CN111254367A - Austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Austenitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN111254367A CN111254367A CN201811458938.2A CN201811458938A CN111254367A CN 111254367 A CN111254367 A CN 111254367A CN 201811458938 A CN201811458938 A CN 201811458938A CN 111254367 A CN111254367 A CN 111254367A
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- stainless steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an austenitic stainless steel material, which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.02-0.03% of C, 10.8-12.5% of Ni, 20.0-22.5% of Cr, 0.8-1.0% of Mn, 0.4-0.7% of Si, less than or equal to 0.036% of P, less than or equal to 0.013% of S and less than or equal to 0.05% of N; the other elements are Fe and other impurity elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to stainless steel, in particular to austenitic stainless steel.
Background
Stainless steel generally refers to a generic term for steel that is chemically stable in atmospheric, water, acid, alkali, salt, etc. solutions, or in other corrosive media. Among them, austenitic stainless steel is non-magnetic and has high toughness and plasticity, but has low strength, cannot be strengthened by phase transformation, and can be strengthened only by cold working, and if elements such as S, Ca, Se, Te and the like are added, good free-cutting property is provided. Such steels are resistant to corrosion by oxidizing acid media, but also by sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, formic acid, acetic acid, urea, and the like if they contain elements such as Mo, Cu, and the like. If the carbon content in the steel is less than 0.03 percent or Ti and Ni are contained, the intergranular corrosion resistance of the steel can be obviously improved. The high-silicon austenitic stainless steel has good corrosion resistance to concentrated nitric acid. Because austenitic stainless steel has comprehensive and good comprehensive properties, the austenitic stainless steel is widely applied to various industries. One possible way to ameliorate this problem is to increase the content of austenite forming elements, such as Ni, N, C. In addition to Ni, the addition of other elements stabilizes the austenite structure, but since N, C is a strengthening element, the addition of a small amount results in significant work hardening due to cold working deformation, and thus further work deformation of the material is not facilitated. Copper is an important element for remarkably improving the cold formability of various austenitic stainless steels, and when the copper is added into the austenitic stainless steel, the strength and the cold work hardening tendency of the austenitic stainless steel can be remarkably reduced, the plasticity of the steel is improved, but the hot working performance of the austenitic stainless steel can be reduced due to the addition of the copper, and meanwhile, a copper-rich compound can be precipitated when the copper-rich austenitic stainless steel is used at a high temperature, so that the corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides an austenitic stainless steel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an austenitic stainless steel material comprising the following elements in weight percent: 0.02-0.03% of C, 10.8-12.5% of Ni, 20.0-22.5% of Cr, 0.8-1.0% of Mn, 0.4-0.7% of Si, less than or equal to 0.036% of P, less than or equal to 0.013% of S and less than or equal to 0.05% of N; the other elements are Fe and other impurity elements.
Preferably, the weight percentage of the C is 0.02-0.025%, the weight percentage of the Cr is 21.0-23.0%, and the weight percentage of the Ni is 11.0-11.8%.
Preferably, the austenitic stainless steel includes Ti element in a weight percentage of 0.14-0.15%, and the Ti element may be added to the austenitic stainless steel by adding TiFe during the production process.
Preferably, the smelting process of the austenitic stainless steel material is as follows: melting period, oxidation period, reduction period, refining period and continuous casting; the method for smelting the austenitic stainless steel is a three-step method, namely EAF + AOD + VOD, scrap steel and alloy raw materials are melted through EAF, decarburization and denitrification are carried out at an AOD refining station, deoxidation and decarburization are carried out at a VOD refining station, fine adjustment of alloy components is carried out, and finally wire feeding is carried out at LF.
Preferably, the austenitic stainless steel is produced by continuously annealing, and the hot-rolled coil is heated to a high temperature in a discontinuous heating furnace, soaked and then quenched.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the proportion of each chemical component of the austenitic steel material is optimized on the basis of the common austenitic steel material, so that the austenitic steel material has good deep processing performance, and the corrosion resistance of the austenitic steel material is enhanced by changing the weight percentage of elements such as C, Cr. The addition of a stabilizing element, such as Ti, to stabilize the alloy may result in the precipitation of TiC from excess C.
