CN106244309A - 一种双连续型防锈乳液及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种双连续型防锈乳液及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种双连续型防锈乳液及其制备方法,该乳液由蜡、基础油、防锈剂、乳化剂、助乳化剂、水组成。本发明双连续性防锈乳液,具有比较低的成膜温度,在常温下施工在较短时间内即干燥形成连续的疏水性油膜,该油膜在水挥发完成后可立即疏水,最后形成的蜡膜后附着力强、防锈性好,常温下不可再分散或乳化于水中,能够达到盐雾实验要求240小时以上,可以应用于长期封存需要。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种防锈材料,具体涉及一种可广泛应用于金属器件、工件、设备等表面的长期封存防锈保护的双连续型防锈乳液及其制备方法。
背景技术
在现有技术中,纯油剂或纯油剂组合物在金属防腐蚀领域已经存在很长时间,这类组合物一般都含有可挥发的有机溶剂,施工和储存过程中极易发生火灾,污染环境,影响人体健康。
目前,适合做防锈材料的乳液一般均为O/W型,水基型防锈乳液具有贮存稳定、气味小、施工方便、渗透性好、无VOC排放问题等优点。
授权公告号为CN 1197927C的发明专利具体公开了一种水基金属防锈保护剂,由蜡类物质、防锈剂、吸附剂、表面活性剂等组成,该乳化液应用于金属板、带、箔制品的短期封存防锈保护,该体系应用于临时性防护,防护时间只能达到3~7小时。
专利号为200410050786.4的发明专利具体公开了一种水基防锈保护蜡剂及其制备方法,防锈保护蜡剂是由蜡、树脂、助剂、乳化剂、防腐剂和水制成的乳液,该蜡剂适用于汽车、拖拉机底盘,农用机械及机械配件漆面的保护处理,该蜡剂直接喷涂在金属表面进行保护,不能达到长期封存效果。
上述乳化形成的防锈乳液存在以下几个重要的缺点(非高分子成膜类型乳液):
(1)疏水性活性成分必须存在于油相中,由于乳化剂会在被乳化的油珠表面形成同电排斥,难以形成连续的隔离保护膜;
(2)乳化剂的存在会引起保护膜在遇到水汽后泛白、重新分散乳化从而引 起防护失败;
(3)水基型的防锈乳液,很难通过苛刻的盐雾实验;尤其是封存型产品,按SH/T0081进行盐雾实验通常要求240小时以上。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的不足,提供一种具有优异的铺展性、成膜性、水置换性和长期封存防锈性能的双连续型防锈乳液及其制备方法。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采取的一种技术方案是:
一种双连续型防锈乳液,按重量百分比计由下列组分组成:
优选地,本发明双连续型防锈乳液组分以重量百分比计为:
优选地,蜡是58~85号微晶蜡、氧化蜡、微混晶蜡、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、 褐煤蜡中的一种或几种。
优选地,基础油是植物油、矿物油、合成油中的一种或几种,植物油选自蓖麻油、棕榈油、菜籽油、大豆油、亚麻油及其衍生物中的一种或几种,矿物油选自普通矿物油、精制矿物油、深精制矿物油中的一种或几种,合成油选自聚醚、磷酸酯、合成烃油、酯类油、聚有机硅氧烷中的一种或几种。
优选地,防锈剂为氧化石油脂及其皂类、脂肪酸及其皂类、触变型防锈剂或它们的混合物。
进一步优选地,脂肪酸选自硬脂酸、油酸、妥尔油脂肪酸、马来酸、油酸甲酯顺丁烯二酸、3-(4-烷基苯甲酰基)-丙烯酸、十二烯基丁二酸。
优选地,乳化剂选自非离子表面活性剂,所述非离子表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸多元醇酯或聚醚型非离子表面活性剂,其中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的碳原子数为10~22,所含EO数为2~30。
优选地,助乳化剂选自甘油、丙二醇、丁二醇、脂肪醇、聚乙二醇、脂肪酸甘油酯或聚甘油酯。
