CN106226819A - Well side fault deep transverse wave reflection imaging identification method - Google Patents
Well side fault deep transverse wave reflection imaging identification method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003325 tomography Methods 0.000 claims description 191
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/40—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/18—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V3/34—Transmitting data to recording or processing apparatus; Recording data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/65—Source localisation, e.g. faults, hypocenters or reservoirs
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying deep transverse wave reflection imaging of a well side fault, which comprises the following steps: and (3) interpreting and evaluating the deep transverse wave reflection imaging processing result, identifying a reflector, judging whether the reflector is a fault, determining the azimuth, the dip angle and the inclination of the fault passing through the well, comparing with seismic data, and determining the development condition of the fault beside the well. The invention solves the problem of how to accurately identify the reflector by using deep transverse wave reflection imaging; the problem of how to comprehensively identify the fault by combining various logging data or seismic data is solved; the problem of how to determine fault occurrence is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of a kind of well, it is adaptable to the identification of the other tomography of well, belong to
In log interpretation technology field.
Background technology
Reflection sound wave remote detection imaging technology is one of focus of the research of acoustic logging in recent years, and main method has compressional wave anti-
Penetrate imaging and deep transverse wave reflection imaging two kinds, this technology by sound source in well to the extraradial compressional wave of well or shear wave, to through well
The sound field that outer geologic body reflects carries out imaging, well logging radial depth of investigetion is spread around to the other tens of meters of models of well from the borehole wall
Enclose.The longitudinal wave reflection that longitudinal wave reflection imaging utilizes array acoustic acoustic wave train logging data to extract involves its converted wave and carries out imaging,
Frequency of source is high, and investigation depth is shallow, it is impossible to determine the orientation of reflector.Deep transverse wave reflection imaging utilizes orthogonal dipole shear wave logging
The four componets data of data, the horizontal direction shear wave signal extracted, and carry out imaging, because shear wave frequency is low, decay is slow, reflection
Signal is higher, detects deeper, and imaging effect is more preferable；Rotated by four componets data, it may be determined that the azimuth information of reflector.Need
It should be noted that the principle far detected according to deep transverse wave reflection imaging, deep transverse wave reflection imaging can only detect inclination angle be 40 °～
The reflector of 90 °.
Owing to reflection wave signal belongs to weak signal, easily being disturbed by borehole environment, stratum noise, reflection acoustic imaging breaks
The explanation of layer is always difficult point.Prior art shortcoming: 1. deep transverse wave reflection imaging reflector is explained and be there is multi-solution；2. compressional wave is anti-
Penetrate imaging and there is no bearing sense；3. the deep transverse wave reflection imaging fault recognition methods of complete set it is formed without.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to the problems referred to above overcoming prior art to exist, it is provided that the other deep transverse wave reflection of tomography of a kind of well
Imaging recognition methods.The present invention solves the difficult problem how utilizing deep transverse wave reflection imaging to accurately identify reflector；Solve as
What combines multiple well-log information or seismic data comprehensively identifies the difficult problem of tomography；Solve the difficult problem how determining fault parameter.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
The other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of a kind of well, it is characterised in that: deep transverse wave reflection imaging processing achievement is entered
Row interpretation and evaluation, identifies reflector, and differentiates whether reflector is tomography, and determined the orientation of well tomography, inclination angle and inclined
To, then contrast with seismic data, determine the developmental state of the other tomography of well.
Identify reflector to comprise the steps:
A1, deep transverse wave reflection image is analyzed, finds the strong reflection energy under weak background noise, it is judged that strong energy on section
Whether amount is true reflector；
A2, with set angle interval carry out orientation imaging, obtain the deep transverse wave reflection image in different azimuth, on image such as
Really the reflected signal of reflector is only visible in certain bearing range, then be judged as real reflector；If in all orientation
The reflected signal of reflector can be seen on image, then cause for noise；
Show on a3, deep transverse wave reflection image that the inclination angle of reflector between 40 °～90 °, is then effective reflector.
In described step a1, it is judged that reflection wave imaging must be concurrently present according to the reflectance signature being true reflector and cut open
On face and corresponding uplink and downlink ripple imaging section.
