CN106258936A - A kind of early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties - Google Patents
A kind of early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties Download PDFInfo
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- CN106258936A CN106258936A CN201610659849.9A CN201610659849A CN106258936A CN 106258936 A CN106258936 A CN 106258936A CN 201610659849 A CN201610659849 A CN 201610659849A CN 106258936 A CN106258936 A CN 106258936A
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- chrysanthemum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
The invention belongs to cross-breeding field, relate to a kind of early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties.The present invention with scented tea morning by chrysanthemum kind ' July is white ' for maternal, respectively with ' Flos Chrysanthemi ' of high yield and ' Flos Chrysanthemi ' of high-drug-effect composition as male parent, configure two cross combinations, carry out artificial hybridization breeding, sowing then, Second Year is sowed and divides Seedling field planting spring, Post flowering is with flower pattern, Hua Jing, florescence etc. as foundation, Preliminary screening fine individual plant, after within 3rd year, expanding propagation forms strain again, footpath, florescence, individual plant and unit are flower, dry flower yield etc. are relatively spent in screening further, screen elite plant strain.Identified by organoleptic quality, chemical constituents determination, Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment is used to be analyzed evaluating again, to screen early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose Flos Chrysanthemi new lines, the present invention can improve chrysanthemum for tea use phase later present situation, improving tea chrysanthemum yield, meet the market demand, this is by significant with the market development of chrysanthemum to tea.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cross-breeding field, relate to a kind of early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties
Method.
Background technology
Chrysanthemum Origin, in China, has the cultivation history of more than 2500 year, and kind reaches more than 3000 kinds, is that China's plantation is the widest
General a kind of tradition famous flower.But Flos Chrysanthemi cultivate the earliest be based on tea with and medicinal chrysanthemum, at present whole nation cultivated area has reached tens of
Ten thousand mu, become important viewing and admiring and tea, medical flower.Chrysanthemum for tea use nature and flavor are slightly cold, micro-sweet, containing more volatile oil, flavone
Class and phenolic acid compound, and containing the trace element such as abundant ferrum, zinc, calcium, amino acids etc., have that heat clearing away is quenched one's thirst, wet one's whistle life
Tianjin, blood fat-reducing blood pressure-decreasing, effect of life lengthening, can treat the diseases such as headache, dizziness, conjunctival congestion, irritable feverish sensation of chest and heart, treatment skin ulcer, toxic swelling.Modern medicine
Reason research shows, the effects such as Flos Chrysanthemi has antibacterial, antiviral, infection, antioxidation, to cardiovascular disease, diabetes and swollen
Tumor has certain curative effect.
Our people just has chrysanthemum flower beverage use, medicinal custom since ancient times, has emerged in large numbers ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', ' Bo
Chrysanthemum ', the local varieties such as ' Flos Chrysanthemi '.And current, along with market demand increases, south, the plantation of various places, north the tea enterprise of chrysanthemum or kind
Plant family to increase accordingly, but be limited to traditional category and mostly be the feature of late flower, the most difficult promote in North China and northern area；And due to
Florescence concentrates, and pick and process also brings bigger difficulty and risk.Meanwhile, the main cultivation tea of current China there is also with chrysanthemum is wide in variety
Yield poorly or the most high deficiency of medicinal ingredient.In view of this, cultivate have the florescence early, yield per unit area is high and medicinal effective one-tenth
Divide high Dendranthema morifolium Varieties to become development tea to use or the key factor of Chrysanthemum morifolium industry.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: it is an object of the invention to for current China tea the most single by chrysanthemum kind, the florescence is later, yield poorly
Or the problem such as medicinal ingredient is the highest, it is provided that a kind of early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties, this will
Significant to the market development of promotion tea use, medicinal chrysanthemum.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties, it comprises the following steps:
1) acquisition of Flos Chrysanthemi material and Field Screening
Select with scented tea chrysanthemum kind ' July is white ' morning as female parent, respectively with ' Flos Chrysanthemi ' of high yield and high-drug-effect composition
' Flos Chrysanthemi ' is male parent, configures two cross combinations, and female parent carries out artificial emasculation bagging isolation, and male parent is at tubular flower loose powder protheca
Bag, pollination when fine day morning 10 is up to afternoon 4, same inflorescence repeats to pollinate 2 times；Sowing then, Second Year is sowed also spring
Point Seedling field planting, Post flowering with florescence, flower pattern, Hua Jing etc. as foundation, Preliminary screening fine individual plant, the 3rd year again expanding propagation form strain
After, footpath, florescence, individual plant and unit are flower, dry flower yield etc. are relatively spent in further screening, it is thus achieved that superior strain；
2) organoleptic quality evaluations
Organoleptic quality evaluations standard includes dry commenting and wet two parts of commenting, and dry comments flower-shape and the pattern evaluation including dry flower, wet
Comment and include abnormal smells from the patient, soup color, soup flower and the evaluation of mouthfeel；Sensory evaluation includes preliminary assessment and reexamines, preliminary assessment: select 12 to have Tea Science grounding in basic skills
Personage form subjective appreciation group, by the evaluation criterion of table 1, carry out sensory evaluation and give a mark, complete one glass of every product, gargle with clear water
