CN106249024B - Transmission line of electricity voltage measurement method based on D dot electric-field sensors - Google Patents
Transmission line of electricity voltage measurement method based on D dot electric-field sensors Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/0084—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof measuring voltage only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R29/12—Measuring electrostatic fields or voltage-potential
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Abstract
A kind of transmission line of electricity voltage measurement method based on D dot electric-field sensors provided by the invention, including：Reference point is selected in transmission line of electricity surrounding environment, reference point is defined as path of integration to the vertical range between transmission line of electricity；Multiple D dot electric-field sensors are arranged on path of integration and detect the electric field value on path of integration；ByThe voltage of computing electric power line；By this method, the influence of environmental factor can be effectively reduced in measurement process, accurate measurement can be carried out to the voltage of transmission line of electricity, accurate Voltage Reference parameter is provided for the safe and stable operation of power system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a voltage measuring method, in particular to a power transmission line voltage measuring method based on a D-dot electric field sensor.
Background
In an electric power system, voltage measurement of a power transmission line is an extremely important parameter in the control fields of relay protection, overvoltage protection, online monitoring and the like, and the accuracy and reliability of the measurement are guarantees of safe and stable operation of a power grid.
With the continuous development of a power grid, such as the gradual increase of transmission capacity, the improvement of voltage grade and other factors, the traditional voltage measuring devices, such as electromagnetic voltage sensors and capacitive voltage sensors, are difficult to meet the precision requirement, and cannot provide accurate parameter guidance for the work of a power system; with the development of technology, a non-contact D-dot voltage sensor has been proposed, which has improved accuracy compared to the above voltage sensor, but has the following disadvantages: the data calculation difficulty is large, the accurate solution is difficult, and the measurement precision is easily influenced by environmental factors, that is, when the measurement environment is deteriorated, the D-dot voltage sensor is difficult to measure.
Therefore, a new measurement means for the transmission line needs to be proposed to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for measuring a voltage of a power transmission line based on a D-dot electric field sensor, which can effectively reduce the influence of environmental factors during a measurement process, accurately measure the voltage of the power transmission line, and provide accurate voltage reference parameters for safe and stable operation of a power system.
The invention provides a power transmission line voltage measuring method based on a D-dot electric field sensor, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a reference point in the surrounding environment of the power transmission line, and determining the vertical distance between the reference point and the power transmission line as an integral path;
arranging a plurality of D-dot electric field sensors on the integration path and detecting electric field values on the integration path;
byAnd calculating the voltage of the power transmission line.
Further, the earth below the power transmission line is selected as a reference point, and a path perpendicular to the earth below the power transmission line is an integral path; and the D-dot electric field sensor is arranged as follows:
the arrangement density of the D-dot electric field sensors is gradually increased from the power transmission line to the ground.
Further, when the voltage of the power transmission line is calculated, the measuring angle of the D-dot electric field sensor is adjusted to measure;
judging whether the standard deviation of the electric field values measured by each D-dot electric field sensor is smaller than a set value, if so, recording a plurality of groups of electric field value data as an integral basis under the measuring condition of the current D-dot electric field sensor;
and (3) carrying out numerical integration iterative operation on the electric field values of each group, adjusting the iteration times and step length of a numerical integration formula, determining a group of electric field values with the minimum error, and calculating the voltage of the power transmission line according to the electric field value with the minimum error.
Further, the D-dot electric field sensor is manufactured by adopting the following method:
s1, obtaining parameters of a power transmission line, establishing a power transmission line electric field distribution model, and obtaining the distribution condition of an electric field around the power transmission line;
s2, obtaining design parameters of a design target D-dot electric field sensor, establishing an electric field sensor model, and substituting the electric field sensor model into a power transmission line electric field distribution model;
s3, establishing a field coupling model and an equivalent circuit of the design target D-dot electric field sensor and the power transmission line, and performing simulation analysis calculation on a transfer function of the field coupling equivalent circuit to obtain output parameters of the design target D-dot electric field sensor;
s4, judging the error between the output result of the design target D-dot electric field sensor and the output result of theoretical calculation, wherein if the error is within a set range, the current electric field sensor model meets the design requirement; if the error is outside the set range, the design parameters are optimally adjusted, returning to S2.
