CN106238904A - A kind of hard alloy and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel - Google Patents

A kind of hard alloy and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106238904A
CN106238904A CN201610777193.0A CN201610777193A CN106238904A CN 106238904 A CN106238904 A CN 106238904A CN 201610777193 A CN201610777193 A CN 201610777193A CN 106238904 A CN106238904 A CN 106238904A
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Prior art keywords
hard alloy
steel
diffusion
metal
activating agent
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CN201610777193.0A
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CN106238904B (en
Inventor
龙伟民
钟素娟
杜全斌
路全彬
张青科
孙华为
马佳
董显
纠永涛
李永
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Ningbo Zhongji Songlan Tool Technology Co ltd
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Zhengzhou Research Institute of Mechanical Engineering Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/002—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating specially adapted for particular articles or work
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of hard alloy and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel, relate to metal joining techniques field, docking after the surface to be welded polishing of hard alloy and steel, cleaning is assembled, lays activating agent or contain the metal sandwich of activating agent, assemble and obtain connector between interface；Activating agent is B, Li and B2O3In at least one；Connector it is placed in diffusion brazier and applies precompression；Vacuum in diffusion welding (DW) stove evacuation to stove is not higher than 10‑1During Pa, in diffusion brazier, it is filled with reducibility gas, begins to warm up when furnace pressure reaches normal atmosphere, when in-furnace temperature reaches 800～1200 DEG C, connector is applied the axial compressive force of 5～12MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 7～60min；After connector diffusion welding (DW) completes, shed pressure, furnace cooling.The present invention achieves hard alloy under partial vacuum and is connected with the activated diffusion of steel, and production efficiency is high, low cost, the applied at elevated temperature function admirable of postwelding hard alloy piece.

