CN106252757A - Battery pack balancing device - Google Patents
Battery pack balancing device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106252757A CN106252757A CN201610800994.4A CN201610800994A CN106252757A CN 106252757 A CN106252757 A CN 106252757A CN 201610800994 A CN201610800994 A CN 201610800994A CN 106252757 A CN106252757 A CN 106252757A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- side winding
- chip microcomputer
- battery unit
- field effect
- power supply
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to cell balancing field, particularly to a kind of battery pack balancing device, this device includes control unit and the power supply unit powered for control unit, and each battery unit is correspondingly arranged a control unit；Described control unit includes single-chip microcomputer, transformator, the primary side winding of transformator is connected with power supply, transformator have two vice-side winding, first vice-side winding is connected with battery unit, second vice-side winding is used for gathering information of voltage and exporting to single-chip microcomputer, and single-chip microcomputer also gathers the current information of primary side winding；Being provided with switch between described primary side winding and power supply, between the first vice-side winding and battery unit, single-chip microcomputer controls to switch on-off according to the voltage collected, current information.This circuit reduces the size of whole circuit, improves system effectiveness, reduces system cost, meanwhile, control unit modularized design, can configure according to the quantity of battery unit, and is easily changed after damage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell balancing field, particularly to a kind of battery pack balancing device.
Background technology
In electric motor car and hybrid vehicle, in order to provide a system to enough voltage and electric power, all use multiple electricity
The set of cells that pool unit is in series is used as energy source.For set of cells, the voltage between each battery unit is kept to put down
Weigh most important, when the charging voltage of certain or multiple battery unit is far above preset value in set of cells, be danger close.
There is several factors that can cause between each battery unit unbalanced, mentioned here unbalanced include battery unit system
Make unbalanced, battery unit charge/discharge unbalanced of process.These are because have: the impedance of each battery unit is different, chemical
Reaction rate difference, self-discharge rate difference, temperature change etc..And these are unbalanced, along with cell charging/discharging number of times
Increase can be more and more obvious, this is the biggest to the aging effects of battery.Charge balancing can improve the harmony of set of cells, therefore,
The each battery unit charge condition how making series connection reaches balance and is necessary.
In prior art, modal way is to use DC-DC converter, by controlling DC-DC converter,
Energy can flow to low-voltage battery from high-voltage battery, thus realizes the equilibrium of each battery unit.But these circuit all exist
Following features: energy can only shift between adjacent battery.For this balancing circuitry, when constituting the battery unit of set of cells relatively
Time many, energy transfer number between battery unit is a lot, during each energy shifts, energy loss and biography all can occur
The consumption of defeated time, therefore balance efficiency is the lowest；Further, since be required for configuring a direct current/straight for each battery
Stream transformer, therefore the hardware of balancing circuitry is complex with control, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide and a kind of little, that efficiency high battery pack balancing device is lost, can effectively realize each electricity
The equilibrium of pool unit.
For realizing object above, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of battery pack balancing device, set of cells is by battery
Unit is in series, and including control unit and the power supply unit powered for control unit, each battery unit is correspondingly arranged one
Control unit；Described control unit includes single-chip microcomputer, transformator, and the primary side winding of transformator is connected with power supply, transformator
Having two vice-side winding, the first vice-side winding is connected with battery unit, and the second vice-side winding is used for gathering information of voltage and exporting
To single-chip microcomputer, single-chip microcomputer also gathers the current information of primary side winding；Between described primary side winding and power supply, the first vice-side winding
And being provided with switch between battery unit, single-chip microcomputer controls to switch on-off according to the voltage collected, current information.
Compared with prior art, there is techniques below effect in the present invention: this circuit is by the charge function of set of cells, equilibrium merit
Can merge and constitute a circuit, reduce the size of whole circuit, improve system effectiveness, reduce system cost, meanwhile, control unit
Modularized design, can configure according to the quantity of battery unit, and is easily changed after damage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the circuit theory diagrams of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the circuit diagram of control unit in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is in charging process, the equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is in charging process, energy Flow schematic diagram during battery unit imbalance of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is in discharge process, the equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is in discharge process, energy Flow schematic diagram during battery unit imbalance of the present invention；
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1 to Fig. 7, the present invention is described in further detail.
