CN106229327A - A kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106229327A CN106229327A CN201610630348.8A CN201610630348A CN106229327A CN 106229327 A CN106229327 A CN 106229327A CN 201610630348 A CN201610630348 A CN 201610630348A CN 106229327 A CN106229327 A CN 106229327A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass and not covered by groups H10K10/80, H10K30/80, H10K50/80 or H10K59/80
- H10K77/10—Substrates, e.g. flexible substrates
- H10K77/111—Flexible substrates
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/50—Photovoltaic [PV] devices
- H10K30/57—Photovoltaic [PV] devices comprising multiple junctions, e.g. tandem PV cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- H10K30/81—Electrodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/80—Constructional details
- H10K30/88—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/60—Forming conductive regions or layers, e.g. electrodes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module and preparation method thereof.This perovskite solar module includes that one stacks gradually electrode, transparent enclosure glue, flexible transparent plastic cover plate before metal backing reflecting layer on flexible substrate, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electrically conducting transparent, and light is incident by flexible transparent plastic cover plate direction;The paddle-tumble that before metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electrically conducting transparent, electrode is predetermined separates and forms multiple sub-battery being in series.The present invention, to the permeability of substrate and electric conductivity no requirement (NR), can use the flexible substrate of conventional low cost, significantly reduce cost;Preparation method technique is simple; yield rate is high, it is easy to accomplish large-scale production, on the basis of not affecting perovskite solar cell performance; the extraneous factor adverse effects to perovskite solar cell such as steam, chemical attack, external carbuncle can be avoided, improve the reliability of battery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to titanium ore technical field of solar cells, be specifically related to a kind of flexible large area perovskite solar panel
Part and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Increasingly serious along with global ecological environment and energy shortage problem, cleans reproducible solar energy power generating and is subject to
Most attention to various countries.Perovskite solar cell, since within 2009, being in the news first, has just attracted a large amount of researcher
Interest.Through the development of a few years, its device efficiency just rises to 22% from 3.8%.Perovskite solar cell is by complete
The reason that world's photovoltaic art pays high attention to, reaches the high efficiency level of first generation crystal silicon cell at short notice except it,
The more important thing is the preparation method of its low cost, this is that the photovoltaic industry in depression brings dawn.
Type according to substrate is different, and perovskite solar cell can be divided into rigid substrate perovskite solar cell and flexible liner
End perovskite solar cell.Compared to rigid substrate structure, flexible substrate perovskite solar cell is lighter, and quality is than power more
Little and rollable, therefore can be widely applied to power station, roof, BIPV, movable power source etc..In industry metaplasia
In product, flexible substrate solar cell can use volume to volume manufacturing process, and preparation cost is greatly reduced.
Flexible substrate perovskite solar cell generally uses following structure at present: on flexible and transparent conductive substrate, order is heavy
Long-pending electron transfer layer (or hole transmission layer), perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer (or electron transfer layer), finally deposit metal
Back electrode.Flexible and transparent conductive substrate is made up of PET or the PEN plastic sheeting of high transmission and the ito film being deposited on.Due to light
Being incident from flexible and transparent conductive substrate direction, the most this structure is called upper substrat structure.Flexible perovskite solar cell mesh
Before be mostly in the little area experimentation stage, how to realize large area assembly, reduce cost and finally to realize industrialization be it
Inevitable development trend.
But, in the middle of the process of Industrialization, the large area flexible perovskite solar cell of substrat structure in employing
Can there is following problems in assembly: (1) prepares the transparency conducting layer technology of high conductance in PET or the PEN plastic of high transmission
Difficulty is relatively big, and yield rate is low, and therefore the highest (1 square metre of cost surpasses flexible and transparent conductive substrate price based on PET or PEN
Cross 10,000 yuan), the large area assembly cost that industrialization thus can be caused to produce remains high;(2) the large area perovskite sun is prepared
During battery component, need that area battery is divided into baby battery and connect, to promote open-circuit voltage and the power of battery.By
In perovskite absorbed layer not resistant against high temperatures, therefore can not use laser scribing, machinery line can only be used.If using above-mentioned
Flexible and transparent conductive substrat structure, then easily lead to be previously deposited in flexible substrates when machinery scribing perovskite absorbed layer
On ITO conductive layer fracture, thus cause battery failure.Therefore, no matter from cost angle or from technical standpoint consideration, above-mentioned
Structural flexibility substrate perovskite solar cell is difficult to industrialization.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve above-mentioned technical problem and a kind of flexible large area perovskite solar cell is provided
Assembly and preparation method thereof.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module, anti-including the metal backing stacked gradually on flexible substrate
Before penetrating layer, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electrically conducting transparent, electrode, transparent enclosure glue, flexible and transparent are moulded
Material cover plate, light is incident by flexible transparent plastic cover plate direction;Described metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer,
The paddle-tumble that before hole transmission layer, electrically conducting transparent, electrode is predetermined separates and forms multiple sub-battery being in series;
Described metal backing reflecting layer and electron transfer layer are cut off and in this P1 paddle-tumble by perovskite by the P1 paddle-tumble at N number of interval
Absorbed layer is filled up completely with;Described perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer are cut off by the P2 paddle-tumble at N number of interval, institute
Before stating electrically conducting transparent, electrode is connected with the metal backing reflecting layer of adjacent subcell by this P2 paddle-tumble;Described transparent enclosure glue is filled
In this P2 paddle-tumble and with electrically conducting transparent before electrode this P2 paddle-tumble is filled up completely with;Described P1 paddle-tumble and P2 paddle-tumble share a limit
It is provided adjacent to;
Described flexible substrate is dielectric substrate or is previously deposited one layer of insulating barrier for metal backing reflective layer deposition
Metal substrate.
