CN106255563A - Mixed powder for powder metallurgy - Google Patents
Mixed powder for powder metallurgy Download PDFInfo
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- CN106255563A CN106255563A CN201580022712.6A CN201580022712A CN106255563A CN 106255563 A CN106255563 A CN 106255563A CN 201580022712 A CN201580022712 A CN 201580022712A CN 106255563 A CN106255563 A CN 106255563A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
- B22F1/052—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles characterised by a mixture of particles of different sizes or by the particle size distribution
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/12—Metallic powder containing non-metallic particles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/14—Treatment of metallic powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/16—Metallic particles coated with a non-metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
- B22F2003/023—Lubricant mixed with the metal powder
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/10—Copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/40—Carbon, graphite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2303/00—Functional details of metal or compound in the powder or product
- B22F2303/01—Main component
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
- B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of mixed powder for powder metallurgy of weight fluctuation being able to ensure that good mould fillibility and formed body can being reduced.Mixed powder for powder metallurgy involved in the present invention, without binding agent, applying shearing force while being mixed with iron-based powder by powdered graphite and obtaining, mean diameter D50 of described powdered graphite is below more than 1.0 μm and 3.0 μm and D90 is below 10 μm.The mixed powder for powder metallurgy of the thus obtained present invention namely contains iron-based powder and concentrates the mixed powder for powder metallurgy of powdered graphite of the recess being present in described iron-based powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to be formed by the mixed-powder that main material is iron-based powder, sinter the powder manufacturing sintered body
Metallurgical technology, improves in particular to making mixed-powder fillibility in a mold and can reduce the weight of gained formed body
The mixed powder for powder metallurgy of fluctuation.
Background technology
Using iron powder, copper powder to manufacture as main material in the powder metallurgy of sintered body, generally using containing aforementioned master
Material powder, for making auxiliary material powder and the lubricants etc. such as powdered graphite or alloying component that the physical property of sintered body improves
Mixed-powder.Especially for improving the mechanical properties such as the intensity of sintered body or hardness, generally add the carbon supply compositions such as graphite
(that is: carbon source) forms, and then makes carbon source diffusion during heat-agglomerating operation and infiltrates to iron powder.
But, graphite is compared with iron powder, and proportion is little and particle diameter is little, if the most only mixed, then and graphite and ferrum
Powder is clearly separated and produces graphite segregation, and existing cannot mixed uniformly problem.In powder metallurgic method, in order to produce sintering in batches
Body, is generally housed in storage bin hopper in advance by mixed-powder.In storage bin hopper, the graphite that proportion is little is easily segregated in the upper of hopper
Layer portion, by mixed-powder when hopper is discharged, the concentration at the final stage graphite of hopper discharge uprises, the stone in sintered body
The part that ink concentration is high separates out cementite tissue and makes mechanical property reduce.If produce carbon in sintered body because of graphite segregation
The fluctuation of content, then be difficult to the parts that workmanship is stable.Additionally, in mixed processes, forming process, send out because of graphite segregation
The dust emission of calculogenesis powdered ink, so the problem that the processability producing workshop condition variation and mixed-powder reduces.Above-mentioned
Segregation not only graphite can produce, and other the various powder mixed with iron powder can produce too, thus needs to prevent segregation.
In order to prevent above-mentioned segregation and dust emission, propose there are three methods the most respectively.First method is
The method adding the liquid additives such as tall oil as such as in patent documentation 1,2 etc. cited by mixed-powder.The party
Method has can be by the advantage of easy device fabrication mixed-powder, if but adding and can confirm that required for segregation preventing effectiveness
The liquid additive of amount, then liquid bridge power works between iron particles, there is the problem that mobility extremely deteriorates.Second side
Method is to be dissolved in solvent by the solid binders such as high molecular polymer as patent documentation 3,4 etc. and uniformly after mixing, make
The method that solvent evaporates and makes graphite be attached to iron powder surface.The method has can make graphite reliably adhere to, and is made
The widest advantage of the range of choice of lubricant, but there is the mobility of mixed-powder according to its usage amount and kind
The problem that not enough or compressibility reduces.3rd method is to make the relatively low molecule such as fatty acid as shown in patent documentation 5 grade
The lubricant of amount is carrying out heating and make its melted so-called hot melt in the mixing of iron powder.In the method, in order to make to melt
Lubricant be bonded to iron powder surface equably, the temperature treatment in mixing is extremely important, is additionally present of spendable lubricant
The shortcoming that is restricted of the range of choice.Additionally, in third method, needed to wait before lubricant turns cold, production efficiency
Aspect there is also problem.