Mouthful, in order to avoid sense of taste interference, each index removes best result and minimum point, and the score into this index of averaging, by comparation and assessment, just
Step filters out and is suitable for doing the tea material of chrysanthemum；Reexamine: material preliminary assessment screened by the evaluation criterion of table 1 with chrysanthemum expert by four tea
Material is evaluated, and screens further；
3) chemical composition content measures and analyzes
Ultraviolet spectrophotometer method measures its general flavone content, and UPLC method measures chlorogenic acid, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and luteoloside
Content, National Standard Method measures Flos Chrysanthemi sample water extractum, and use SPSS software analysis, difference sample total flavones, chlorogenic acid, sweet-scented osmanthus
Grass glycosides, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and water extraction content compare analysis；
4) Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment assay
The different each indexs of Flos Chrysanthemi material have more significantly breed difference, with florescence, yield, flower-shape, pattern, abnormal smells from the patient, soup
Color, Tang Hua, mouthfeel, total flavones, chlorogenic acid, luteoloside, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and water extraction content's index are as tea chrysanthemum quality
Statistical appraisal key element, sets up tea chrysanthemum Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment model；Tea chrysanthemum each essential elements of evaluation statistics and weight are shown in Table 2, M1
For stressing field character, M2 stresses organoleptic quality, and M3 stresses chemical composition content, and M4 stresses field character, organoleptic quality and one-tenth
Divide equilibrium, formulate 4 groups of weights, by four groups of weight model built according to different emphasis, result is carried out computational analysis, from
Fuzzy overall evaluation result can draw, under four different weight model, score is above meansigma methods and higher than conventional tea
With chrysanthemum ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', the material of ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', it is early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose chrysanthemum new lines.
The present invention with conventional tea by chrysanthemum kind as object, by artificial hybridization selection-breeding method, at field selection-breeding elite plant strain, then
Carry out organoleptic quality qualification and effective constituent determination further, and use Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment to carry out systematic analysis technique, with
Screening early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose Flos Chrysanthemi new varieties, by significant with the market development of chrysanthemum to tea.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The tea selection cross method of chrysanthemum kind that the present invention provides, has the advantage that compared with prior art and kind
And good effect:
(1) present invention utilizes Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment to be analyzed the tea quality of chrysanthemum material, it is possible to ratio is more fully
Analyze the tea field character of chrysanthemum, drink quality and medicinal quality.
(2) present invention can improve the present situations such as the chrysanthemum for tea use phase is later, yield is relatively low fast and effectively, improves tea and produces with chrysanthemum
Amount,
Meet the market demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 artificial bagging
Fig. 2 artificial hybridization
Fig. 3 artificial seed
Fig. 4 treats material selection field figure
The tea fresh dry flower of chrysanthemum new lines and the figure of making tea of Fig. 5 screening
Detailed description of the invention
The early blossoming of present invention offer, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties, its detailed description of the invention
As follows:
1) acquisition of Flos Chrysanthemi material and Field Screening
Select with scented tea chrysanthemum kind ' July is white ' morning as female parent, respectively with ' Flos Chrysanthemi ' of high yield and high-drug-effect composition
' Flos Chrysanthemi ' is male parent, configures two cross combinations, and female parent carries out artificial emasculation bagging isolation, and male parent is at tubular flower loose powder protheca
Bag, pollination when fine day morning 10 is up to afternoon 4, same inflorescence repeats to pollinate 2 times；Sowing then, Second Year is sowed also spring
Point Seedling field planting, Post flowering with flower pattern, Hua Jing, florescence etc. as foundation, Preliminary screening fine individual plant, the 3rd year again expanding propagation form strain
After, footpath, florescence, individual plant and unit are flower, dry flower yield etc. are relatively spent in further screening, it is thus achieved that superior strain；
2) organoleptic quality evaluations
Organoleptic quality evaluations standard includes dry commenting and wet two parts of commenting, and dry comments flower-shape and the pattern evaluation including dry flower, wet
Comment and include abnormal smells from the patient, soup color, soup flower and the evaluation of mouthfeel；Sensory evaluation includes preliminary assessment and reexamines, preliminary assessment: select 12 to have Tea Science grounding in basic skills
Personage form subjective appreciation group, by the evaluation criterion of table 1, carry out sensory evaluation and give a mark, complete one glass of every product, gargle with clear water
Mouthful, in order to avoid sense of taste interference, each index removes best result and minimum point, and the score into this index of averaging, by comparation and assessment, just
Step filters out and is suitable for doing the tea material of chrysanthemum；Reexamine: material preliminary assessment screened by the evaluation criterion of table 1 with chrysanthemum expert by four tea
Material is evaluated, and screens further；
Table 1 organoleptic quality evaluations standard
3) chemical composition content measures and analyzes
The extraction of 1 total flavones extracts chrysanthemum total flavone with assay EtOH Sonicate ripple method, selects ultraviolet spectrophotometry
Measure its assay.