Described P1 paddle-tumble uses laser grooving and scribing method to prepare, and width is 30-300 μm.
Described P2 paddle-tumble uses mechanical scribing method to prepare, and width is 2-4 times of P1 paddle-tumble.
Described metal backing reflecting layer is the alloy between the one or two kinds of in Au, Ag or Al.
Described metal substrate is opaque flexible stainless steel substrate or titanium substrate;Described dielectric substrate is poly-naphthalene two
Formic acid glycol ester thin film, polycarbonate film, polyacrylate film, Polyethersulfone membranes, polysulphone film or polyimides PI
Plastic film substrate, or PET or PEN plastic film substrate.
Described transparent enclosure glue is mixed by A glue and B glue, and crosslinked at low temperature solidify to form.
Before described metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer and electrically conducting transparent, electrode is adopted
Deposit by all solid state vacuum technology.
Described metal backing reflecting layer uses magnetically controlled DC sputtering or thermal evaporation method to prepare;Described electron transfer layer uses heat
Prepared by the method for evaporation, electron beam evaporation or magnetron sputtering;Described perovskite absorbed layer uses thermal evaporation method to prepare;Described sky
Cave transport layer uses thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation or radio frequency magnetron sputtering method to prepare;Before described electrically conducting transparent, electrode uses heat
Prepared by the method for evaporation or electron beam evaporation or rf magnetron sputtering.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module preparation method, including such as
Lower step:
Flexible substrate, preparation is provided to stack gradually the metal backing reflecting layer in described flexible substrate, electron transfer layer, and
The P1 paddle-tumble that metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer are cut off by rear preparation;
Preparation stacks gradually the perovskite absorbed layer on described electron transfer layer and hole transmission layer, the most adjacent described
The P2 paddle-tumble that perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer are cut off by the preparation of P1 paddle-tumble;
Preparation is laminated in electrode before the electrically conducting transparent on described hole transmission layer, and before making electrically conducting transparent, electrode is drawn at described P2
In connecting with the metal backing reflecting layer of adjacent subcell in groove and making described P2 paddle-tumble, region filled by reserved transparent enclosure glue, and this is saturating
Bright packaging plastic is filled region and is separated with P1 paddle-tumble by electrode before the electrically conducting transparent in P2 paddle-tumble;
Electrode surface coating transparent enclosure glue before described electrically conducting transparent, and make transparent enclosure glue be filled in described P2 paddle-tumble
Interior reserved transparent enclosure glue is filled in region;
Cover flexible transparent plastic cover plate on described packaging plastic surface, then carry out crosslinked at low temperature solidification, obtain flexible big
Area perovskite solar module.
Described packaging plastic is mixed by A glue and B glue, and ratio is 1:1;After mix homogeneously, under coarse vacuum, room temperature state
Bleed, the air being mixed in discharging glue;After aerofluxus, more mixed packaging plastic is uniformly coated on electricity before electrically conducting transparent
Surface, pole;After having coated, flexible transparent plastic cover plate is laid on packaging plastic, then carries out crosslinked at low temperature solidification.
Flexible large area perovskite solar module of the present invention uses lower substrat structure, and light does not enters from substrate direction
Penetrate, therefore can use cheap flexible substrate, it is not necessary to use expensive flexible and transparent conductive substrate, significantly reduce cost;
And the preparation method technique of the flexible large area perovskite solar module of the present invention is simple, yield rate is high, easily
In accomplishing scale production, and on the basis of not affecting perovskite solar cell performance, can avoid steam, chemical attack,
The extraneous factors such as the external carbuncle adverse effect to perovskite solar cell, improves the reliability of battery.