Further, the transfer function of the field circuit coupling equivalent circuit is as follows:
wherein:
Cs1and Cs2Stray capacitance to ground of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the D-dot electric field sensor respectively, Cm1、Cm2Mutual capacitance of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the measured transmission conductor and the D-dot electric field respectively; rmIs the input impedance of the differential amplifier of the D-dot electric field sensor; cm0As a mutual capacitance between the upper and lower electrodes,for real-time voltage of the transmission line, UO(s) is the output voltage of the D-dot electric field sensor, i.e. the input impedance RmThe voltage across the terminals.
Further, the electric field distribution model of the power transmission line is as follows:
carrying out boundary division on a space area of the power transmission line and a D-dot electric field sensor in the space area: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the electric transmission line into a space field, the inside of a D-dot electric field sensor and an interface between the D-dot electric field sensor and the space field, wherein:
spatial field electric field distribution of the transmission line:
distribution of an electric field inside the D-dot electric field sensor:
J＝γE；
interface electric field distribution of the D-dot electric field sensor and the space field:
A1＝A2；
wherein: v is the magnetoresistance ratio, σ is the conductivity of the sensor electrodes, and upsilon is the penaltyFactor, n21The normal vector of the interface of the transmission line and the electric field sensor is shown; n12 is a normal vector on the interface of the filling medium; a is the vector magnetic potential of the space field of the power transmission line, A1 and A2 are the vector magnetic potential between the power transmission line and the interface of the D-dot electric field sensor, J is the current density, and gamma is the conductivity of the filling medium of the D-dot electric field sensor;is the scalar potential of the electric field sensor; e is the electric field strength.
Further, the field coupling model is:
wherein,an integration coefficient of an integration circuit of the electric field sensor; v (t) output voltage of the electric field sensor, U (t) output voltage of an integrating circuit of the electric field sensor; e is the electric field intensity;is the scalar potential of the electric field sensor, A is the vector magnetic potential, Rm is the input impedance of the differential circuit of the electric field sensor; a. theεqIs the equivalent area of the electrodes of the electric field sensor.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method for measuring the voltage of the power transmission line based on the D-dot electric field sensor can effectively reduce the influence of environmental factors in the measurement process, can accurately measure the voltage of the power transmission line, and provides accurate voltage reference parameters for safe and stable operation of a power system.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the following figures and examples:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a measurement schematic diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of boundary division according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an output equivalent circuit of the electric field sensor of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is an equivalent circuit of the integrating circuit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the electric field coupling of the electric field sensor of the present invention and the transmission line.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the D-dot electric field sensor of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating different path measurement results according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated and described below:
the invention provides a power transmission line voltage measuring method based on a D-dot electric field sensor, which comprises the following steps:
selecting a reference point in the surrounding environment of the power transmission line, and determining the vertical distance between the reference point and the power transmission line as an integral path;
arranging a plurality of D-dot electric field sensors on the integration path and detecting electric field values on the integration path;
byCalculating the voltage of the power transmission line; by the method, the influence of environmental factors can be effectively reduced in the measuring process, the voltage of the power transmission line can be accurately measured, and accurate voltage reference is provided for safe and stable operation of the power systemAnd (4) parameters.
