CN106246400B - A kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer - Google Patents
A kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer Download PDFInfo
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- CN106246400B CN106246400B CN201610843807.0A CN201610843807A CN106246400B CN 106246400 B CN106246400 B CN 106246400B CN 201610843807 A CN201610843807 A CN 201610843807A CN 106246400 B CN106246400 B CN 106246400B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- carbon fiber
- piston ring
- composite bed
- metallic layers
- layer
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910017767 Cu—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J9/00—Piston-rings, e.g. non-metallic piston-rings, seats therefor; Ring sealings of similar construction
- F16J9/12—Details
- F16J9/20—Rings with special cross-section; Oil-scraping rings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/302—Conductive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of engine piston rings of carbon fiber-containing composite layer, including piston ring body, one layer of carbon fiber composite bed is wrapped up in piston ring body, carbon fiber composite bed includes porous metallic layers and carbon fiber layer, carbon fiber composite bed is seamlessly connected by way of extruding with piston ring, and the surface of porous metallic layers is not in contact with cylinder.After carbon fiber composite bed and piston ring body are combined closely, the series of problems for the uneven load and uneven heat that are generated by the abnormal work of engine of having dissipated, and then extend the reaction time that piston ring changes heat and load unusual fluctuation, reduce thermal stress and deformation tendency, the effect for playing pressure stabilizing and steady heat, finally extends the duty cycle of piston ring;Carbon fiber layer can act synergistically with porous metallic layers due to having many advantages, such as high-intensitive, high-modulus, so that carbon fiber composite bed is preferably played the effect of pressure stabilizing and steady heat, effectively improve the structural stability and safety of piston ring.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engine piston part field, in particular to a kind of engine piston of carbon fiber-containing composite layer
Ring.
Background technique
With extending the automobile engine service life and improving the market demands of fuel efficiency, to living used in engine
Plug ring proposes the requirement that width is small and light-weight, low-tension and friction loss are small.Piston ring is installed on piston, for real
The smooth reciprocating motion of piston in existing cylinder, and the burning gases of high temperature are sealed.The work of piston ring is installed
Plug makes to form combustion chamber in cylinder, so that blast pressure caused by the burning of the indoor fuel of the burning is converted into the rotation of crankshaft
Turn.It is therefore desirable to which the piston ring for being installed on piston has the blast impulse being able to bear in the combustion chamber, and can be for a long time
The function of ground, the steadily burning gases of sealing high temperature.
The form of piston ring initial failure, which is broadly divided into, is biased to abrasion, inordinate wear, working face scratch, fracture, viscous ring etc. 5
Seed type, in fracture failure form, major influence factors are that engine operation is unstable and fitness is inaccurate, abrasion side
Formula and mounting means are incorrect, oil ring end face is uneven or uneven thickness, these influence factors all can cause piston ring working
It is easy to happen early fracture in the process, and then causes engine operation abnormal, for example, when the pistons work of engine, it is living
Plug ring bears uneven thermal shock power, the mechanical vibration force of cylinder and the transient heat flow from cylinder from cylinder, piston ring
On generate thermal stress and deformation tendency due to uneven load and uneven heat (uneven heat cause piston ring part mistake
Thermal region thermal expansion coefficient and peripheral region are inconsistent), especially in motor instant abnormal work, that is, generate instantaneous overload
When with instantaneous overheat, thermal stress becomes larger, and deformation tendency, which is further development of, makes piston ring that faint deformation occur, in this permanent worker
Make under environment, causes piston ring to be broken because of deformation or heel and toe wear, thus make piston ring premature failure.These
Although problem probability of happening is smaller, influence less, still there is the security risk of engine, since these problems do not obtain
To enough attention, the structural stability of existing piston ring and safety are not ideal, and the duty cycle is all not as good as expected.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is: in view of the above problems, providing a kind of starting for carbon fiber-containing composite layer
Machine piston ring effectively improves the duty cycle of piston ring, as much as possible by improving the structural stability and safety of piston ring
Reduce piston ring bring security risk.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer, including piston ring
Ontology wraps up one layer of carbon fiber composite bed in piston ring body, and carbon fiber composite bed includes porous metallic layers and carbon fiber layer, carbon
Fiber composite is seamlessly connected by way of extruding with piston ring, and the surface of porous metallic layers is not in contact with cylinder.
