CN106208588A - A kind of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication have gear hub motor - Google Patents
A kind of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication have gear hub motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN106208588A CN106208588A CN201610763774.9A CN201610763774A CN106208588A CN 106208588 A CN106208588 A CN 106208588A CN 201610763774 A CN201610763774 A CN 201610763774A CN 106208588 A CN106208588 A CN 106208588A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K23/00—DC commutator motors or generators having mechanical commutator; Universal AC/DC commutator motors
- H02K23/58—Motors or generators without iron cores
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K5/00—Casings; Enclosures; Supports
- H02K5/04—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
- H02K5/12—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas
- H02K5/128—Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof specially adapted for operating in liquid or gas using air-gap sleeves or air-gap discs
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
- H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
- H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
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- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication has gear hub motor, including left end cap, right end cap, main shaft and wheel hub, described left end cap passes through clutch shaft bearing and the first oil-sealing sleeve on main shaft, left end cap, right end cap or wheel hub are provided with pouring orifice, right end cap passes through the second bearing and the second oil-sealing sleeve on main shaft, left end cap and right end cap are connected with wheel hub by sealing ring, described left end cap is connected with sun gear gear ring by reducing gear, sun gear gear ring is fixed on motor, by driven by motor sun gear ring gear against rotation, thus drive left end cap to rotate by reducing gear, thus drive hub rotation.The present invention, under keeping axis structure premise, uses the planetary gear reducing mechanism of double reduction, both ensure that the reliability of hub motor structure, the high speed performance of disc type iron core-free direct current generator can be made again to be not fully exerted；And reducing gear uses hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, the transmission efficiency of motor is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to there is gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, belong to machine field.
Background technology
Electrical salf-walking is automobile-used gear hub motor, is usually and disposes high-speed driving motor in wheel hub, uses planetary gear
Reducing gear drives hub rotation, have employed the dead axle planetary gear reducing mechanism of primary speed-down, and on its pinion frame
Being combined with mono-directional overrun clutch, the coasting ability using the bicycle of this wheel hub motor to remain bicycle is ridden with scrunching
Function, but the mileages of continuation of bicycle does not obtain substantial raising, this driving motor having gear hub motor to use
Being actually the low speed wheel hub motor that diameter reduces, its rotating speed is usually no more than 1500 revs/min, stricti jurise is said also
Being not really is high-speed electric expreess locomotive, and speed reducing ratio is usually 1:4.3, and wheel hub motor is poor to the adaptability in wheel footpath, and this is built in
Driving motor in wheel hub, its winding, permanent magnet etc. are open in wheel hub, it is impossible to use lubricating oil to be lubricated,
Reducing gear transmission efficiency is the highest, and mechanical wear is bigger.
China Patent No. 201010247971.8 discloses a kind of ultrathin high-power direct current magnetoelectric motor, it is proposed that Yi Zhongyou
Choosing use flat enamel-covered wire coiling outer ring be shaped as sector coil, be superimposed to form coil windings, Single-layer Windings around
After making, coat fixing glue on its surface and be fixed, in winding is arranged on the groove of stator frame and by interior trim ring and external pressure
Circle is fixing.Actual situation is, it is ensured that the outer ring of coil is shaped as sector, and the area of the triangular inner hole of coil needs enough
Greatly, the number of turn of minimizing winding, and the coil of so coiling, stator disc space availability ratio is low, and magnetic field concentration is poor, for reducing magnetic flux
Loss, permanent magnet must have enough radical lengths, and therefore interior trim ring, outer trim ring are the least, only with the overlapping region of fan-shaped winding
The coil windings coating fixing glue on surface is easy to as clockwork feed, under the situations such as vibration, heating, damage of falling apart.
And using the coil of round conductor coiling, then the round wire needing the yield strength selecting line footpath less low could keep outer loop-shaped
For sector, it is also not possible to produce powerful direct current permanent magnet motor.The heavy-duty motor of big electric current will necessarily produce more
Heat, it is desirable to have heat sink conception reliably, this invention have employed high intensity, high rigidity, punching resistance heat-resisting, resistance to, aging-resistant work
The stator frame of engineering plastics precision injection molding, its thermal conductivity coefficient typically only have 0.04W/mK, and the coil of flat wire coiling around
Group requires that the air gap flux density of stator disc both sides is the most equal, and the rotor disk fixing by two bearings at flat thin stator frame center is very
Difficult that meet the highest requirement, rotor disk slightly biases flat enamel wire coil and will generate heat, and the highest heat production of rotating speed is more
Many, substantial amounts of heat is closed in rotor disk, also cannot be dissipated by the stator frame that engineering plastics are made, and its technical scheme is originally
Body just has significant deficiency.
