CN106256920A - A kind of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel with good oxidation resistance energy and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel with good oxidation resistance energy and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106256920A CN106256920A CN201510338198.9A CN201510338198A CN106256920A CN 106256920 A CN106256920 A CN 106256920A CN 201510338198 A CN201510338198 A CN 201510338198A CN 106256920 A CN106256920 A CN 106256920A
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Abstract
A kind of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel with good oxidation resistance energy and manufacture method thereof, the chemical composition mass percent of this steel is: C:0.025～0.035%, Si:0.6～1.0%, Mn:1.2～2.0%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.030%, Cr:17.0～19.0%, Ni:9.00～12.00%, N:0.01～0.03%, Ti≤0.2%, Nb≤0.2%, Ce:0.01～0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and need to meet: Ti+Nb >=5C or Ti+Nb >=5 (C+N).The present invention feeds Rare-Earth Ce in smelting process, then through continuous casting, steel slab surface reconditioning, heating of plate blank, roll, be thermally treated resulting in product made from steel, significantly improve the manufacturability of product made from steel, surface quality and high temperature oxidation resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel Material Field, be specifically related to one and there is good antioxygen
Change titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel and the manufacture method thereof of performance.
Background technology
Titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel has good intergranular corrosion resistance performance and welding performance, chemical industry,
The field such as space flight, pressure vessel obtains wider application.But produce containing Ti austenitic stainless steel and have very
Big difficulty, is primarily present three big difficulties: one is submersed nozzle dross；Two is crystallizer " knot
Fish " (referring to caking)；Three is slab and plate surface quality problem.Specifically, molten steel continuous casting mistake
In journey, submersed nozzle dross is serious, causes continuous casting to produce difficulty, and usually occurs " knot in crystallizer
Fish " phenomenon causes producing continuously.
Research shows, due to the existence of the problems referred to above, causes final products-stainless steel industry plate, thin plate
Surface is easily generated bar squama, line squama, a large amount of defects such as scab.Stainless steel surfaces existing defects not only can shadow
Ring product lumber recovery, also can affect its normal use.
C in existing titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel 321 composition, the Ti that N content is higher, required
Content is the highest；The Ti part added in smelting process is used for microalloying, other major part quilt
Oxidation forms the field trash of Ti.The inclusion content of Ti is too high causes cast nozzle clogging, surface matter
It is poor to measure.Therefore, need the composition to titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel badly and technique improves, research and development one
Have good manufacturability, non-oxidizability and great surface quality containing Ti austenitic stainless steel.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of have good oxidation resistance can titanium-containing austenitic stainless
Steel and manufacture method thereof, to improve the manufacturability of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel, improve final steel simultaneously
Antioxygenic property under the conditions of the surface quality of product and applied at elevated temperature, concrete this steel of guarantee is at 800 DEG C
Oxidation weight gain ＜ 0.05mg/cm under the conditions of aoxidizing 100 hours2, beneficially the batch production of product and
Promote the use of.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme is that
A kind of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel with good oxidation resistance energy, its chemical composition percent mass
Ratio is: C:0.025～0.035%, Si:0.6～1.0%, Mn:1.2～2.0%, P≤0.035%, S≤0.030%,
Cr:17.0～19.0%, Ni:9.00～12.00%, N:0.01～0.03%, Ti≤0.2%, Nb≤0.2%,
Ce:0.01～0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and above-mentioned element needs to meet simultaneously
Following relation: Ti+Nb >=5C or Ti+Nb >=5 (C+N).
