CN110058083A - A kind of method and system measuring stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic - Google Patents
A kind of method and system measuring stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic Download PDFInfo
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- CN110058083A CN110058083A CN201811345496.0A CN201811345496A CN110058083A CN 110058083 A CN110058083 A CN 110058083A CN 201811345496 A CN201811345496 A CN 201811345496A CN 110058083 A CN110058083 A CN 110058083A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2617—Measuring dielectric properties, e.g. constants
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of methods for measuring stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic, include the following steps: S1: in the same interpolar away from the lower voltage and current values obtained under different impact power supplys；S2: it is calculated according to the voltage value and the current value in voltage and current variation function varying with frequency；S3: obtaining voltage and current values of the different interpolars away under, and obtains the sync waveform of voltage value and current value of the different interpolars away under；S4: by Fourier algorithm decompose to obtain voltage under different frequency, current amplitude and its between phase difference；S5: soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic are calculated.The application has the advantages that result is more accurate.It impacts power supply cheaply and impact is big.Each layer soil resistivity and dielectric constant are able to reflect with the variation of frequency.The data of different frequency disposably are obtained, do not need to take multiple measurements, time of measuring is greatly saved, are tested more efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of high voltage, point tested for analysis and utilization impact signal and equidistant four-electrode method
The layer resistivity of soil and the frequency dependent characteristic of dielectric constant.
Background technique
Before the design for carrying out the earthing or grounding means of substation or shaft tower, it is necessary to understand the soil knot of earthing or grounding means present position
Structure, the resistivity and dielectric constant of layering, each layer including soil, in this way could ground resistance to earthing or grounding means, stride electricity
The design of the correct safety of the progress such as pressure, contact voltage.At the same time, the resistivity of soil and dielectric constant can be with the changes of frequency
Change and changes.Therefore when the impact characteristics of analysis grounding device, need to consider that stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency become special
Property.
Existing measurement includes following several:
1, in-site measurement: equidistant four-electrode method test used at present carries out near power frequency, primarily directed to stratified soil
Resistivity, the dielectric constant of soil is not taken into account, can not also reflect soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic.
Another kind is to use measurement the impulse earthed resistance anti-resistivity of soil-shifting earth and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic, but measurement only provides
It is under even soil as a result, can not reflect the layered structure of soil.
2, laboratory sampling and measuring: at present can be with the resistivity of testing soil sample and dielectric constant frequency using dielectric spectrometer
Become characteristic, but soil sample is difficult point completely the same with on-site soil tightness, water content etc., and can not also providing soil
Layer situation
Summary of the invention
The application's aims to overcome that the above problem or at least is partially solved or alleviates the above problem.
According to the one aspect of the application, a kind of measurement stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic are provided
Method includes the following steps: S1: in the same interpolar away from the lower voltage and current values obtained under different impact power supplys；S2: root
It calculates in the same interpolar away from lower voltage and current according to the voltage value obtained in step S1 and the current value with frequency
The variation function of rate variation；S3: obtaining voltage and current values of the different interpolars away under, and obtains voltage of the different interpolars away under
The sync waveform of value and current value；S4: by Fourier algorithm decompose to obtain voltage under different frequency, current amplitude and its it
Between phase difference；S5: soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic are calculated.
Optionally, the step S3 includes: to pass through formulaComplex resistivity is calculated, whereinFor stratified soil
Total complex resistivity of earth, ρ are the complex resistivity of every layer of soil, and ω is relative dielectric constant.
Optionally, further includes: S8: the practical computation model of soil texture is obtained by Theory of Electromagnetic Field.
Optionally, further includes: S9: objective function is constructed by measured value and calculated value.
Optionally, further includes: S10: by the soil texture under genetic inverse different frequency, when objective function reaches
When minimum, obtained each soil parameters, and the frequency dependent characteristic of each layer of soil parameters is obtained according to each soil parameters.
According to further aspect of the application, a kind of measurement stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic are provided
System, use method described in above-mentioned any one.
According to further aspect of the application, a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and it is stored in described deposit
In reservoir and the computer program that can be run by the processor, which is characterized in that the processor execution computer journey
Method described in any of the above embodiments is realized when sequence.
According to further aspect of the application, the storage of a kind of computer readable storage medium, preferably non-volatile readable
Medium is stored with computer program, which is characterized in that the computer program realizes above-mentioned when executed by the processor
Method described in one.
According to further aspect of the application, a kind of computer program product, including computer-readable code, feature exist
In causing the computer equipment to execute any of the above-described institute when the computer-readable code is executed by computer equipment
The method stated.
