CN107794483B - Tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing high-bonding-strength low-porosity coating - Google Patents
Tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing high-bonding-strength low-porosity coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN107794483B CN107794483B CN201711123412.4A CN201711123412A CN107794483B CN 107794483 B CN107794483 B CN 107794483B CN 201711123412 A CN201711123412 A CN 201711123412A CN 107794483 B CN107794483 B CN 107794483B
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 154
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000684 Cobalt-chrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010952 cobalt-chrome Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
-
- B22F1/0003—
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity and a preparation method thereof, wherein the powder comprises the following components: tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder and metal elementary powder accounting for 0.3-2% of the total weight of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder; wherein the metal simple substance powder is attached to the surface of the tungsten carbide-based cermet powder. In the spraying process of the thermal spraying powder, the metal simple substance powder and oxygen in the spraying atmosphere generate exothermic reaction in the environment of high-temperature flame flow, the surface temperature of powder particles is improved by the heat generated by the reaction, the melting degree of the powder under different process conditions is improved, the flattening effect of the spraying powder is better, so that the bonding strength between flattened particles is improved, the porosity of a coating is reduced, and the problems of low bonding strength and high porosity of the coating in the existing thermal spraying powder spraying process are well solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of spraying powder materials for thermal spraying, in particular to tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity.
Background
The tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic has high hardness, good toughness and good comprehensive performance, and is widely applied to the industries of aerospace, metallurgy, petrifaction, machinery and the like. Common tungsten carbide-based cermets for thermal spraying include WC-12Co, WC-17Co, WC-10Co4Cr, WC-CrC-Ni, WC-Ni, etc., where WC is a hard wear-resistant phase and Co, CoCr or Ni is a metal binder phase.
The tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic coating is generally formed by a plasma spraying or supersonic flame spraying process. The porosity of the tungsten carbide coating prepared by plasma spraying is generally more than 5%, and the bonding strength is between 20MPa and 50 MPa; the supersonic flame spraying can produce a compact coating with a pore size below 1%, and the bonding strength of the coating can reach 70 MPa. The thermal spraying process is a process of accumulating molten or semi-molten powder on the surface of a substrate by utilizing high-speed airflow, the molten or semi-molten powder is flat after impacting the substrate, and the bonding condition between the flat powder has a key influence on the performance of a coating. In the spraying process, the melting state of the powder is influenced by a plurality of factors such as the position of the powder in flame flow, heating time, the size and the structure of the powder and the like, and a lot of spraying powder is accumulated on the surface of a substrate due to the fact that the ideal melting state is not achieved due to various process reasons, so that the bonding strength of the coating is poor, the porosity of the coating is high, and other service performances of the coating are further influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the problems of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a high-bonding-strength low-porosity coating, and the powder forms a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which is characterized by comprising the following components:
tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder and metal elementary powder accounting for 0.3-2% of the total weight of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder;
wherein the metal simple substance powder is attached to the surface of the tungsten carbide-based cermet powder.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which is used for preparing the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder and comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing slurry: taking tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, metal simple substance powder, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water as raw materials, uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder, the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water, and stirring to form metal simple substance powder slurry;
step B, mixing: uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder slurry prepared in the step A with the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder to form mixed powder;
step C, drying and sintering: drying the mixed powder mixed in the step B in a drying oven at 100 ℃, and then sintering the dried mixed powder in a vacuum furnace or an inert atmosphere furnace at 540-630 ℃ for 1-2 hours;
step D, screening: and D, screening the powder sintered in the step C to obtain the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the coating with high bonding strength and low porosity.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the coating with high bonding strength and low porosity provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder is formed by attaching the metal simple substance powder with specific dosage to the surface of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, the metal simple substance powder and oxygen in a spraying atmosphere generate exothermic reaction in the environment of high-temperature flame flow in the spraying process, the surface temperature of powder particles is improved by the heat generated by the reaction, the melting degree of the powder under different process conditions is improved, the flattening effect of the spraying powder is better, the bonding strength between flattened particles is improved, the porosity of a coating is reduced, and the problems of low bonding strength and high porosity of the coating in the spraying process of the existing thermal spraying powder are solved. When the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder is sprayed by plasma, the bonding strength of a coating formed reaches 35-60 Mpa, and the porosity of the coating can reach below 4%; when supersonic flame spraying is adopted, the porosity of the coating can reach below 0.6 percent. The coating prepared by the thermal spraying powder has excellent performance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Details which are not described in detail in the embodiments of the invention belong to the prior art which is known to the person skilled in the art.