Detailed Description
In order to further understand the objects, structures, features and functions of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail.
The invention provides an austenitic stainless steel material which comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.02-0.03% of C, 10.8-12.5% of Ni, 20.0-22.5% of Cr, 0.8-1.0% of Mn, 0.4-0.7% of Si, less than or equal to 0.036% of P, less than or equal to 0.013% of S and less than or equal to 0.05% of N; the other elements are Fe and other impurity elements. The proportion of each chemical component of the austenitic steel material is optimized on the basis of the common austenitic steel material, so that the austenitic steel material has good deep processing performance, and the corrosion resistance of the austenitic steel material is enhanced by changing the weight percentage of elements such as C, Cr.
Preferably, the weight percentage of the C is 0.02-0.025%, the weight percentage of the Cr is 21.0-23.0%, and the weight percentage of the Ni is 11.0-11.8%. Carbon is an element of stable austenite, which has a stabilizing effect on austenite of about 30 times that of Ni, and carbon can significantly improve the strength of stainless steel. However, if the carbon content is too high, Cr carbide is generated23C6Precipitation, decrease intergranular corrosion resistance and pitting corrosion resistance of the austenitic stainless steel and hardening of the processing, and increase smelting cost if the carbon content is too low. Ni is an austenite forming element which plays a role in enlarging an austenite region and stabilizing an austenite structure in steel; ni can obviously improve the corrosion resistance and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the chromium steel. Cr and Ni are main elements determining the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel, so the range of the elements can be further accurately controlled, and the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel can be improvedThe austenitic stainless steel material is further optimized.
Preferably, the austenitic stainless steel includes Ti element in a weight percentage of 0.14-0.15%, and the Ti element may be added to the austenitic stainless steel by adding TiFe during the production process. Cr-Ni austenitic stainless steel is heated in a temperature range of 450-800 ℃, and corrosion damage along grain boundaries is often generated, which is called intergranular corrosion. It is generally believed that intergranular corrosion is the conversion of carbon from saturated austenite to Cr23C6The morphology is separated out, which causes the chromium to be poor due to austenite at the grain boundary. Preventing chromium depletion of grain boundaries is an effective method for preventing intergranular corrosion. Ti has high affinity to C, and is added into steel to combine with C to generate TiC, so that the phenomenon that chromium carbide is separated out to cause poor chromium at a crystal boundary can be avoided, and intergranular corrosion is effectively prevented.
Preferably, the smelting process of the austenitic stainless steel material is as follows: melting period, oxidation period, reduction period, refining period and continuous casting; the method for smelting the austenitic stainless steel is a three-step method, namely EAF + AOD + VOD, scrap steel and alloy raw materials are melted through EAF, decarburization and denitrification are carried out at an AOD refining station, deoxidation and decarburization are carried out at a VOD refining station, fine adjustment of alloy components is carried out, and finally wire feeding is carried out at LF. The stainless steel is smelted by using a three-step method, the raw materials have strong practicability, and the method is suitable for blowing the raw molten steel which is fed into a furnace and has the carbon content of not less than 1.8-4.0%, and the production cost is reduced; in addition, the AOD or converter has high oxygen supply strength, high decarbonization speed, high Cr recovery rate, low N partial pressure in VOD vacuum condition, decarbonization speed higher than that of AOD, and good bottom blowing stirring effect. By using the three-step method, the product range is wide, the quality is high, the ultra-low C, N steel can be produced, and the gas and inclusion content is low.
Preferably, the austenitic stainless steel is produced by continuously annealing, and the hot-rolled coil is heated to a high temperature in a discontinuous heating furnace, soaked and then quenched.