Differentiate that whether reflector is the identification that tomography included well tomography, cross well tomography be identified as combine conventional logging and know
Other tomography: identify suspicious tomography by Logging Curves variation characteristic, if with deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Reflector is consistent by the degree of depth of well, then be determined as tomography.
Described cross well tomography be identified as combining Electrical imaging identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by Electrical imaging, simultaneously
Determine the degree of depth of this suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if passing through the deep of well with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Degree, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, are then determined as tomography.
Described cross well tomography be identified as combine ultrasonic imaging well logging recognition tomography: being identified by ultrasonic imaging can
Doubt tomography, determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle simultaneously, tendency, if logical with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Cross the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, be then determined as tomography.
Described cross well tomography be identified as combine seismic data identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by seismic data,
Determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification by well simultaneously
The degree of depth, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, are then determined as tomography.
Differentiate that whether reflector is the identification that tomography also includes only well tomography, but well tomography be identified as combine earthquake
Data identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by seismic data, determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency simultaneously, if
Consistent by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification, then it is determined as tomography.
Determine that the developmental state of the other tomography of well comprises the steps:
B1, tomography development length and the determination of distance borehole position: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, determine that tomography prolongs
Elongation and the position of distance well；
B2, the determination in tomography orientation: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, fault strike orientation is that reflector energy is the strongest
Orientation, its vertical section reflector energy is the most weak simultaneously；
B3, the determination at inclination angle: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, determine the angle of fault plane normal direction and well；If
This well is straight well, then the inclination angle of tomography is this angle；If this well is inclined shaft or horizontal well, then need to do hole-deviation correction.
In described step b1, if tomography crosses well, then by conventional logging or Electrical imaging, ultrasonic imaging well logging demarcation tomography
By the degree of depth of well；If the deep tomography of transverse wave reflection imaging identification is same with the tomography of seismic data identification, by ground
Shake data demarcates the growth scale of tomography.
Employing it is an advantage of the current invention that:
One, present invention is characterized in that 1. wave frequency is low, decay is slow, and the horizontal detection degree of depth is big；2. deep transverse wave reflection energy is strong,
Signal to noise ratio is high, and imaging effect is more preferable；3. the imaging of 360 ° of orientation different azimuth of well week, strong according to deep transverse wave reflection energy are utilized
The weak trend determining reflector；Comprehensively identify tomography in conjunction with multiple well-log information or seismic data, eliminate reflector
Multi-solution；In conjunction with multiple well-log information or seismic data, demarcate the degree of depth of tomography, inclination angle, tendency etc., improve fault recognizing
Accuracy.
Two, the scope of application of the present invention: carbonate formation, sand-mudstone formation, shale formation；Tomography can be recognized accurately
(in the range of the other tens of rice of well), determine the occurrence of tomography.
Three, application prospect: 1, be applied to individual well deep transverse wave reflection image logging interpretation and evaluation, for the other geologic body identification of well
Foundation is provided, and then provides support for formation testing scheme selection；2, the reflector being applied to exist multi-solution is explained, is recognized accurately
Tomography, forms the other fault interpretation evaluation methodology of complete well of a set of unification, can promote the use of the other geologic body identification of other wells.
Four, by the method, 13 mouthfuls of Sichuan Basin well is explained evaluation, identify the 6 mouthfuls of wells that have of reflector, accurately
Have identified the tomography of 2 mouthfuls of wells.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is north-south and east-position, west deep transverse wave reflection image；
Fig. 2 is that north-south is to 10 degree of interval scan deep transverse wave reflection imaging section；
Fig. 3 is that Dong-west is to 10 degree of interval scan deep transverse wave reflection imaging section；
Fig. 4 is 50 °, east by south deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
The other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of a kind of well, including: deep transverse wave reflection imaging processing achievement is explained
Evaluate, identify reflector, and differentiate whether reflector is tomography, and determined the orientation of well tomography, inclination angle and tendency, then with
Seismic data contrasts, and determines the developmental state of the other tomography of well.
Identify reflector to comprise the steps:
A1, deep transverse wave reflection image is analyzed, finds the strong reflection energy under weak background noise, it is judged that strong energy on section
Whether amount is true reflector；
A2, with set angle interval carry out orientation imaging, obtain the deep transverse wave reflection image in different azimuth, on image such as
Really the reflected signal of reflector is only visible in certain bearing range, then be judged as real reflector；If in all orientation
The reflected signal of reflector can be seen on image, then cause for noise；
Show on a3, deep transverse wave reflection image that the inclination angle of reflector between 40 °～90 °, is then effective reflector.
In described step a1, it is judged that reflection wave imaging must be concurrently present according to the reflectance signature being true reflector and cut open
On face and corresponding uplink and downlink ripple imaging section.
Differentiate that whether reflector is the identification that tomography included well tomography, cross well tomography be identified as combine conventional logging and know
Other tomography: identify suspicious tomography by Logging Curves variation characteristic, if with deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Reflector is consistent by the degree of depth of well, then be determined as tomography.
Described cross well tomography be identified as combining Electrical imaging identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by Electrical imaging, simultaneously
Determine the degree of depth of this suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if passing through the deep of well with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Degree, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, are then determined as tomography.
Described cross well tomography be identified as combine ultrasonic imaging well logging recognition tomography: being identified by ultrasonic imaging can
Doubt tomography, determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle simultaneously, tendency, if logical with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Cross the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, be then determined as tomography.
Described cross well tomography be identified as combine seismic data identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by seismic data,
Determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification by well simultaneously
The degree of depth, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, are then determined as tomography.
Differentiate that whether reflector is the identification that tomography also includes only well tomography, but well tomography be identified as combine earthquake
Data identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by seismic data, determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency simultaneously, if
Consistent by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification, then it is determined as tomography.
Determine that the developmental state of the other tomography of well comprises the steps:
B1, tomography development length and the determination of distance borehole position: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, determine that tomography prolongs
Elongation and the position of distance well；
B2, the determination in tomography orientation: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, fault strike orientation is that reflector energy is the strongest
Orientation, its vertical section reflector energy is the most weak simultaneously；
B3, the determination at inclination angle: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, determine the angle of fault plane normal direction and well；If
This well is straight well, then the inclination angle of tomography is this angle；If this well is inclined shaft or horizontal well, then need to do hole-deviation correction.
In described step b1, if tomography crosses well, then by conventional logging or Electrical imaging, ultrasonic imaging well logging demarcation tomography
By the degree of depth of well；If the deep tomography of transverse wave reflection imaging identification is same with the tomography of seismic data identification, by ground
Shake data demarcates the growth scale of tomography.
Embodiment 2
The other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of a kind of well, including:
One, deep transverse wave reflection imaging perception reflex body is utilized
The first step: be analyzed deep transverse wave reflection image, finds the strong reflection energy under weak background noise, it is judged that on section
Whether strong energy is true reflector.Basis for estimation is that the reflectance signature of true reflector must be concurrently present in reflection wave imaging
On section and corresponding uplink and downlink ripple imaging section.
Second step: interval carries out orientation imaging at a certain angle, obtains the deep transverse wave reflection image in different azimuth, becomes
If as the reflected signal of the upper reflector of figure is only visible in certain bearing range, being then judged as real reflector；If
The reflected signal of reflector can be seen on all orientation image, then cause for noise.
3rd step: show on deep transverse wave reflection image that the inclination angle of reflector between 40 °～90 °, is then effectively reflection
Body.
Two, the comprehensive identification of tomography
The reflectors such as tomography, crack, bed boundary all can cause the change of reflected energy in deep transverse wave reflection imaging section, because of
This only there may come a time when to be not enough to judge whether reflector is tomography with deep transverse wave reflection imaging, need to combine other well-log informations or
Seismic data, comprehensively identifies in terms of the degree of depth of tomography, size, inclination angle, tendency etc. are several.In general, tomography and crack
Difference be that the former scale scale ratio the latter is big；Tomography and the difference of bed boundary are that the former inclination angle is big, the stratum of the latter
Inclination angle is little.Separately below the tomography crossing well and only two kinds of situations of well is comprehensively identified.
1, the identification of well tomography is crossed
1. conventional logging identification tomography is combined.Identify suspicious tomography by Logging Curves variation characteristic, if with deeply
The reflector of transverse wave reflection image identification is consistent by the degree of depth of well, then be determined as tomography.
2. Electrical imaging identification tomography is combined.Identify suspicious tomography by Electrical imaging, determine the deep of this suspicious tomography simultaneously
Degree, inclination angle, tendency, if consistent by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification,
Then it is determined as tomography.
3. ultrasonic imaging well logging recognition tomography is combined.Identifying suspicious tomography by ultrasonic imaging, determine can simultaneously
Doubt the degree of depth of tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle,
Tendency is consistent, then be determined as tomography.
In conjunction with seismic data identification tomography.Identify suspicious tomography by seismic data, determine suspicious tomography simultaneously
The degree of depth, inclination angle, tendency, if with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency one
Cause, be then determined as tomography.
Any of the above method can individually or comprehensively use.
2 but the identification of well tomography
The scale scale ratio of tomography is relatively big, and tomography is different from bed boundary inclination angle, identifies tomography in conjunction with seismic data, method and
The above-mentioned recognition methods crossing well tomographyIdentical.
Three, fault parameter is determined
The first step, tomography development length and the determination of distance borehole position.By deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, can be the most true
Make tomography development length and the position of distance well；If tomography crosses well, then can be by conventional logging or Electrical imaging, ultrasound wave one-tenth
As the tomography degree of depth by well is demarcated in well logging；If the deep tomography of transverse wave reflection imaging identification with the tomography of seismic data identification is
Same, can demarcate the growth scale of tomography by seismic data.
Second step, the determination in tomography orientation.By deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, fault strike orientation is reflection physical ability
Measuring the strongest orientation, its vertical section reflector energy is the most weak simultaneously.The orientation of tomography can use Electrical imaging, ultrasonic imaging,
Shake data etc. is demarcated, method ibid " tomography comprehensive identification " method 2., method 3., method。
3rd step, the determination at inclination angle.By deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, first determine fault plane normal direction and well
Angle.If this well is straight well, then the inclination angle of tomography is this angle；If this well is inclined shaft or horizontal well, then need to do hole deviation
Correction.The inclination angle of tomography can be demarcated with Electrical imaging, ultrasonic imaging, seismic data etc., method ibid " the comprehensive knowledge of tomography
Not " method 2., method 3., method。
Embodiment 3
Fig. 1 is certain well north-south and deep transverse wave reflection image on east-position, west, and in figure, first, second road is ordinary curve road；
Three, the seven roads are depth value；Four, the 6th roads are north-south orientation uplink and downlink echo profile, show with oscillogram；5th
Road is north-south orientation deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, shows with variable density；Eight, the nine, the tenth roads are respectively east-west
The deep transverse wave reflection image in position and corresponding uplink and downlink wave reflection section.In X075m-X175m section, north-south and east-position, west
All there are strong reflection energy in deep transverse wave reflection imaging section and on upgoing wave section, meet reflector feature.It is worth
Illustrate be that in figure the direction of arrow indicates to the left is the mirror image of this reflector, generally at high angle, the deep transverse wave reflection of strong energy
In imaging section it will be seen that its producing cause be uplink and downlink wavelength-division from remnants.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 are respectively this well with north-south, east-position, west as starting point, and turn clockwise with 10 ° for interval is deep horizontal
Wave reflection imaging section figure, as can be seen from the figure different azimuth deep transverse wave reflection energy variation is obvious, it determines for effectively reflection
Body.
Larger in view of reflector, bigger for bed boundary or tomography probability；This well is straight well, bed boundary inclination angle
Less, get rid of the possibility for bed boundary, this reflector of comprehensive descision is tomography.
Can be seen that the deep transverse wave reflection energy in 50 °, east by south is the strongest from Fig. 2, Fig. 3, meanwhile, 50 °, its vertical section north by east
On without any reflected energy, therefore judge that the orientation of moving towards of this tomography is 50 °, east by south.
Fig. 4 is 50 °, east by south deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, and from figure, the 5th road can determine that the depth of tomography is long
About 125 m, tomography bottom and top distance borehole axis distance respectively 11.7 m and 22.3m, inclination angle is 85 °.
Claims (10)
1. the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of well, it is characterised in that: to deep transverse wave reflection imaging processing achievement
Explain evaluation, identify reflector, and differentiate whether reflector is tomography, and determined the orientation of well tomography, inclination angle and
Tendency, then contrast with seismic data, determine the developmental state of the other tomography of well.
The other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of well the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: identify reflection
Body comprises the steps:
A1, deep transverse wave reflection image is analyzed, finds the strong reflection energy under weak background noise, it is judged that strong energy on section
Whether amount is true reflector；
A2, with set angle interval carry out orientation imaging, obtain the deep transverse wave reflection image in different azimuth, on image such as
Really the reflected signal of reflector is only visible in certain bearing range, then be judged as real reflector；If in all orientation
The reflected signal of reflector can be seen on image, then cause for noise；
Show on a3, deep transverse wave reflection image that the inclination angle of reflector between 40 °～90 °, is then effective reflector.
The other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of well the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described step a1
In, it is judged that according to be the reflectance signature of true reflector must be concurrently present in reflection wave imaging section and corresponding upper,
In down going wave imaging section.
4. according to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of the well described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: differentiate
Whether reflector is the identification that tomography included well tomography, cross well tomography be identified as combine conventional logging identification tomography: pass through
Logging Curves variation characteristic identifies suspicious tomography, if passing through well with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification
The degree of depth of eye is consistent, then be determined as tomography.
5. according to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of the well described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described
That crosses well tomography is identified as combining Electrical imaging identification tomography: identify suspicious tomography by Electrical imaging, determines that this is suspicious disconnected simultaneously
The degree of depth of layer, inclination angle, tendency, if with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, tendency
Unanimously, then tomography it is determined as.
6. according to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of the well described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described
That crosses well tomography is identified as combining ultrasonic imaging well logging recognition tomography: identify suspicious tomography by ultrasonic imaging, simultaneously
Determining the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if passing through the deep of well with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification
Degree, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, are then determined as tomography.
7. according to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of the well described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: described
That crosses well tomography is identified as combining seismic data identification tomography: identifies suspicious tomography by seismic data, determines suspicious simultaneously
The degree of depth of tomography, inclination angle, tendency, if with the reflector of deep transverse wave reflection image identification by the degree of depth of well, inclination angle, inclined
To unanimously, then it is determined as tomography.
8. according to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of the well described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: differentiate
Whether reflector is the identification that tomography also includes only well tomography, but well tomography be identified as combine seismic data identification and break
Layer: identify suspicious tomography by seismic data, determine the degree of depth of suspicious tomography, inclination angle, tendency simultaneously, if anti-with deep shear wave
Penetrate the reflector degree of depth by well of image identification, inclination angle, tendency unanimously, be then determined as tomography.
9. according to the other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of the well described in claim 1,2 or 3, it is characterised in that: determine
The developmental state of the other tomography of well comprises the steps:
B1, tomography development length and the determination of distance borehole position: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, determine that tomography prolongs
Elongation and the position of distance well；
B2, the determination in tomography orientation: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, fault strike orientation is that reflector energy is the strongest
Orientation, its vertical section reflector energy is the most weak simultaneously；
B3, the determination at inclination angle: by deep transverse wave reflection imaging section figure, determine the angle of fault plane normal direction and well；If
This well is straight well, then the inclination angle of tomography is this angle；If this well is inclined shaft or horizontal well, then need to do hole-deviation correction.
The other tomography deep transverse wave reflection imaging recognition methods of well the most according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: described step
In b1, if tomography crosses well, then by conventional logging or Electrical imaging, the ultrasonic imaging well logging demarcation tomography degree of depth by well；
If the deep tomography of transverse wave reflection imaging identification is same with the tomography of seismic data identification, demarcate tomography by seismic data
Growth scale.
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