Further, titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel of the present invention is under the conditions of 800 DEG C of oxidations 100 hours
Oxidation weight gain ＜ 0.05mg/cm2。
In the composition design of steel of the present invention:
C:C is strong formation also stable austenite in austenitic stainless steel and expands austenitic area
Element.C is a kind of interstitial element simultaneously, is remarkably improved the intensity of steel by solution strengthening.But
Under the conditions of some, C chromium in steel is combined the Cr forming Gao Ge23C6Type carbide, makes the corrosion resistance of steel
Particularly intergranular corrosion resistance performance declines.The strong parent of Ti Yu C is utilized just containing Ti austenitic stainless steel
Fixing C with power, the C compound reducing Cr separates out, and improves intergranular corrosion resistance performance.Therefore, need
The Ti wanting 5 times of C content fixes C, so, the highest required Ti content of C content is the highest.
Ensureing that certain intensity angle considers from reducing Ti content, the present invention controls C content and is simultaneously
0.025～0.035%.
Si:Si is the ferritic element of strong formation, in austenitic stainless steel, along with Si content
Improving, ferrite content will increase, but Si contributes to forming rich Si oxide-film at stainless steel surfaces,
Improve stainless antioxygenic property.In steel of the present invention, it is also possible to utilize Si to spread faster and oxygen
Change ability, rapidly diffuses into the rare earth element added in surface and steel under oxidizing atmosphere and jointly acts on and carrying
The adhesiveness of high chromium oxide film, makes oxide-film as protective layer and lubricant, thus improves surface quality
And antioxygenic property.Therefore, the present invention controls Si content is 0.6～1.0%.
Mn:Mn is more weak austenite former, but has strong stable austenite tissue
Effect.Research shows, when in steel, Mn content is less than 2%, the change of Mn content is often to chromium nickel Ovshinsky
The stainless tissue of body has not significant impact.In steel of the present invention, Mn is except can be with stable austenite
Outside tissue, it is also possible to reduce the free oxygen content in steel, it is made by Mn and S simultaneously and forms MnS
Eliminate the illeffects of remaining S in steel.Therefore, the present invention control Mn content control be
1.2～2.0%.
P and S is inevitable impurity element, and performance is had adverse influence, presses lower limit as far as possible
Control, therefore control P≤0.035%, S≤0.030%.
Cr:Cr is topmost alloying element in rustless steel, determines stainless decay resistance.
Cr is strongly to form and stablize ferritic element, reduces austenitic area.Along with Cr content in steel
Increase, austenitic stainless steel is likely to occur ferritic structure.Cr or carbide,
Owing in steel of the present invention, C content controls relatively low, the most certain Ti content, the carbon compound of Cr can
To obtain suitable control.Cr is non-oxidizability and high temperature corrosion resistance to maximum effect of steel of the present invention.
Considering, it is 17～19% that the present invention controls Cr content.
Ni:Ni is main alloy element in austenitic stainless steel, strong formation stable austenite, uses
Austenite structure completely is formed in steel of the present invention.Ni makes steel have good intensity and plasticity, tough
The cooperation of property, and there is excellent hot and cold processing characteristics and cold formability and welding performance.But
Ni content is relatively big, from antioxygenic property, austenite structure stability and economy on manufacturing cost impact
Considering, Ni controls in threshold level, and content range is 9.0～12.0%.
N:N is strong formation and the stable and element of expansion austenite phase field.Form the energy of austenite
Power is suitable with C, 30 times of about Ni.N can substitute for part Ni in austenitic stainless steel,
Increase N and can reduce the ferrite content in steel, austenite structure can be made more stable.But N
Also can be combined formation TiN with Ti and consume the Ti for fixing C.For avoiding more Ti addition,
Improving the manufacturability of steel, N is controlled below 0.03% by the present invention.
