CN106248053B - Existing Railway Line plane center line production method based on aerial survey mode - Google Patents
Existing Railway Line plane center line production method based on aerial survey mode Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The Existing Railway Line plane center line production method based on aerial survey mode that the invention discloses a kind of, includes the following steps:Interior field data acquisition, interior industry acquisition center line checking and connecting, projecting characteristic points coordinate calculates automatically, characteristic point mileage mutually checks and chooses segmentation adjustment paragraph, the mileage coordinate adjustment that paragraphs and both wired plane center line generation, in the case of the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method of the present invention is under a small amount of field process amount auxiliary, overcome simple the shortcomings that both wired operations are carried out in the way of aerial survey, both wired mean line system based on aerial survey mode in realizing under field operation fusion mode is made, establish the flow that both wired plane center line based on aerial survey mode makes, the precision of this method, format and standard are satisfied by the demand of railway engineering.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Existing Railway Line technical field of mapping, a kind of railway based on aerial survey mode had been related in particular to both
Wired plane center line production method.
Background technology
The main means that aerophotogrammetry technology makes as large-scaled topographical maps, the quick, model with data acquisition
The characteristics of enclosing wide and non-contact ground plays an important role in railway reconnaissance drawing.Increasing in Environment in Railway Engineering Construction
Two wires and electrification innovation work are required for progress, and both wired mapping, content included：Topography mapping, cross section mapping, three are passed through
Logical measure measures with yard, wherein both wired plane mean line system made basis of the work as plane mapping, was exactly both wired mappings
One of the key job to be completed.
Both wired mapping plane center line making is measured and carrier phase difference technology by using artificial mileage of reaching the standard grade at present
(rtk) operation is completed, and this operating type needs operation of manually reaching the standard grade, and security risk is big, and field process amount is big.
The development of digital aerial photographing technology promotes the resolution ratio of aerial stereo images and positioning accuracy to be greatly improved so that is based on
Aerial survey mode is completed certain both wired mapping operations and is possibly realized, but this simple dependence aerial survey mode is completed in both wired planes
The method that line makes has following disadvantage：(1) the error distribution manually acquired has uncertainty；(2) three-dimensional manually acquired
Center line can not carry out projection correction and change the mileage difference in length brought to eliminate elevation；(3) can not ensure Aerial survey precision with it is outer
Effective unification of industry measured precision；(4) at present both at home and abroad without carrying out the rule that both wired plane center line makes using Aerial Surveying Technology
Model flow, operation scheme.(5) how effectively to realize interior field operation data fusion application, efficiently reach mutually checking for interior field data
To reject the purpose of error information, it is still to be solved to improve industry treatment effeciency in current.
The existing method that Existing Railway Line plane making is carried out in the way of aerial survey is in Improvement and development.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Existing Railway Line planes based on aerial survey mode
Center line production method.
The present invention's is achieved by following technical proposals.
A kind of Existing Railway Line plane center line production method based on aerial survey mode, includes the following steps：
S1, interior field data acquisition；
S1-1, characteristic point field operation mileage measures；
Mileage is carried out by tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade to measure, and obtains characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage value and planning it is disconnected
Chain mileage value, wherein the characteristic point is can the three-dimensional atural object identified in aerial survey digital image stereogram；
S1-2, photogrammetric office work acquisition both wired center line and characteristic point；
Aerial survey digital image stereogram is obtained by aerial survey, it is vertical to the aerial survey digital image according to aerial triangulation
Body image is to carrying out interpretation：
In the both wired of straightway, according to 15~25 on this section both rail top of wired left rail and the rail top of right rail
The interval of rice acquires line of vector, in being taken to the line of vector, to obtain both wired vector center line of straightway；
In the both wired of curved section, vector is acquired according to 3~8 meters of interval on the rail top of this section both wired outer rail
Line obtains both wired vector center line of curved section by each line of vector on outer rail respectively to both wired centerline projections；
In the aerial survey digital image stereogram, pass through S1-1Described in characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage value with
And planar line position data, determine the plane coordinates of simultaneously acquisition characteristics point；
S2, interior industry acquisition center line checking and connecting；
S2-1, center line " being folded to redundancy " checks；
Determine the error dot of one section of vector center line：On a vector center line, calculate separately n-th it is oblique with (n-1)th point
Rate obtains slope value K successively2、……Ki-1、Ki, wherein n=2,3 ... i, i are the number put on the vector center line；It is logical