In the patent documentation 6 of the applicant's application, different from three above-mentioned methods, disclose following technology: without
Binding agent, mixes the graphite controlling mean diameter with iron-based powder by applying shearing force, thus suppresses stone
The segregation at powdered ink end.This technology having also stated that, the mobility of mixed-powder is the most excellent.In powder metallurgic method, by mixed-powder
When being filled into mould from storage bin hopper discharge, the mobility of mixed-powder is also one of key property.In patent documentation 6,
As the index of mobility, have employed the fluidity of the mixed-powder of regulation in such as JIS Z2502, except this fluidity it
Outward, mixed-powder is discharged by flexible pipe from hopper and filled performance (that is: mould fillibility) in a mold well is also weight
Want characteristic.If the fillibility of mould reduces, then cause the weight fluctuation of formed body.
Prior art literature
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: clear No. 60-502158 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent documentation 2: flat No. 6-49503 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent documentation 3: flat No. 5-86403 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent documentation 4: flat No. 7-173503 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent documentation 5: flat No. 1-219101 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent documentation 6: Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication 2012-102355
Summary of the invention
The problem that invention is to be solved
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of weight being able to ensure that good mould fillibility and formed body can being reduced
The mixed powder for powder metallurgy of amount fluctuation.
For solving the scheme of problem
Can solve the problem that the mixed powder for powder metallurgy involved in the present invention of the problems referred to above, be without binding agent, and
And apply shearing force while the mixed powder for powder metallurgy that mixed with iron-based powder by powdered graphite and obtain, wherein,
Mean diameter D50 of described powdered graphite is below more than 1.0 μm and 3.0 μm and D90 is below 10 μm.Thus obtained
The mixed powder for powder metallurgy of invention, namely contain iron-based powder and concentration is present in the recess of described iron-based powder
The mixed powder for powder metallurgy of powdered graphite.
In the present invention, mean diameter D50 of the most described powdered graphite is below more than 1.6 μm and 2.7 μm, it is additionally preferred
Described iron-based powder is atomized iron powder or reduced iron powder.
Invention effect
According to the present invention, because without binding agent, and apply shearing force by D50 and D90 at regulation model
The powdered graphite enclosed mixes with iron-based powder, so powdered graphite concentrates the recess being present in described iron-based powder, such that it is able to
Guarantee good mould fillibility, and the weight fluctuation of formed body can be reduced.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the mould fillibility evaluating apparatus used in aftermentioned embodiment, and Fig. 1 (a) is front view, Fig. 1
B ()～(d) is the profile representing the state in work.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope photo of the mixed-powder observing the present invention in aftermentioned embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope photo of the mixed-powder observing the present invention in aftermentioned embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
The present inventor is based on the technology of above-mentioned patent documentation 6, in order to reduce the formed body do not paid close attention in patent documentation 6
Weight fluctuation and the particle diameter of graphite and the relation of the weight fluctuation of formed body are studied, and carried out following reality
Test.Under utilizing the commercially available native graphite of dry type jet mill comminution (Japan's graphite system, CPB, mean diameter 22.6 μm) to reach
State mean diameter D50 shown in table 1.To powdered graphite obtained by pulverizing, (Kobe Steel is made, Aunar wheat Shandong for iron powder
(Atomel) 300M, particle diameter: below 180 μm, mean diameter: 70 μm), copper powder (FUKUDA METAL's system, CuAtw-250), Yi Jizuo
Zinc stearate (ADEKA system, ZNS-730) for lubricant is mixed, it is thus achieved that mixed-powder.Blending ratio is as follows: relatively
In iron powder 97.2 mass parts, powdered graphite be 0.8 mass parts, copper powder be 2 mass parts, lubricant be 0.75 mass parts.And with
Following condition is mixed: use the high-speed mixer with agitator to run 4 minutes with 300rpm.