The embodiment of the invention provides tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which is a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, and the powder consists of the following components:
tungsten carbide-based cermet powder, elemental metal powder accounting for 0.3-2% of the total weight of the tungsten carbide-based cermet powder
Wherein the metal simple substance powder is attached to the surface of the tungsten carbide-based cermet powder.
In the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder, the metal simple substance powder is any one of molybdenum powder, magnesium powder, tantalum powder and aluminum powder. The size of the metal simple substance powder is 0.2-3 microns.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which is used for preparing the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder and comprises the following steps:
step A, preparing slurry: taking tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, metal simple substance powder, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water as raw materials, uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder, the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water, and stirring to form metal simple substance powder slurry;
step B, mixing: uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder slurry prepared in the step A with the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder to form mixed powder;
step C, drying and sintering: drying the mixed powder mixed in the step B in a drying oven at 100 ℃, and then sintering the dried mixed powder in a vacuum furnace or an inert atmosphere furnace at 540-630 ℃ for 1-2 hours;
step D, screening: and D, screening the powder sintered in the step C to obtain the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the coating with high bonding strength and low porosity.
In the step A, the weight of the metal simple substance powder is 0.3-2 and 0% of the weight of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, the weight of the deionized water is 10-20 times of the weight of the metal simple substance powder, and the weight of the polyvinyl alcohol is 1-2% of the weight of the deionized water.
In the step A, the granularity of the metal simple substance powder is 0.2-3 microns.
In the above method step C, the sintering temperature is preferably 580 ℃.
The powder of the invention can improve the melting degree of the powder under different process conditions, reduce the porosity of the coating and prepare the WC-based thermal spraying powder with high bonding strength and low porosity.
The embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
The tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the high-bonding-strength low-porosity coating is prepared by adding 0.3-1% of molybdenum or aluminum and other metal simple substance powder on the surface of tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, wherein aluminum is subjected to exothermic reaction with oxygen in a spraying atmosphere in the environment of high-temperature flame flow in the spraying process, the surface temperature of powder particles is increased by the heat released by the reaction, the melting effect of the spraying powder is improved, the flattening effect of the powder particles with better melting effect is better in the spraying process, so that the bonding strength between the flattened particles is improved, and the porosity of the coating is reduced.
The aluminum powder in the powder material can be replaced by molybdenum powder, magnesium powder, tantalum powder and the like; the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder can be replaced by chromium carbide-based spraying powder, titanium carbide-based spraying powder, aluminum oxide-based spraying powder and the like.
The specific process of the invention is as follows:
step A, slurry preparation: uniformly mixing aluminum powder, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water, and stirring to form a suspension; wherein the mass of the aluminum powder is 0.3-2.0% of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder to be prepared, the particle size is 0.2-3 microns, and 0.5-1.5 microns of aluminum powder is preferred; the mass of the deionized water is 10-20 times of that of the aluminum powder; polyvinyl alcohol accounts for 1-2% of deionized water;
step B, mixing: uniformly mixing the prepared slurry with tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder;
step C, drying and sintering: drying the mixed powder in a drying oven at 100 ℃; then placing the mixture into a vacuum furnace or an inert atmosphere furnace for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 540-630 ℃, the preferred temperature is 580 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-2 hours;
step D, screening: and sieving the sintered powder to obtain the powder with the required particle size.
The invention has the advantages that the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic spraying powder material with high bonding strength and low porosity is prepared, the coating bonding strength is 35-60 Mpa when the spraying powder is sprayed by plasma, and the porosity of the coating can reach below 4%; when supersonic flame spraying is adopted, the porosity of the coating can reach below 0.6 percent.
Example one
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which comprises the following steps:
stirring and mixing 100g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 0.5 micron, 2000g of deionized water and 30g of polyvinyl alcohol to prepare metal simple substance powder slurry; taking 20kg of WC-12Co thermal spraying powder, uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder slurry with the WC-12Co powder, drying in a drying oven at 100 ℃, placing the dried powder in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 580 ℃, sintering for 2 hours, crushing the sintered powder, and screening to obtain the spraying powder; the powder is used as a raw material, and a plasma spraying process is adopted, so that the bonding strength of the prepared coating is 42MPa, and the porosity is about 3.8%; the bonding strength of the prepared coating is more than 70MPa and the porosity is 0.5 percent by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process.