The present invention is based on the principle of equidistant four-electrode method, propose to use method of the impact signal as source.Mainly by adding
Impact signal is carried, measurement is synchronized to voltage, the current value under different spacing, obtains the soil complex resistivity number under complex field
According to, and then obtain the frequency dependent characteristic of stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant.Interpolar away from it is smaller when, most current is from surface layer
The case where soil flows through, and the data measured mainly reflect topsoil, with interpolar away from increasing, more and more electric currents will
Flowed through from deep soil, the data measured will reflect deep soil the case where.
Compared with prior art, the application has the advantages that
1. being by existing using the data that the soil resistivity measurement that the equidistant four-electrode method based on impact signal carries out obtains
What field measurement obtained, result is more accurate.
2. high frequency electric source output power is inadequate, expensive, impact power supply is relatively cheap and impact is big.
3. can analyze the soil texture of layering by the method, it is able to reflect each layer soil resistivity and dielectric
Constant with frequency variation.
4. being not required to and using the data that can disposably obtain different frequency after impact signal progress Fourier transformation
It takes multiple measurements, time of measuring is greatly saved, test more efficient.
According to the accompanying drawings to the detailed description of the specific embodiment of the application, those skilled in the art will be more
Above-mentioned and other purposes, the advantages and features of the application are illustrated.
Detailed description of the invention
Some specific embodiments of the application are described in detail by way of example and not limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings hereinafter.
Identical appended drawing reference denotes same or similar part or part in attached drawing.It should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these
What attached drawing was not necessarily drawn to scale.In attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the equidistant four-electrode method of impact signal in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 2 is the implementation flow chart in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 3 is the computation model of the soil in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 4 is the voltage and current data measured in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 5 a, 5b are soil complex resistivitys in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 6 a, 6b are the frequency dependent characteristics of soil resistivity in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 7 a, 7b are the frequency dependent characteristics of relative dielectric constant in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of computer equipment in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of computer readable storage medium in one embodiment of the application.
Specific embodiment
Please refer to Fig. 1, in one embodiment of the application, the method that measures stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic
Include the following steps: S1: in the same interpolar away from the lower voltage and current values obtained under different impact power supplys；S2: according to step
The voltage value and current value calculating obtained in rapid S1 becomes away from lower voltage and current with frequency in the same interpolar
The variation function of change；S3: obtaining voltage and current values of the different interpolars away under, and obtain voltage value of the different interpolars away under with
The sync waveform of current value；S4: by Fourier algorithm decompose to obtain voltage under different frequency, current amplitude and its between
Phase difference；S5: soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic are calculated.
In one embodiment of the application, the step S3 includes: to pass through formulaComplex resistivity is calculated,
InFor total complex resistivity of stratified soil, ρ is the complex resistivity of every layer of soil, and ω is relative dielectric constant.
In one embodiment of the application, further includes: S8: obtaining the practical calculating mould of soil texture by Theory of Electromagnetic Field
Type.
In one embodiment of the application, further includes: S9: constructing objective function by measured value and calculated value.
In one embodiment of the application, further includes: S10: by the soil texture under genetic inverse different frequency, when
When objective function reaches minimum, obtained each soil parameters, and each layer of soil parameters is obtained according to each soil parameters
Frequency dependent characteristic.
Present invention also provides a kind of system for measuring stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic, use is above-mentioned
Method described in any one.
The wiring diagram of equidistant four-electrode method measurement soil resistivity based on impact signal is as shown in Figure 1.
Two electrodes of A, B are electric current pole, and two electrodes of C, D are voltage pole, if having electric current I injection, with electric current pole A at a distance of x
The current potential at place isIt is expressed as with current potential of the electric current pole B at y When the interpolar of measurement is away from for a
When, the current potential of available voltage pole C point and voltage pole D point is respectively as follows:
Then available voltage value are as follows:
WhereinFor the complex resistivity of soil, mainly obtained by the amplitude and phase difference of voltage and current.
When soil layering is uneven, (4) are obtainedFor soil view in complex resistivity
The purpose of the present invention is the complex resistivity of soil under measurement impact signal, the frequency for then obtaining each soil parameters becomes special
Property, concrete methods of realizing such as Fig. 2, the specific steps are as follows:
First with impact power supply as source, measurement is synchronized to the voltage and current data in route.
It realizes synchro measure: when AC power source is injected into soil by electric current pole, electricity being read simultaneously by oscillograph
Pressure and current data guarantee that power supply effect is primary, just obtain a voltage data and a current data simultaneously.If in this process
Middle power supply excitation changes, then needs in addition to save voltage and current data.
