CN106249057A - A kind of large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106249057A CN106249057A CN201610607127.9A CN201610607127A CN106249057A CN 106249057 A CN106249057 A CN 106249057A CN 201610607127 A CN201610607127 A CN 201610607127A CN 106249057 A CN106249057 A CN 106249057A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/08—Measuring electromagnetic field characteristics
- G01R29/10—Radiation diagrams of antennas
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Abstract
A kind of large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method, the present invention uses the mode rotating feed equivalent rotary reflecting surface, is obtained the Pattern measurement data of actual working state by directional diagram coordinate transform and phase output origin translation technology.Antenna to be measured is arranged on turntable, uses transit survey antenna coordinate system and place coordinate system relation, utilize turntable to be adjusted, then with photogrammetric adjustment feed location to design attitude, measure directional diagram.Utilization orientation figure coordinate transform and phase output origin translation technology will record directional diagram and be converted under antenna coordinate system, i.e. actual working state.The present invention is compared with conventional test methodologies, preferably simulate and rotate beam scanning antennas actual working state of beam scanning on satellite around focus, it is easier to adjust antenna point to, the requirement to antenna frock reduced, strict mathematical derivation reduces amplitude pattern and directly translates the error brought, and determines the phase pattern under new coordinate origin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of antenna radiation characteristics method of testing, a kind of large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning sky
The method of testing of beta radiation characteristic, belongs to antenna measurement technical field.
Background technology
Antenna is a kind of changer, has the electromagnetic wave guided wave on transmission line being converted to free space, or instead
To the characteristic of conversion, it is the indispensable parts of wireless telecommunications.Large-scale around focus rotate beam scanning antennas be numerous sweeping
Retouching the one of antenna, it is in ground communications, satellite communication, satellite navigation, military monitoring, geology and resource exploration, survey of deep space
Suffer from extensively applying.Antenna measurement technology is accompanied by of an inspection antenna performance of antenna development
Section, antenna measurement is the crucial bridge of checking antenna actual performance and theoretical simulation, be antenna apply to actual institute have to be through
The step crossed.
Large-scale around focus rotate beam scanning antennas due to the particularity of its form, be especially applicable to the spy of satellite fields
Different property, its test request is also slightly different with ordinary antennas test.Due to its bulky, must also when being applied to satellite fields
Having deployable property, its structure is often soft or transformable, under space environment use environment with at ground environment
Test can be very different, and needs special auxiliary mould to eliminate the gravity impact etc. for reflecting surface structure and feed.
Owing to it rotates the mode of operation of beam scanning around focus, during ground test, frock is proposed its reflecting surface is movable and and feed
A series of high requests such as relative position is adjustable.
Summary of the invention
The technology of the present invention solves problem: evaded large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning antennas ground test scanning shape
The difficulty that state is difficult to, it is provided that a kind of large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method, adopts
Replace the method equivalent aerial beam scanning duty rotating reflecting surface with rotating feed, utilization orientation figure coordinate rotates and phase
Position output origin translation technology, obtains the antenna pattern data when beam scanning.
The technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of large-scale around focus rotation beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalence test
Method, step is as follows:
(1) antenna and frock being installed on turntable, frock is used for artificial antenna additament of duty on satellite
Part, plays fixed antenna reflecting surface and feed the effect being connected turntable；
(2) utilize the datum hole on transit survey antenna or target, determine antenna coordinate system, utilize transit survey sky
The benchmark target of line test system, establishes antenna measurement system coordinate system；
(3) utilize turntable to adjust antenna coordinate system, make antenna coordinate system turn with Antenna testing system coordinate system three axle Euler
In angle, Rz value is less than allowed maximum, record now two other corner R x and the value of Ry；Described antenna coordinate system is: will
During the initial position that antenna does not scans, reflecting surface vertically upward direction is defined as z-axis, and the direction being parallel to ground is defined as x
Axle, y-axis determines according to right-hand rule；Described antenna measurement system coordinate system is: by reversely determining of electromagnetic wave propagation direction
For z-axis, the direction being parallel to ground is defined as x-axis, and y-axis determines according to right-hand rule；
(4) utilize photogrammetric technology, determine reflecting surface and the relative position relation of feed on antenna, and adjust feed position
Put and make it be less than allowed maximum with reflecting surface relative to the position deviation of position Yu Antenna Design value, and corner deviation is less than
The maximum allowed；
(5) utilize Antenna testing system that the test of antenna travel direction figure is obtained pattern data；
(6) anglec of rotation Rx obtained according to step (3) and Ry, utilization orientation figure coordinate spinning solution obtains antenna coordinate
Amplitude pattern under Xi；
(7) the antenna coordinate system initial point determined according to step (2) positional value in test coordinate system, utilizes phase directional
Figure output origin translation method, obtains the phase pattern under antenna coordinate system.