Ti:Ti adds as stabilizing element in austenitic stainless steel, is used for improving austenite
Stainless intergranular corrosion resistance performance.C in steel can be solidly soluted into austenite base when being heated to high temperature
In body and can remain to room temperature by the way of rapid cooling, form supersaturated austenite.But Austria at this moment
Family name's body is unstable, and in 400～800 DEG C of temperature ranges during heating, C will be with the shape of carbide
Formula separates out from matrix.Owing to Cr is easily combined with C and preferential along grain boundary precipitate, thus cause crystalline substance
The lean Cr in boundary, will produce intercrystalline corrosion under corrosive medium effect.Owing to the affinity of Ti with C is remote
More than Cr, in austenitic stainless steel, the most usually add Ti, as the stabilisation of C in fixing steel
Element, the preferential combination with Ti of the C of precipitation forms TiC, prevent or reduce Cr carbide shape
Becoming, from preventing the lean Cr of intergranular, improve the intergranular corrosion resistance performance of austenitic stainless steel, this contains just
The meaning that Ti austenitic stainless steel exists.But Ti is prone to oxidation, can block water in molten steel casting process
Mouthful, reduce stainless manufacturability.According to C content number, typically need 5 times of C content
Ti fixes C, and the present invention controls Ti content≤0.2%.
Nb:Nb is to have the stabilizing element that act on the same with Ti, and it is combined formation with C, N
The formation of the carbonitride of Cr in the carbonitride suppression steel of Nb, thus improve stainless resistance to intergranular
Corrosive nature.Nb is the most oxidizable simultaneously, will not bring because oxide blocking mouth of a river reduction rustless steel can
The problem of manufacturing, also favourable to improving surface quality, but the price of Nb is higher than Ti.The present invention
From the standpoint of economical, manufacturability and surface quality three, Ti is replaced to meet with a part of Nb
Ti+Nb >=5C or Ti+Nb >=5 (C+N), Nb≤0.2%, it is to avoid intercrystalline corrosion occurs, and carries simultaneously
High manufacturability and surface quality.
Rare earth (Ce): Ce has the effect of three aspects in steel of the present invention: first in smelting process
Utilize the strong adhesion of itself and oxygen, reduce the concentration of free oxygen in molten steel, it is to avoid the oxidation of Ti,
Make Ti give full play to the effect of stabilizing element, avoid the oxide blocking mouth of a river of Ti simultaneously, improve
Manufacturability；Furthermore, rare earth element ce and silicon act on the adhesiveness that can improve chromium oxide film jointly,
The oxide-film containing Rare-Earth Ce that stainless steel slab is formed in heating and course of hot rolling can serve as protection
Film and the effect of lubricant, be conducive to promoting surface quality；It addition, certain content dilute in steel matrix
Soil Ce can significantly improve the antioxygenic property of austenitic stainless steel.But Ce is oxidizable, recovery rate is low,
And its oxide also can block the mouth of a river, therefore, the control of Rare-Earth Ce content is by the present invention
0.01～0.03%, and to combine with follow-up key production technology thereof.
The manufacture method of the titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel with good oxidation resistance energy of the present invention,
It comprises the steps:
1) smelting, continuous casting
By above-mentioned chemical composition through electric furnace, AOD furnace smelting, LF refining furnace refine, it is cast into slab；
Wherein, in AOD furnace, the terminal C content of molten steel controls is 0.015～0.025%；In LF refining furnace
Feeding Rare-Earth Ce after alloying component is adjusted in place, the total feed quantity of Rare-Earth Ce presses Ce recovery rate
30～50% calculate, after being sufficiently stirred for, it is ensured that inclusion floating time >=15min；Niobium is added before tapping
Ferrum and ferrotianium, niobium, titanium control inclusion floating time >=10min after adding well again.
During casting, mold gap insertion depth is 100～110mm, and the casting degree of superheat is 30～45 DEG C.
2) steel slab surface reconditioning
Emery wheel reconditioning is used to remove steel slab surface defect.
3) heating of plate blank
Slab tapping temperature is 1200～1240 DEG C, and heat time heating time is by every millimeter of slab thickness heating
1.0～2min calculate.
4) hot rolling
Finishing temperature >=900 DEG C of hot rolling.
5) heat treatment
Heating-up temperature is 1080 DEG C+Δ T, Δ T=(Nb/0.1%) * 20 DEG C.
Critical process in manufacture process of the present invention controls:
(1) control to be 0.015～0.025% by the terminal C content of AOD furnace smelting molten steel, it is to avoid follow-up
It is unsatisfactory for composition requirement because increasing C causes C content too high.
