CN106244273A - 一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化方法 - Google Patents

一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化方法 Download PDF

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CN106244273A
CN106244273A CN201610849802.9A CN201610849802A CN106244273A CN 106244273 A CN106244273 A CN 106244273A CN 201610849802 A CN201610849802 A CN 201610849802A CN 106244273 A CN106244273 A CN 106244273A
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purification method
organic composite
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purification
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彭茜
廖东明
刘翠玲
项铁丽
陆晨
汪楠
郭涛
张海波
庄文德
于爱平
张怀东
蔡勇
姚新宝
任豪
候言磊
王喜花
熊金强
陈振强
陈璐
韩涛
尤文卿
陈伟
杨德辽
张磊
尹育康
孙学辉
赵云霞
张亮
查磊
罗伟立
吴健
叶斌
沈登海
张德强
李锡铜
王凌
朱永刚
范光辉
冯杰
罗慧红
朱婷婷
白俊民
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Tianjin Fog Purification Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种可燃气体的净化方法，采用两级低温喷雾的净化，第一级采用‑10‑‑10℃的碱性防冻水溶液，除去天然气中的H2S，汞，水蒸汽，部分C6+烃冷凝液化，进而通过肺仿生气体净化系统实现了气液分离，第二级采用‑40‑‑‑80℃冷液喷雾，使微液滴与天燃气混合换热，C3气体液化。

Description

一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化方法
技术领域
本发明专利涉及一种可燃气体的净化领域。
背景技术
开采出来的天然气中含有有毒有害的H2S，H2O，CO2，汞蒸汽和具有更高经济价值的C2-C6轻烃，目前所常用的传统的天然气净化方式是分步清除，①H2S使用还原法回收S；②专门的设备脱水除汞；③C2--C6烃类通过冷井低温冷凝；④这种分步式净化分离成本高，净化效率低，能耗高。④传统的氢气回收净化技术是，将排出含有固体杂质和气体杂质的氢气，经过过滤器除大部分固体杂质，进入淋洗塔用水除去气体杂质、氨气，进入冷却系统进行热量交换，氢气的露点由出炉时43~47℃下降到15℃，氢气在淋洗过程和冷却过程中除去90%左右的水份。水份由汽水分离器分离出来。氢气中剩余的水份进入干燥塔，经硅胶和分子筛吸附后，达到需要的露点。最后将净化后的氢气循环使用。
除此之外，①常用的天然气净化装置中脱硫、脱水吸收剂再生过程均采用典型的高能耗、低效率的精馏过程，造成净化装置能耗高；②净化装置工艺参数设置不合理造成装置能耗长期偏离设计值，如脱硫装置，为保证净化气中酸气含量满足要求，采用的吸收剂循环量过高，使脱硫装置能耗大幅增加；③天然气净化装置集成度低，能量回收率及梯级利用率低。
发明内容
本专利一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化方法，其特征在于：通过单级或多级低温喷雾可以实现多种气体的净化分离，能耗低，效率高。
本专利采用两级低温喷雾的净化方法，第一级采用-10--10℃的碱性防冻水溶液，利用喷雾的比表面积大的优势，设计特殊流道，使得H2S与碱性防冻水溶液反应生成Na2S，Na2S在溶液中与汞反应生成硫化汞沉淀，其中，在此温度下，汞蒸汽被冷凝吸附吸收，水蒸气也被吸附吸收；同时部分C6+烃冷凝液化，与微液滴凝聚，通过肺仿生气体净化系统实现气液分离，液滴在重力作用下回流，多个密封回流池交替使用，静置后的液化烃类物质与水分层，分离；回流防冻碱液，过滤除去硫化汞等固体废物，降温后循环使用。
通过第一阶段99%的水，及水溶性气体杂质和部分高沸点的烃类被分离净化，天然气温度降至-4--4℃，绝对含湿量小于0.5%。第二级采用-40---80℃冷液喷雾，50-500μm的微液滴在密封腔体内与天然气充分混合换热，由于比表面积大，换热效率高，控制在气液比1:2--1:10，在此情况下，换热比面积大，气体温度被降至-60℃左右时，C3气体液化。
通过和第一级相同分离流程，进行分离，混有C2的天然气含水量低于0.0001%，可以进一步加压液化，本专利的这种低温喷雾法相较于传统的深低温冷凝，低温喷雾法换热面积大，换热效率高，不用担心气体中二氧化碳和水分子对冷凝器的结冰堵塞，不需要化冰过程，系统连续高效运转。
附录说明
模型与分析过程具体阐述
1)能耗比的计算
2)换热比表面积的计算
3)防冻液的选择
具体实施方式
现结合模型计算分析和优选实例对本发明专利作进一步说明，以示意的方式说明本专利的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明专利有关的构成。本发明中的可燃气体（天然气）的净化方法，选用特定防冻液，利用气液反应规律，对混合气体中的各个成分进行分部净化，同时实现低能耗高效率。
附录
模型与分析过程具体阐述：
1.能耗比的计算
每小时进风量：V=10000m2；
空气流速：2.77m/s；
空气密度：ρ1=1.29kg/m3；空气比热容：c1=1.004KJ/（kg.℃）；新风升温δｔ1=40℃
Q1=c1m1δｔ1=1.004x1.29x10000x40=518064kJ=141.91kw
水密度：ρ2=1000kg/m3水比热容：c2=4.2KJ/（kg.℃）;水降温：δｔ2=2℃
Q2=c2m2δｔ2=4.2x1000xVx2=518064kJ
每小时流量为61.67m3
水泵电机功率＝流量x扬程÷367.2x1.2÷有效功率（一般在80~90之间）
38m扬程下的电机功率为9.01kw
可得：消耗的电机功率9.01kw，可以产得热值为141.91kw，水膜换热器换热能耗比高。
2. 换热比表面积的计算：
（1）总体积的水变成半径为的液滴球
一个液滴的体积
一立方水总小球个数为 个
一立方水的液滴表面积
（2）总体积的水变成半径为的液滴球
一个液滴的体积
一立方水总小球个数为 个
一立方水的液滴表面积
经以上计算，可以得出，随着加湿水滴小球的直径的减小，其换热比面积增大，换热效率高。
3.防冻液的选择
采用标准防冻液：
第一级为亚硝酸钠，氢氧化钠和乙二醇的水溶液，PH大于13
第二级为乙二醇和水，PH=8
可用于天然气净化，还可以用于VOC的净化回收，相较于催化氧化燃烧和活性炭吸附，可以实现VOC资源化回收。