The concrete formula of described step (6) directional diagram coordinate spinning solution is:
Wherein FAz(Az, El), FEl(Az, El) is for testing the side of two quadrature components of gained in test system coordinate system
Xiang Tu；WithFor the unit vector under Antenna testing system coordinate system；FAz2(Az2,El2), FEl2(Az2,El2) it is that antenna is sat
Two quadrature component directional diagrams under mark system；WithFor the unit vector under antenna coordinate system.Wherein C is former rectangular coordinate
System and the transition matrix C of azimuth pitch coordinate system2Transition matrix for rectangular coordinate system after rotating with azimuth pitch coordinate system；T
The transition matrix of rectangular coordinate system after being tied to rotate for former rectangular coordinate.
Described step (7) the phase pattern output concrete formula of origin translation method is:
Phase2=Phase-k (ux+vy+wz)
Phase pattern under wherein Phase is Antenna testing system coordinate system, Phase2For the phase under antenna coordinate system
Position directional diagram, k is the wave number corresponding to direction figure, k=2 π/λ=2 π c/f, c be the light velocity in vacuum 2.9979 ×
108M/s, f are the frequency that directional diagram is corresponding；U, v, w are respectively corresponding to three axles of the coordinate system type that directional diagram is used
Direction cosines；X, y, z is respectively required coordinate origin and puts three-dimensional coordinate under test coordinate system.
The maximum value position deviation that in step (4), antenna allows is less than 2mm.
The maximum corner deviation that in step (4), antenna allows is less than 0.03 degree.
The present invention compared with prior art provides the benefit that:
(1) present invention employs rotation feed and carry out the mode of equivalent rotary reflecting surface, it is achieved that be large-scale around focus rotational wave
The beam scanning working method of bundle scanning antenna.
(2) requirement to turntable angular range when the equivalent way of the present invention reduces Pattern measurement.Because reflecting surface
Without rotating according to scan position, test scope remains essentially identical with reflecting surface initial position, so turntable institute
The angle rotated is the most essentially identical when antenna different beams scanning work.
(3) equivalent way of the present invention has evaded the problem that flexible reflecting surface adjusts repeatedly, i.e. once adjusts during test
The whole testing requirement that can meet different scanning ripple position.
(4) equivalent way of the present invention is more prone to realize and be prone to adjusting compared to traditional rotation reflecting surface mode,
Reflecting surface, relative to feed bulky, adjusts feed location and adjusts compared to reflecting surface the most many with angle.
(5) present invention employs directional diagram coordinate rotation technique and export origin translation technology with phase pattern, reduce
Tradition amplitude pattern directly translates the error brought, it is determined that the phase pattern under required coordinate origin.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the method flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is antenna actual beam scanning mode schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is antenna equivalence beam scanning view.
Fig. 4 is that phase pattern exports origin translation schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
1 pair of inventive antenna is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specific as follows:
One, detailed step
(1) antenna and frock being installed on turntable, frock is artificial antenna extraneous items of duty on satellite,
Play fixed reflection surface and feed, the effect of connecting test system turntable；
(2) utilize the datum hole on transit survey antenna or target to determine antenna coordinate system, utilize transit survey sky
Line test system benchmark target, establishes test system coordinate system.Antenna testing system is that the one of measurement antenna radiation pattern is general
Equipment, the intrinsic coordinate system of himself is referred to as testing system coordinate system；
(3) utilize turntable to adjust antenna coordinate system, make antenna coordinate system and test in system coordinate system three axle Euler's corner
Rz value is less than allowed maximum, usually 0.03 degree, records now two other corner R x and the value of Ry.Generally Antenna Design
Time antenna is not scanned initial position time reflecting surface vertically upward direction be defined as z-axis, the direction being parallel to ground determines
For x-axis, y-axis determines according to right-hand rule；Electromagnetic wave propagation direction is defined as z-axis by generally test system, is parallel to ground
Direction is defined as x-axis, and y-axis determines according to right-hand rule.
