CN106262777A - A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar - Google Patents

A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106262777A
CN106262777A CN201610682622.6A CN201610682622A CN106262777A CN 106262777 A CN106262777 A CN 106262777A CN 201610682622 A CN201610682622 A CN 201610682622A CN 106262777 A CN106262777 A CN 106262777A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
powder
sugar
moistureproof
icing sugar
dispensing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201610682622.6A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
许浩文
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to CN201610682622.6A priority Critical patent/CN106262777A/en
Publication of CN106262777A publication Critical patent/CN106262777A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23VINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs

Landscapes

  • Fodder In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the moistureproof Icing Sugar of a kind of baking, by weight, including following raw material: white sugar powder 60~66, additive powder 34~40;Described additive powder, by weight, including following raw material: glucose syrup 55~61, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil 25~29, anhydrous butter oil 7~11, lactose 5.85~6.05, calcium silicates 0.03~0.07.The present invention designs a kind of additive powder for replacing starch to mix with white sugar powder, in additive powder, glucose syrup can bring glucose, the various sugar local flavor such as maltose, and the effect similar to starch can be played after drying, lactose can bring lactose local flavor, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil play embedding effect, prevent Icing Sugar from absorbing water, calcium silicates plays resistive connection effect, prevent Icing Sugar from luming, therefore, after this additive powder mixes with white sugar powder, the moistureproof Icing Sugar of the baking of gained not only has extraordinary moistureproof resistive connection effect, and mouthfeel children is sliding, there is multiple sugar source local flavor, taste is splendid.