Claims (5)

1.一种有机复合气体（天然气）的低温喷雾净化方法，其特征在于：采用两级低温喷雾的净化方法，第一级采用-10--10℃的碱性防冻水溶液，第二级采用-40---80℃冷液喷雾。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种有机复合气体（天然气）的低温喷雾净化方法，其特征在于：低温喷雾法换热面积大，换热效率高。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种有机复合气体（天然气）的低温喷雾净化方法，其特征在于：流道特殊的设计，可以使反应充分。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种有机复合气体（天然气）的低温喷雾净化方法，其特征在于：所用的喷雾比表面积大，控制气液比在1:2--1:10时，换热效率高达95%。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种有机复合气体（天然气）的低温喷雾净化方法，其特征在于：净化能耗低，净化效率高。
CN201610849802.9A 2016-09-26 2016-09-26 一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化方法 Pending CN106244273A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107596894A (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-01-19 天津雾净环保科技有限公司 一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化设备及净化方法

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2551717A1 (de) * 1975-11-18 1977-06-02 Basf Ag Verfahren zur entfernung von co tief 2 und/oder h tief 2 s und/oder cos aus gasen, die diese bestandteile enthalten
CN1307498A (zh) * 1998-06-29 2001-08-08 巴斯福股份公司 从气体中除去酸性气体组分的方法
CN101550332A (zh) * 2009-05-14 2009-10-07 天津港(集团)有限公司 用于重负荷发动机的防气穴腐蚀冷却液及其制备方法
US20150344788A1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-03 Aspen Engineering Services, Llc Flare elimination process and methods of use

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2551717A1 (de) * 1975-11-18 1977-06-02 Basf Ag Verfahren zur entfernung von co tief 2 und/oder h tief 2 s und/oder cos aus gasen, die diese bestandteile enthalten
US4336233A (en) * 1975-11-18 1982-06-22 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Removal of CO2 and/or H2 S and/or COS from gases containing these constituents
CN1307498A (zh) * 1998-06-29 2001-08-08 巴斯福股份公司 从气体中除去酸性气体组分的方法
CN101550332A (zh) * 2009-05-14 2009-10-07 天津港(集团)有限公司 用于重负荷发动机的防气穴腐蚀冷却液及其制备方法
US20150344788A1 (en) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-03 Aspen Engineering Services, Llc Flare elimination process and methods of use

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107596894A (zh) * 2017-10-19 2018-01-19 天津雾净环保科技有限公司 一种有机复合气体的低温喷雾净化设备及净化方法

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Application publication date: 20161221