(2) after major alloy composition is adjusted in place, Rare-Earth Ce is fed at LF refining furnace station, by Ce
Recovery rate 30～50% calculates total feed quantity, ensures that the inclusion floating time was at 15 minutes after being sufficiently stirred for
Above so that the oxidation removal produced is clean.
Before tapping, ferro-niobium and ferrotianium is added, it is ensured that Ti+Nb >=5C or Ti+Nb >=5 (C+N) during casting,
And ferrotianium palpus selection low-aluminum ferrotitanium (low Al height Ti), niobium, titanium ensure more than 10 minutes after adding well again
The inclusion floating time.
The present invention first feeds Rare-Earth Ce, carries out deep deoxidation, and the addition for follow-up Ti, Nb creates hypoxia
Condition, it is ensured that the recovery rate of Ti, Nb, is also prevented from producing too much Ti oxide, brings nozzle blocking
Risk.
(3) big bag is carried out to the argon envelope of tundish, the sealing of tundish, non-oxidation at casting station
Protection, the measure such as non-oxidation protection of crystallizer, prevent the process oxidational losses of Ti and Ce.
(4), during casting, mold gap insertion depth is strict controlled in 100～110mm, prevents steel
Ensure while water secondary oxidation that field trash fully floats.The strict casting degree of superheat that controls is 30～45 DEG C,
The casting degree of superheat is too low, and fluidity molten steel is bad, is unfavorable for inclusion floating, is also unfavorable for watering steel；
The casting degree of superheat is too high, can cause the excessive scaling loss of Ti, Nb and Ce, increase nozzle blocking and bleed-out
Risk.
(5) after slab has been cast, use abrasive machine reconditioning steel slab surface, remove steel slab surface folder
(slag) foreign material etc. affect the defect of product surface quality.
(6) heating of plate blank and hot rolling: slab heating time increases with thickness, by 1～2min/mm
Principle determine, it is ensured that be organized as single phase austenite after heating, slab tapping temperature control be
1200～1240 DEG C, it is ensured that board briquette is uniform.
Finishing temperature >=900 DEG C: complete hot rolling more than 900 DEG C, it is ensured that rolling is in single phase austenite
District, ensures certain thermoplasticity simultaneously.
(7) heating-up temperature after slab hot rolling be 1080 DEG C+Δ T, Δ T be 20 DEG C by the Nb of every 0.1%
Calculate.The interpolation of Nb can improve recrystallization temperature, with the heating increasing raising heat treatment of Nb content
Temperature, it is ensured that grain structure recrystallization is abundant.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The conservative control of the present invention content of C, N, uses Nb to substitute a part of Ti, reduces Ti
Demand, be substantially reduced cost, and improve manufacturability.
The present invention feeds Rare-Earth Ce in smelting process, utilizes the strong oxygen uptake ability of Rare-Earth Ce to reduce steel
Free oxygen concentration in liquid, it is to avoid a large amount of oxidations of Ti form field trash；In molten steel, certain content is dilute
Soil Ce can also improve adhesion and the lubricity of stainless steel oxidation film, thus improves the surface matter of product
Amount and antioxygenic property.
The present invention, in manufacturing process, first feeds Rare-Earth Ce, carries out deep deoxidation, for follow-up Ti, Nb
Addition create hypoxia condition, it is ensured that the recovery rate of Ti, Nb, be also prevented from too much Ti oxide
Produce the risk bringing nozzle blocking, it is achieved molten steel can direct casting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the microstructure photo of the embodiment of the present invention 3 steel.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Table 1 is the composition of embodiment of the present invention steel, and table 2 is the manufacturing process of embodiment of the present invention steel, table
3 is the performance of embodiment of the present invention steel.