The difference that formula (1) calculates separately the slope value is crossed, obtains L successively3、L4、……Li-1、Li：
Lm=| Km-Km-1|, m=3,4 ... i (1)
Given threshold, such as LmMore than the threshold value, then LmThe corresponding m-th point error for this section of vector center line
Point；
The error dot of every section of vector center line is determined respectively, and deletes the error dot, obtains multistage optimization vector center line：
S2-2, automatic batch of connection；
According to the start-stop coordinate for optimizing vector center line described in every section, the order of connection of the optimization vector center line is determined；It is right
The plane coordinates of each two adjacent optimization vector center line endpoint close to each other carries out adjustment fitting, to realize that adjacent optimization is sweared
The edge fit processing for measuring center line, obtains line vector in an entirety；
S2-3, coordinate discretization；
According to the sequence towards big mileage value direction, the plane coordinates of all the points on line vector in the entirety is extracted；
S3, projecting characteristic points coordinate calculates automatically
According to S2-3The plane coordinates and S of the point1-2The relationship of the plane coordinates of the characteristic point, successively described in judgement
In characteristic point and the entirety line vector take up an official post meaning it is 2 points adjacent constructed by triangle characteristic：Characteristic point is crossed into the entirety
Line vector projects, and projecting characteristic points are obtained on line vector in the entirety；S projecting characteristic points are obtained by the cosine law
Plane coordinates and any two projecting characteristic points between length；
S4, characteristic point mileage, which is mutually checked and chosen, is segmented adjustment paragraph；
Establish characteristic point AηWith characteristic point Aη+θError assessment index P (Aη,Aη+θ)：
Establish characteristic point AηError overall performane P (Aη)：
Wherein, η and θ is positive integer, η=1,2,3 ... s, θ=s- η, s- η -1 ... 0；SAcquisition(Aη,Aη+θ) it is to navigate
It surveys in digital image stereogram and collects AηProjecting characteristic points and Aη+θLength between projecting characteristic points, SIt measures(Aη,Aη+θ) be
By reaching the standard grade, tape measuring mode measures to obtain AηProjecting characteristic points and Aη+θLength between projecting characteristic points；
It calculates the error assessment index of each two characteristic point and calculates the error overall performane of each characteristic point, according to described
The distribution situation of error assessment index and error overall performane rejects the characteristic point of information errors, N number of preferred feature is obtained after rejecting
Point；The preferred feature is pressed into mileage value from being as low as ranked up greatly, 2 adjacent preferred feature points are divided into one
Group, every group of formation one are segmented adjustment paragraph, and N number of preferred feature point forms N/2 sections of segmentation adjustment paragraphs；
S5, paragraph mileage coordinate adjustment；
The error assessment index of two preferred feature points of every section of segmentation adjustment paragraph is allocated according to formula (4),
Obtain adjusted value；
According to segmentation adjustment paragraph, adjusted value and planning chain rupture mileage value, pile No. mileage value and plane coordinates are established
Relational model：
Wherein, LcFor pile No. mileage value, (x, y) is plane coordinates, and H (x, y) is in aerial survey digital image stereogram
The mileage value of plane coordinates (x, y) is collected, D is the planning chain rupture mileage value of segmentation adjustment paragraph where plane coordinates (x, y)；
P is the adjusted value of segmentation adjustment paragraph where plane coordinates (x, y)；
S6, both wired plane center line generations；
The pile No. mileage value is substituted into the relationship described in formula (5) by the pile No. mileage value obtained by center line pile No. table
Model is calculated the plane coordinates of the corresponding pile No. of each segmentation adjustment paragraph, the corresponding plane coordinates of all pile No. is connected
It is connected together, forms both wired plane center lines.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the S1-1In, the left rail to close this feature point or right iron by projecting characteristic points
Rail obtains projecting characteristic points, by reach the standard grade tape measuring mode to where projecting characteristic points left rail or right rail carry out in
Journey is measured, and the mileage value of the projecting characteristic points is obtained.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the S1-1In, mileage is carried out by field operation operating personnel tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade
It measures.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the S1-1In, the characteristic point is grade post, culvert center and station centre.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the S1-2In, in the aerial survey digital image stereogram, pass through S1-1Middle institute
State characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage value and planar line position data, determined by position association analysis and acquisition characteristics points
Plane coordinates.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in the S2-1In, the threshold value is 1/30~1/60.
In the case of the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method of the present invention is under a small amount of field process amount auxiliary, overcome
Carried out in the way of aerial survey the shortcomings that both wired operations merely, realize under field operation fusion mode based on the existing of aerial survey mode
Line center line makes, and establishes the flow that both wired plane center line based on aerial survey mode makes, the precision, format and standard of this method
It is satisfied by the demand of railway engineering.