Using mechanical powder moulding machine, 300 target weights are the examination of 51g from the mixed-powder progressive forming of gained
Test sheet, have rated the weight fluctuation of the formed body of gained.As weight fluctuation, use in 300 formed bodies maximum weight with
Difference R (g) of little weight and evaluated.Result is shown in table 1.
Table 1
Understand: in above-mentioned mixing, the weight fluctuation of the reference example 1 being not added with powdered graphite is 1.35g, with reference example 1 phase
Ratio, the weight fluctuation of the reference example 2～11 that with the addition of powdered graphite becomes much larger.Additionally, have the mean diameter of powdered graphite
The least such approximate trend of the finest then weight fluctuation of D50, but when watching reference example 6～11 further attentively, then can not obtain
Mean diameter D50 going out only to be merely powdered graphite affects the conclusion of weight fluctuation.Additionally, only control the average particle of powdered graphite
Footpath, it is impossible to realize being about less than 4% (i.e.: about below 2g) such target relative to the fluctuation of target weight.
Then, the present inventor consider to: not only adjust mean diameter D50 of the powdered graphite proposed in patent documentation 6, and
And also adjust the scheme of D90.As be described hereinafter shown in embodiment, will have adjusted D50's and D90 by applying shearing force
Powdered graphite mixes with iron-based powder, and powdered graphite friction can be embedded in the recess being present in iron-based powder surface, from
And mould fillibility can be made to improve, and the weight fluctuation of formed body can be reduced.
In order to play the effect that above-mentioned friction embeds fully, the D50 of powdered graphite is set to below 3.0 μm.D50 is preferred
It is below 2.7 μm, below more preferably 2.5 μm.From friction embed effect from the viewpoint of, the D50 of powdered graphite the least more
Good, if but D50 becomes too small, although then can reduce weight fluctuation, but formed body density time compressing significantly reduces,
The intensity of parts obtained by being sintered by formed body cannot be guaranteed.Therefore, the D50 of powdered graphite is set to more than 1.0 μm.Graphite powder
The D50 at end is preferably more than 1.1 μm, more than more preferably 1.6 μm.From the weight fluctuation and further reducing further formed body
From the viewpoint of improving mould fillibility and improving formed body density further, the D50 of powdered graphite is preferably more than 1.6 μm
And 2.7 below μm.Should illustrate, present inventors believe that in the case of the D50 of powdered graphite is less than 1.0 μm, formed body density
The reason reduced is, the layer structure producing graphite because of over grind is destroyed, so the lubricity that infringement graphite is had.
D50 is adjusted to the powdered graphite of the present invention of above-mentioned scope can be by by commercially available native graphite or artificial stone
Ink is pulverized and is obtained, and pulverizing can use common pulverizer to carry out.The atmosphere pulverized is not particularly limited, Ke Yishi
Dry type is pulverized, it is also possible to be case of wet attrition.Common pulverizer can be used as pulverizer, include, for example roll crusher, cut
Broken machine, rotary crusher, hammer crusher, aeropulverizer, vibrating mill, pin rod pulverizer, wing mill, ball mill, planetary mill
Machine etc..
For the powdered graphite pulverized, owing to specific surface area becomes big, it is taken as that except such as the physical force of electrostatic etc.
Outside acting on, chemical force is also carried out effect.That is: think on the crushed face by finely pulverized graphite, containing more such as
The functional group of hydrogen-based etc.；Think between iron powder and powdered graphite, produce molecular separating force via functional group so that powdered graphite
Increase with the adhesive force of iron-based powder.The presence or absence of functional group and content thereof, can be by heating powdered graphite also in blanket of nitrogen
Measure and hold to a certain extent from the weight rate of room temperature to 950 DEG C.Aforesaid liter when room temperature to 950 DEG C
Temperature speed can be about 10 DEG C/min.Generally, in each heating-up temperature region from the gaseous species of powdered graphite generation not
With, the kind of the functional group being removed in this temperature province can be estimated according to the gaseous species occurred.Commonly known:
At 150～500 DEG C, carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-OH) are removed；At 500～900 DEG C, epoxide (oxo group ,=O)
It is removed；Time more than 900 DEG C, hydrogen-based (-H) is removed.The weight decrement of 150～950 DEG C, can eliminate by inquiry
The impact that the weight of the moisture that can remove at a temperature of less than 150 DEG C reduces, it is possible to the functional group contained by clear and definite powdered graphite
Kind and content.