为解决以上技术问题,本发明采取的又一种技术方案是:一种如上所述的双连续型防锈乳液的制备方法,按照如下步骤进行:将蜡、基础油、防锈剂、助乳化剂加热到80~100℃,搅拌至熔融,形成油相混合物;将乳化剂、水加热到80~95℃,形成水相混合物;搅拌下将水相混合物加入到油相混合物中,搅拌温度:80~90℃,测定体系的电导率,直到电导率进入双连续区域,停止加水,80~90℃保温10~20分钟,搅拌冷却即得双连续型防锈乳液。
由于以上技术方案的采用,本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点:
(1)本发明双连续性防锈乳液,在金属材料表面具有非常好的渗透性和铺展性;
(2)通过本发明,可以制备一种双连续性防锈乳液,该乳液可用水以一定的比例稀释使用,可有效避免挥发性有机溶剂对环境造成的污染,可以满足工作场合、工件终端用户对VOC的要求,合国家环境法律法规的要求,减轻了碳排放;(3)本发明双连续性防锈乳液,具有比较低的成膜温度,在常温下施工在较短时间内即干燥形成连续的疏水性油膜,该油膜在水挥发完成后可立即疏水;
(4)本发明制备的防锈乳液最后形成的蜡膜后附着力强、防锈性好,常温下不可再分散或乳化于水中,能够达到盐雾实验要求240小时以上,可以应用于工序间临时防护或长期封存需要。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的乳液粒径分布图;
图2为本发明实施例2的乳液粒径分布图;
图3为本发明对比例的乳液粒径分布图;
图4为本发明对比例试片盐雾试验腐蚀情况图;
图5为本发明实施例1试片盐雾试验腐蚀情况图;
图6为本发明实施例2试片盐雾试验腐蚀情况图;
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步详细说明。应理解,这些实施例是用于说明本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点,而本发明不受以下实施例的范围限制。实施例中采用的实施条件可以根据具体要求做进一步调整,未注明的实施条件通常为常规实验中的条件。
实施例1
本实施例双连续型防锈乳液,按重量百分比计由下列组分组成:
6%SP微混晶蜡,江苏泰尔新材料股份有限公司
10%环烷油,苏州禾森特种油品有限公司
6%氧化石油脂钙皂,Additives International LLC
5%妥尔油脂肪酸,上海立森化工有限公司
6%Thixo100触变型防锈剂,江苏泰尔新材料股份有限公司
3%Dehydol LS4,Dewolf Chemical
1.5%二甲基乙醇胺(DMEA),巴斯夫
0.5%十六醇,科宁
余量水
按上述配方量将蜡、基础油、防锈剂、助乳化剂加热到80~100℃,搅拌至熔融,形成油相混合物;将乳化剂、水加热到80~95℃,形成水相混合物;搅拌下将水相混合物加入到油相混合物中,搅拌温度:80~90℃,测定体系的电导率,直到电导率进入双连续区域,停止加水,80~90℃保温10~20分钟,搅拌冷却即得本实施例双连续型防锈乳液。
实施例2
8%80号微晶蜡,中国石油化工集团公司
350SN,苏州禾森特种油品有限公司
10%氧化石油脂,Additives International LLC
8%Thixo100触变型防锈剂,江苏泰尔新材料股份有限公司
4%Ceteareth A8,江苏省海安石油化工厂
0.5%二甲基乙醇胺(DMEA),巴斯夫
1.0%十二醇,科宁
余量水
按上述配方量将蜡、基础油、防锈剂、助乳化剂加热到80~100℃,搅拌至熔融,形成油相混合物;将乳化剂、水加热到80~95℃,形成水相混合物;搅拌下将水相混合物加入到油相混合物中,搅拌温度:80~90℃,测定体系的电导率,直到电导率进入双连续区域,停止加水,80~90℃保温10~20分钟,搅拌冷却即得本实施例双连续型防锈乳液。
对比例
11%80号微晶蜡,中国石油化工集团公司
14%环烷油,苏州禾森特种油品有限公司
8%Thixo100触变型防锈剂,江苏泰尔新材料股份有限公司
3.5%35,AppliChem
1.2%二甲基乙醇胺(DMEA),巴斯夫
余量水
将上述实施例1、实施例2和对比例分别进行粒径分析和盐雾试验(试验方法按SH/T 0081-1991防锈油脂盐雾试验法进行,锈蚀等级评定按SH/T 0533-1993 防锈油脂防锈试 验试片锈蚀评定方法进行,测试结果如图1-图6所示。