Description

A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar
Technical field
The present invention relates to bakery field, relate in particular to the moistureproof Icing Sugar of a kind of baking.
Background technology
Icing Sugar is a kind of food quite liked by common people, can be as flavoring agent or make various delicious snack among the people.And Wherein, the Icing Sugar used in baking field needs have moisture resistance, because once making moist, Icing Sugar can lump, and dispersibility reduces, no It is beneficial to mix with other baking material.
At present, prior art is by addition 3~the starch (generally corn starch) of 5% in Icing Sugar, solves to prevent Damp and sugared grain is entangled with problem.But the taste of starch is boring, its interpolation can largely effect on the taste and flavor of Icing Sugar.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide that one has moistureproof resistive connection effect, mouthfeel children is sliding, it is multiple to have The baking of sugar source local flavor moistureproof Icing Sugar and preparation method thereof.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that the moistureproof Icing Sugar of a kind of baking, by weight Part, including following raw material: white sugar powder 60~66, additive powder 34~40;
Described additive powder, by weight, including following raw material: glucose syrup 55~61, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil 25~29, anhydrous milk Oil 7~11, lactose 5.85~6.05, calcium silicates 0.03~0.07.
White sugar, is extraction syrup from Caulis Sacchari sinensis or Radix Betae, through works such as filtering, precipitate, evaporate, crystallize, decolour and be dried Skill and make.For white particulate crystal, purity is high, and cane sugar content is more than 99%.It is available.
Glucose syrup, is a kind of a kind of starch syrup produced for raw material in the effect of enzyme or acid with starch, Main Ingredients and Appearance For glucose, maltose, maltotriose, maltotetraose and tetrose with first-class.It is also called liquid glucose, Portugal's wheat syrup.Can city Fetch.
Petiolus Trachycarpi oil, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil is also known as palm fibre haze wax oily, brown, oil palm fruit mesocarp the oils and fats extracted, for non-drying oil.It it is mesh The vegetable oil kind that volume of production on former world, consumption figure and the quantum of international trade are maximum, with soybean oil, Oleum Brassicae campestris the referred to as " world Three big vegetable oil ", have more than the edible history of 5,000 years.It is available.
Anhydrous butter oil, anhydrous butter oil is also anhydrous milkfat, with breast and (or) butter or dilute butter (fermented or azymic) For raw material, the processed fat content the made product not less than 99.8%.It is available.
Lactose, lactose is the one of disaccharide, is the disaccharidase in mammal milk, and its molecular structure is by a part Glucose and the condensation of a part galactose are formed.Taste is micro-sweet.Industry is extracted from milk surum, be used for manufacturing baby food, confection, Imitation etc..
The present invention also provides for the preparation method of the moistureproof Icing Sugar of above-mentioned baking, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing
Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil are fully merged under conditions of 60~70 DEG C, obtains mixture A;
Tentatively mixing with a part of glucose syrup after lactose and calcium silicates uniformly being mixed, gained mixed liquor is again with surplus Remaining glucose syrup mixing, then stirs under conditions of 60~70 DEG C, obtains mixture B;
Mixture A and mixture B is mixed, is warming up to 73~83 DEG C, under the rotating speed of 60 revs/min, keep 30 minutes, obtain just dispensing;
(2) homogenizing
Squeezing in homogenizer by first dispensing, obtain whole dispensing after homogenizing processes, the maximum working pressure of homogenizer is not Must be more than 25Mpa;
(3) it is dried
Whole dispensing is carried out spray drying treatment;
(4) cooling
Whole dispensing through dried enters fluid bed, after fluid bed cools down, obtains described additive powder;
(5) pulverize
White sugar carrying out pulverization process, then crosses 200 mesh sieves, the white sugar powder under collection screen is stand-by;
(6) it is dry mixed
The additive powder that white sugar powder step (5) collected obtains with step (4) mixes, and after stirring, crosses 200 mesh Sieve, siftage is the moistureproof Icing Sugar of described baking.
The present invention bakees the powder white with moistureproof Icing Sugar, and feel is fine and smooth;The yield of additive powder is 6.95 7.05:1, the additive powder of 1kg prepared by i.e. 6.95 7.05kg raw materials.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is embodied in:
1. the present invention designs a kind of additive powder for replacing starch to mix with white sugar powder, glucose in additive powder Slurry can bring the various sugar local flavor such as glucose, maltose, and can play the effect similar to starch after drying, and lactose can bring Lactose local flavor, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil play embedding effect, prevent Icing Sugar from absorbing water, and calcium silicates plays resistive connection effect, prevents sugar Powder lumps, and therefore, after this additive powder mixes with white sugar powder, the moistureproof Icing Sugar of the baking of gained not only has extraordinary anti- Tide resistive connection effect, and mouthfeel children is sliding, has multiple sugar source local flavor, and taste is splendid.