In the present invention, it is important that not only the D50 of powdered graphite is adjusted in prescribed limit, and D90 is set to 10 μm
Below.By D90 being set to below 10 μm, it is possible to reduce there is no the powdered graphite that friction is embedded in the recess of iron-based powder
Amount.The D90 of powdered graphite is preferably below 9.5 μm, below more preferably 9.0 μm, below particularly preferably 8.5 μm.Graphite powder
The D90 at end is the smaller the better, but its lower limit is usually about 3.5 μm.In order to make the D90 of powdered graphite in aforementioned range, using
After above-mentioned pulverizer is pulverized, then carry out air current classifying and just may be used.
Should illustrate, D50 and D90 of powdered graphite all can utilize laser diffraction formula particle size distribution device to survey
Fixed, D50 refers to the particle diameter corresponding to accumulation 50% of volume reference, and D90 refers to the grain corresponding to accumulation 90% of volume reference
Footpath.
Total amount 100 mass parts of agent is improved relative to iron-based powder, powdered graphite and intensity described later, powdered graphite
Content is usually 0.1～2.5 mass parts.In the case of being applied to frame for movement parts, mostly use 0.2～1.2 mass
The fit rate of part, can use within the range suitably.
In order to realize good mould fillibility, it is important that in the case of applying shearing force without binding agent,
Carry out the mixing of powdered graphite and iron-based powder.By applying shearing force, powdered graphite friction can be embedded in iron-based powder
Recess, and owing to being not added with binding agent, the powdered graphite such as protuberance beyond the recess of iron-based powder can be suppressed
Attachment so that powdered graphite concentrates the recess being present in iron-based powder.If powdered graphite is more present in iron-based powder
Part beyond recess, then the mobility of mixed-powder is deteriorated and the deterioration of mould fillibility.When use add binding agent method,
Or when using the method different from the mixed method of applying shearing force described later, then powdered graphite is more present in ferrous alloy powder
Part beyond the recess at end, thus good mould fillibility cannot be realized.
Additionally, without the situation of binding agent compared with the situation that with the addition of binding agent, carry out with identical forming pressure
The density of formed body during shaping and the density of sintered body sintered by this formed body uprise, and also have sintered body
The effect that intensity improves.And then, be not added with the mixed-powder of the present invention of binding agent, it is convenient to omit or simplify forming process with
The binder removal operation carried out between sintering circuit, it helps the production efficiency of sintered component improves and environmental cure.
Apply the mixed method of shearing force, be the convection current side of mixing represented with using V-Mixer or double-cone mixer
Method and the method different from the mixed method using the vibrating mill such as vibratory milling or electromagnetism grinding machine or ball mill.Execute
Add the mixing of shearing force, such as, possess the mixer of agitator by use and realize.Aforementioned agitator is preferably to cut off powder
The agitator that moves of mode, its shape can enumerate paddle, turbine-like, banding, helical form, multistage wing, anchor type, horseshoe type,
Gate etc..As long as possessing aforementioned agitator, the container of mixer can be fixed pattern, it is also possible to be rotary-type.Before possessing
State the mixer of agitator, specifically can enumerate homogenizer, the plough type blender of Heng Xieer company etc., spirally mix
Blender etc..Incorporation time is different according to the kind of mixer used, the amount etc. of mixed-powder, but general 1～20 point
Clock.
Powdered graphite and the mixing of iron-based powder, can be carried out by dry type, it is also possible to carried out by wet type.Additionally, stone
Powdered ink end is not particularly limited with the blend step of iron-based powder, can be put in mixer by these powder simultaneously mix
Close, it is also possible to the powder of a side is first put in mixer, then by follow-up for the powder of the opposing party input.Powdered graphite and ferrous alloy powder
The mixing at end, is carried out, such as after lubricant etc. is heated to unlike so-called hot melt more than the temperature of melting degree
Can carry out at normal temperatures.Additionally, the atmosphere of mixing is not particularly limited, the most in an atmosphere.