如附图4所示,左为开始盐雾实验前试片情况图,右为盐雾试验48小时后试片情况图,48小时后试片腐蚀面积大于80%。盐雾实验结果:48小时后即判定为不合格。
如附图5所示,左为开始盐雾实验前试片情况图,右为盐雾实验240小时后试片情况图,240小时后评定区内(40mm×40mm)的腐蚀面积为0,盐雾试验结果:0级。
如附图6所示,左为开始盐雾实验前试片情况图,右为盐雾实验240小时后试片情况图,240小时后评定区内(40mm×40mm)的腐蚀面积为0,盐雾试验 结果:0级。
由图1~图6可以看出,对比例虽然可形成分布较均匀的体系,但难以形成连续的油膜,进行腐蚀试验时仅一天不到就出现大面积锈蚀,而本发明双连续型微乳液实施例1和实施例2,可以形成连续性的油膜,可有效通过腐蚀实验,达到施工要求的240小时以上的抗盐雾性能。由此表明,本发明制备的双连续型微乳液,具有优异的防锈性能。
以上对本发明做了详尽的描述,实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想,其目的在于让熟悉此领域技术的人士能够了解本发明的内容并据以实施,并不能以此限制本发明的保护范围。凡根据本发明精神实质所作的等效变化或修饰,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (9)
1.一种双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:按重量百分比计由下列组分组成:
。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述组分以重量百分比计为:
。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述蜡是58~85号微晶蜡、氧化蜡、微混晶蜡、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡、褐煤蜡中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述基础油是植物油、矿物油、合成油中的一种或几种,植物油选自蓖麻油、棕榈油、菜籽油、大豆油、亚麻油及其衍生物中的一种或几种,矿物油选自普通矿物油、精制矿物油、深精制矿物油中的一种或几种,合成油选自聚醚、磷酸酯、合成烃油、酯类油、聚有机硅氧烷中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述防锈剂为氧化石油脂及其皂类、脂肪酸及其皂类、触变型防锈剂或它们的混合物。
6.根据权利要求5所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述脂肪酸选自硬脂酸、油酸、妥尔油脂肪酸、马来酸、油酸甲酯顺丁烯二酸、3-(4-烷基苯甲酰基)-丙烯酸、十二烯基丁二酸中的一种或几种。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述乳化剂选自非离子表面活性剂,所述非离子表面活性剂选自脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酸多元醇酯或聚醚型非离子表面活性剂中的一种或几种,其中脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的碳原子数为10~22,所含EO数为2~30。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的双连续型防锈乳液,其特征在于:所述助乳化剂选自甘油、丙二醇、丁二醇、脂肪醇、聚乙二醇、脂肪酸甘油酯或聚甘油脂肪酸酯中的一种或几种。
9.一种权利要求1或2所述的双连续型防锈乳液的制备方法,其特征在于:按照如下步骤进行:将蜡、基础油、防锈剂、助乳化剂加热到80~100℃,搅拌至熔融,形成油相混合物;将乳化剂、水加热到80~95℃,形成水相混合物;搅拌下将水相混合物加入到油相混合物中,搅拌温度:80~90℃,测定体系的电导率,直到电导率进入双连续区域,停止加水,80~90℃保温10~20分钟,搅拌冷却即得双连续型防锈乳液。
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