2. the present invention bakees and is substantially better than existing moistureproof Icing Sugar by the moistureproof resistive connection performance of moistureproof Icing Sugar, and meanwhile, The present invention bakees has multiple sugar source local flavor with moistureproof Icing Sugar, and mouthfeel children is sliding, and taste is splendid, and the moistureproof time is long, and character is stable, no Variable color.
3. the present invention bakees the preparation method with moistureproof Icing Sugar simply, can be by different material through being processed into uniformity Powder, during use, easily stir, each raw material can effectively play its effect, obtain baking protection against the tide Icing Sugar often The lower long-time preservation of temperature, Shelf-life, it is adaptable to industrialization and family oriented use.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
The various raw materials that following example are used, as being not specifically noted, are commercially available prod well known in the art.
Embodiment 1
A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar, by weight, including following raw material: white sugar powder 63, additive powder 37;
Described additive powder, by weight, including following raw material: glucose syrup 58, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil 27, anhydrous butter oil 9, lactose 5.95, calcium silicates 0.05.
The preparation method of the moistureproof Icing Sugar of above-mentioned baking, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing
Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil are fully blended in No. 1 tank under conditions of 65 DEG C, obtain mixture A;
Lactose and calcium silicates are dry mixed at normal temperatures after uniformly with 1/3rd glucose syrup at a little mixing tank In tentatively mix, gained mixed liquor mixes in No. 2 tanks with remaining glucose syrup again, and under conditions of 65 DEG C stir Uniformly, mixture B is obtained;
Mixture A and mixture B is squeezed in blending tank simultaneously, is warming up to 78 DEG C, under the rotating speed of 60 revs/min, protect Hold 30 minutes, make it stir, obtain just dispensing;
(2) homogenizing
First dispensing is squeezed in homogenizer, and starts to adjust pressure, it is desirable to homogenizer pressure stability, the senior engineer of homogenizer Must not exceed 25Mpa as pressure, after homogenizing processes, obtain whole dispensing;
(3) it is dried
Whole dispensing is carried out spray drying treatment, and the inlet temperature of spray-drying process is 170 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 85 ℃;
(4) cooling
Whole dispensing through dried enters fluid bed, and fluid bed uses three sections of wind cooling temperature lowering modes, wherein front pathogenic wind-warm Degree is 68 DEG C, and middle air temperature is 48 DEG C, and rear air temperature is 25 DEG C, after fluid bed cools down, obtains described additive powder;
(5) pulverize
White sugar is put into super micron mill carries out pulverization process, then cross 200 mesh sieves, the white sugar powder under collection screen Stand-by, oversize re-starts pulverization process;
(6) it is dry mixed
White sugar powder step (5) collected and the additive powder obtained with step (4) put in dry mixing device and mix, Stirring 20 minutes under the rotating speed of 40 revs/min, make it stir, then cross 200 mesh sieves, siftage is described baking with anti- Tide Icing Sugar.
Embodiment 2
A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar, by weight, including following raw material: white sugar powder 60, additive powder 34;
Described additive powder, by weight, including following raw material: glucose syrup 55, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil 25, anhydrous butter oil 7, lactose 5.85, calcium silicates 0.03.
The preparation method of the moistureproof Icing Sugar of above-mentioned baking, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing
Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil are fully blended in No. 1 tank under conditions of 60 DEG C, obtain mixture A;
Lactose and calcium silicates are dry mixed at normal temperatures after uniformly with 1/3rd glucose syrup at a little mixing tank In tentatively mix, gained mixed liquor mixes in No. 2 tanks with remaining glucose syrup again, and under conditions of 60 DEG C stir Uniformly, mixture B is obtained;
Mixture A and mixture B is squeezed in blending tank simultaneously, is warming up to 73 DEG C, under the rotating speed of 60 revs/min, protect Hold 30 minutes, make it stir, obtain just dispensing;
(2) homogenizing
First dispensing is squeezed in homogenizer, and starts to adjust pressure, it is desirable to homogenizer pressure stability, the senior engineer of homogenizer Must not exceed 25Mpa as pressure, after homogenizing processes, obtain whole dispensing;
(3) it is dried
Whole dispensing is carried out spray drying treatment, and the inlet temperature of spray-drying process is 165 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 80 ℃;
(4) cooling
Whole dispensing through dried enters fluid bed, and fluid bed uses three sections of wind cooling temperature lowering modes, wherein front pathogenic wind-warm Degree is 60 DEG C, and middle air temperature is 40 DEG C, and rear air temperature is 15 DEG C, after fluid bed cools down, obtains described additive powder;
(5) pulverize
White sugar is put into super micron mill carries out pulverization process, then cross 200 mesh sieves, the white sugar powder under collection screen Stand-by, oversize re-starts pulverization process;
(6) it is dry mixed
White sugar powder step (5) collected and the additive powder obtained with step (4) put in dry mixing device and mix, Stirring 20 minutes under the rotating speed of 40 revs/min, make it stir, then cross 200 mesh sieves, siftage is described baking with anti- Tide Icing Sugar.
Embodiment 3
A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar, by weight, including following raw material: white sugar powder 66, additive powder 40;