Change interpolar away from, again carry out electric current and voltage data synchro measure, to obtain measurement of the different interpolars away under
Value.
After obtaining the sync waveform of voltage and current, voltage, the electric current under each frequency are obtained using Fourier decomposition
Amplitude and its between phase difference.
Utilizing (4) to calculate under different frequent points and different spacing, soil view is in complex resistivity, so that the view for obtaining soil exists
Resistivity and relative dielectric constant.
The calculation formula of conductivity and conductivity and relative dielectric constant are as follows:
Then the calculation formula of complex resistivity and conductivity and relative dielectric constant are as follows:
5, the computation model of soil texture is established by Theory of Electromagnetic Field.
Referring to figure 3., the ρ in figure1It is exactly first layer soil complex resistivity, ρ2It is exactly second layer soil complex resistivity, with this
Analogize, the Green's function of point electric current source under available complex field are as follows:
Wherein A (λ) and B (λ) is unknown, J0(λ r) is zero Bessel function, is calculated Horizontal Layer Soil
When, if there is n-layer stratified soil, it is corresponding with 2n unknown quantity, and the calculating of unknown quantity can be calculated by boundary condition
It arrives.The boundary condition of each layering are as follows:
(1) when z=0,
(2) when z → ∞, voltage U=0；
(3) normal component of the voltage and current of interface two sides is continuous, z=hiWhen, Ui=Ui+1,
It, can be in the hope of each layer of Green's function in conjunction with formula (7) by above-mentioned boundary condition.
6, objective function is constructed by measured value and calculated value.
Objective function required for being calculated by least square method building:
ρm(aj) indicate when difference interpolar away from the complex resistivity measured under a, ρc(aj) it is different interpolars away from being surveyed under a
The complex resistivity measured.
By the soil texture under genetic algorithm or other optimal method inverting different frequencies, i.e., when objective function reaches
When minimum, obtained each soil parameters.
After obtaining the soil parameters under different frequency, so that it may obtain the frequency dependent characteristic of each layer of soil parameters.
Exemplary application
It chooses certain primary soil surveying to be analyzed, the frequency dependent characteristic to stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant is unfolded
Analysis.Feelings of the experimental wiring illustraton of model as shown in Figure 1, since the interpolar of measurement is away from larger, when herein with interpolar away from for 0.5m
It is illustrated for condition, after impact signal accesses test electrode, obtains corresponding voltage and current signals, as shown in Figure 4.
Change test pole spacing, obtain a series of by voltage and current data, voltage signal and current signal are carried out
Frequency decomposition, the complex resistivity that then can be obtained by each layer of soil by genetic inverse are as shown in Figure 5.5a is first
Layer soil, 5b are second layer soil.
As shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that the amplitude of soil complex resistivity and the size of real part are roughly the same, obtain each layer
After the data of soil complex resistivity, soil resistivity can be obtained by by the formula calculating of complex resistivity and opposite dielectric is normal
The variation with frequency is counted, as shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7.6a, 7a are first layer soil, and 6b, 7b are second layer soil.
From the figure, it can be seen that the resistivity and relative dielectric constant of soil can change with the variation of frequency, herein
In secondary measurement, it can be seen that soil resistivity and relative dielectric constant are the increases with frequency and are gradually reduced, and pass through examination
It is available to test analysis, in practical grounding design, the frequency dependent characteristic by stratified soil parameter is needed to take into account.
Present invention also provides a kind of computer equipment (please referring to Fig. 8), including memory, processor and it is stored in described
In memory and the computer program that can be run by the processor, which is characterized in that the processor execution computer
Method described in any of the above embodiments is realized when program.
Present invention also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium (please referring to Fig. 9), and preferably non-volatile readable is deposited
Storage media is stored with computer program, which is characterized in that the computer program is realized above-mentioned when executed by the processor
Method described in any one.
Present invention also provides a kind of computer program products, including computer-readable code, which is characterized in that when described
When computer-readable code is executed by computer equipment, the computer equipment is caused to execute method described in any of the above embodiments.
The present invention is based on the principle of equidistant four-electrode method, propose to use method of the impact signal as source.Mainly by adding
Impact signal is carried, measurement is synchronized to voltage, the current value under different spacing, obtains the soil complex resistivity number under complex field
According to, and then obtain the frequency dependent characteristic of stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant.Interpolar away from it is smaller when, most current is from surface layer
The case where soil flows through, and the data measured mainly reflect topsoil, with interpolar away from increasing, more and more electric currents will
Flowed through from deep soil, the data measured will reflect deep soil the case where.