Specific implementation mode
A kind of Existing Railway Line plane center line production method based on aerial survey mode of the present invention is carried out specifically below
It is bright, include the following steps：
S1, interior field data acquisition；
S1-1, characteristic point field operation mileage measures；
It carries out mileage by field operation operating personnel tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade and measures, obtain characteristic point A1、A2……AsIn
Journey value and planning chain rupture mileage value, wherein characteristic point be in aerial survey digital image stereogram can three-dimensional identification atural object, can be with
For grade post, culvert center and station centre.The measurement method of the mileage value of characteristic point is：By projecting characteristic points to close to the spy
The left rail of point or right rail are levied, projecting characteristic points are obtained, by tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade to the left side where projecting characteristic points
Rail or right rail carry out mileage and measure, and obtain the mileage value of projecting characteristic points.
S1-2, photogrammetric office work acquisition both wired center line and characteristic point；
Aerial survey digital image stereogram is obtained by aerial survey, according to aerial triangulation to aerial survey digital image space image
To carrying out interpretation：
In the both wired of straightway, according to 20 meters on this section both rail top of wired left rail and the rail top of right rail
Interval acquisition line of vector, in being taken to line of vector, to obtain both wired vector center line of straightway；
In the both wired of curved section, line of vector is acquired according to 5 meters of interval on the rail top of this section both wired outer rail, it will
Each line of vector obtains both wired vector center line of curved section respectively to both wired centerline projections on outer rail；
In aerial survey digital image stereogram, pass through S1-1Middle characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage value and planar line
Position data, the plane coordinates of simultaneously acquisition characteristics point is determined by position association analysis.
S2, interior industry acquisition center line checking and connecting；
S2-1, center line " being folded to redundancy " checks；
Determine the error dot of vector center line：On one section of vector center line, the slope of n-th and (n-1)th point is calculated separately,
Slope value K is obtained successively2、……Ki-1、Ki, wherein n=2,3 ... i, i are the number put on vector center line；Pass through formula
(1) difference for calculating separately slope value, obtains L successively3、L4、……Li-1、Li：
Lm=| Km-Km-1|, m=3,4 ... i (1)
Given threshold 1/20, such as LmMore than threshold value, then LmThe corresponding m-th point error dot for this section of vector center line；
The error dot for determining every section of vector center line respectively, to judge whether to be folded in gatherer process, deviate equal error,
And the error dot is deleted, obtain multistage optimization vector center line：
S2-2, automatic batch of connection；
According to the start-stop coordinate of every section of optimization vector center line, the order of connection of optimization vector center line is determined；To each two phase
The plane coordinates of adjacent optimization vector center line endpoint close to each other carries out adjustment fitting, to realize adjacent optimization vector center line
Edge fit processing, obtains line vector in an entirety；
S2-3, coordinate discretization；
According to the sequence towards big mileage value direction, the plane coordinates of all the points on line vector in entirety is extracted；
S3, projecting characteristic points coordinate calculates automatically；
According to S2-3The plane coordinates and S of the point1-2The relationship of the plane coordinates of the characteristic point, successively judging characteristic
Put the triangle characteristics for the adjacent 2 points of structures of meaning of taking up an official post with line vector in entirety：Characteristic point line vector into entirety is crossed to project,
In the entirety projecting characteristic points are obtained on line vector；The plane coordinates that s projecting characteristic points are obtained by the cosine law (hangs down
Foot) and any two projecting characteristic points between length；
S4, characteristic point mileage, which is mutually checked and chosen, is segmented adjustment paragraph；
Establish characteristic point AηWith characteristic point Aη+θError assessment index P (Aη,Aη+θ)：
Establish characteristic point AηError overall performane P (Aη)：
Wherein, η and θ is positive integer, η=1,2,3 ... s, θ=s- η, s- η -1 ... 0；SAcquisition(Aη,Aη+θ) it is to navigate
It surveys in digital image stereogram and collects AηProjecting characteristic points and Aη+θLength between projecting characteristic points, SIt measures(Aη,Aη+θ) be
By reaching the standard grade, tape measuring mode measures to obtain AηProjecting characteristic points and Aη+θLength between projecting characteristic points；Error assessment refers to
Target is defined as every kilometer of SIt measures(Aη,Aη+θ) and SAcquisition(Aη,Aη+θ) difference.