The powder used in metallurgy powder of the present invention, in addition to containing powdered graphite and iron-based powder, it is also possible to containing lubrication
Agent and such as intensity improve at least one in the physical property improving agent of agent, wearability improving agent or machinability improving agent etc..
These can add when powdered graphite mixes with iron-based powder, and its order of addition is not particularly limited, such as can be with graphite
Powder and iron-based powder are added simultaneously in mixer mix, it is also possible to first admixed graphite powder and iron-based powder, then,
On one side agitator work etc. is such as allowed to mix while one kind or two or more adding to each to above-mentioned lubricant and physical property improving agent
In mixer.
As lubricant, can enumerate metallic soap, alkylenebisfatty amide, fatty acid etc., these can be used alone, also
Two or more kinds may be used.As aforementioned metal soap, it is possible to use soap, such as, fat that carbon number be more than 12 is preferably used
Fat hydrochlorate, particularly preferably uses zinc stearate.As aforementioned alkylenebisfatty amide, C specifically can be enumerated2-6Alkylidene is double
C12-24Carboxylic acid amides, is preferably used ethylenebisstearamide.As aforementioned fatty acids, such as, can use R1For alkyl by
R1The compound of COOH example, is preferably used the carboxylic acid that carbon number is 16～about 22, particularly preferably uses stearic acid, oleic acid.Phase
Iron-based powder, powdered graphite and intensity are improved to total amount 100 mass parts of agent, the content of lubricant for example, 0.3 mass parts
Above and below 1.5 mass parts, more than more preferably 0.5 mass parts and below 1.0 mass parts.
Improve agent as intensity, include, for example containing the powder of at least one in copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, silicon, specifically
Say copper powder, nikel powder, containing chromium powder, molybdenum powder, containing manganese powder, silicon powder-containing etc..Intensity improves agent and can be used alone, it is also possible to and with 2
More than Zhong.Improve total amount 100 mass parts of agent relative to iron-based powder, powdered graphite and intensity, intensity improves the addition of agent
More than for example, 0.2 mass parts and below 5 mass parts, more than more preferably 0.3 mass parts and below 3 mass parts.
As wearability improving agent, can enumerate the hard particles of carbide, silicide, nitride etc., these can be independent
Use, it is also possible to and use two or more.
As machinability improving agent, can enumerate Manganese monosulfide., Talcum, calcium fluoride etc., these can be used alone, it is also possible to
And use two or more.
Iron-based powder of the present invention can be any one of straight iron powder and iron alloy powder.Iron alloy powder can be
On the surface of iron-based powder, diffusion is attached with the alloy part powder of the such as alloyed powder of copper, nickel, chromium, molybdenum etc., it is also possible to be by containing
There is the prealloy powder that the molten iron of the alloying component as above-mentioned alloyed powder or molten steel obtain.Iron-based powder can be to melted
Ferrum or steel carry out atomized iron powder obtained by atomization process (atomized iron powder), it is also possible to be by iron ore, oxygen
Change reduced iron powder (reduced iron powder) obtained by iron sheet reduction.As iron-based powder, it is possible to use for Machinery Ministry
Part and usual adopted iron powder, specifically mean diameter D50 are 70～100 μm and maximum particle diameter is that below 250 μm are (excellent
Elect below 180 μm as) iron-based powder.The mean diameter of iron-based powder refers to can specification JPMA according to Powder Metallurgy In Japan
The particle diameter of 50% is measured under accumulation sieve when P02-1992 (the sieve analysis test method of metal powder) measures particle size distribution.
According to the present invention it is possible to improve mould fillibility, and the weight fluctuation of formed body can be reduced.Use the present invention
Mixed-powder shape multiple formed body time, the weight fluctuation evaluated with the maxima and minima of formed body weight, relatively
Can be less than 4% in target weight.
The application claims priority based on Japan's patent application filed in 29 days Mays in 2014 the 2014-111418th
Rights and interests.The full content of the description of Japan's patent application filed in 29 days Mays in 2014 the 2014-111418th introduces
The application is used for reference.
Embodiment
It is exemplified below embodiment and further illustrates the present invention.The present invention is not limited by the following examples, it is of course possible to
Suitably carrying out changing in the range of purport aforementioned, described later implementing meeting, these are included in the technology model of the present invention
In enclosing.