China Patent No. 201010289645.3 discloses a kind of energy-saving hub motor, have employed disc type iron core-free equally straight
Stream motor, and using electric vehicle hub as rotor disk, directly by In-wheel motor driving electric motor car, this invention is also combined in wheel hub
The disc type iron core-free electromotor that version is identical, is used for collecting electric energy produced by car braking and recharges to accumulator, from
And play energy-conservation effect.Substantially, the inductance value of disc type iron core-free direct current generator is less, belongs to the category of low-power machine, its
The most prominent advantage is high rpm low torque and without magnetic hysteresis resistance, and the efficiency during slow-speed of revolution is the lowest, and to motor merit on market
Rate requires the low speed sightseeing electric car of less 72V voltage, and its motor rated power has also required that 5000W, on electric vehicle hub
The pitch circle of hub stud holes is limited to the space between the pitch circle in rim bolt hole, arranges high-power in the space that this is limited
Disc type iron core-free direct current generator and disc type iron core-free electromotor cannot accomplish, moreover by the description of this invention, this is energy-conservation
The electric motor car of wheel hub motor can only install the solid tyre without inflation.
Application number 201310033295.8 discloses a kind of disc type iron core-free permanent magnet DC motor, is the electricity of an axle rotation
Machine, it the technical scheme is that the axial symmetry conical ring Circular Winding that coil windings is made up of multi-section circular arc, conical ring
Most advanced and sophisticated near stator axle center, form two different internal diameter sizes after the central axis trisection of axial symmetry conical ring, wherein bore
The internal diameter at shape ring tip is 2/3rds of another internal diameter, and this Circular Winding, the space availability ratio of stator disc is the lowest, magnetic field collection
Poly-property is worse, and " stator armature winding uses non iron-core structure, directly has winding to be molded " mentioned in scheme, also without realizing
Possibility, injection moulding process is cannot put unordered winding outlet in order, conforming product rate can be the lowest.This invention " annular around
In group, interval arranges hall magnetic sensor ", especially against the scheme of general knowledge, nine pins of three Hall elements, need
Being concatenated by wire in the least inter-air space, its technology difficulty is very big, and is arranged on the Hall in the middle of Circular Winding
Sensor, its metal pin can generate heat rapidly under action of alternating magnetic field, burn Hall element.
The patent No. 201310310431.3 discloses a kind of disc type iron core-free permanent-magnet brushless DC electric machine, have employed and apply for
The annulus winding that a kind of disc type iron core-free permanent magnet DC motor disclosed in numbers 201310033295.8 is similar, it is away from axle head
Arc radius be proximate to 1.5-2 times of arc radius of axle head, the arc radius of two stringcourse parts is remote from the circular arc of axle head
3-5 times of radius, the space availability ratio of stator disc is the lowest, and magnetic field concentration is worse, and coil windings lacks stopping means,
It is difficult to limiting coil in axial displacement；This invention motor have employed the disc type iron core-free unidirectional current that a kind of outer rotor case rotates
Machine, goal of the invention is indefinite, and the specific aim arranging four O-ring seals is not strong, and motor lacks PTO and fixing dress
Putting, the bearing that on motor shaft, two kinds of specifications of employing are totally different the most seemingly has improper, and motor uses without position hall position sensor, starts
Time motor there will be shake hysteresis phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of employing the most high-revolving
Disc type iron core-free direct current generator is to drive motor, has gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, is keeping axis structure
Under premise, use the planetary gear reducing mechanism of double reduction, it is ensured that the reliability of hub motor structure；And owing to slowing down
The alternative of mechanism's speed reducing ratio is relatively strong, and improve present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication has gear hub motor to electrical salf-walking
The adaptability of Wheel specification.
Technical scheme: for solve above-mentioned technical problem, a kind of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication of the present invention have gear hub electricity
Machine, including left end cap, right end cap, main shaft and wheel hub, described left end cap by clutch shaft bearing and the first oil-sealing sleeve on main shaft, left
End cap or right end cap or wheel hub are provided with pouring orifice, right end cap by the second bearing and the second oil-sealing sleeve on main shaft, left end cap
Being connected with wheel hub by sealing ring with right end cap, described left end cap is connected with sun gear gear ring by reducing gear, solar wheeling tooth
Circle is fixed on motor, by driven by motor sun gear ring gear against rotation, thus drives left end cap to rotate by reducing gear, thus
Driving hub rotation, left end cap, right end cap and wheel hub pass through the first oil sealing, the second oil sealing and sealing ring by reducing gear and motor
Seal；Described reducing gear comprises planet carrier, several the first row star-wheels, several the second planetary gear and centre wheels, and described
One planetary gear engages with sun gear gear ring, and the first row star-wheel and the second planetary gear are coaxially connected by rotary shaft, and rotary shaft is passed through
3rd bearing is arranged on planet carrier, and planet carrier is enclosed within main shaft, and the second planetary gear is nibbled with the centre wheel being fixed on left end cap
Close.
