing for 0.5 hour, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
the spheroidization process is characterized in that the spheroidization process is carried out by adopting a roller, the wall of the roller is of a two-layer structure and is hollow, water can be introduced into the hollow part, the water temperature is controlled at 80 ℃, the rotating speed of the roller is 45r/min, and the spheroidization time is 20 min.
Example 8
① mixing and drying
Weighing 2kg of (Ti,5Cr,2V,0.2Nb) C0.3N0.7 powder; 1.5kg of WC powder; 0.5kg of Cr3C 2; VC accounts for 0.5 kg; 1kg of TaC powder; 0.5kg of NbC; 1.8kg of Co powder; 1.8kg of Ni powder; 0.4kg of Fe powder, adding 200g of paraffin, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling and mixing method, and taking out to obtain mixed slurry;
② spray granulation
Carrying out spray granulation treatment on the slurry obtained in the step ① by using a high-speed centrifugal spray granulation dryer to obtain spherical powder, wherein the spray granulation process comprises the steps of setting the inlet temperature to be 100 ℃, setting the outlet temperature to be 80 ℃, setting the rotating speed of an atomizer to be 10kr/min and setting the slurry input speed to be 5 ml/min;
③ heat treatment
And (3) placing the spherical powder obtained in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace for heat treatment at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min and the heat treatment temperature of 800 ℃ for 5 hours, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy.
Example 9
① mixing and drying
9.4kg of (Ti,10W, 5Mo,1Zr) C0.7N0.3 powder is weighed; 0.1kg of ZrC; 0.5kg of Co powder is added with 90g of SD glue, all the raw materials are uniformly mixed by a ball milling and mixing method, and the mixture is taken out to obtain mixed slurry;
② spray granulation
Carrying out spray granulation treatment on the slurry obtained in the step ① by using a high-speed centrifugal spray granulation dryer to obtain spherical powder, wherein the spray granulation process comprises the steps of setting the inlet temperature to 350 ℃, the outlet temperature to 250 ℃, the rotating speed of an atomizer to 25kr/min and the slurry input speed to 22 ml/min;
③ heat treatment
And (3) placing the spherical powder obtained in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace for heat treatment at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min and the heat treatment temperature of 1300 ℃ for 0.5h, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy.
Example 10
① mixing and drying
Weighing 0.095kg of TiC0.7N0.3 powder; (Ti,10W,5Ta) C0.3N0.7:0.005 kg; 3kg of WC; 1.5kg of Mo2C powder; 1kg of TaC powder; 1kg of Cr3C2 powder; 0.5kg of VC powder; 2kg of Fe powder; 0.9kg of Ni powder; adding 400g of SD (secure digital) glue, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling and mixing method, wherein a ball milling agent is acetone, and then drying in vacuum to obtain a mixture;
② spheroidization
Crushing and sieving the mixture prepared in the step ① to form powder, wherein the sieving mesh number is 300 meshes, then spheroidizing the powder by adopting a roller spheroidizing method, sieving the powder by using a 60-mesh sieve to obtain the powder passing through the sieve, and sieving the powder by using an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the powder not passing through the sieve, thus obtaining the spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
③ removing forming agent and heat treating
Placing the spherical powder prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 450 ℃, keeping the temperature for 5 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1000 ℃, firing for 3 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
the spheroidization process is characterized in that the spheroidization process is carried out by adopting a roller, the wall of the roller is of a two-layer structure and is hollow, the hollow part can be communicated with inflow water, the water temperature is controlled at 50 ℃, the rotating speed of the roller is 15r/min, and the spheroidization time is 10 min.
Example 11
① mixing and drying
3kg of TiC0.7N0.3 powder is weighed; (Ti,10W,8Mo) C0.5N0.5:1 kg; WC:3 kg; mo 2C: 2 kg; 1kg of Fe powder; adding 450g of buna rubber, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling and mixing method, wherein a ball milling agent is acetone, and then drying in vacuum to obtain a mixture;
② shaping
Sieving the mixture by using a 60-mesh sieve for granulation, and then pressing and forming the granulated granules;
③ pre-firing and crushing
Placing the pressed compact prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, continuously introducing flowing Ar gas for keeping the air pressure in the vacuum furnace at 1200Pa, heating to 400 ℃, keeping the temperature for 6 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1200 ℃, firing for 3 hours, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing the pressed compact after sintering into particles of 60 micrometers.
④ spheroidization of discharge plasma
And (3) placing the composite metal ceramic particles prepared in the step ③ in a stably-operating radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device for spheroidization to obtain the composite metal ceramic spherical powder, wherein the operating power is 60KW, the argon working flow is 30slpm, the argon protection flow is 120slpm, the system negative pressure is 0.3atm, the powder feeding flow is 6slpm, and the powder feeding speed is 30g/min, wherein the temperature of plasma in the discharge plasma spheroidizing is 3200 ℃.