It calculates the error assessment index of each two characteristic point and calculates the error overall performane of each characteristic point, according to error
The distribution situation of evaluation index and error overall performane rejects the characteristic point of information errors.Reject the side of the characteristic point of information errors
Method is：One one-dimensional coordinate, the numerical value of the one-dimensional coordinate Representative errors evaluation index/error overall performane, by error assessment are set
Index/error overall performane is plotted in dots on the one-dimensional coordinate, forms error assessment index point set/error overall performane point
Collection；It is concentrated in error assessment index point set/error overall performane point, by position far from error assessment index point set/error overall performane
Point concentrates the error assessment index/error overall performane largely put to reject, that is, rejects numerical value and be much greater or much less than error
The error assessment index of evaluation index/error overall performane/error overall performane collection.
N number of preferred feature point is obtained after rejecting；Preferred feature is pressed into mileage value from being as low as ranked up greatly, by 2 phases
Adjacent preferred feature point is divided into one group, and every group of formation one is segmented adjustment paragraph, and N number of preferred feature point forms N/2 sections of segmentation adjustments
Paragraph；
S5, the mileage coordinate adjustment that paragraphs (seeks adjusted value and opening relationships model)；
The error assessment index of two preferred feature points of every section of segmentation adjustment paragraph is allocated according to formula (4),
Obtain adjusted value；
According to segmentation adjustment paragraph, adjusted value and planning chain rupture mileage value, pile No. mileage value and plane coordinates are established
Relational model：
Wherein, LcFor pile No. mileage value, (x, y) is plane coordinates, and H (x, y) is in aerial survey digital image stereogram
The mileage value of plane coordinates (x, y) is collected, D is the planning chain rupture mileage value of segmentation adjustment paragraph where plane coordinates (x, y)
(planning chain rupture mileage value passes through S1-1It acquires)；P is the adjusted value of segmentation adjustment paragraph where plane coordinates (x, y)；
S6, both wired plane center line generations；
The pile No. mileage value is substituted into the relationship described in formula (5) by the pile No. mileage value obtained by center line pile No. table
Model is calculated the plane coordinates of the corresponding pile No. of each segmentation adjustment paragraph, the corresponding plane coordinates of all pile No. is connected
It is connected together, forms both wired plane center lines.
Illustrative description has been done to the present invention above, it should explanation, the case where not departing from core of the invention
Under, any simple deformation, modification or other skilled in the art can not spend the equivalent replacement of creative work equal
Fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Existing Railway Line plane center line production method based on aerial survey mode, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
S1, interior field data acquisition；
S1-1, characteristic point field operation mileage measures；
Mileage is carried out by tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade to measure, and obtains characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage value and planning chain rupture in
Journey value, wherein the characteristic point is can the three-dimensional atural object identified in aerial survey digital image stereogram；
S1-2, photogrammetric office work acquisition both wired center line and characteristic point；
Aerial survey digital image stereogram is obtained by aerial survey, according to aerial triangulation to the aerial survey digital image space image
To carrying out interpretation：
In the both wired of straightway, according to 15~25 meters on this section both rail top of wired left rail and the rail top of right rail
Interval acquisition line of vector, in being taken to the line of vector, to obtain both wired vector center line of straightway；
In the both wired of curved section, line of vector is acquired according to 3~8 meters of interval on the rail top of this section both wired outer rail, it will
Each line of vector obtains both wired vector center line of curved section respectively to both wired centerline projections on outer rail；
In the aerial survey digital image stereogram, pass through S1-1Described in characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage value and flat
Upper thread position data determines the plane coordinates of simultaneously acquisition characteristics point；
S2, interior industry acquisition center line checking and connecting；
S2-1, center line " being folded to redundancy " checks；
Determine the error dot of one section of vector center line：On a vector center line, the slope of n-th and (n-1)th point is calculated separately, according to
It is secondary to obtain slope value K2、……Ki-1、Ki, wherein n=2,3 ... i, i are the number put on the vector center line；Pass through formula
(1) difference for calculating separately the slope value, obtains L successively3、L4、……Li-1、Li：
Lm=| Km-Km-1|, m=3,4 ... i (1)
Given threshold, such as LmMore than the threshold value, then LmThe corresponding m-th point error dot for this section of vector center line；
The error dot of every section of vector center line is determined respectively, and deletes the error dot, obtains multistage optimization vector center line：
S2-2, automatic batch of connection；
According to the start-stop coordinate for optimizing vector center line described in every section, the order of connection of the optimization vector center line is determined；To every two
The plane coordinates of a adjacent optimization vector center line endpoint close to each other carries out adjustment fitting, to realize in adjacent optimization vector
The edge fit of line is handled, and obtains line vector in an entirety；
S2-3, coordinate discretization；