Described additive powder, by weight, including following raw material: glucose syrup 61, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil 29, anhydrous butter oil 11, breast Sugar 6.05, calcium silicates 0.07.
The preparation method of the moistureproof Icing Sugar of above-mentioned baking, comprises the following steps:
(1) dispensing
Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil are fully blended in No. 1 tank under conditions of 70 DEG C, obtain mixture A;
Lactose and calcium silicates are dry mixed at normal temperatures after uniformly with 1/3rd glucose syrup at a little mixing tank In tentatively mix, gained mixed liquor mixes in No. 2 tanks with remaining glucose syrup again, and under conditions of 70 DEG C stir Uniformly, mixture B is obtained;
Mixture A and mixture B is squeezed in blending tank simultaneously, is warming up to 83 DEG C, under the rotating speed of 60 revs/min, protect Hold 30 minutes, make it stir, obtain just dispensing;
(2) homogenizing
First dispensing is squeezed in homogenizer, and starts to adjust pressure, it is desirable to homogenizer pressure stability, the senior engineer of homogenizer Must not exceed 25Mpa as pressure, after homogenizing processes, obtain whole dispensing;
(3) it is dried
Whole dispensing is carried out spray drying treatment, and the inlet temperature of spray-drying process is 175 DEG C, and temperature of outgoing air is 90 ℃;
(4) cooling
Whole dispensing through dried enters fluid bed, and fluid bed uses three sections of wind cooling temperature lowering modes, wherein front pathogenic wind-warm Degree is 75 DEG C, and middle air temperature is 55 DEG C, and rear air temperature is 35 DEG C, after fluid bed cools down, obtains described additive powder;
(5) pulverize
White sugar is put into super micron mill carries out pulverization process, then cross 200 mesh sieves, the white sugar powder under collection screen Stand-by, oversize re-starts pulverization process;
(6) it is dry mixed
White sugar powder step (5) collected and the additive powder obtained with step (4) put in dry mixing device and mix, Stirring 20 minutes under the rotating speed of 40 revs/min, make it stir, then cross 200 mesh sieves, siftage is described baking with anti- Tide Icing Sugar.
The yield of the additive powder in embodiment 1 to 3 is 6.95 7.05:1, and i.e. 6.95 7.05kg raw materials are prepared The additive powder of 1kg.
Embodiment 4
Bakee the moisture-resistant test with moistureproof Icing Sugar
The moistureproof Icing Sugar of baking embodiment 1-3 prepared, pure white sugar powder and existing moistureproof Icing Sugar (with the addition of The corn starch of 5%) be placed in temperature be 30 DEG C, relative air humidity be 65% environment in stand 24 hours, the most every 2 hours Observing and record the state of Icing Sugar, result is as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1
From the results shown in Table 1, the present invention bakee be substantially better than by the moistureproof resistive connection performance of moistureproof Icing Sugar existing anti- Tide Icing Sugar, and meanwhile, the present invention bakees has multiple sugar source local flavor with moistureproof Icing Sugar, mouthfeel children is sliding, and taste is splendid, moistureproof Time is long, and character is stable, invariant color.
Be to be understood that example as herein described and embodiment only for explanation, those skilled in the art can make according to it Various amendments or change, in the case of without departing from spirit of the invention, broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. one kind bakees with moistureproof Icing Sugar, it is characterised in that by weight, including following raw material: white sugar powder 60~66, interpolation Material powder 34~40;
Described additive powder, by weight, including following raw material: glucose syrup 55~61, Petiolus Trachycarpi oil 25~29, anhydrous butter oil 7 ~11, lactose 5.85~6.05, calcium silicates 0.03~0.07.
2. the preparation method bakeed with moistureproof Icing Sugar as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) dispensing
Petiolus Trachycarpi oil and anhydrous butter oil are fully merged under conditions of 60~70 DEG C, obtains mixture A;
Tentatively mixing with a part of glucose syrup after lactose and calcium silicates uniformly being mixed, gained mixed liquor is again with remaining Glucose syrup mixes, and then stirs under conditions of 60~70 DEG C, obtains mixture B;
Mixture A and mixture B is mixed, is warming up to 73~83 DEG C, under the rotating speed of 60 revs/min, keep 30 points Clock, obtains just dispensing;
(2) homogenizing
Squeezing in homogenizer by first dispensing, obtain whole dispensing after homogenizing processes, the maximum working pressure of homogenizer must not surpass Cross 25Mpa;
(3) it is dried
Whole dispensing is carried out spray drying treatment;
(4) cooling
Whole dispensing through dried enters fluid bed, after fluid bed cools down, obtains described additive powder;
(5) pulverize
White sugar carrying out pulverization process, then crosses 200 mesh sieves, the white sugar powder under collection screen is stand-by;
(6) it is dry mixed
The additive powder that white sugar powder step (5) collected obtains with step (4) mixes, and after stirring, crosses 200 mesh sieves, Siftage is the moistureproof Icing Sugar of described baking.
CN201610682622.6A 2016-08-18 2016-08-18 A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar Pending CN106262777A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610682622.6A CN106262777A (en) 2016-08-18 2016-08-18 A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610682622.6A CN106262777A (en) 2016-08-18 2016-08-18 A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106262777A true CN106262777A (en) 2017-01-04