Use the commercially available native graphite of dry type jet mill comminution (graphite society of Japan system, CPB, mean diameter 22.6 μm) with
Reach mean diameter D50 shown in table 4 below～6, and directly pulverize or utilize air current classifying have adjusted D90.Will
Pulverize the powdered graphite of gained, iron powder (Kobe Steel is made, Aunar wheat Shandong 300M, 300NH or 250M), copper powder (FUKUDA METAL
System, CuAtw-250) and zinc stearate (ADEKA system, ZNS-730) as lubricant mixed, obtained mixed-powder.
Blending ratio is as follows: relative to iron powder 97.2 mass parts, powdered graphite be 0.8 mass parts, copper powder be that 2 mass parts, lubricant are
0.75 mass parts.And mixed with following condition: use the high-speed mixer with agitator, run with 300rpm
4 minutes.Use the mixed-powder of gained, carry out following (1)～the evaluation of (3).
(1) mensuration of the weight fluctuation of formed body
Use mechanical powder moulding machine, from the mixed-powder progressive forming of gained 300 target weights be 51g,
The ring test sheet that footpath is 30mm, internal diameter is 10mm, have rated the weight fluctuation of the formed body of gained.As weight fluctuation, adopt
Evaluated with difference R (g) of minimum weight by maximum weight in 300 formed bodies.
(2) mensuration of mould fillibility
The evaluating apparatus shown in Fig. 1 is used to have rated mould fillibility.Fig. 1 is the mould fillibility evaluation dress of powder
Putting, this device possesses: house the base station 1 of cavity container 3, being in separately relative to cavity container 3 of being fixedly installed on base station
The air cylinder 5 of side and be arranged on the powder service tank 2 of far-end of pull bar 4 of air cylinder 5.Powder service tank 2 is bottomless
Case, utilizes the work of above-mentioned air cylinder 5, in the way of coming and going on above-mentioned cavity container 3, moves down at substantially airtight conditions
The upper surface of dynamic base station 1.Additionally, cavity container 3 has on the direction that direction is vertical carefully with reciprocating of powder service tank 2
The width formed is the slit-shaped cavity of several mm longly.Fig. 1 (a) is the front view of this evaluating apparatus, and (b)～(d) is to represent powder
End service tank move in the profile of state.
Determination step is as follows.First, as shown in Fig. 1 (b), when stretching pull bar 4 of air cylinder 5 by ormal weight
Powder is put in powder service tank 2.Then, make the pull bar 4 of air cylinder 5 shorten, make powder service tank 2 pass through with fixing speed
The top of the slit-shaped cavity of cavity container 3.Owing to this passes through, as shown in Fig. 1 (c), the powder in powder service tank 2 falls into sky
In chamber container 3.Then, as shown in Fig. 1 (d), after powder service tank 2 passes through, powder is filled in cavity container 3.Powder
The size of service tank 2 is 80 × 80 × 70mm, and the size of cavity container 3 is 80 × 60 × 55mm, and slit sizes is 2 × 60mm,
Sliding speed (shoe rate, it may be assumed that the Negotiation speed of powder service tank 2) is 100mm/s.3 times have been carried out for each experiment No.
Test, has obtained the amount of powder (mg) of institute's filling divided by area (that is: the 120mm of slit-shaped cavity for each test2) gained
Value, using the meansigma methods of these values as the mould fillibility (mg/mm of each No.2)。
(3) mensuration of formed body density
The mixed-powder of gained is put in the mould of regulation, become with the pressing pressure of 490MPa and 686MPa
Shape, has made the lamellar test film of φ 11.28mm, and has determined the formed body density of gained.
The characteristic of the iron-based powder (that is: Aunar wheat Shandong 300M, 300NH and 250M) used is as Table 2,3.Table 2,
Apparent density described in 3 is the knot measured according to the method for regulation in JIS Z2504 (metal powder-apparent density test method)
Really, additionally, fluidity is the result measured according to the method for regulation in JIS Z2502 (the slump test method of metal powder).With
On the basis of Aunar wheat Shandong 300M, 300NH presentation bigger apparent density, the less apparent density of 250M presentation.That is, by Ah
Te Mailu 300M is as benchmark, it may be stated that the concavo-convex less iron powder surface of 300NH presentation and then irregularly shaped degree are relatively low,
The more concavo-convex and then irregularly shaped degree of 250M presentation is higher.Should illustrate, the apparent density of 250M and reduced iron powder
Apparent density is roughly the same.