According to the sequence towards big mileage value direction, the plane coordinates of all the points on line vector in the entirety is extracted；
S3, projecting characteristic points coordinate calculates automatically；
According to S2-3The plane coordinates and S of the point1-2The relationship of the plane coordinates of the characteristic point judges the feature successively
Point is taken up an official post the characteristic of adjacent triangle constructed by 2 points of anticipating with line vector in the entirety：Characteristic point is crossed to swear to the whole center line
Amount projects, and projecting characteristic points are obtained on line vector in the entirety；The flat of s projecting characteristic points is obtained by the cosine law
Length between areal coordinate and any two projecting characteristic points；
S4, characteristic point mileage, which is mutually checked and chosen, is segmented adjustment paragraph；
Establish characteristic point AηWith characteristic point Aη+θError assessment index P (Aη,Aη+θ)：
Establish characteristic point AηError overall performane P (Aη)：
Wherein, η and θ is positive integer, η=1,2,3 ... s, θ=s- η, s- η -1 ... 0；SAcquisition(Aη,Aη+θ) it is in aerial survey number
Code view stereoscopic picture is to above collecting AηProjecting characteristic points and Aη+θLength between projecting characteristic points, SIt measures(Aη,Aη+θ) it is to pass through
Tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade measures to obtain AηProjecting characteristic points and Aη+θLength between projecting characteristic points；
It calculates the error assessment index of each two characteristic point and calculates the error overall performane of each characteristic point, according to the error
The distribution situation of evaluation index and error overall performane rejects the characteristic point of information errors, N number of preferred feature point is obtained after rejecting；
The preferred feature is pressed into mileage value from being as low as ranked up greatly, 2 adjacent preferred feature points are divided into one group, often
Group forms a segmentation adjustment paragraph, and N number of preferred feature point forms N/2 sections of segmentation adjustment paragraphs；
S5, paragraph mileage coordinate adjustment；
The error assessment index of two preferred feature points of every section of segmentation adjustment paragraph is allocated according to formula (4), is obtained
Adjusted value；
According to segmentation adjustment paragraph, adjusted value and planning chain rupture mileage value, pile No. mileage value and the relationship of plane coordinates are established
Model：
Wherein, LcFor pile No. mileage value, (x, y) is plane coordinates, and H (x, y) is to be collected in aerial survey digital image stereogram
The mileage value of plane coordinates (x, y), D are the planning chain rupture mileage value of segmentation adjustment paragraph where plane coordinates (x, y)；P is flat
The adjusted value of segmentation adjustment paragraph where areal coordinate (x, y)；
S6, both wired plane center line generations；
The pile No. mileage value is substituted into the relational model described in formula (5) by the pile No. mileage value obtained by center line pile No. table,
The plane coordinates of the corresponding pile No. of each segmentation adjustment paragraph is calculated, the corresponding plane coordinates of all pile No. is connected to one
It rises, forms both wired plane center lines.
2. the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method according to claim 1 based on aerial survey mode, which is characterized in that
In the S1-1In, by projecting characteristic points, the left rail to close this feature point or right rail, obtain projecting characteristic points, by upper
Line tape measuring mode to where projecting characteristic points left rail or right rail carry out mileage measure, obtain the projecting characteristic points
Mileage value.
3. the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method according to claim 1 based on aerial survey mode, which is characterized in that
In the S1-1In, it carries out mileage by field operation operating personnel tape measuring mode of reaching the standard grade and measures.
4. the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method according to claim 1 based on aerial survey mode, which is characterized in that
In the S1-1In, the characteristic point is grade post, culvert center and station centre.
5. the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method according to claim 1 based on aerial survey mode, which is characterized in that
In the S1-2In, in the aerial survey digital image stereogram, pass through S1-1Described in characteristic point A1、A2……AsMileage
Value and planar line position data determine the plane coordinates of simultaneously acquisition characteristics point by position association analysis.
6. the Existing Railway Line plane center line production method according to claim 1 based on aerial survey mode, which is characterized in that
In the S2-1In, the threshold value is 1/30~1/60.
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| CN112414429B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2023-03-31 | 包头市绘宇测绘服务有限责任公司 | Railway mileage measurement method |
| CN113155098B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-08-09 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Existing railway track line high-precision three-dimensional reconstruction method based on unmanned aerial vehicle multi-view images |
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| CN105648862A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2016-06-08 | 中国航空工业第六八研究所 | Track centre line coordinate dynamic continuous detection method |
| CN104931022A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2015-09-23 | 国家测绘地理信息局卫星测绘应用中心 | Satellite image three-dimensional area network adjustment method based on satellite-borne laser height measurement data |
| CN105844995A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-08-10 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Railway line operation and maintenance measuring method based on vehicle-mounted LiDAR technology |
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