In this embodiment, the ground below the power transmission line is selected as a reference point, a path perpendicular to the ground below the power transmission line is an integration path, fig. 2 shows a spatial electric field of the three-phase power transmission line, taking voltage measurement of the B-phase power transmission line as an example, a dotted line in the drawing shows an electric field distribution region, and fig. 8 shows a potential of the B-phase power transmission line under different integration paths of the B-phase power transmission lineAs can be seen from fig. 8, no matter what path is selected, the distribution curve of the electric field intensity along the integral path is equal to the area enclosed by the X axis and the Y axis, that is, the calculation result is not related to the integral path, but in order to simplify the calculation process, a path perpendicular to the ground below the power transmission line is selected as the integral path; and the D-dot electric field sensor is arranged as follows:
the arrangement density of the D-dot electric field sensors is gradually increased from the power transmission line to the ground, and as the arrangement schematic diagram of the D-dot electric field sensors shown in FIG. 7 shows that the electric field is smaller at positions farther away from the power transmission line and is easy to be interfered by the outside, the method can accurately measure the electric field intensity of the selected integral path and reduce the measurement cost, and in order to ensure the measurement safety, the electric field sensors are prevented from being arranged 1.8-2.8 meters below the power transmission line, and the distance between adjacent electric field sensors is 30-50cm, so as to ensure the measurement precision.
In the embodiment, when the voltage of the power transmission line is calculated, the measurement angle of the D-dot electric field sensor is adjusted to carry out measurement;
judging whether the standard deviation of the electric field values measured by each D-dot electric field sensor is smaller than a set value, if so, recording a plurality of groups of electric field value data as an integral basis under the measuring condition of the current D-dot electric field sensor;
the method can effectively improve the accuracy of voltage measurement, thereby accurately guiding the work of the power system and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power system, wherein the numerical integration iterative operation is the existing algorithm and is not repeated herein.
In this embodiment, the D-dot electric field sensor is manufactured by the following method:
s1, obtaining parameters of a power transmission line, establishing a power transmission line electric field distribution model, and obtaining the distribution condition of an electric field around the power transmission line; wherein, the parameters of the transmission line include: the parameters of the power transmission line comprise the voltage grade of the power transmission line, the power transmission current and the phase voltage of each phase; according to the invention, a power transmission line electric field distribution model is established through finite element analysis software Ansoft Maxwell, so that the calculation efficiency is improved; in the process of manufacturing the D-dot electric field sensor, the transmission line is different from the transmission line of voltage measurement;
s2, obtaining design parameters of a design target D-dot electric field sensor, establishing an electric field sensor model, and substituting the electric field sensor model into a power transmission line electric field distribution model;
s3, establishing a field coupling model and an equivalent circuit of the design target D-dot electric field sensor and the power transmission line, and performing simulation analysis calculation on a transfer function of the field coupling equivalent circuit to obtain output parameters of the design target D-dot electric field sensor; the design parameters of the target D-dot electric field sensor comprise the electrode shape, the electrode size, the electrode material, the insulating medium material, the electrode distance and the electrode induction area of the electric field sensor.
S4, judging the error between the output result of the design target D-dot electric field sensor and the output result of theoretical calculation, if the error is in a set range, making the current electric field sensor model meet the design requirements, and manufacturing the electric field sensor according to the current parameters; if the error is out of the set range, optimally adjusting the design parameters, and returning to S2; the electric field sensor manufactured by the method has high measurement precision, and can ensure the precision in the voltage measurement calculation of the power transmission line.
In this embodiment, the transfer function of the field-circuit coupling equivalent circuit is:
wherein:
Cs1and Cs2Stray capacitance to ground of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the D-dot electric field sensor respectively, Cm1、Cm2Mutual capacitance of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the measured transmission conductor and the D-dot electric field respectively; rmIs the input impedance of the differential amplifier of the D-dot electric field sensor; cm0As a mutual capacitance between the upper and lower electrodes,for real-time voltage of the transmission line, UO(s) is the output voltage of the D-dot electric field sensor, i.e. the input impedance RmThe voltage across the terminals.
In this embodiment, the electric field distribution model of the transmission line is as follows:
carrying out boundary division on a space area of the power transmission line and a D-dot electric field sensor in the space area: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the electric transmission line into a space field, the inside of a D-dot electric field sensor and an interface between the D-dot electric field sensor and the space field, wherein:
spatial field electric field distribution of the transmission line:
distribution of an electric field inside the D-dot electric field sensor:
J＝γE；
interface electric field distribution of the D-dot electric field sensor and the space field:
A1＝A2；
wherein: v is the magnetoresistance ratio, σ is the conductivity of the sensor electrodes, upsilon is the penalty factor, n21The normal vector of the interface of the transmission line and the electric field sensor is shown; n12 is a normal vector on the interface of the filling medium; a is the vector magnetic potential of the space field of the power transmission line, A1 and A2 are the vector magnetic potential between the power transmission line and the interface of the D-dot electric field sensor, J is the current density, and gamma is the conductivity of the filling medium of the D-dot electric field sensor;is the scalar potential of the electric field sensor; e is the electric field strength.