The result of above-mentioned (1)～(3) is shown in table 4～6.Should illustrate, as iron-based powder, table 4 employ Aunar wheat
Shandong 300M (mean diameter: about 70 μm), (apparent density is 3.10g/cm to employ Aunar wheat Shandong 300NH in table 53, average particle
Footpath: about 90 μm), (apparent density is 2.42g/cm to employ Aunar wheat Shandong 250M in table 63, mean diameter: about 85 μm).
Table 4
※ iron-based powder employs Aunar wheat Shandong 300M.
Table 5
※ iron-based powder employs Aunar wheat Shandong 300NH.
Table 6
※ iron-based powder employs Aunar wheat Shandong 250M.
From table 4～6: the D50 of powdered graphite is set to below 3.0 μm and D90 is set to the present invention of below 10 μm
Experiment No.1-9,1-11,1-12,1-14～1-16,2-3,2-4,3-3,3-4, presentation can make the weight fluctuation R be in
Below 2.0g (that is: less than the 4% of target weight), goes back the formed body density that presentation is good.Fig. 2 is to observe experiment No.2-3
Scanning electron microscope photo.As shown in Figure 2: powdered graphite concentrates the recess being present in iron powder.Additionally, Fig. 3 is to observe
The scanning electron microscope photo of experiment No.3-3, Fig. 3 can also be observed that powdered graphite concentrates the feelings being present in recess
Condition.
Additionally, as example (that is: No.1-9,1-11,1-12,1-14～the 1-of the table 4 that will employ Aunar wheat Shandong 300M
16) when the example (that is: 2-3,2-4) with the table 5 employing Aunar wheat Shandong 300NH contrasts, then the example presentation of table 5
Weight fluctuation R more reduces.As it has been described above, when by Aunar wheat Shandong 300NH compared with Aunar wheat Shandong 300M, although iron powder surface
Concavo-convex less and irregularly shaped degree relatively low, but, the ratio of the powder that particle diameter is big is higher and the width of recess is relatively big, because of
This thinks that powdered graphite can embed fully.
On the other hand, the D50 of powdered graphite more than 3.0 μm or D90 more than experiment No.1-1～1-8 of 10 μm, 1-10,
1-13, experiment No.2-1,2-2, experiment No.3-1,3-2, the big weight fluctuation R of presentation.Additionally, for experiment No.1-17,
For 2-5,3-5, owing to D50 is less than 1.0 μm, therefore weight fluctuation R can reach below 2.0g, but formed body density and this
Each experimental example of invention is compared and is diminished.Should illustrate, owing to formed body density is also affected by iron-based powder shape, therefore close
Suitable is to evaluate formed body density for every kind of iron-based powder.Then, can evaluate as follows: No.1-17 Yu No.1-9,1-11,1-
12,1-14～1-16 compares, and formed body density is less；Compared with No.2-5 with No.2-3,2-4, formed body density is less；No.3-5
Compared with No.3-3,3-4, formed body density is less.
Industrial applicability
According to the present invention, change in size can be controlled in Min. etc. by the miniaturization of powdered graphite, thus
Steady quality can be made, it is also possible to by reduction or the shortening etc. of sintering time of sintering temperature in the manufacture of sintered component
And save energy and cost-effective.The mixed-powder of the present invention is applicable to frame for movement sintered component etc., is particularly well-suited to multiple
Miscellaneous, the parts of thin wall profile.Further, owing to lightweight can be realized, high-strength material therefore it is also adapted to.
Symbol description
1: base station
2: powder service tank
3: cavity container
4: pull bar
5: air cylinder
Claims (4)
1. a mixed powder for powder metallurgy, it is characterised in that without binding agent, applies shearing force by graphite
Powder mixes with iron-based powder and obtains,
Mean diameter D50 of described powdered graphite is below more than 1.0 μm and 3.0 μm and D90 is below 10 μm.
2. a mixed powder for powder metallurgy, it is characterised in that be present in described iron-based powder containing iron-based powder and concentration
The powdered graphite of recess.