The two step scribing process taked can realize the series connection of sub-battery, promotes the open-circuit voltage of battery, and has
The advantage that dead zone area is little, will not damage film layer.
Owing to before electrically conducting transparent, electrode (transparent conducting film) finally deposits, therefore P1 groove and the P2 groove of early stage is delineated also
Before will not leading electrically conducting transparent, the film of electrode ruptures, and promotes yield rate.
The method using the coating encapsulation of A, B glue, technique is simple, and equipment requirements is low, will not introduce bubble, and can realize
Crosslinked at low temperature solidifies, it is to avoid curing process temperature causes perovskite absorbed layer to decompose.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 illustrates the structural representation of the flexible large area perovskite solar module of the present invention;
In figure: 1-flexible substrate;2-metal backing reflecting layer;3-electron transfer layer;4-perovskite absorbed layer;5-hole transport
Layer;Electrode before 6-electrically conducting transparent;7-transparent enclosure glue;8-flexible transparent plastic cover plate.
Detailed description of the invention
Below, in conjunction with example, substantive distinguishing features and the advantage of the present invention are further described, but the present invention not office
It is limited to listed embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, a kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module, including stacking gradually in polyimides
(PI) metal backing reflecting layer Ag on flexible substrate, electron transfer layer Al-Doped ZnO (AZO), perovskite absorbed layer
CH3NH3PbI3, hole transmission layer CuI, electrode ITO, transparent enclosure glue, flexible transparent plastic cover plate before electrically conducting transparent, light is by soft
Property transparent plastic cover plate direction incident.
By two step scoring procedure, this large area assembly is divided into the most sub-battery.The metal backing of adjacent subcell
Reflecting layer Ag is cut off by P1 paddle-tumble, by P2 paddle-tumble, and electrode ITO and next sub-battery before the electrically conducting transparent of previous sub-battery
Metal backing reflecting layer Ag be connected, thus by each sub-battery inline formation cascaded structure.
Embodiment 2:
The preparation method of a kind of flexible large area perovskite solar module, comprises the steps:
Polyimides (PI) flexible plastic substrate is cleaned.
The method using pulsed dc magnetron sputtering deposits metal backing reflecting layer Ag: base reservoir temperature 25-100 in substrate
DEG C, sputtering pressure 0.1-10Pa, sputtering power 50-300W, Ag film thickness 50-300nm.
The method using rf magnetron sputtering deposits electron transfer layer AZO: depositing temperature on Ag film and is 25-100 DEG C, spatters
Pressure of emanating 0.1-10Pa, sputtering power 50-300W, AZO film thickness 30-100nm;
The method using laser scribing prepares P1 paddle-tumble, and width is 50-300 μm.Described P1 paddle-tumble draws disconnected AZO and Ag electricity
Pole, touches PI substrate.
The method using two step order coarse vacuum depositions deposits CH on the electron transport layer3NH3PbI3Absorbed layer: first exist
Thermal evaporation PbI under low vacuum environment2Powder, then thermal evaporation CH3NH3I powder, carries out annealing on hot plate and is formed after taking-up
Perovskite absorbed layer, thermal evaporation vacuum is 0.01-10Pa, and annealing temperature is 50-200 DEG C, and thickness is 100-500nm.
Use method deposition of hole transport layer CuI on perovskite absorbed layer of thermal evaporation: electric current is 20-60A, film thickness
Degree is 20-100nm.
Using mechanical scribe process to prepare P2 paddle-tumble, width is 2-3 times of P1 paddle-tumble, and P2 paddle-tumble draws disconnected hole transmission layer
CuI, perovskite absorbed layer and electron transfer layer AZO, touch metal backing reflecting layer Ag.
The method using thermal evaporation indium stannum alloy deposits ITO: temperature 100-400 DEG C, oxygen pressure on hole transmission layer
0.1-10Pa, thicknesses of layers 50-300nm.
Draw positive and negative electrode;
Electrode and P2 paddle-tumble surface-coated packaging plastic before electrically conducting transparent.Described packaging plastic is mixed by A glue and B glue,
Ratio is 1:1;After mix homogeneously, at coarse vacuum, room temperature state lower pumping, the air being mixed in discharging glue, vacuum is 1-102
Handkerchief, the time is 100-200min;After aerofluxus, then being coated by mixed packaging plastic, thickness is 1-5mm;
The flexible transparent plastic substrate of high transmission is laid in packaging plastic surface, solidifies in coarse vacuum low temperature laminated, layer
Pressure temperature is 120 DEG C.