In this embodiment, the field coupling model is:
wherein,an integration coefficient of an integration circuit of the electric field sensor; v (t) output voltage of the electric field sensor, U (t) output voltage of an integrating circuit of the electric field sensor; e is the electric field intensity;is the scalar potential of the electric field sensor, A is the vector magnetic potential, Rm is the input impedance of the differential circuit of the electric field sensor; a. theεqIs the equivalent area of the electrodes of the electric field sensor.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A power transmission line voltage measurement method based on a D-dot electric field sensor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
selecting a reference point in the surrounding environment of the power transmission line, and determining the vertical distance between the reference point and the power transmission line as an integral path;
arranging a plurality of D-dot electric field sensors on the integration path and detecting electric field values on the integration path;
byCalculating the voltage of the power transmission line;
when the voltage of the power transmission line is calculated, the measuring angle of the D-dot electric field sensor is adjusted to measure;
judging whether the standard deviation of the electric field values measured by each D-dot electric field sensor is smaller than a set value, if so, recording a plurality of groups of electric field value data as an integral basis under the measuring condition of the current D-dot electric field sensor;
and (3) carrying out numerical integration iterative operation on the electric field values of each group, adjusting the iteration times and step length of a numerical integration formula, determining a group of electric field values with the minimum error, and calculating the voltage of the power transmission line according to the electric field value with the minimum error.
2. The method for measuring the voltage of the power transmission line based on the D-dot electric field sensor according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting the earth below the power transmission line as a reference point, and taking a path perpendicular to the earth below the power transmission line as an integral path; and the D-dot electric field sensor is arranged as follows:
the arrangement density of the D-dot electric field sensors is gradually increased from the power transmission line to the ground.
3. The method for measuring the voltage of the power transmission line based on the D-dot electric field sensor according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein: the D-dot electric field sensor is manufactured by the following method:
s1, obtaining parameters of a power transmission line, establishing a power transmission line electric field distribution model, and obtaining the distribution condition of an electric field around the power transmission line;
s2, obtaining design parameters of a design target D-dot electric field sensor, establishing an electric field sensor model, and substituting the electric field sensor model into a power transmission line electric field distribution model;
s3, establishing a field coupling model and an equivalent circuit of the design target D-dot electric field sensor and the power transmission line, and performing simulation analysis calculation on a transfer function of the field coupling equivalent circuit to obtain output parameters of the design target D-dot electric field sensor;
s4, judging the error between the output result of the design target D-dot electric field sensor and the output result of theoretical calculation, wherein if the error is within a set range, the current electric field sensor model meets the design requirement; if the error is outside the set range, the design parameters are optimally adjusted, returning to S2.
4. The method for measuring the voltage of the power transmission line based on the D-dot electric field sensor according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the transfer function of the field circuit coupling equivalent circuit is as follows:
wherein:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> <mrow> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>m</mi> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>C</mi> <mrow> <mi>s</mi> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msub> </mrow> </mfrac> <mo>;</mo> </mrow>
Cs1and Cs2The stray capacitance of the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the D-dot electric field sensor to the ground, Cm1、Cm2Mutual capacitances of the measured transmission conductor and an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the D-dot electric field are respectively measured; rmIs the input impedance of the differential amplifier of the D-dot electric field sensor; cm0As a mutual capacitance between the upper and lower electrodes,for real-time voltage of the transmission line, UOAnd(s) is the output voltage of the D-dot electric field sensor.