Mixed powder for powder metallurgy the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mean diameter of described powdered graphite
D50 is below more than 1.6 μm and 2.7 μm.
4. according to the mixed powder for powder metallurgy according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterised in that described ferrous alloy powder
End is atomized iron powder or reduced iron powder.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014111418A JP6262078B2 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2014-05-29 | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy |
| JP2014-111418 | 2014-05-29 | ||
| PCT/JP2015/063889 WO2015182398A1 (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-14 | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy |
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| CN106255563A true CN106255563A (en) | 2016-12-21 |
| CN106255563B CN106255563B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
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| CN201580022712.6A Active CN106255563B (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2015-05-14 | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170266723A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6262078B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20170010829A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106255563B (en) |
| SE (1) | SE541766C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015182398A1 (en) |
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| JP6648779B2 (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2020-02-14 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Powder mixture for powder metallurgy and method for producing the same |
| KR102660345B1 (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2024-04-23 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Iron-based powder for powder metallurgy and method for producing same |
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| CN1481956A (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2004-03-17 | ������������ʽ���� | Powder additive for powder metallurgy, iron-based powder mixture for powder metallurgy, and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2004190051A (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-08 | Jfe Steel Kk | Iron based powdery mixture for power metallurgy, and production method therefor |
| US20040144203A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-29 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd And | Sintered body and production method thereof |
| CN102463348A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-23 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Iron-based mixed powder used for powder metallurgy |
| CN103209789A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2013-07-17 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy, and method for manufacturing same |
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| JPS5256060A (en) * | 1975-11-04 | 1977-05-09 | Nippon Kokuen Kogyo Kk | Method to manufacture ferroussgraphite composite powder for powder metallurgy |
| SE438275B (en) | 1983-09-09 | 1985-04-15 | Hoeganaes Ab | MIX-FREE IRON-BASED POWDER MIX |
| JPH01219101A (en) | 1988-02-25 | 1989-09-01 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Iron powder for powder metallurgy and production thereof |
| JP2898461B2 (en) | 1991-04-22 | 1999-06-02 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Mixed powder and binder for powder metallurgy |
| JP2778410B2 (en) | 1992-06-04 | 1998-07-23 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Anti-segregation mixed powder for powder metallurgy |
| JPH07173503A (en) | 1993-11-04 | 1995-07-11 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Binder for powder metallurgy and powdery mixture for powder metallurgy |
| KR20110114679A (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2011-10-19 | 제이에프이 스틸 가부시키가이샤 | Iron―base mixed powders and processes for production of iron―base powder compacts and sintered iron-base powder compacts |
| US8589732B2 (en) * | 2010-10-25 | 2013-11-19 | Microsoft Corporation | Consistent messaging with replication |
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2014
- 2014-05-29 JP JP2014111418A patent/JP6262078B2/en active Active
-
2015
- 2015-05-14 SE SE1651450A patent/SE541766C2/en unknown
- 2015-05-14 KR KR1020167036059A patent/KR20170010829A/en active Search and Examination
- 2015-05-14 CN CN201580022712.6A patent/CN106255563B/en active Active
- 2015-05-14 US US15/309,947 patent/US20170266723A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-05-14 WO PCT/JP2015/063889 patent/WO2015182398A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1481956A (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2004-03-17 | ������������ʽ���� | Powder additive for powder metallurgy, iron-based powder mixture for powder metallurgy, and method for manufacturing the same |
| JP2004190051A (en) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-08 | Jfe Steel Kk | Iron based powdery mixture for power metallurgy, and production method therefor |
| US20040144203A1 (en) * | 2003-01-17 | 2004-07-29 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd And | Sintered body and production method thereof |
| CN102463348A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2012-05-23 | 杰富意钢铁株式会社 | Iron-based mixed powder used for powder metallurgy |
| CN103209789A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2013-07-17 | 株式会社神户制钢所 | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy, and method for manufacturing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP6262078B2 (en) | 2018-01-17 |
| JP2015224379A (en) | 2015-12-14 |
| SE541766C2 (en) | 2019-12-10 |
| CN106255563B (en) | 2018-12-21 |
| SE1651450A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| US20170266723A1 (en) | 2017-09-21 |
| KR20170010829A (en) | 2017-02-01 |
| WO2015182398A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
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