Family

ID=57679737

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610682622.6A Pending CN106262777A (en) 2016-08-18 2016-08-18 A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106262777A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107372847A (en) * 2017-08-25 2017-11-24 南京郁氏生物科技有限公司 Molecule bakees the research and development and preparation of powder
CN107736418A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-27 厦门众果食品科技有限公司 A kind of moistureproof powder and preparation method thereof
CN108617812A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-10-09 中华全国供销合作总社杭州茶叶研究所 A kind of moisture-proof tea powder and preparation method thereof and the application in food
CN109875029A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-06-14 芝兰雅烘焙原料(无锡)有限公司 A kind of baking moisture-proof Icing Sugar and preparation method thereof
WO2023160580A1 (en) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 安琪酵母股份有限公司 Moisture-proof powdered sugar, preparation method therefor and use thereof

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3686000A (en) * 1971-01-11 1972-08-22 Gen Foods Corp Moisture resistant sugar filaments
JPS63313599A (en) * 1987-06-13 1988-12-21 日本油脂株式会社 Powdery sugars improved in hygroscopicity and production thereof
CN103039781A (en) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-17 苏州工业园区尚融科技有限公司 Preparation method of low-sugar table sugar
CN105410935A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-03-23 许浩文 Sweet green rice ball pre-making powder
CN105595309A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-25 南通励成生物工程有限公司 Method for preparing moisture-proof anti-caking nutritional supplement

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3686000A (en) * 1971-01-11 1972-08-22 Gen Foods Corp Moisture resistant sugar filaments
JPS63313599A (en) * 1987-06-13 1988-12-21 日本油脂株式会社 Powdery sugars improved in hygroscopicity and production thereof
CN103039781A (en) * 2012-12-26 2013-04-17 苏州工业园区尚融科技有限公司 Preparation method of low-sugar table sugar
CN105410935A (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-03-23 许浩文 Sweet green rice ball pre-making powder
CN105595309A (en) * 2015-12-18 2016-05-25 南通励成生物工程有限公司 Method for preparing moisture-proof anti-caking nutritional supplement

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107372847A (en) * 2017-08-25 2017-11-24 南京郁氏生物科技有限公司 Molecule bakees the research and development and preparation of powder
CN107736418A (en) * 2017-10-23 2018-02-27 厦门众果食品科技有限公司 A kind of moistureproof powder and preparation method thereof
CN108617812A (en) * 2018-03-29 2018-10-09 中华全国供销合作总社杭州茶叶研究所 A kind of moisture-proof tea powder and preparation method thereof and the application in food
CN109875029A (en) * 2019-04-10 2019-06-14 芝兰雅烘焙原料(无锡)有限公司 A kind of baking moisture-proof Icing Sugar and preparation method thereof
WO2023160580A1 (en) * 2022-02-28 2023-08-31 安琪酵母股份有限公司 Moisture-proof powdered sugar, preparation method therefor and use thereof

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106262777A (en) A kind of baking uses moistureproof Icing Sugar
JP5978418B2 (en) Cellulose composition
CN105559025B (en) Sweet potato paste and preparation method thereof for frozen
CN106551365A (en) Edible areca-nut brine capable of inhibiting areca-nut re-brine and preparation method thereof
EP3206505B1 (en) Confectionary production
CN105918582A (en) Eyesight-improving tea polysaccharide chocolate and production method thereof
CN105595244A (en) Preparation method of high-purity instant fruit powder
CN102106388B (en) Acidic milk powder and preparation method thereof
CN104509572A (en) High dietary fiber cookie and preparation method thereof
JP2011055771A (en) Powdery mixture for macaroon, method for producing macaroon, and macaroon
EP3207807B1 (en) Ginseng powder-containing beverage composition and method for preparing same
CN103907993A (en) Sweet corn health drink and preparation method thereof
KR101419037B1 (en) Manufacturing method of friut icecream containing soft persimmon and yellow pumpkin
CN107836614B (en) Grain fermented beverage and preparation method thereof
TW200824579A (en) Process for making jelly containing pectin
CN109430649A (en) A kind of barley seedling beverage and preparation method thereof
KR101419036B1 (en) Manufacturing method of soft persimmon icecream
KR20150078622A (en) Plum candy manufacturing method
CN106070934A (en) A kind of marble chocolate
CN106343314A (en) Instant wheat seedling powder
KR101329602B1 (en) Making method of ice cream using malt
CN104522281A (en) Ice cream for supplementing iron and preparation method of same ice cream
JP2007159570A (en) Frozen dessert stabilizer, and frozen dessert containing the same
CN109699805A (en) Reduce the manufacture craft of candied cake of popped rice fat content
CN103181503A (en) Canned black sesame paste rice dumpling and preparation method thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20170104