As described above, the invention optimizes the proportion of each chemical component on the basis of the common austenitic steel material, so that the austenitic steel material has good deep processing performance, and enhances the corrosion resistance by changing the weight percentage of elements such as C, Cr and the like. The addition of a stabilizing element, such as Ti, to stabilize the alloy may result in the precipitation of TiC from excess C.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It should be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the spirit and scope of this invention.
Claims (5)
1. An austenitic stainless steel material, characterized in that: the austenitic stainless steel comprises the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.02-0.03% of C, 10.8-12.5% of Ni, 20.0-22.5% of Cr, 0.8-1.0% of Mn, 0.4-0.7% of Si, less than or equal to 0.036% of P, less than or equal to 0.013% of S and less than or equal to 0.05% of N; the other elements are Fe and other impurity elements.
2. The austenitic stainless steel product according to claim 1, wherein: the weight percentage of the C is 0.02-0.025%, the weight percentage of the Cr is 21.0-23.0%, and the weight percentage of the Ni is 11.0-11.8%.
3. The austenitic stainless steel product according to claim 1, wherein: the austenitic stainless steel comprises 0.14-0.15% of Ti element by weight, and the Ti element can be added into the austenitic stainless steel by adding TiFe in the production process.
4. The austenitic stainless steel product according to claim 1, wherein: the smelting process of the austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps: melting period, oxidation period, reduction period, refining period and continuous casting; the method for smelting the austenitic stainless steel is a three-step method, namely EAF + AOD + VOD, scrap steel and alloy raw materials are melted through EAF, decarburization and denitrification are carried out at an AOD refining station, deoxidation and decarburization are carried out at a VOD refining station, fine adjustment of alloy components is carried out, and finally wire feeding is carried out at LF.
5. The austenitic stainless steel product according to claim 1, wherein: the austenitic stainless steel adopts a continuous annealing mode in the production process, and a hot rolled coil is heated to high temperature in a discontinuous heating furnace, soaked and then quenched.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811458938.2A CN111254367A (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Austenitic stainless steel |
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| CN201811458938.2A CN111254367A (en) | 2018-11-30 | 2018-11-30 | Austenitic stainless steel |
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| CN111254367A true CN111254367A (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113355581A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-09-07 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | High-purity smelting method for low-Si and low-Al blade steel |
Citations (7)
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| JPH1072644A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Cold rolled austenitic stainless steel sheet reduced in amount of springback, and its production |
| JP2001323341A (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Stainless steel plate having high strength and excellent in flatness and its production method |
| CN102510909A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Austenitic stainless steel |
| CN103205655A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-17 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Sn-containing austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN107099659A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The smelting system and method for a kind of mother liquor of stainless steel |
| CN107475640A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-15 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the austenitic heat-resistance steel of the anti-steam corrosion of high-lasting strength |
| CN108138281A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-06-08 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Austenite stainless steel |
-
2018
- 2018-11-30 CN CN201811458938.2A patent/CN111254367A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH1072644A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 1998-03-17 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Cold rolled austenitic stainless steel sheet reduced in amount of springback, and its production |
| JP2001323341A (en) * | 2000-05-15 | 2001-11-22 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Stainless steel plate having high strength and excellent in flatness and its production method |
| CN102510909A (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-20 | 住友金属工业株式会社 | Austenitic stainless steel |
| CN103205655A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-07-17 | 宝钢不锈钢有限公司 | Sn-containing austenitic stainless steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN108138281A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-06-08 | 新日铁住金株式会社 | Austenite stainless steel |
| CN107099659A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-08-29 | 江苏省冶金设计院有限公司 | The smelting system and method for a kind of mother liquor of stainless steel |
| CN107475640A (en) * | 2017-08-08 | 2017-12-15 | 永兴特种不锈钢股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of the austenitic heat-resistance steel of the anti-steam corrosion of high-lasting strength |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113355581A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-09-07 | 中航上大高温合金材料股份有限公司 | High-purity smelting method for low-Si and low-Al blade steel |
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