Due to the setting of above structure, after carbon fiber composite bed and piston ring body are combined closely, uneven heat and not
Uniform load is first transferred to carbon fiber composite bed, and carbon fiber composite bed is while transmitting heat, the porous gold that has due to it
Belong to layer structure, the variation of heat and load is after the absorption of porous metallic layers structure, it will with small change or unchanged table
Reveal and, the series of problems of the dissipated uneven load and uneven heat that are generated by the abnormal work of engine, in turn
The reaction time that piston ring changes heat and load unusual fluctuation is extended, thermal stress and deformation tendency is reduced, plays pressure stabilizing
With the effect of steady heat, the duty cycle of piston ring is finally extended;Carbon fiber layer due to having many advantages, such as high-intensitive, high-modulus,
It can act synergistically with porous metallic layers, so that carbon fiber composite bed is preferably played the effect of pressure stabilizing and steady heat, have
Improve to effect the structural stability and safety of piston ring;Simultaneously as porous metallic layers are not wear-resisting and intensity is relatively low,
Therefore the surfaces of porous metallic layers cannot be in contact with cylinder, to prevent the metal layers that go into operation from largely wearing more, carbon fiber due to
With good wearability and thermal conductivity, dissipating for piston ring can not be influenced while protecting porous metallic layers from abrasion
Heat improves the conformability of carbon fiber composite board.
Further, porous metallic layers are made of several porous metals paillons.
Preferably, metal polyporous material of the porous metals paillon by Cu-Al solid solution by matrix phase is made, with a thickness of
0.1-0.3mm, porosity 60-65%.
Further, above-mentioned Cu-Al solid solution be matrix phase porous metals paillon preparation method the following steps are included:
Cu powder and Al powder are that 4:6 is uniformly mixed to form mixture by step 1 in mass ratio, are then in mass ratio 1:26
It adds mixture into the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and PVB binder, wherein ethyl alcohol, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and PVB binder
Mass ratio be 50:3:1, be uniformly mixed, obtain suspension;
Step 2, by the die cavity of suspension injection moulding mold, drying after forming forms diaphragm;
Diaphragm is packed into the sintering die cavity to match with the diaphragm shape by step 3, and diaphragm is taken out after heat-agglomerating is
?.
Further, porous metallic layers and carbon fiber board form carbon fiber composite bed, carbon fiber by way of compression moulding
Composite layer is wrapped in piston ring body, and is seamlessly connected by way of extruding with piston ring.
Preferably, reducing influence of the adding layers to piston ring to keep the original basic performance of piston ring, carbon fiber is multiple
Close layer with a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm, preferably 0.8mm.
Further preferably, for guarantee carbon fiber composite bed have above-mentioned effect, porous metallic layers with a thickness of 0.2-
0.6mm。
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, after carbon fiber composite bed and piston ring body are combined closely, having dissipated is generated because of the abnormal work of engine
The series of problems of uneven load and uneven heat, and then when extending the reaction that piston ring changes heat and load unusual fluctuation
Between, thermal stress and deformation tendency are reduced, the effect of pressure stabilizing and steady heat is played, finally extends the duty cycle of piston ring;
2, carbon fiber layer can act synergistically with porous metallic layers, make due to having many advantages, such as high-intensitive, high-modulus
Carbon fiber composite bed can preferably play the effect of pressure stabilizing and steady heat, effectively improve the structural stability and peace of piston ring
Quan Xing;Simultaneously as carbon fiber has good wearability and thermal conductivity, porous metallic layers can protected from the same of abrasion
When, making carbon fiber composite bed not influences the heat dissipation performance of piston ring, improves the adaptability of carbon fiber composite board.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that cross sectional portion structure when a kind of piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer of the invention is mounted on piston is shown
It is intended to;
Fig. 2 is carbon fiber composite bed structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Marked in the figure: 1 is piston ring body, 201 be porous metallic layers, and 202 be carbon fiber layer, and 3 be piston, and 4 be cylinder.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer, including piston ring body 1, piston
One layer of carbon fiber composite bed 2 is wrapped up in ring body, carbon fiber composite bed 2 includes porous metallic layers 201 and carbon fiber layer 202, carbon
Fiber composite 2 is seamlessly connected by way of extruding with piston ring body 1, and the surface of porous metallic layers 201 is not sent out with cylinder 4
Raw contact, as shown in Figure 1, piston ring is mounted in the annular chamber of piston 3, carbon fiber layer is contacted with cylinder 4, to prevent cylinder 4
Porous metallic layers 201 are worn with piston 3.
Furthermore, porous metallic layers 201 are made of several porous metals paillons.
Preferably, metal polyporous material of the porous metals paillon by Cu-Al solid solution by matrix phase is made, with a thickness of
0.1-0.3mm, porosity 60-65%.
Further, above-mentioned Cu-Al solid solution be matrix phase porous metals paillon preparation method the following steps are included:
Cu powder and Al powder are that 4:6 is uniformly mixed to form mixture by step 1 in mass ratio, are then in mass ratio 1:26
It adds mixture into the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and PVB binder, wherein ethyl alcohol, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and PVB binder
Mass ratio be 50:3:1, be uniformly mixed, obtain suspension;
Step 2, by the die cavity of suspension injection moulding mold, drying after forming forms diaphragm;
Diaphragm is packed into the sintering die cavity to match with the diaphragm shape by step 3, and sintering temperature is risen to 580 DEG C, is protected
Warm 30min, then 1150 DEG C are warming up to, it keeps the temperature 90min, then furnace cooling to room temperature, finally takes out diaphragm to obtain the final product.