The extraction of 2 chlorogenic acids, luteoloside and 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and assay were with reference to version " China's people's republicanism in 2010
State's pharmacopeia " in the chlorogenic acid in Flos Chrysanthemi, luteoloside and the assay method of 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid content, select ultra high efficiency liquid phase color
Spectrometry (UPLC) is measured.
The mensuration of 3 chrysanthemum water extractum, with reference to GBT 8305-2013 tea Extract mensuration, measures the water of Flos Chrysanthemi sample
Extract content.
Use SPSS software, analyze different sample total flavones, chlorogenic acid, luteoloside, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and water extraction and contain
Amount.
4) Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment assay
For single index, easily distinguish the quality of quality between different materials, but under numerous indexs, a kind of tea will be determined
It is inconvenient with the quality of chrysanthemum material.But tea is complex and synthetic with the evaluation of chrysanthemum quality, composition tea uses chrysanthemum
The factor of quality trait has diversity and lack of uniformity, it is important that it has ambiguity.In order to ratio more fully divides
The analysis tea quality of chrysanthemum, selects Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment to be analyzed the tea quality of chrysanthemum material.
1 Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment mathematical modeling is analyzed
If being equivalent to set of factors X={x of quality trait (such as general flavone content, chlorogenic acid content etc.)1,x2,x3,…xn,
Represent opinion rating (as good, in, difference etc.) evaluation collection V={v1,v2,v3,…vn}.According to blurring mapping principle, B=M R
Can be as the mathematical model of overall merit, R is a fuzzy relation on X V, and M is the fuzzy subset on domain X, respectively comments
Sentence the weight of index, and B is evaluation result.
2 essential elements of evaluations and the establishment of weight
In order to tea quality by chrysanthemum quality is better described, such as stresses field character according to distinct principle, stress sense organ product
Matter, stresses chemical composition content, stresses field character, organoleptic quality and balanced composition, formulates 4 groups of weights, and M1 is for stressing field
Character, M2 stresses organoleptic quality, and M3 stresses chemical composition content, and M4 stresses field character, organoleptic quality and balanced composition, is shown in Table
2.It is calculated different results, and obtains final conclusion by analysis.Owing to date value is the highest, represent that the florescence is more
Evening, and the highest quality that represents of remaining every prevailing value is the best, the best in order to unify numerical value the highest expression quality, therefore by the florescence
This testing index carries out Quantitative marking.Full marks 30 points, full-bloom stage, between 10.10-10.15, is entered as 30-26 respectively and divides；
10.16-20 is entered as 25-21 respectively and divides, and the date at florescence often postpones 5 days, subtracts 5 point, the like, until full-bloom stage 11.5-
11.9 divide for 5-1.
Table 2 tea chrysanthemum each essential elements of evaluation statistics and weight
3 membership function model evaluation results
Successively with M1, M2, M3, M4 are expert at after forming matrix transpose and are defined as weight matrix.Successively with X1, X2 ...,
X26 represents each sample such as Flos Chrysanthemi, Flos Chrysanthemi etc. be expert at composition matrix, i.e. set of factors.Due to by all evaluation indexes all
Be converted to numeral, there is not the situation that grade is evaluated, it is possible to be interpreted as R=X.Set B=X M is passed judgment on by calculating,
To corresponding result B, i.e. obtain tea chrysanthemum fuzzy overall evaluation result table, be shown in Table 3.Can obtain from fuzzy overall evaluation result table
Go out, under four different weight model, score be above meansigma methods and higher than the conventional tea material of chrysanthemum be YH6, YC6,
YL34, YL30, YC1-21, YC1-9, YC1-44, YC1-18, YC7-3, wherein YC6 overall scores is best, dividing of ranking TOP V
Not Wei YC6, YL34, YC1-18, YC1-9, YC7-3, enter to elect as early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose Flos Chrysanthemi new lines.