Description

A kind of hard alloy and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel
Technical field
The present invention relates to the interconnection technique field of hard alloy and steel, especially relate to the activation of a kind of hard alloy and steel Diffusion connection method.
Background technology
Hard alloy is (such as Co, Fe, Mo by refractory carbide (such as TiC, WC, TaC, NbC etc.) and cementing metal Deng) synthesized by powder metallurgy process, there is high rigidity, high abrasion and good high-temperature behavior, be widely used in manufacture coal Oil exploration and exploitation instrument, metal-cutting machine tool and mine excavation instrument etc..Owing to hard alloy is expensive, plasticity toughness Difference, sintered-carbide tool couples together use frequently with fritter hard alloy and steel matrix, both can reduce cost, and can improve again and make Use performance.
In current commercial Application, hard alloy has mechanical connection, brazing and diffusion welding with the conventional interconnection technique of steel.Its In, the sintered-carbide tool of mechanical connection in use poor stability；The sintered-carbide tool that soldering connects, its high temperature makes Use poor performance；Although the sintered-carbide tool that diffusion welding (DW) connects has good applied at elevated temperature performance, when use temperature is 450 DEG C Still there is higher intensity, but diffusion welding (DW) needs welding under the conditions of high vacuum environment, causes being manufactured into of sintered-carbide tool This is higher.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: in the interconnection technique of existing hard alloy and steel, the postwelding high temperature existed Serviceability is poor, activation connects vacuum level requirements height, joint efficiency is low, high in cost of production problem.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that the activated diffusion method of attachment of a kind of hard alloy and steel, Comprise the steps:
Step one, the surface to be welded of hard alloy and steel is carried out successively alkali cleaning, pickling, polishing and distilled water flushing process, afterwards Dry up standby；
Step 2, hard alloy is docked assembling with the surface to be welded of steel, between interface, lay activating agent or containing living Property agent metal sandwich, assembling obtain integrated connection part；Described activating agent is B, Li and B2O3In at least one；
Step 3, integrated connection part is placed in diffusion brazier in, to integrated connection part apply 0.5～1.0MPa precompression, close Closed furnace door；
Step 4, to diffusion welding (DW) stove evacuation, when in diffusion brazier, vacuum is not higher than 10-1During Pa, it is filled with in diffusion brazier Reducibility gas, begins to warm up when furnace pressure reaches normal atmosphere, and the rate of heat addition is 10～15 DEG C/min, when temperature in stove When degree reaches 800～1200 DEG C, integrated connection part is applied the axial compressive force of 5～12MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 7～60min；
After step 5, integrated connection part diffusion welding (DW) complete, shed pressure, cool to 100 DEG C with the furnace, take out.
Described reducibility gas is H2、CO、NO2、NO、NH3And CH4In at least one.
The described metal sandwich containing activating agent is the metal forming of surface-coated activating agent, is uniformly mixed with the gold of activating agent Belonging to any one in the metal coating of powder, surface-coated activating agent, described metal coating is for spraying or electroplates at hard alloy Or the metal level on steel surface.
The metal that described metal forming, metal dust or metal coating are used is Ni or Cu.
The state of described activating agent is powder or foil-like.
Beneficial effects of the present invention is as follows:
(1), instant invention overcomes the diffusion welding (DW) rigors to vacuum, in diffusion brazier, vacuum only need to be not higher than 10-1Pa , it is not necessary to expensive vacuum equipment puts into, cost-effective；
(2), the present invention lays activating agent or the metal sandwich containing activating agent, activity between hard alloy and the interface of steel Agent in whole activated diffusion connection procedure, its with surface to be welded surrounding ambient atmosphere in oxygen or metal-oxide on surface to be welded Reaction, the oxide-film on removable hard alloy surface to be welded and steel surface to be welded, increase hard alloy and the diffusion rate of steel, shorten The diffusion Connection Time, improve joint efficiency, reduce weld defect, improve product quality；
(3), the reducibility gas that is filled with in diffusion furnace can not only with the reactive metal oxide on hard alloy and steel surface to be welded, Remove metal-oxide, still prevent hard alloy surface to be welded and the high-temperature oxydation of steel surface to be welded, increase hard alloy and steel Diffusion rate, shortens the diffusion Connection Time, improves joint efficiency, reduces weld defect, improves product quality；
(4), hard alloy and steel realize diffusion and be connected, postwelding sintered-carbide tool has good applied at elevated temperature performance, connects and imitates The best.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is hard alloy and the steel of the present invention overall structure schematic diagram when activated diffusion is connected；
Fig. 2 is the structure of metal foil schematic diagram of the surface-coated activating agent of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the metal dust being uniformly mixed with activating agent of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the metal coating of the surface-coated activating agent of the present invention；
Reference is as follows: 1 seaming chuck；2 hard alloys；3 activating agents；4 steel；5 push-down heads；6 metal formings； 7 metal dusts；8 metal coatings.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
YG6X hard alloy and No. 45 steel activity diffusions of a size of φ 9 × 9mm are connected.