As shown in Table 3, steel of the present invention at high temperature antioxygenic property is greatly improved, specifically at 800 DEG C
Oxidation weight gain ＜ 0.05mg/cm2 under the conditions of aoxidizing 100 hours, has good surface quality simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 1, the grain structure of steel of the present invention is uniform, recrystallization abundant, and crystal boundary and intracrystalline are equal
Carbides-free separates out, it is ensured that good anti intercrystalline corrosion performance.
Claims (4)
1. there is a titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel for good oxidation resistance energy, its chemical composition percent mass
Ratio is: C:0.025～0.035%, Si:0.6～1.0%, Mn:1.2～2.0%, P≤0.035%,
S≤0.030%, Cr:17.0～19.0%, Ni:9.00～12.00%, N:0.01～0.03%, Ti≤0.2%,
Nb≤0.2%, Ce:0.01～0.03%, remaining is Fe and inevitable impurity, and above-mentioned unit
Element needs to meet following relation: Ti+Nb >=5C or Ti+Nb >=5 (C+N) simultaneously.
Titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described titaniferous is difficult to understand
Family name's body rustless steel 800 DEG C oxidation 100 hours under the conditions of oxidation weight gain ＜ 0.05mg/cm2。
3. the manufacture method of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that
Comprise the steps:
1) smelting, continuous casting
Chemical composition as described in claim 1 is through electric furnace, AOD furnace smelting, LF refining furnace essence
Refining, is cast into slab；Wherein, in AOD furnace, the terminal C content control of molten steel is
0.015～0.025%；After alloying component is adjusted in place, Rare-Earth Ce is fed in LF refining furnace,
The total feed quantity of Rare-Earth Ce is pressed Ce recovery rate 30～50% and is calculated, after being sufficiently stirred for, it is ensured that folder
Foreign material floating interval of floating dock >=15min；Add ferro-niobium and ferrotianium before tapping, control again after adding well to be mingled with
Thing floating interval of floating dock >=10min；
During casting, mold gap insertion depth is 100～110mm, and the casting degree of superheat is
30～45 DEG C；
2) steel slab surface reconditioning
Emery wheel reconditioning is used to remove steel slab surface defect；
3) heating of plate blank
Slab tapping temperature is 1200～1240 DEG C, and heat time heating time is by every millimeter of slab thickness heating
1.0～2min calculate；
4) hot rolling
Finishing temperature >=900 DEG C of hot rolling；
5) heat treatment
Heat treatment temperature is 1080 DEG C+Δ T, Δ T=(Nb/0.1%) * 20 DEG C.
The manufacture method of titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that
Described titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel 800 DEG C oxidation 100 hours under the conditions of oxidation weight gain ＜
0.05mg/cm2。
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Cited By (5)
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| CN111545717A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-08-18 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | Pouring method of rare earth steel |
| CN111996438A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-27 | 振石集团东方特钢有限公司 | Production method for improving yield strength of ultralow-N Ti-containing austenitic stainless steel medium plate product |
| CN114807752A (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-29 | 太原钢铁(集团)有限公司 | Low-cost high-titanium heat-resistant austenitic stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN114959423A (en) * | 2022-06-07 | 2022-08-30 | 甘肃酒钢集团宏兴钢铁股份有限公司 | Smelting method of high-silicon titanium-containing austenitic stainless steel |
| CN116536574A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-08-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Austenitic stainless steel with excellent low-temperature performance and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111545717A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-08-18 | 新余钢铁股份有限公司 | Pouring method of rare earth steel |
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| CN116536574A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-08-04 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Austenitic stainless steel with excellent low-temperature performance and preparation method thereof |
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Effective date of registration: 20190730 Address after: The Hong Kong Industrial Zone in Luoyuan Bay Development Zone of Luoyuan County of Fuzhou City, Fujian province 350600 Applicant after: Baosteel Desheng Stainless Steel Co., Ltd. Address before: 735 Baoshan District Changjiang Road, Shanghai, No. 200431 Applicant before: Baosteel Stainless Steel Co.,Ltd. |
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