5) early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose Flos Chrysanthemi new varieties are filtered out
By Field Screening, it is processed further and carries out organoleptic quality qualification, chemical constituents determination, then using fuzzy synthesis
Assessment method is analyzed evaluating, and filters out early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose Flos Chrysanthemi new lines: YC6, YL34, YC1-18, YC1-
9、YC7-3。
Table 3 tea chrysanthemum fuzzy overall evaluation result
Claims (1)
1. an early blossoming, high yield type tea, the selection cross method of medicine dual-purpose Dendranthema morifolium Varieties, it is characterised in that it includes following step
Rapid:
1) acquisition of Flos Chrysanthemi material and Field Screening
Select with scented tea chrysanthemum kind ' July is white ' morning for maternal, respectively with ' Flos Chrysanthemi ' and ' Chu of high-drug-effect composition of high yield
Chrysanthemum ' it is male parent, configure two cross combinations, female parent carries out artificial emasculation bagging isolation, and male parent is bagging before tubular flower loose powder,
Pollination when fine day morning 10 is up to afternoon 4, same inflorescence repeats to pollinate 2 times；Sowing then, Second Year is sowed and divides Seedling spring
Field planting, Post flowering with florescence, flower pattern, Hua Jing etc. as foundation, Preliminary screening fine individual plant, the 3rd year again expanding propagation formed after strain,
Footpath, florescence, individual plant and unit are flower, dry flower yield etc. are relatively spent in screening further, it is thus achieved that superior strain；
2) organoleptic quality evaluations
Organoleptic quality evaluations standard includes dry commenting and wet two parts of commenting, and dry comments flower-shape and the pattern evaluation including dry flower, wet comments bag
Include abnormal smells from the patient, soup color, soup flower and the evaluation of mouthfeel；Sensory evaluation includes preliminary assessment and reexamines, preliminary assessment: select 12 people having Tea Science grounding in basic skills
Scholar forms subjective appreciation group, by the evaluation criterion of table 1, carries out sensory evaluation and gives a mark, complete one glass of every product, gargles with clear water,
In order to avoid sense of taste interference, each index removes best result and minimum point, and the score into this index of averaging, by comparation and assessment, tentatively
Filter out and be suitable for doing the tea material of chrysanthemum；Reexamine: material preliminary assessment screened by the evaluation criterion of table 1 with chrysanthemum expert by four tea
Evaluate, screen further；
Table 1 organoleptic quality evaluations standard
3) chemical composition content measures and analyzes
Ultraviolet spectrophotometer method measures its general flavone content, and UPLC method measures containing of chlorogenic acid, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and luteoloside
Amount, National Standard Method measures Flos Chrysanthemi sample water extractum, and uses SPSS software analysis, different sample total flavones, chlorogenic acid, resedas
Glycosides, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and water extraction content compare analysis；
4) Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment assay
The different each indexs of Flos Chrysanthemi material have more significantly breed difference, with florescence, yield, flower-shape, pattern, abnormal smells from the patient, soup color, soup
Flower, mouthfeel, total flavones, chlorogenic acid, luteoloside, 3,5-Dicaffeoylquinic acid and water extraction content's index are as tea chrysanthemum statistics of attributes
Essential elements of evaluation, sets up tea chrysanthemum Field Using Fuzzy Comprehensive Assessment model；Tea chrysanthemum each essential elements of evaluation statistics and weight are shown in Table 2, and M1 is side
Weight field character, M2 stresses organoleptic quality, and M3 stresses chemical composition content, and it is equal that M4 stresses field character, organoleptic quality and composition
Weighing apparatus, formulates 4 groups of weights, by four groups of weight model built according to different emphasis, result is carried out computational analysis, from fuzzy
Comprehensive evaluation result can draw, under four different weight model, score is above meansigma methods and uses chrysanthemum higher than conventional tea
' Flos Chrysanthemi ', ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', the material of ' Flos Chrysanthemi ', be early blossoming, high yield type tea, medicine dual-purpose chrysanthemum new lines.
Table 2 tea chrysanthemum each essential elements of evaluation statistics and weight
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109673409A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-26 | 沈阳市苏家屯区久久祥瑞农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Edible chrysanthemum |
| CN115707377A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-02-21 | 浙江海丰生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for optimizing breeding through chrysanthemum hybridization |
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| JP2011083260A (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-04-28 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Chrysanthemum plant and method for creating the same |
| CN103828710A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 南京农业大学 | Efficient chrysanthemum cross-breeding method |
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2016
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011083260A (en) * | 2009-10-19 | 2011-04-28 | Chubu Electric Power Co Inc | Chrysanthemum plant and method for creating the same |
| CN103828710A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 南京农业大学 | Efficient chrysanthemum cross-breeding method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 宋雪彬: "基于评判模型优选食用菊花品种", 《中国观赏园艺研究进展》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109673409A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-04-26 | 沈阳市苏家屯区久久祥瑞农业种植专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of Edible chrysanthemum |
| CN115707377A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-02-21 | 浙江海丰生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for optimizing breeding through chrysanthemum hybridization |
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