Compared with prior art, the application has the advantages that
1. being by existing using the data that the soil resistivity measurement that the equidistant four-electrode method based on impact signal carries out obtains
What field measurement obtained, result is more accurate.
2. high frequency electric source output power is inadequate, expensive, impact power supply is relatively cheap and impact is big.
3. can analyze the soil texture of layering by the method, it is able to reflect each layer soil resistivity and dielectric
Constant with frequency variation.
4. being not required to and using the data that can disposably obtain different frequency after impact signal progress Fourier transformation
It takes multiple measurements, time of measuring is greatly saved, test more efficient.The step of method in the application be although according to
Numerical order number, but it is not meant to that the execution sequence of each step has to carry out according to the sequence of number.Some steps
Between can be the relationship executed side by side, it might even be possible to reverse sequence executes, and belongs to the range of protection required by the application
It is interior.
In the above-described embodiments, can come wholly or partly by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof real
It is existing.When implemented in software, it can entirely or partly realize in the form of a computer program product.The computer program
Product includes one or more computer instructions.When computer loads and executes the computer program instructions, whole or portion
Ground is divided to generate according to process or function described in the embodiment of the present application.The computer can be general purpose computer, dedicated computing
Machine, computer network obtain other programmable devices.The computer instruction can store in computer readable storage medium
In, or from a computer readable storage medium to the transmission of another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer
Instruction can pass through wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, number from a web-site, computer, server or data center
User's line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave etc.) mode to another web-site, computer, server or
Data center is transmitted.The computer readable storage medium can be any usable medium that computer can access or
It is comprising data storage devices such as one or more usable mediums integrated server, data centers.The usable medium can be with
It is magnetic medium, (for example, floppy disk, hard disk, tape), optical medium (for example, DVD) or semiconductor medium (such as solid state hard disk
Solid State Disk (SSD)) etc..
Professional should further appreciate that, described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
Unit and algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, hard in order to clearly demonstrate
The interchangeability of part and software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.
These functions are implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.
Professional technician can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization
It is not considered that exceeding scope of the present application.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that implement the method for the above embodiments be can be with
By program come instruction processing unit completion, the program be can store in computer readable storage medium, and the storage is situated between
Matter is non-transitory (English: non-transitory) medium, such as random access memory, read-only memory, flash
Device, hard disk, solid state hard disk, tape (English: magnetic tape), floppy disk (English: floppy disk), CD (English:
Optical disc) and any combination thereof.
The preferable specific embodiment of the above, only the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited thereto,
Within the technical scope of the present application, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
Should all it cover within the scope of protection of this application.Therefore, the protection scope of the application should be with scope of protection of the claims
Subject to.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method for measuring stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic, which comprises the steps of:
S1: in the same interpolar away from the lower voltage and current values obtained under different impact power supplys；
S2: calculating in the same interpolar according to the voltage value obtained in step S1 and the current value away from lower voltage and
Electric current variation function varying with frequency；
S3: obtaining voltage and current values of the different interpolars away under, and obtains voltage value and current value of the different interpolars away under
Sync waveform；
S4: by Fourier algorithm decompose to obtain voltage under different frequency, current amplitude and its between phase difference；
S5: soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic are calculated.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the step S3 includes:
Pass through formulaComplex resistivity is calculated, whereinFor total complex resistivity of stratified soil, ρ is every layer of soil
Complex resistivity, ω is relative dielectric constant.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized by further comprising:
S8: the practical computation model of soil texture is obtained by Theory of Electromagnetic Field.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by further comprising:
S9: objective function is constructed by measured value and calculated value.
5. according to the method described in claim 4, it is characterized by further comprising:
S10: by the soil texture under genetic inverse different frequency, when objective function reaches minimum, obtained each soil
Earth parameter, and the frequency dependent characteristic of each layer of soil parameters is obtained according to each soil parameters.
6. a kind of system for measuring stratified soil resistivity and dielectric constant frequency dependent characteristic, which is characterized in that wanted using such as right
Seek method described in 1-5 any one.
7. a kind of computer equipment, including memory, processor and storage can be transported in the memory and by the processor
Capable computer program, which is characterized in that the processor is realized when executing the computer program as appointed in claim 1-5
Method described in one.
8. a kind of computer readable storage medium, preferably non-volatile readable storage medium, are stored with computer program,
It is characterized in that, the computer program realizes method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executed by the processor.
9. a kind of computer program product, including computer-readable code, which is characterized in that when the computer-readable code by
When computer equipment executes, the computer equipment perform claim is caused to require method described in any one of 1-3.
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