(4) utilize photogrammetric, determine the relative position relation of reflecting surface and feed on antenna, and adjust feed location and make
It is less than allowed maximum, general warranty relative to the position deviation of position with Antenna Design value with corner deviation with reflecting surface
Position deviation is less than 2mm, and corner deviation is less than 0.03 degree；As in figure 2 it is shown, during antenna scanning, traditional method is rotation reflecting surface,
Equivalent method is i.e. illustrated in figure 3 rotating feed.
(5) utilizing Antenna testing system, the test of travel direction figure obtains pattern data；
(6) according to (3) finally adjust result, determine that the anglec of rotation, utilization orientation figure coordinate rotation technique obtain sky
Amplitude pattern under line coordinates system, concrete grammar is as follows:
Wherein FAz(Az, El), FEl(Az, El) is the direction of two quadrature components of Antenna testing system coordinate system gained
Figure.WithFor the unit vector under this test coordinate system.FAz2(Az2,El2), FEl2(Az2,El2) it is under required coordinate system
Two quadrature component directional diagrams.WithFor the unit vector under required coordinate system.
(7) according to the final result in (2), determine antenna coordinate system initial point positional value in test coordinate system, utilize
Phase pattern output origin translation technology, obtains the phase pattern under antenna coordinate system.Concrete grammar is as follows:
Phase2=Phase-k (ux+vy+wz) (formula 3)
Phase pattern under wherein Phase is former coordinate system, Phase2For the phase pattern under required coordinate system, k
For the wave number corresponding to direction figure, k=2 π/λ=2 π c/f, c are the light velocity 2.9979 × 10 in vacuum8M/s, f are direction
The cps that figure is corresponding is hertz (Hz).U, v, w are respectively corresponding to three axles of the coordinate system type that directional diagram is used
Direction cosines.X, y, z is respectively required coordinate origin and puts three-dimensional coordinate under test coordinate system.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Two, algorithm brief introduction
1, directional diagram coordinate rotates:
As a example by Az over El coordinate system, FAz(Az, El), FEl(Az, El) is that original coordinates is just testing two of gained
Hand over the directional diagram of component.WithFor the unit vector under this test coordinate system.FAz2(Az2,El2), FEl2(Az2,El2) it is
Two quadrature component directional diagrams under required coordinate system.WithFor the unit vector under required coordinate system.
ObtainFormula 1, formula 2 can be solved.
Wherein C is the transition matrix C of former rectangular coordinate system and azimuth pitch coordinate system2For rectangular coordinate system and side after rotating
The transition matrix of position pitching coordinate system.T is the transition matrix of rectangular coordinate system after former rectangular coordinate is tied to rotate.
2, phase pattern output origin translation:
It is assumed that point of observation i.e. directional diagram output initial point in o point position observes that the following a of antenna radiation pattern function is
Amplitude patternFor phase pattern.
Point of observation becomes the o ' apart from former o point D, far field amplitude pattern with apart from unrelated, phase place due to distance source point away from
From change, pattern function becomes:
It is generalized to three-dimensional arbitrarily angled i.e. can get formula 10.
Phase2=Phase-k (ux+vy+wz) (formula 11).