Furthermore, as shown in Fig. 2, porous metallic layers 201 and carbon fiber board are formed by way of compression moulding
Carbon fiber composite bed 2, carbon fiber composite bed 2 are wrapped in piston ring body 1, and by way of extruding with the seamless company of piston ring
It connects.
It is preferably carried out mode as one kind, to keep the original basic performance of piston ring, reduces adding layers to piston ring
Influence, carbon fiber composite bed with a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm, preferably 0.8mm.
It is preferably carried out mode as one kind, to guarantee that carbon fiber composite bed has above-mentioned effect, the thickness of porous metallic layers
Degree is 0.2-0.6mm, preferably 0.4mm.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer, including piston ring body, which is characterized in that in piston ring body
Wrap up one layer of carbon fiber composite bed, carbon fiber composite bed includes porous metallic layers and carbon fiber layer, porous metallic layers and carbon fiber
Plate forms carbon fiber composite bed by way of compression moulding, and carbon fiber composite bed is wrapped in piston ring body, and by squeezing
The mode and piston ring of pressure are seamlessly connected, and the surface of porous metallic layers is not in contact with cylinder;Porous metallic layers are by several more
Mesoporous metal paillon is constituted, the preparation method of porous metals paillon the following steps are included:
Cu powder and Al powder are that 4:6 is uniformly mixed to form mixture by step 1 in mass ratio, then will be mixed for 1:26 in mass ratio
It closes material to be added in the mixed solution of ethyl alcohol, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and PVB binder, wherein the matter of ethyl alcohol, ammonium hydrogen carbonate and PVB binder
Amount is uniformly mixed than being 50:3:1, obtains suspension;
Step 2, by the die cavity of suspension injection moulding mold, drying after forming forms diaphragm;
Diaphragm is packed into the sintering die cavity to match with the diaphragm shape by step 3, takes out diaphragm after heat-agglomerating to obtain the final product.
2. the engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that porous metals paillon by
Cu-Al solid solution is made of the metal polyporous material of matrix phase, with a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm, porosity 60-65%.
3. the engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that carbon fiber is compound
Layer with a thickness of 0.5-1.5mm.
4. the engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that porous metallic layers
With a thickness of 0.2-0.6mm.
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CN201610843807.0A CN106246400B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | A kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer |
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CN201610843807.0A CN106246400B (en) | 2016-09-23 | 2016-09-23 | A kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite layer |
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CN106246400B true CN106246400B (en) | 2019-08-06 |
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CN108242530B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2022-02-22 | 北京好风光储能技术有限公司 | Lithium slurry battery and negative plate thereof |
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GB2241993B (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1994-10-05 | Daido Metal Co | Bearings |
JP2002327750A (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-15 | Ntn Corp | Multi-layered bearing |
CN102678798A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏安捷汽车配件有限公司 | Manufacture method of automobile brake pad |
CN202719131U (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-02-06 | 中山市亚泰机械实业有限公司 | Piston elastic sealing ring and piston mechanism |
CN103267166A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-28 | 中亚阀门有限公司 | Piston-type zero leakage gate valve |
CN206256971U (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-06-16 | 丁仰阳 | A kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite bed |
-
2016
- 2016-09-23 CN CN201610843807.0A patent/CN106246400B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB2241993B (en) * | 1990-02-27 | 1994-10-05 | Daido Metal Co | Bearings |
JP2002327750A (en) * | 2001-04-27 | 2002-11-15 | Ntn Corp | Multi-layered bearing |
CN102678798A (en) * | 2012-04-13 | 2012-09-19 | 江苏安捷汽车配件有限公司 | Manufacture method of automobile brake pad |
CN202719131U (en) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-02-06 | 中山市亚泰机械实业有限公司 | Piston elastic sealing ring and piston mechanism |
CN103267166A (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2013-08-28 | 中亚阀门有限公司 | Piston-type zero leakage gate valve |
CN206256971U (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2017-06-16 | 丁仰阳 | A kind of engine piston ring of carbon fiber-containing composite bed |
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Effective date of registration: 20190711 Address after: 314205 No. 1 Cangqing Road, Xincang Town, Pinghu City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Applicant after: Zhejiang Huanyu Auto Fittings Co., Ltd. Address before: 610000 Wuhou District Wuhou new town administrative committee, Chengdu, Sichuan, 2 Wuyi East Road 15, 1 units, 2 level 231. Applicant before: CHENGDU JIUSHIDU INDUSTRIAL PRODUCT DESIGN CO., LTD. |
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