5. The method for measuring the voltage of the power transmission line based on the D-dot electric field sensor according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the electric field distribution model of the transmission line is as follows:
carrying out boundary division on a space area of the power transmission line and a D-dot electric field sensor in the space area: the method comprises the following steps of dividing the electric transmission line into a space field, the inside of a D-dot electric field sensor and an interface between the D-dot electric field sensor and the space field, wherein:
spatial field electric field distribution of the transmission line:
distribution of an electric field inside the D-dot electric field sensor:
<mrow> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>v</mi> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>-</mo> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>&upsi;</mi> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <mi>A</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mi>J</mi> </mrow>
J＝γE；
interface electric field distribution of the D-dot electric field sensor and the space field:
<mrow> <msub> <mi>&upsi;</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <msub> <mi>&upsi;</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> </mrow>
<mrow> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>1</mn> </msub> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>12</mn> </msub> <mo>=</mo> <mo>-</mo> <msub> <mi>v</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&dtri;</mo> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>A</mi> <mn>2</mn> </msub> <mo>&times;</mo> <msub> <mi>n</mi> <mn>21</mn> </msub> </mrow>
A1＝A2；
wherein: v is the reluctance ratioσ is the conductivity of the sensor electrode, upsilon is a penalty factor, n21The normal vector of the interface of the transmission line and the electric field sensor is shown; n12 is a normal vector on the interface of the filling medium; a is the vector magnetic potential of the space field of the power transmission line, A1 and A2 are the vector magnetic potentials of two surfaces of the interface of the power transmission line and the D-dot electric field sensor respectively, J is the current density, and gamma is the conductivity of the filling medium of the D-dot electric field sensor;is the scalar potential of the electric field sensor; e is the electric field strength.
6. The method for measuring the voltage of the power transmission line based on the D-dot electric field sensor according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the field coupling model is as follows:
wherein,an integration coefficient of an integration circuit of the electric field sensor; v (t) output voltage of the electric field sensor, U (t) output voltage of an integrating circuit of the electric field sensor; e is the electric field intensity;is the scalar potential of the electric field sensor, A is the vector magnetic potential of the space field of the transmission line, and Rm is the input impedance of the differential amplifier of the D-dot electric field sensor; a. theεqIs the equivalent area of the electrodes of the electric field sensor.
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| CN107656127A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-02-02 | 重庆大学 | The phases line voltage detection method of transmission line of electricity based on Gauss Legendre integration |
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| CN111337732B (en) * | 2020-03-26 | 2021-08-20 | 清华大学 | Voltage measurement method based on electric field inversion |
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| CN114781132B (en) * | 2022-03-31 | 2024-08-16 | 西北核技术研究所 | Manufacturing method of D-dot sensor |
| CN115718214B (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-09-15 | 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 | Voltage measurement method and device |
| CN118191404A (en) * | 2024-03-20 | 2024-06-14 | 山东雷讯防雷科技有限公司 | Intelligent overvoltage online detection device |
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| CN101718817A (en) * | 2009-12-04 | 2010-06-02 | 河海大学常州校区 | Device and method for measuring voltage phase of high-voltage line in field intensity type non-contact way |
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| CN103810355B (en) * | 2014-03-12 | 2018-01-30 | 国家电网公司 | Transformer station's high-voltage switch gear field power frequency electric field three dimensional analysis method |
| US9880120B2 (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2018-01-30 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Electric field sensor |
| CN204166047U (en) * | 2014-09-23 | 2015-02-18 | 国家电网公司 | A kind of lightning induced voltage sensor based on D-dot principle and measuring system |
| CN104316780A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-01-28 | 国家电网公司 | Electric field sensor for measuring electromagnetic pulses |
| CN105425054A (en) * | 2015-12-24 | 2016-03-23 | 国网重庆市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Noncontact potential measurement method and device |
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2016
- 2016-07-19 CN CN201610569084.XA patent/CN106291135A/en active Pending
- 2016-07-19 CN CN201610569097.7A patent/CN106249024B/en active Active
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| CN106291135A (en) | 2017-01-04 |
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