First, the surface to be welded of YG6X hard alloy and No. 45 steel is carried out successively alkali cleaning, pickling, polishing and distilled water punching Wash, it is ensured that surface to be welded fineness Ra≤3.2 μm, cold wind dries up standby；Then, hard alloy is docked group with the surface to be welded of steel Dress, brushes one layer of boron powder between interface, and without metal sandwich, assembling obtains integrated connection part；Subsequently, integrated connection part is put Between seaming chuck and the push-down head of diffusion brazier, apply 0.5MPa precompression, close fire door；Evacuation opened by diffusion brazier, Treat that vacuum reaches 10-1During Pa, in diffusion brazier, it is filled with hydrogen, begins to warm up when furnace pressure reaches normal atmosphere, The rate of heat addition is 10 DEG C/min, when in-furnace temperature reaches 800 DEG C, integrated connection part applies 5MPa axial compressive force, and insulation is protected Pressure 60min；After integrated connection part diffusion welding (DW) completes, shed pressure, cool to 100 DEG C with the furnace, take out connector, i.e. realize YG6X The activated diffusion of hard alloy and No. 45 steel connects.
The test result of postwelding joint is: (1) activated diffusion plumb joint zero defect, and welded rate is high；(2) room temperature joint shearing resistance Intensity is 203.5MPa；Under (3) 450 DEG C of high temperature, joint bending stiffness is 178.7 MPa.
Embodiment 2
No. 45 steel activity diffusions of the YG15C hard alloy of a size of φ 12.5 × 9mm with a size of φ 12.5 × 28mm are connected Connect.
First, the surface to be welded of YG15C hard alloy and No. 45 steel is carried out successively alkali cleaning, pickling, polishing and distilled water punching Wash, it is ensured that surface to be welded fineness Ra≤3.2 μm, cold wind dries up standby；Then, hard alloy is docked group with the surface to be welded of steel Dress, lays the Ni paper tinsel of 100 μ m-thick between interface, and the mixed powder of B and Li is sprayed on Ni paper tinsel surface, and B powder and Li powder mass ratio are 9:1, assembling obtains integrated connection part；Subsequently, integrated connection part is placed between seaming chuck and the push-down head of diffusion brazier, applies 1.0MPa precompression, closes fire door；Evacuation opened by diffusion brazier, treats that vacuum reaches 5 × 10-2During Pa, in diffusion brazier It is filled with H2With CO mixed gas, beginning to warm up when furnace pressure reaches normal atmosphere, the rate of heat addition is 15 DEG C/min, works as stove When interior temperature reaches 1050 DEG C, integrated connection part is applied 12MPa axial compressive force, heat-insulation pressure keeping 7min；Integrated connection part spreads After being soldered into, shed pressure, cool to 100 DEG C with the furnace, take out connector, i.e. realize YG15C hard alloy and the work of No. 45 steel Change diffusion to connect.
The test result of postwelding joint is: (1) activated diffusion plumb joint zero defect, and welded rate is high；(2) room temperature joint shearing resistance Intensity is 870MPa；Under (3) 400 DEG C of high temperature, joint four-point bending intensity is 650 MPa.
Embodiment 3
The YG11 hard alloy of a size of φ 14 × 10mm is connected with the diffusion of Cr12MoV steel activity.
First, the surface to be welded of YG11 hard alloy and Cr12MoV steel is carried out alkali cleaning, pickling, polishing and distilled water successively Rinse, it is ensured that surface to be welded fineness Ra is 1.25 μm, and cold wind dries up standby；Then, hard alloy is docked with the surface to be welded of steel Assembling, lay the Cu paper tinsel of 100 μ m-thick between interface, B is placed in Cu paper tinsel both sides2O3Powder, assembling obtains integrated connection part；Subsequently, Integrated connection part is placed between seaming chuck and the push-down head of diffusion brazier, applies 1.0MPa precompression, close fire door；Diffusion welding (DW) Evacuation opened by stove, treats that vacuum reaches 10-1During Pa, in diffusion brazier, it is filled with CH4And H2Mixed gas, work as furnace pressure Reaching to begin to warm up during normal atmosphere, the rate of heat addition is 12 DEG C/min, when in-furnace temperature reaches 950 DEG C, to integrated connection Part applies 8MPa axial compressive force, heat-insulation pressure keeping 15min；After integrated connection part diffusion welding (DW) completes, shed pressure, cool to the furnace 100 DEG C, take out connector, i.e. realize YG11 hard alloy and be connected with the activated diffusion of Cr12MoV steel.
The test result of postwelding joint is: (1) activated diffusion plumb joint zero defect, and welded rate is high；(2) room temperature joint shearing resistance Intensity is 645.8MPa；Under (3) 450 DEG C of high temperature, joint bending stiffness is 522.0 MPa.
Embodiment 4
YG11 hard alloy and No. 45 steel activity diffusions of a size of φ 14 × 10mm are connected.
First, the surface to be welded of YG11 hard alloy and No. 45 steel is carried out successively alkali cleaning, pickling, polishing and distilled water punching Wash, it is ensured that surface to be welded fineness Ra is 1.25 μm, and cold wind dries up standby；Then, hard alloy is docked group with the surface to be welded of steel Dress, at the Ni film that surface to be welded electroplating thickness is 0.05mm of No. 45 steel, boron powder is brushed on Ni film surface, and assembling obtains integrated connection Part；Subsequently, integrated connection part is placed between seaming chuck and the push-down head of diffusion brazier, applies 1.0MPa precompression, close closed furnace Door；Evacuation opened by diffusion brazier, treats that vacuum reaches 10-1During Pa, in diffusion brazier, it is filled with NO2And H2Mixed gas, Beginning to warm up when furnace pressure reaches normal atmosphere, the rate of heat addition is 12 DEG C/min, when in-furnace temperature reaches 1200 DEG C, Integrated connection part is applied 10MPa axial compressive force, heat-insulation pressure keeping 25min；After integrated connection part diffusion welding (DW) completes, shed pressure, Cooling to 100 DEG C with the furnace, take out connector, the activated diffusion i.e. realizing YG11 hard alloy and No. 45 steel connects.
The test result of postwelding joint is: (1) activated diffusion plumb joint zero defect, and welded rate is high；(2) room temperature joint shearing resistance Intensity is 685.2MPa；Under (3) 450 DEG C of high temperature, joint bending stiffness is 536.3 MPa.