Refering to Fig. 1, a kind of battery pack balancing device, set of cells is in series by battery unit 10, including control unit 20
With the power supply unit 30 powered for control unit 20, each battery unit 10 is correspondingly arranged a control unit 20；Described control
Unit 20 processed includes single-chip microcomputer 21, transformator 22, and the primary side winding 221 of transformator 22 is connected with power supply 40, and transformator 22 has two
Individual vice-side winding, the first vice-side winding 222 is connected with battery unit 10, and the second vice-side winding 223 is used for gathering information of voltage also
Output is to single-chip microcomputer 21, and single-chip microcomputer 21 also gathers the current information of primary side winding 221；Described primary side winding 221 and power supply 40
Between, be provided with switch between the first vice-side winding 222 and battery unit 10, single-chip microcomputer 21 is according to the voltage collected, electricity
Stream information controls to switch on-off.If power supply 40 uses civil power, then need alternating current is carried out rectification, shown in Fig. 1
Rectification unit, but this is conventional setting to those skilled in the art, describes the most in detail.Single by controlling
First 20 controls to switch on and off, Active PFC, preferably equilibrium, battery charging can be by using identical circuit same
Time complete, this device will charging, equilibrium, Active PFC integration, improve efficiency, reduce cost, reduce system chi
Very little.It addition, control unit 20 modularized design, it is configured according to the quantity of battery unit 10, facilitates circuit debugging and be
The maintenance of system, it is easy to change.
Refering to Fig. 2, as the preferred version of the present invention, the structure that control unit 20 is concrete is as follows: described single-chip microcomputer 21
Being 8 single-chip microcomputers, the two ends of the second vice-side winding 223 are connected with pin VD+, VD-of single-chip microcomputer 21 respectively；Described switch is
Field effect transistor, the positive and negative interpolar of power supply 40 connects electric capacity CN, electric capacity CNA resonance circuit is constituted with primary side winding 221, each
The magnetic flux of transformator is by resonant reset and mean magnetizing about zero.One end of primary side winding 221 is connected, separately with power supply 40 positive pole
One end is by resistance r and field effect transistor MNDrain electrode be connected, field effect transistor MNSource electrode be connected with the negative pole of power supply, resistance r and field
Effect pipe MNThe drain electrode time draw a branch road and be connected with the CS pin of single-chip microcomputer 21, the pin SG1 of single-chip microcomputer 21 and field effect
Should pipe MNGrid be connected for controlling field effect transistor MNBreak-make；One end of first vice-side winding 222 connects battery unit 10
Positive pole, the other end and field effect transistor SNDrain electrode be connected, field effect transistor SNSource electrode connect battery unit 10 negative pole, single-chip microcomputer
The pin SG2 of 21 is by optical coupling isolator, mosfet driver and field effect transistor SNGrid be connected for controlling field effect transistor SN
Break-make, the OPT ISO in optical coupling isolator namely Fig. 2, the Drive in mosfet driver i.e. Fig. 2.Use field effect transistor
MN、SNAs switch, convenient control and energy consumption are little.Why in single-chip microcomputer 21 and field effect transistor SNBetween optical coupling isolator be set be
Avoid signal disturbing.
Preferably, described power supply unit 30 exports 12V voltage to single-chip microcomputer 21, and power supply unit 30 also exports 4V voltage extremely
The mosfet driver corresponding to first battery unit 10 in each battery unit of series connection, its in each battery unit of series connection
His positive pole of the mosfet driver corresponding to battery unit 10, negative pole respectively with positive pole, this electricity of previous battery unit 10
The negative pole of pool unit 10 is connected.Refering to Fig. 1, herein in relation to mosfet driver connected mode it can be appreciated that: first
Battery unit B1The pin B of the corresponding Driver in MODULE 1P, B-is connected with the 4V voltage output end of power supply unit 30；
Second battery unit B2The pin B of the corresponding Driver in MODULE 2PWith first battery unit B1Positive pole phase
Even, its pin B-and second battery unit B2Negative pole be connected；The rest may be inferred, n-th battery unit BNCorresponding MODULE
The pin B of the Driver in NPWith (N-1) individual battery unit BN-1Positive pole be connected, its pin B-and n-th battery unit BN
Negative pole be connected.When this device is applied on electric automobile when, power supply unit can be Vehicular accumulator cell, for other feelings
Condition, can additionally increase a 12V accumulator and a low power charger.
Preferably, the wire turn quantity ratio of the wire turn quantity of described control unit primary side winding 221 and the first vice-side winding 222
Value is N.So can ensure that field effect transistor MN、SNDuring opening and closing, the voltage of each winding is identical.
Preferably, the pin COMM1 of each single-chip microcomputer 21 is connected for realizing the communication between single-chip microcomputer 21.Pass through communication ends
Mouthful, each control unit 20 can share the state of oneself with other people, and can understand the situation of other batteries in time, when one
When individual or several battery units 10 can not work or be overheated, all modules can find it or they module number, thus enters
One step can be quickly found out bad battery unit 10, the beneficially eliminating of fault.
Refering to Fig. 3, the control method of a kind of foregoing battery pack balancing device, comprise the steps: (A) single-chip microcomputer
21 control field effect transistor M according to the charged state of battery unit 10N、SNBreak-make realize independently filling each battery unit 10
Electricity；(B) single-chip microcomputer 21 controls ceiling voltage battery unit 10 and minimum voltage battery unit according to the magnitude of voltage of battery unit 10
Field effect transistor M corresponding to 10N、SNBreak-make realize electric voltage equalization.
Specifically, described step A comprises the steps: that (A1) each control unit 20 is connected with power supply 40, starts to charge up；
(A2) single-chip microcomputer 21 judges that its battery unit 10 controlled is the most fully charged, and if so, this single-chip microcomputer 21 cuts out accordingly
Field effect transistor MN、SN, otherwise, corresponding field effect transistor M opened by this single-chip microcomputer 21N, close corresponding field effect transistor SN；(A3)
When by the electric current i of primary side winding 221MNWhen reaching default peak value, this single-chip microcomputer 21 cuts out corresponding field effect transistor MN, pass through
Corresponding field effect transistor S is opened after the time t setN；(A4) when by the electric current i of primary side winding 221MNIt is gradually lowered to zero
Time, this single-chip microcomputer 21 cuts out corresponding field effect transistor SN, after the time t set, repeat step B；(A5) if in step B
All of battery unit 10 is the most fully charged, then charging process terminates.
Specifically, described step B comprises the steps: that (B1) single-chip microcomputer 21 gathers the magnitude of voltage of battery unit 10；
(B2) corresponding field effect transistor S opened by the single-chip microcomputer 21 corresponding to battery unit 10 that voltage is the highestN, then it is turned off；
(B3) corresponding field effect transistor M opened respectively by the single-chip microcomputer 21 corresponding to battery unit 10 that voltage is the highest, minimumN, then close
Close them；(B4) corresponding field effect transistor S opened by the single-chip microcomputer 21 corresponding to battery unit 10 that voltage is minimumN, then by it
Close；(B5) step B2～B4 are repeated, until the electric voltage equalization of each battery unit 10.
Above step is described in detail by 4-Fig. 7 below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
Refering to Fig. 4, when starting to charge for battery, its battery unit 10 controlled is carried out by each control unit 20 respectively
Judge, see that this battery unit 10 is the most fully charged, it is assumed that the battery unit B in Fig. 41Fill with electricity, battery unit B2
Underfill electricity, then field effect transistor M1、S1、S2It is turned off, field effect transistor M2Open, so by second transformator T2Former limit around
The electric current i of groupM2By linearly increasing, and in primary side winding, store energy；Work as iM2When reaching default peak value, field effect transistor M2Will
Close, after elapsed time t, open field effect transistor S2, so it is stored in transformator T2It is secondary that the energy of primary side winding is transferred to first
Limit winding also transfers to battery unit B2In, for battery unit B2Charging；Along with the carrying out of charging, electric current iM2It is gradually reduced, when
Electric current iM2When being reduced to 0, close field effect transistor S2.Steps be repeated alternatively until after all of battery unit 10 is all completely filled with electricity
Complete charge.
Refering to Fig. 5, when charging, if it occur that unbalanced phenomena, such as battery unit B1Voltage higher than other electricity
During pool unit, with battery unit B1First vice-side winding in parallel will have a higher voltage, and higher than other battery units
The first corresponding vice-side winding, it is meant that more energy is stored therein.Energy rotates back into transformator T1Primary side winding
Go up and together with power supply energy, in the primary side winding corresponding to the battery unit that other are to be charged.It is pointed out that Fig. 5
Shown in be not together with power supply, but together with the energy of AC/DC changer, be owing in embodiment, power supply generally uses
Be alternating current, it is necessary to carry out rectification and become unidirectional current.Above-mentioned balancing procedure is carried out continuously so that battery unit B1Energy
Amount is transferred on other battery unit, has reached the purpose of equilibrium.
The schematic diagram being shown that under discharge scenario refering to Fig. 6, Fig. 7.During discharging, each single-chip microcomputer 21 constantly gathers respectively
The voltage of battery unit 10, when occurring unbalanced, it is assumed that as shown in Figure 7, battery unit B1Voltage the highest, electricity
Pool unit B3Voltage minimum, then single-chip microcomputer 21 in MODULE 1 can send signal in 0.1s open S1, then off
S1, and in 0.1s, open M1And M3, it is then shut off them；S is opened again in 0.1s3, it is then shut off.So can be achieved with electricity
Pool unit B1Middle energy is to battery unit B3Middle transfer, repeat the above steps, until having, another pair is the highest, the electricity of minimum voltage
Pool unit 10 occurs, to new the highest, battery unit 10 repeat the above steps of minimum voltage.After repeatedly transfer, institute
Some battery unit 10 energy all reach equilibrium.