Claims (5)
1. one kind large-scale rotates beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method around focus, it is characterised in that step is as follows:
(1) antenna and frock being installed on turntable, frock is used for artificial antenna extraneous items of duty on satellite, rises
To fixed antenna reflecting surface and feed the effect being connected turntable；
(2) utilize the datum hole on transit survey antenna or target, determine antenna coordinate system, utilize transit survey antenna to survey
The benchmark target of test system, establishes antenna measurement system coordinate system；
(3) utilize turntable to adjust antenna coordinate system, make in antenna coordinate system and Antenna testing system coordinate system three axle Euler's corner
Rz value is less than allowed maximum, record now two other corner R x and the value of Ry；Described antenna coordinate system is: by antenna
During the initial position not scanned, reflecting surface vertically upward direction is defined as z-axis, and the direction being parallel to ground is defined as x-axis, y-axis
Determine according to right-hand rule；Described antenna measurement system coordinate system is: electromagnetic wave propagation direction is reversely defined as z-axis,
The direction being parallel to ground is defined as x-axis, and y-axis determines according to right-hand rule；
(4) utilize photogrammetric technology, determine the relative position relation of reflecting surface and feed on antenna, and adjust feed location and make
It is less than allowed maximum with reflecting surface relative to the position deviation of position Yu Antenna Design value, and corner deviation is less than being permitted
The maximum permitted；
(5) utilize Antenna testing system that the test of antenna travel direction figure is obtained pattern data；
(6) anglec of rotation Rx obtained according to step (3) and Ry, utilization orientation figure coordinate spinning solution obtains under antenna coordinate system
Amplitude pattern；
(7) the antenna coordinate system initial point determined according to step (2) positional value in test coordinate system, utilizes phase pattern defeated
Go out origin translation method, obtain the phase pattern under antenna coordinate system.
One the most according to claim 1 is large-scale rotates beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method around focus,
It is characterized in that: the concrete formula of described step (6) directional diagram coordinate spinning solution is:
Wherein FAz(Az, El), FEl(Az, El) is for testing the directional diagram of two quadrature components of gained in test system coordinate system；WithFor the unit vector under Antenna testing system coordinate system；FAz2(Az2,El2), FEl2(Az2,El2) it is under antenna coordinate system
Two quadrature component directional diagrams；WithFor the unit vector under antenna coordinate system.Wherein C is former rectangular coordinate system and side
The transition matrix C of position pitching coordinate system2Transition matrix for rectangular coordinate system after rotating with azimuth pitch coordinate system；T be former directly
Angle coordinate system is to the transition matrix of rectangular coordinate system after rotating.
One the most according to claim 1 is large-scale rotates beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method around focus,
It is characterized in that: described step (7) the phase pattern output concrete formula of origin translation method is:
Phase2=Phase-k (ux+vy+wz)
Phase pattern under wherein Phase is Antenna testing system coordinate system, Phase2For the phase directional under antenna coordinate system
Figure, k is the wave number corresponding to direction figure, and k=2 π/λ=2 π c/f, c are the light velocity 2.9979 × 10 in vacuum8M/s, f are
The frequency that directional diagram is corresponding；U, v, w are respectively direction cosines corresponding to three axles of the coordinate system type that directional diagram is used；x、
Y, z are respectively required coordinate origin and put three-dimensional coordinate under test coordinate system.
One the most according to claim 1 is large-scale rotates beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method around focus,
It is characterized in that: the maximum value position deviation that in step (4), antenna allows is less than 2mm.
One the most according to claim 1 is large-scale rotates beam scanning antennas radiation characteristic equivalent detecting method around focus,
It is characterized in that: the maximum corner deviation that in step (4), antenna allows is less than 0.03 degree.
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| CN109742555A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of space lens scan antenna and its beam sweeping method based on ELLIPTIC REVOLUTION paraboloid phase distribution |
| CN110058091A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Antenna servo system Calibration Method based on coordinate rotation |
| CN111308227A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 刘锡国 | Short wave antenna directional diagram measuring system |
| WO2020124979A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | A portable, integrated antenna test bed with built-in turntable |
| WO2021046797A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Antenna pattern test method and device, and storage medium |
| CN112526227A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-19 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Method and device for measuring antenna direction characteristics of satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108152787A (en) * | 2017-10-25 | 2018-06-12 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | For accurately obtaining the method for satellite radar antenna beam direction |
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| CN109742555A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of space lens scan antenna and its beam sweeping method based on ELLIPTIC REVOLUTION paraboloid phase distribution |
| WO2020124979A1 (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2020-06-25 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | A portable, integrated antenna test bed with built-in turntable |
| CN110058091A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-07-26 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Antenna servo system Calibration Method based on coordinate rotation |
| WO2021046797A1 (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Antenna pattern test method and device, and storage medium |
| CN111308227A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-06-19 | 刘锡国 | Short wave antenna directional diagram measuring system |
| CN112526227A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-03-19 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Method and device for measuring antenna direction characteristics of satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
| CN112526227B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-09-20 | 国家卫星气象中心(国家空间天气监测预警中心) | Method and device for measuring antenna direction characteristics of satellite-borne microwave radiometer |
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