Example 12
① mixing and drying
Weighing 8kg of (Ti,5W) C0.7N0.3 powder; 2kg of Fe powder, adding 500g of paraffin, uniformly mixing the raw materials by a ball milling and mixing method, wherein a ball milling agent is alcohol, and then drying in vacuum to obtain a mixture;
② spheroidization
Crushing and sieving the mixture prepared in the step ① to form powder, wherein the sieving mesh number is 600 meshes, then spheroidizing the powder by adopting a roller spheroidizing method, sieving the powder by using a 90-mesh sieve to obtain the powder passing through the sieve, and sieving the powder by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the powder not passing through the sieve, thus obtaining the spherical powder with uniform particle size distribution;
③ removing forming agent and heat treating
Putting the spherical powder prepared in the step ② into a vacuum sintering furnace, continuously introducing flowing Ar gas for keeping the air pressure in the vacuum furnace at 500Pa, heating to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2 hours to remove the added forming agent, reducing the air pressure to below 1 × 10-1Pa, heating to 1300 ℃ for firing for 0.5 hour, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy;
the spheroidization process is characterized in that the spheroidization process is carried out by adopting a roller, the wall of the roller is of a two-layer structure and is hollow, water can be introduced into the hollow part, the water temperature is controlled at 80 ℃, the rotating speed of the roller is 35r/min, and the spheroidization time is 20 min.

Claims (5)

1. The metal ceramic composite alloy material for coating spraying and 3D printing is characterized by being spherical powder with the diameter of 30-120 meshes and comprising the following components in percentage by mass: TiCN-Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe, the content of TiCN is 60-95%, the content of Co and at least one selected from Ni, Mo and Fe is 5-40%, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing and drying, namely adding the raw material powder and a ball milling agent in a formula amount into ball milling mixing equipment, fully ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture, and fully drying the obtained mixture in drying equipment to obtain a dried mixture;
(2) spheroidizing powder, namely crushing the dried mixture obtained in the step (1), sieving the crushed mixture by using a 300-600-mesh sieve, feeding the sieved powder material into a spheroidizing roller to spheroidize the powder, and sieving the spheroidized powder to remove the spheroidized powder with the particle size of more than 30 meshes and less than 120 meshes, thereby obtaining the spheroidized powder with uniform particle size distribution; the wall of the spherical roller is of a jacket structure, circulating water flow with the temperature of 50-80 ℃ is introduced into the jacket, the rotating speed of the roller is 15-45 r/min, and the sphericizing time is 10-20 min;
adding a forming agent before granulation, wherein the forming agent is one of polyethylene glycol, paraffin, buna rubber and SD (secure digital) rubber, and the adding amount of the forming agent is 0.5-5% of the total mass of the raw material powder;
(3) sintering, namely putting the spherical powder prepared in the step (2) into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa or continuously introducing Ar gas to keep the air pressure in the vacuum sintering furnace at 500-1200 Pa, heating to 350-600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-8 hours to remove the added forming agent, then heating to 800-1300 ℃ under vacuum of below 1 × 10-1Pa to fire for 0.5-4 hours, and then cooling along with the furnace to obtain the metal ceramic composite alloy material to be prepared, or
(1) Mixing and drying, namely adding the raw material powder and the ball milling agent in a formula amount into ball milling mixing equipment, fully ball milling and mixing to obtain a mixture, and fully drying the obtained mixture in drying equipment to obtain a dried mixture;
(2) pressing and forming, namely sieving and granulating the mixture prepared in the step (1) by using a 30-80-mesh sieve, and then pressing and forming the sieved granules;
adding a forming agent before granulation, wherein the forming agent is one of polyethylene glycol, paraffin, buna rubber and SD (secure digital) rubber, and the adding amount of the forming agent is 0.5-5% of the total mass of the raw material powder;
(3) firing and crushing, namely placing the formed blank obtained in the step (2) into a vacuum sintering furnace, vacuumizing to below 1 × 10-1Pa or continuously introducing Ar gas to keep the air pressure in the vacuum sintering furnace at 500-1200 Pa, heating to 350-600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 2-8 hours to remove a forming agent, then firing for 0.5-4 hours at the temperature of 800-1300 ℃ under the vacuum of below 1 × 10-1Pa, cooling along with the furnace, and crushing the sintered formed blank into a particle material of 30-100 micrometers;
(4) performing radio frequency plasma spheroidization, namely placing the granular material with the grain size of 30-100 microns obtained in the step (3) in a radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device for spheroidization under the protection of argon gas to obtain the metal ceramic composite alloy material to be prepared; or
(1) Mixing and drying, namely adding the raw material powder, the ball grinding agent and the forming agent in the formula ratio into ball-milling mixing equipment, and fully ball-milling and mixing to obtain mixed slurry;
(2) spray granulation, namely feeding the slurry obtained in the step (1) into a centrifugal spray granulation dryer for spray granulation to obtain spherical powder;
(3) and (3) sintering heat treatment, namely placing the spherical powder obtained in the step (2) in a vacuum sintering furnace, heating to 800-1300 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min, sintering for 0.5-5 h, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to obtain the spherical powder of the metal ceramic composite alloy.
2. The cermet composite alloy material for coating spraying and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that the ball milling agent added during the preparation of the mixed slurry by ball milling mixing is alcohol or acetone.
3. The metal ceramic composite alloy material for coating spraying and 3D printing according to claim 1, wherein the operation power of a radio frequency plasma spheroidizing device is 30-100 KW, the working flow of argon is 15-40 slpm, the protection flow of argon is 100-200 slpm, the negative pressure of a system is 0.1-0.5 atm, the flow of powder feeding gas is 2-8 slpm, and the powder feeding speed is 20-60 g/min.
4. The cermet composite alloy material for coating spraying and 3D printing according to claim 3, characterized in that the temperature of the discharge plasma of the rf plasma spheroidizing device is not lower than 3200 ℃.
5. The cermet composite alloy material for coating spraying and 3D printing according to claim 1, characterized in that the centrifugal spray granulation dryer operates at inlet temperature of 100-350 ℃, outlet temperature of 80-250 ℃, rotation speed of 10-25 kr/min, and slurry feeding speed of 5-22 ml/min.
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