Complete flexible large area perovskite solar module to prepare.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that include stacking gradually on flexible substrate
Metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electrode before electrically conducting transparent, transparent enclosure glue,
Flexible transparent plastic cover plate, light is incident by flexible transparent plastic cover plate direction;Described metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer, calcium
The paddle-tumble that before titanium ore absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electrically conducting transparent, electrode is predetermined separates and forms multiple sub-battery being in series;
Described metal backing reflecting layer and electron transfer layer are cut off by the P1 paddle-tumble at N number of interval and are absorbed by perovskite in this P1 paddle-tumble
Layer is filled up completely with;Described perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer are cut off by the P2 paddle-tumble at N number of interval, described
Before bright conduction, electrode is connected with the metal backing reflecting layer of adjacent subcell by this P2 paddle-tumble;Described transparent enclosure glue is filled in this
In P2 paddle-tumble and with electrically conducting transparent before electrode this P2 paddle-tumble is filled up completely with;Described P1 paddle-tumble and P2 paddle-tumble share a limit and adjoin
Arrange;
Described flexible substrate is dielectric substrate or is previously deposited one layer of metal for the insulating barrier of metal backing reflective layer deposition
Substrate.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that described P1 paddle-tumble uses
Prepared by laser grooving and scribing method, width is 30-300 μm.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that described P2 paddle-tumble uses
Prepared by mechanical scribing method, width is 2-4 times of P1 paddle-tumble.
4. according to large area perovskite solar module flexible described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that described gold
Belonging to back reflection layer is the alloy between the one or two kinds of in Au, Ag or Al.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that described metal substrate is
Opaque flexible stainless steel substrate or titanium substrate;Described dielectric substrate is PEN thin film, poly-carbon
Acid esters thin film, polyacrylate film, Polyethersulfone membranes, polysulphone film or polyimides PI plastic film substrate, or PET or
PEN plastic film substrate.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that described transparent enclosure glue
Being mixed by A glue and B glue, crosslinked at low temperature solidify to form.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that described metal backing reflects
Before layer, electron transfer layer, perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer and electrically conducting transparent, electrode uses all solid state vacuum technology deposition.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module, it is characterised in that described metal backing reflects
Layer uses magnetically controlled DC sputtering or thermal evaporation method to prepare;Described electron transfer layer uses thermal evaporation, electron beam evaporation or magnetic control
Prepared by the method for sputtering;Described perovskite absorbed layer uses thermal evaporation method to prepare;Described hole transmission layer uses thermal evaporation, electricity
Prepared by sub-beam evaporation or radio frequency magnetron sputtering method;Before described electrically conducting transparent, electrode uses thermal evaporation or electron beam evaporation or radio frequency
Prepared by the method for magnetron sputtering.
9. a flexible large area perovskite solar module preparation method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Flexible substrate, preparation is provided to stack gradually the metal backing reflecting layer in described flexible substrate, electron transfer layer, then make
The standby P1 paddle-tumble that metal backing reflecting layer, electron transfer layer are cut off;
Preparation stacks gradually the perovskite absorbed layer on described electron transfer layer and hole transmission layer, and the most adjacent described P1 draws
The P2 paddle-tumble that perovskite absorbed layer, hole transmission layer, electron transfer layer are cut off by groove preparation;
Preparation is laminated in electrode before the electrically conducting transparent on described hole transmission layer, and before making electrically conducting transparent, electrode is in described P2 paddle-tumble
In connecting with the metal backing reflecting layer of adjacent subcell and making described P2 paddle-tumble, reserved transparent enclosure glue fills region, this transparent envelope
Dress glue is filled region and is separated with P1 paddle-tumble by electrode before the electrically conducting transparent in P2 paddle-tumble;
Electrode surface coating transparent enclosure glue before described electrically conducting transparent, and it is pre-to make transparent enclosure glue be filled in described P2 paddle-tumble
Transparent enclosure glue is stayed to fill in region;
Cover flexible transparent plastic cover plate on described packaging plastic surface, then carry out crosslinked at low temperature solidification, obtain flexible large area
Perovskite solar module.
The most flexible large area perovskite solar module preparation method, it is characterised in that described
Packaging plastic is mixed by A glue and B glue, and ratio is 1:1;After mix homogeneously, at coarse vacuum, room temperature state lower pumping, discharge glue
The air being inside mixed into;After aerofluxus, more mixed packaging plastic is uniformly coated on electrode surface before electrically conducting transparent;Coating
After completing, flexible transparent plastic cover plate is laid on packaging plastic, then carries out crosslinked at low temperature solidification.
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