Claims (4)

1. a hard alloy and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel, it is characterised in that: comprise the steps:
Step one, the surface to be welded of hard alloy and steel is carried out successively alkali cleaning, pickling, polishing and distilled water flushing process, afterwards Dry up standby；
Step 2, hard alloy is docked assembling with the surface to be welded of steel, between interface, lay activating agent or containing living Property agent metal sandwich, assembling obtain integrated connection part；Described activating agent is B, Li and B2O3In at least one；
Step 3, integrated connection part is placed in diffusion brazier in, to integrated connection part apply 0.5～1.0MPa precompression, close Closed furnace door；
Step 4, to diffusion welding (DW) stove evacuation, when in diffusion brazier, vacuum is not higher than 10-1During Pa, it is filled with in diffusion brazier Reducibility gas, begins to warm up when furnace pressure reaches normal atmosphere, and the rate of heat addition is 10～15 DEG C/min, when temperature in stove When degree reaches 800～1200 DEG C, integrated connection part is applied the axial compressive force of 5～12MPa, heat-insulation pressure keeping 7～60min；
After step 5, integrated connection part diffusion welding (DW) complete, shed pressure, cool to 100 DEG C with the furnace, take out.
A kind of hard alloy the most as claimed in claim 1 and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel, it is characterised in that: step 4 In, described reducibility gas is H2、CO、NO2、NO、NH3And CH4In at least one.
A kind of hard alloy the most as claimed in claim 1 and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel, it is characterised in that: step 2 In, the described metal sandwich containing activating agent is the metal forming of surface-coated activating agent, is uniformly mixed with the metal powder of activating agent End, surface-coated activating agent metal coating in any one, described metal coating for spraying or plating at hard alloy or steel The metal level on surface.
A kind of hard alloy the most as claimed in claim 3 and the activated diffusion method of attachment of steel, it is characterised in that: described metal The metal that paper tinsel, metal dust or metal coating are used is Ni or Cu.
CN201610777193.0A 2016-08-30 2016-08-30 A kind of activation diffusion connection method of hard alloy and steel Active CN106238904B (en)

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Cited By (4)

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CN106825896A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-06-13 爱迪森自动化科技（昆山）有限公司 A kind of hard alloy connects method with the composite interlayer liquid-phase diffusion welding of steel
CN107755911A (en) * 2017-09-11 2018-03-06 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of method for oxide dispersion intensifying steel Solid-phase welding
CN109514017A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-26 东莞理工学院 A kind of vacuum diffusion welding process of hard alloy and steel
CN115647822A (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-01-31 江苏博联硕焊接技术有限公司 Secondary composite diffusion welding device for aluminum alloy cavity structural part and using method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106825896A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-06-13 爱迪森自动化科技（昆山）有限公司 A kind of hard alloy connects method with the composite interlayer liquid-phase diffusion welding of steel
CN107755911A (en) * 2017-09-11 2018-03-06 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 A kind of method for oxide dispersion intensifying steel Solid-phase welding
CN109514017A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-03-26 东莞理工学院 A kind of vacuum diffusion welding process of hard alloy and steel
CN109514017B (en) * 2018-11-28 2022-06-28 自贡中兴耐磨新材料有限公司 Vacuum diffusion welding process for hard alloy and steel
CN115647822A (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-01-31 江苏博联硕焊接技术有限公司 Secondary composite diffusion welding device for aluminum alloy cavity structural part and using method thereof
CN115647822B (en) * 2022-10-25 2023-11-21 江苏博联硕焊接技术有限公司 Secondary composite diffusion welding device for aluminum alloy cavity structural member and application method of secondary composite diffusion welding device

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Address after: 8th Floor, Damuwan Comprehensive Service Center, 1111 Tian'an Road, Dandong Street, Xiangshan County, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province 315700 (self declaration)

Patentee after: Ningbo Zhongji Songlan Tool Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: 450000 10 Fengyang street, hi tech Industrial Development Zone, Zhengzhou, Henan

Patentee before: ZHENGZHOU RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd.