CN106208803A - Utilize rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor and electric excitation method thereof thereof that single mode drives - Google Patents

Utilize rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor and electric excitation method thereof thereof that single mode drives Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106208803A
CN106208803A CN201610587816.8A CN201610587816A CN106208803A CN 106208803 A CN106208803 A CN 106208803A CN 201610587816 A CN201610587816 A CN 201610587816A CN 106208803 A CN106208803 A CN 106208803A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
stator
mover
motor
rectangular block
single mode
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Pending
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CN201610587816.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
姚志远
刘振
付前卫
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Priority to CN201610587816.8A priority Critical patent/CN106208803A/en
Publication of CN106208803A publication Critical patent/CN106208803A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/028Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors along multiple or arbitrary translation directions, e.g. XYZ stages
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02NELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/02Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing linear motion, e.g. actuators; Linear positioners ; Linear motors
    • H02N2/06Drive circuits; Control arrangements or methods
    • H02N2/065Large signal circuits, e.g. final stages
    • H02N2/067Large signal circuits, e.g. final stages generating drive pulses

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of novel rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor utilizing single mode to drive and electric excitation method thereof thereof, belong to ultrasound electric machine field.This motor is made up of stator, mover, base and support device, wherein mover directly by screw fastened on base, stator then by support device be placed on base.The support device of motor is made up of rotary apparatus and precompression bringing device, and it is spacing that rotary apparatus is mainly used in motor stator, and precompression bringing device is mainly used in determining the loading of precompression between mover.This motor utilizes the single mode of stator to drive mover motion, there is not the frequency invariance problem of composite mode motor;Additionally this motor has drivable frequency domain width, operational efficiency is high, thrust output is big, thrust-weight ratio is big, assembly is few, simple in construction, be prone to miniaturization and the feature such as integrated.

Description

Utilize rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor and electric excitation method thereof thereof that single mode drives
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor utilizing single mode to drive and electric excitation method thereof thereof, belong to Technical field in ultrasound electric machine.
Background technology
Ultrasound electric machine is the novel micro machine of one developing rapidly and applying the eighties in 20th century, and it utilizes piezoelectric element Inverse piezoelectric effect and the supersonic vibration of metal derby, and by the rubbing action between stator and mover, shaking a little metal derby Dynamic macroscopical straight line (rotation) motion being converted into mover, pushes directly on load.It has compact conformation, low-speed big, response Hurry up, positioning precision is high and the advantage such as Electro Magnetic Compatibility.Widely should have in Aero-Space, weaponry and precision actuation field Use prospect.
Quickly, Tsing-Hua University, Nanjing Aero-Space University, Harbin industry are greatly in the research and development of current domestic ultrasound electric machine Xue Deng colleges and universities successively expand research to linear ultrasonic motor.Linear ultrasonic motor is the one of ultrasound electric machine, surpasses according to straight line Simultaneously participating in the number of the resonance mode of work during the work of acoustic-electric machine, linear ultrasonic motor can be divided into composite mode to drive and single Mode drives two classes.
Online at Chinese patent, disclosing Application No. 200610132316.1 successively, entitled " prism longitudinal bend is combined Vibrator line ultrasonic electromotor ", Application No. 200810124426.2 entitled " K shape straight line based on Continuous Drive rod principle surpass Acoustic-electric machine " etc. composite mode drive linear ultrasonic motor patent.But the linear ultrasonic motor that these composite modes drive has One common shortcoming, it is simply that requiring that the frequency of two or more operation modes of motor is consistent, this requirement not only reduces The motility of design of electrical motor, also add the manufacturing cost of motor, and also make that the drivable frequency domain of motor becomes is narrow.Additionally existing In the ultrasound electric machine patent that disclosed composite mode drives, the mode of oscillation of linear ultrasonic motor oscillator mostly is second order or high-order shakes Being combined between dynamic model state, its vibration shape is complex.
Relative to the patent numbers of composite mode motor, the patent numbers of single mode motor is the most less.Special in China Profit disclose on the net Application No. 200910184876.5 entitled " bidirectional single-mode inclined track V-shaped linear ultrasonic motor and Electric excitation mode " single mode linear ultrasonic motor patent.This linear ultrasonic motor has two Langevin-type transducers by driving foot It is connected to form v-shaped structure;Its operation principle is the symmetric and anti-symmetric mode being inspired v-shaped structure by electric excitation respectively, with This realizes the bidirectional-movement of motor.But the driving of this motor foot is connected with two level luffing bars (Langevin-type transducer), this Plant mechanical performance and the reliability of structure influence linear ultrasonic motor;The operation mode additionally chosen remains high frequent vibration mould State, adds the energy loss of motor.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention devises a rectangular block shape line ultrasonic utilizing single mode to drive electricity Machine.This motor utilize two uncoupled low order mode of oscillations of oscillator to realize the bidirectional-movement of motor, relative to utilize height Its mechanical efficiency of linear ultrasonic motor that order mode state drives is expected to be improved that it is simple and compact for structure, is easy to design, is prone to Miniaturization.
Present invention design utilize the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives, this motor includes stator 1, mover 2, base 5 and support device;Described mover 2 is directly anchored on base 5;Stator 1 is angled with mover 2 by supporting device Interfix, and be arranged on base;Wherein, friction plate 4 is posted in the side of described mover 2;Described stator 1 is provided with driving foot 16, described driving foot 16 contacts with friction plate 4, and one end of described stator 1 is hinged on base 5 by support device, another Hold and support that device contacts;This motor utilizes the single mode of stator 1 to drive mover 2 to move: when stator 1 is at single order bending vibration modes During lower work, stator 1 promotes mover along X-axis positive movement;When stator 1 works under single order longitudinal vibration mode, stator 1 promotes dynamic Son 2 is along X-axis adverse movement.
Described stator 1 includes metal derby 11, piezoelectric ceramics 12, electrode slice 13, accommodates element 14 and screw 15;Described piezoelectricity Pottery 12 is arranged in pairs, and is provided with electrode slice 13 between every pair of piezoelectric ceramics 12;Described blessing element 14 is arranged on stator 1 interposition Putting, piezoelectric ceramics 12 and the electrode slice 13 of both sides are symmetrical;It is provided with metal derby 11 in the outside of outermost piezoelectric ceramics 12;Pressure Electroceramics 12, electrode slice 13, blessing element 14 and metal derby 11 are coaxially connected by screw 15.
Described blessing element 14 two ends are round end 141 and force side 142, and described support device includes rotary apparatus 31 He Precompression bringing device 32;Wherein, described round end 141 is hinged on base 5 by rotary apparatus 31, and force side 142 is passed through Precompression bringing device 32 is to fixed and moving sub-applying precompression.
The rectangular bulk of shape of described stator 1, stator drives foot 16 to be positioned on an angle of rectangular block.
Described stator 1 uses the piezoelectric ceramics 12 of area polarizing, polairzed area one electrode slice of layout that each two is relative 13。
Described precompression bringing device 32 includes screw, base tightening piece and high-strength spring, described base tightening piece Being fixed on base 5, described high-strength spring applies power load by rotary screw to force side 142.
A kind of rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor utilizing single mode to drive and electric excitation method thereof, by electrode slice 13 points Become a group 17 and b group 18, when applying sine or the square-wave voltage that phase contrast is 0 degree respectively to a, b two arrays of electrodes sheet 13, stator 1 Working under single order longitudinal vibration mode, now stator 1 promotes mover 2 along X-axis adverse movement;It is 180 when a, b two groups applies phase contrast When the sine of degree or square-wave voltage, stator 1 works under single order bending vibration modes, and now stator 1 along X-axis is just promoting mover (2) To motion.
The mechanical output performance of ultrasound electric machine is changed by controlling the angular dimension between stator 1 and mover 2.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
In the present invention, stator design has the operation mode of two different frequencies, when stator works under any one mode, fixed Son drives the movement locus of foot surface particle to be a skew lines relative to guide rail, and the incline direction of skew lines is with Working mould The change of state and change, thus promote mover to carry out linear motion forward or backwards;Secondly in prior art, line ultrasonic electricity The stator mode of oscillation of machine mostly is second order or the coupling of high frequent vibration mode, and the vibration shape is complex, and the stator of present invention design Use single order longitudinal vibration and single order bending vibration the two lower mode, couple also without two mode, the vibration shape of stator simultaneously The simplest;The most existing Ultrasonic Motor Techniques drives foot be often connected with multiple horn, make designed linear ultrasonic motor Mechanical efficiency and stability reduce, and the parts that the linear ultrasonic motor in the present invention is comprised are few, only one of which oscillator (V Shape motor has two Langevin-type transducers), it is favorably improved efficiency and the stability of linear ultrasonic motor;Simultaneously in the present invention Linear ultrasonic motor has drivable frequency domain width, operational efficiency is high, thrust output is big, thrust-weight ratio is big, assembly is few, structure is simple Single, be prone to miniaturization and the feature such as integrated.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that the present invention utilizes single mode to drive;
Fig. 2 is the assembling mode of stator in the present invention, piezoelectric ceramics polarised direction and electric excitation mode schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of motor stator single order bending vibration modes in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of motor stator single order longitudinal vibration mode in the present invention;
Label declaration in figure: 1 stator;11 metal derbies;12 piezoelectric ceramics;121 without silver layer district;122 excitation region;13 electrode slices;14 Accommodate element;141 round ends;142 force sides;15 screws;16 drive foot;The 17 a group signals of telecommunication;The 18 b group signals of telecommunication;19 І District;20th II district;2 movers;3 support device;4 friction potteries;5 bases;The track of foot is driven during 6 single order bending vibration;Stretching of 7 stators Length or shrinkage direction;The track of foot is driven during 8 single order longitudinal vibration.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention discloses a kind of novel rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor utilizing single mode to drive and electric excitation thereof Method.
Embodiments of the present invention are discussed in detail below, and the embodiment being described with reference to the drawings in literary composition is exemplary, It is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
A kind of novel rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor such as Fig. 1 utilizing single mode to drive designed by the present invention, 2 institutes Showing, this motor includes stator 1, mover 2, base 5 and supports device 31,32;It is characterized in that, described mover 2 directly passes through spiral shell Clench and be scheduled on base 5;By support device 31,32 be placed on base 5 on angled with mover 2 of stator 1.Wherein, Friction plate 4 is posted in the side of described mover 2;Described stator 1 is provided with driving foot 16, round end 141 and force side 142, and it drives Action spot 16 contacts with friction plate 4, and described round end 141 is hinged on base 5 by rotary apparatus 31, described force side 142 Contact with precompression bringing device 32.
Concrete, mover 2 screw is directly anchored on base 5, and the major function of mover 2 is to obtain linear motion;Rub Wipe potsherd 4 to be attached on the side of mover 2, mainly for the frictional force increased between stator 1 and mover 2 and stablizing of contacting Property;By support device 3 be placed on base 5 on angled with mover 2 of stator 1.Stator 1 is by metal derby 11, piezoelectricity pottery Porcelain 12, electrode slice 13, blessing element 14 and screw 15 form;Support that device 3 has rotary apparatus 31 and precompression bringing device 32 Composition.The blessing element 14 of stator 1 has round end 141 and force side 142 to constitute, and round end 141 is hinged by rotary apparatus 31 On base 5, it is ensured that stator 1 can only rotate can not translation, fixed and moving son is executed by force side 142 by precompression bringing device 32 Add precompression.Precompression bringing device 32 is made up of screw, base tightening piece and high-strength spring, determines the precompression between mover Size can change by rotating screw in precompression bringing device 32.The rectangular bulk of shape of motor stator 1, stator drives Action spot 16 is positioned on a corner of rectangular block.Stator 1 has even slice piezoelectric ceramics 12 and being distributed in of electrode slice 13 symmetry to add Hold the both sides of element 14.Stator 1 uses the piezoelectric ceramics 12 of area polarizing, and the relative polairzed area 122 of each two arranges one Electrode slice 13.
As in figure 2 it is shown, described stator includes metal derby 11, piezoelectric ceramics 12, electrode slice 13, accommodates element 14 and screw 15;Described piezoelectric ceramics 12 is arranged in pairs, and is provided with electrode slice 13 between every pair of piezoelectric ceramics 12;Described blessing element 14 is arranged on Centre position, the piezoelectric ceramics 12 and the electrode slice 13 that accommodate element 14 both sides are symmetrical;Outside outermost piezoelectric ceramics 12 Side is provided with metal derby 11, and piezoelectric ceramics 12, electrode slice 13, blessing element 14 and metal derby 11 are coaxially connected by screw 15.
Described blessing element 14 two ends are round end 141 and force side 142, and described support device 31,32 includes rotating dress Put 31 and precompression bringing device 32;Wherein, described round end 141 is hinged on base 5 by rotary apparatus 31, force side 142 pass through precompression bringing device 32 to fixed and moving sub-applying precompression.
A kind of polarised direction of the novel rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor stator piezoelectric ceramics utilizing single mode to drive And electric excitation mode is as shown in Figure 2.This stator 1 utilizes the d of piezoelectric ceramics 1233Effect, has stronger mechanical-electric coupling, necessarily The output of motor is improve in degree.Porose two faces of piezoelectric ceramics 12 have positive pole and negative pole point, indicate positive pole A region 121 not having silver layer is had in the middle of plane.Four plate electrode sheets 13 of stator are divided into a group 17 and b with screw 15 for axis of symmetry Group 18, when a, b two groups applies sine (rectangle) the ripple signal of telecommunication that phase contrast is 0 degree, stator 1 is work under single order longitudinal vibration mode Make;When a, b two groups applies sine (rectangle) the ripple signal of telecommunication that phase contrast is 180 degree, stator 1 is work under single order bending vibration modes Make.
Operation mode such as Fig. 3 of a kind of novel rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor stator utilizing single mode to drive, 4 institutes Show.Describe the vibrational state of the stator 1 of motor for convenience, stator 1 is divided into district 19 and region, 20 two, IIth district.At stator 1 Under single order bending vibration modes, the district 19 of stator 1 can extend or shrink 7 and II district 20 can shrink or extend 7, drives foot 16 end face matter The movement locus of point does reciprocal skew lines motion 6 relative to mover 2, and then promotes mover 2 along X-axis positive movement;Same, If stator is under single order longitudinal vibration mode, as shown in Figure 4, district 19 and II district 20 extend simultaneously or shrink the vibration mode of stator 1 7, drive the particle motion trace of foot 16 end faces also to do reciprocal skew lines motion 8 relative to mover 2, and the inclining of skew lines 8 Tilted direction is different from during single order bending vibration, thus promotes mover 2 along X-axis adverse movement.
A kind of novel rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor utilizing single mode to drive, utilizes the single mode of stator to drive dynamic , there is not the frequency invariance problem of composite mode motor in son motion;Additionally this motor has drivable frequency domain width, runs effect Rate is high, thrust output is big, thrust-weight ratio is big, assembly is few, simple in construction, be prone to miniaturization and the advantage such as integrated.

Claims (8)

1. utilizing the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives, this motor includes stator (1), mover (2), base (5) and support device;It is characterized in that, described mover (2) is directly anchored on base (5);Stator (1) and mover (2) angulation Being interfixed by support device of degree, and be arranged on base;Wherein, friction plate (4) is posted in the side of described mover (2); Described stator (1) is provided with driving foot (16), and described driving foot (16) contacts with friction plate (4), one end of described stator (1) By supporting device hinged on base (5), the other end contacts with support device;This motor utilizes the single mode of stator (1) Driving mover (2) motion: when stator (1) works under single order bending vibration modes, stator (1) promotes mover along X-axis positive movement; When stator (1) works under single order longitudinal vibration mode, stator (1) promotes mover (2) along X-axis adverse movement.
Utilize the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fixed Son (1) includes metal derby (11), piezoelectric ceramics (12), electrode slice (13), accommodates element (14) and screw (15);Described piezoelectricity is made pottery Porcelain (12) is arranged in pairs, and is provided with electrode slice (13) between every pair of piezoelectric ceramics (12);Described blessing element (14) is arranged on stator (1) centre position, piezoelectric ceramics (12) and the electrode slice (13) of both sides are symmetrical;Outside in outermost piezoelectric ceramics (12) It is provided with metal derby (11);Piezoelectric ceramics (12), electrode slice (13), blessing element (14) and metal derby (11) are by screw (15) Coaxially connected.
Utilize the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives the most as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that described in add Holding element (14) two ends is round end (141) and force side (142), and described support device includes rotary apparatus (31) and precompression Bringing device (32);Wherein, described round end (141) is hinged on base (5) by rotary apparatus (31), force side (142) By precompression bringing device (32) to fixed and moving sub-applying precompression.
Utilize the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives the most as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described fixed The rectangular bulk of shape of son (1), stator drives foot (16) to be positioned on an angle of rectangular block.
5. utilize, as described in claims 1 to 3, the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives, it is characterised in that institute State stator (1) and use the piezoelectric ceramics (12) of area polarizing, polairzed area one electrode slice (13) of layout that each two is relative.
Utilize the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives the most as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that described pre- Pressure applying means (32) includes that screw, base tightening piece and high-strength spring, described base tightening piece are fixed on base (5) On, described high-strength spring applies power load by rotary screw to force side (142).
7. the electric excitation method thereof of the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that a kind utilizes single mode to drive, it is characterised in that by electrode Sheet (13) is divided into a group (17) and b group (18), applies sine or the rectangle that phase contrast is 0 degree respectively to a, b two arrays of electrodes sheet (13) During wave voltage, stator (1) works under single order longitudinal vibration mode, and now stator (1) promotes mover (2) along X-axis adverse movement;When a, When b two groups applies sine or the square-wave voltage that phase contrast is 180 degree, stator (1) works under single order bending vibration modes, now fixed Son (1) promotes mover (2) along X-axis positive movement.
Utilizing the electric excitation method thereof of the rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor that single mode drives the most as claimed in claim 7, it is special Levy and be, change the mechanical output performance of ultrasound electric machine by controlling the angular dimension between stator (1) and mover (2).
CN201610587816.8A 2016-07-25 2016-07-25 Utilize rectangular block shape linear ultrasonic motor and electric excitation method thereof thereof that single mode drives Pending CN106208803A (en)

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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108390587A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-08-10 南京航空航天大学 The double-driving foot door type linear ultrasonic motor and control method of single mode driving
CN110048636A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-07-23 西安科技大学 Piezoelectric supersonic driver and its application method based on longitudinal-shaking sandwich formula energy converter
CN111726030A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-29 南京航空航天大学 Linear ultrasonic motor and constant pre-pressure applying method thereof
CN112260577A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-22 南京工程学院 Longitudinal-bending coupling type linear ultrasonic motor based on anisotropic eccentric stator
CN112600459A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-04-02 南京航空航天大学 Linear piezoelectric transmission device based on static friction and working method thereof
CN115360933A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-18 合肥工业大学 Single-mode miniature ultrasonic motor based on asymmetric structure
CN116494277A (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-07-28 季华实验室 Rotary driving mechanism, mechanical clamping jaw and excitation method of mechanical clamping jaw

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108390587A (en) * 2018-01-31 2018-08-10 南京航空航天大学 The double-driving foot door type linear ultrasonic motor and control method of single mode driving
CN110048636A (en) * 2019-04-19 2019-07-23 西安科技大学 Piezoelectric supersonic driver and its application method based on longitudinal-shaking sandwich formula energy converter
CN111726030A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-09-29 南京航空航天大学 Linear ultrasonic motor and constant pre-pressure applying method thereof
CN111726030B (en) * 2020-05-25 2021-05-25 南京航空航天大学 Linear ultrasonic motor and constant pre-pressure applying method thereof
CN112260577A (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-01-22 南京工程学院 Longitudinal-bending coupling type linear ultrasonic motor based on anisotropic eccentric stator
CN112260577B (en) * 2020-09-24 2021-11-26 南京工程学院 Longitudinal-bending coupling type linear ultrasonic motor based on anisotropic eccentric stator
CN112600459A (en) * 2020-11-11 2021-04-02 南京航空航天大学 Linear piezoelectric transmission device based on static friction and working method thereof
CN115360933A (en) * 2022-08-19 2022-11-18 合肥工业大学 Single-mode miniature ultrasonic motor based on asymmetric structure
CN115360933B (en) * 2022-08-19 2024-03-08 合肥工业大学 Single-mode miniature ultrasonic motor based on asymmetric structure
CN116494277A (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-07-28 季华实验室 Rotary driving mechanism, mechanical clamping jaw and excitation method of mechanical clamping jaw
CN116494277B (en) * 2023-06-29 2023-09-12 季华实验室 Rotary driving mechanism, mechanical clamping jaw and excitation method of mechanical clamping jaw

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