Example two
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which comprises the following steps:
400g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 2 microns, 6000g of deionized water and 100g of polyvinyl alcohol are stirred and mixed to prepare metal simple substance powder slurry; taking 20kg of WC-10Co4Cr thermal spraying powder, uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder slurry with WC-10Co4Cr powder, drying in a drying oven at 100 ℃, placing the dried powder in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 620 ℃, sintering for 1.5 hours, crushing the sintered powder, and screening to obtain the spraying powder. The powder is used as a raw material, and a plasma spraying process is adopted, so that the bonding strength of the prepared coating is 54MPa, and the porosity is about 2.3%; the bonding strength of the prepared coating is more than 70MPa and the porosity is 0.4 percent by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing a coating with high bonding strength and low porosity, which comprises the following steps:
100g of aluminum powder with the particle size of 1 micron, 2000g of deionized water and 20g of polyvinyl alcohol are stirred and mixed to prepare metal simple substance powder slurry; taking 10kg of WC-12Co thermal spraying powder, uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder slurry with the WC-12Co powder, drying in a drying oven at 100 ℃, placing the dried powder in a vacuum sintering furnace for sintering, heating to 550 ℃, sintering for 1 hour, crushing the sintered powder, and screening to obtain the spraying powder. The powder is used as a raw material, and a plasma spraying process is adopted, so that the bonding strength of the prepared coating is 46MPa, and the porosity is about 3.3%; the bonding strength of the prepared coating is more than 70MPa and the porosity is 0.4 percent by adopting a supersonic flame spraying process.
The tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder has the advantages that metal simple substance powder (such as aluminum) is subjected to exothermic reaction with oxygen in a spraying atmosphere in a high-temperature flame flow environment in the spraying process, the surface temperature of powder particles is increased by the heat generated by the reaction, the melting effect of the spraying powder is improved, the flattening effect of the powder particles with better melting effect is better in the spraying process, so that the bonding strength among the flattened particles is improved, and the porosity of a coating is reduced.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A tungsten carbide thermal spray powder for producing high bond strength low porosity coatings, the powder consisting of:
the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder comprises tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder and metal simple substance powder which accounts for 0.3-2% of the total weight of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, wherein the metal simple substance powder is any one of molybdenum powder, magnesium powder, tantalum powder and aluminum powder, and is attached to the surface of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder; the size of the metal simple substance powder is 1-3 microns; the powder is prepared by the steps of preparing slurry, mixing, drying, sintering and screening in sequence; the drying is carried out in an oven at 100 ℃; and sintering in a vacuum furnace or an inert atmosphere furnace at 540-630 ℃ for 1-2 hours.
2. A method of preparing a tungsten carbide thermal spray powder for use in producing a high bond strength low porosity coating, comprising the steps of:
step A, preparing slurry: taking tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, metal simple substance powder, polyvinyl alcohol and deionized water as raw materials, uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder, the polyvinyl alcohol and the deionized water, and stirring to form metal simple substance powder slurry; in the step A of the method, the granularity of the metal simple substance powder is 1-3 microns;
step B, mixing: uniformly mixing the metal simple substance powder slurry prepared in the step A with the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder to form mixed powder;
step C, drying and sintering: drying the mixed powder mixed in the step B in a drying oven at 100 ℃, and then sintering the dried mixed powder in a vacuum furnace or an inert atmosphere furnace at 540-630 ℃ for 1-2 hours;
step D, screening: and D, screening the powder sintered in the step C to obtain the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the coating with high bonding strength and low porosity.
3. The method for preparing the tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing the high-bonding-strength low-porosity coating according to claim 2, wherein in the step A, the weight of the metal simple substance powder is 0.3-2.0% of that of the tungsten carbide-based metal ceramic powder, the weight of the deionized water is 10-20 times of that of the metal simple substance powder, and the weight of the polyvinyl alcohol is 1-2% of that of the deionized water.
4. A method for the production of a tungsten carbide thermal spray powder for the production of high bond strength low porosity coatings according to claim 2 or 3 characterized in that in method step C the sintering temperature is preferably 580 ℃.
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| CN201711123412.4A CN107794483B (en) | 2017-11-14 | 2017-11-14 | Tungsten carbide thermal spraying powder for preparing high-bonding-strength low-porosity coating |
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| CN1087956A (en) * | 1992-12-05 | 1994-06-15 | 吉开俊 | Disposable metallic and ceramic compound spraying powder |
| CN1174247A (en) * | 1997-06-14 | 1998-02-25 | 邓勇 | Tungsten carbide based hard alloy powder for spray welding (painting) and its production process |
| CN101003089A (en) * | 2006-11-27 | 2007-07-25 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Composite powder coated with ultramicro or nanometer metal powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN103769576A (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2014-05-07 | 北矿新材科技有限公司 | Tungsten carbide-based wear-resistant coating material for preparing low-porosity coating and preparation method thereof |
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