Claims (5)
1. a battery pack balancing device, set of cells is in series by battery unit (10), it is characterised in that: include control unit
(20) power supply unit (30) and for control unit (20) powered, each battery unit (10) is correspondingly arranged a control unit
(20)；Described control unit (20) includes single-chip microcomputer (21), transformator (22), the primary side winding (221) of transformator (22) with
Power supply (40) is connected, and transformator (22) has two vice-side winding, the first vice-side winding (222) to be connected with battery unit (10), the
Two vice-side winding (223) are used for gathering information of voltage and exporting to single-chip microcomputer (21), and single-chip microcomputer (21) also gathers primary side winding
(221) current information；Between described primary side winding (221) and power supply (40), the first vice-side winding (222) and battery unit
(10) being provided with switch between, single-chip microcomputer (21) controls to switch on-off according to the voltage collected, current information.
2. battery pack balancing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: described single-chip microcomputer (21) is 8 single-chip microcomputers,
The two ends of the second vice-side winding (223) pin VD+, VD-with single-chip microcomputer (21) respectively is connected；Described switch is field effect
Pipe, the positive and negative interpolar of power supply (40) connects electric capacity CN, one end of primary side winding (221) is connected with power supply (40) positive pole, another
Hold by resistance r and field effect transistor MNDrain electrode be connected, field effect transistor MNSource electrode be connected with the negative pole of power supply, resistance r and field are imitated
Should pipe MNThe drain electrode time draw a branch road be connected with the CS pin of single-chip microcomputer (21), the pin SG1 of single-chip microcomputer (21) and field
Effect pipe MNGrid be connected for controlling field effect transistor MNBreak-make；One end of first vice-side winding (222) connects battery unit
(10) positive pole, the other end and field effect transistor SNDrain electrode be connected, field effect transistor SNSource electrode connect the negative of battery unit (10)
Pole, the pin SG2 of single-chip microcomputer (21) is by optical coupling isolator, mosfet driver and field effect transistor SNGrid be connected for controlling
Field effect transistor S processedNBreak-make.
3. battery pack balancing device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that: described power supply unit (30) output 12V electricity
Being depressed into single-chip microcomputer (21), power supply unit (30) also exports the first battery unit (10) in each battery unit of 4V voltage extremely series connection
Corresponding mosfet driver, the mosfet driver corresponding to other battery units (10) in each battery unit of series connection
Positive pole, negative pole is connected with positive pole, the negative pole of this battery unit (10) of previous battery unit (10) respectively.
4. battery pack balancing device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described control unit primary side winding (221)
Wire turn quantity is N with the wire turn quantity ratio of the first vice-side winding (222).
5. battery pack balancing device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: the pin COMM1 of each single-chip microcomputer (21) is connected
For realizing the communication between single-chip microcomputer (21).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610800994.4A CN106252757A (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | Battery pack balancing device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610800994.4A CN106252757A (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | Battery pack balancing device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106252757A true CN106252757A (en) | 2016-12-21 |
Family
ID=57598581
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610800994.4A Pending CN106252757A (en) | 2016-09-05 | 2016-09-05 | Battery pack balancing device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106252757A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115622201A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-01-17 | 麦田能源有限公司 | Power supply conversion system, power supply conversion device and battery pack voltage balance control method |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202149911U (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-22 | 武汉盛帆电子股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit of external battery for intelligent three-phase charge control electric meter |
| CN203660584U (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-06-18 | 淄博明泰电器科技有限公司 | Modularization battery equalization and charging system |
| CN204012765U (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-12-10 | 刘维洪 | A kind of battery equalizing circuit |
| US20150214766A1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Dongguan Powerwise New Energy Co., Ltd. | Battery balancing circuit, system and method |
| CN105226775A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-06 | 中山大学 | The nondissipative equalization method of lithium ion battery of electric automobile group |
-
2016
- 2016-09-05 CN CN201610800994.4A patent/CN106252757A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202149911U (en) * | 2011-06-27 | 2012-02-22 | 武汉盛帆电子股份有限公司 | Power supply circuit of external battery for intelligent three-phase charge control electric meter |
| CN203660584U (en) * | 2013-12-06 | 2014-06-18 | 淄博明泰电器科技有限公司 | Modularization battery equalization and charging system |
| US20150214766A1 (en) * | 2014-01-24 | 2015-07-30 | Dongguan Powerwise New Energy Co., Ltd. | Battery balancing circuit, system and method |
| CN204012765U (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2014-12-10 | 刘维洪 | A kind of battery equalizing circuit |
| CN105226775A (en) * | 2015-11-13 | 2016-01-06 | 中山大学 | The nondissipative equalization method of lithium ion battery of electric automobile group |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115622201A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-01-17 | 麦田能源有限公司 | Power supply conversion system, power supply conversion device and battery pack voltage balance control method |
| CN115622201B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-04-07 | 麦田能源有限公司 | Power supply conversion system, power supply conversion device and battery pack voltage balance control method |
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Application publication date: 20161221 |