As preferably, described planet carrier is sleeved on main shaft, and central hole has keyway wherein, the convex shelves on main shaft lean on
Mountain positions, by jump ring, pivot pin and spindle lock.
As preferably, described motor comprises stator disc, described main shaft is cased with the first disc, the 4th bearing successively, determines
It is cased with the first rotor dish, the second disc and on sub-disk, the second disc and the 5th bearing, the first disc and the 4th bearing
Being cased with the second rotor disk on five bearings, the inner side of the first rotor dish and the second rotor disk is respectively equipped with the first groove, the first groove
Permanent magnet is inside installed, described stator disc is provided with several uniform coils of circumference, outside the first rotor dish and sun gear
Gear ring is fixing to be connected, and exports moment of torsion by sun gear gear ring, and described sun gear gear ring is provided with first row oilhole, on the second rotor disk
It is provided with second row oilhole.
As preferably, described stator plate central is embedded with heat conduction ring, and heat conduction ring is enclosed within main shaft.
As preferably, the end of described the first rotor dish is provided with annulus boss, and it is recessed that the end of the second rotor disk is provided with annulus
Groove, annulus boss is inserted in ring groove, and annulus boss is provided with sealing joint strip by close to the first rotor dish and the second rotor disk
Envelope.
As preferably, described permanent magnet is fan-shaped Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, and its radical length is the inside and outside of fan-shaped permanent magnet
Semidiameter is 0.5-0.8 times of the longest diameter of radial diameter of coil.
As preferably, described permanent magnet comprises several permanent magnet units, between leaving between two adjacent permanent magnets unit
Gap, the size in gap is adaptive with classical insulation.
As preferably, described coil is the air core coil of circle copper enamel-covered wire coiling, and its internal via shape is triangle, after coiling
Outer ring be shaped as pyriform；The triangular inner hole of described coil is positioned at the interior angle inside stator disc and is less than 60 °, triangular inner hole
Radical length is less than 1/3rd of the longest diameter of radial diameter of coil.
As preferably, the inner circle of described first disc and the second disc has a female thread, the interior diameter of female thread and its
The diameter of the main shaft of position is consistent, and the female thread of the first disc and the second disc is in opposite direction.
The driving motor having gear hub motor of the present invention, have employed axial magnetic field iron-core-free structure, motor gas-gap magnetic flux
Density is less, and motor speed is high, and the power interval normally riding required with electric bicycle between its high efficient area matches, can be big
Amplitude improves the mileages of continuation of electric bicycle；This disk permanent-magnet dc motor, be respectively arranged with in stator both sides one flat bowl-shape
Rotor disk, two rotor disks are closely interlocked under the effect of magnetic field of permanent magnet, and the internal structure of motor is enclosed in
In two rotor disks；The disk permanent-magnet dc motor of this enclosed construction with high speed characteristics, has been highly suitable as gear hub
The driving motor of motor, and lubricating oil can be used to be lubricated；This hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication have gear hub electricity
Machine, needs by technique scheme, effectively stops lubricating oil outside wheel hub and to the seepage of driving motor internal, improves
Drive the heat dispersion of motor.
Beneficial effect: the present invention has gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, owing to driving motor to have employed dish
Formula iron-core-free structure, motor is lightweight, and high speed performance is good, and no-load current is little and without magnetic hysteresis resistance, so that electric bicycle tool
Have and good scrunch function of riding；Under keeping axis structure premise, use the planetary gear reducing mechanism of double reduction, it is ensured that
The reliability of hub motor structure；And owing to the alternative of reducing gear speed reducing ratio is relatively strong, improve present invention liquid
Body oil lubrication have the gear hub motor adaptability to rim of electric bicycle specification；Present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication
Have gear hub motor, the transmission efficiency of planetary gear reducing mechanism is high, and cycle lie is long；In planetary gear reducing mechanism, by
The moment of torsion born in primary speed-down gear is less, thus have employed the form that steel gear is meshed with engineering plastic gear, both
Ensure that the reliability of slowing-down structure, rotational noise can be effectively reduced again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure cut-away view having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 3 is the driving electric machine structure cut-away view having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 4 is the oil scraper ring schematic diagram having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 5 is the first row oil-hole location schematic diagram having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 6 is the second row oil-hole location schematic diagram having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 7 is the planetary gear speed reducing mechanism scheme of installation having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication.
Fig. 8 is that the external magnetic field after the coil electricity having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication is analyzed
Figure.
Fig. 9 is that the adjacent permanent magnet body space having gear hub motor of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication adjusts the torsion tested
Square efficiency chart.
Figure 10 is that the gear hub motor that has of present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication cored has gear hub motor with commercially available
Moment of torsion-power-efficient-rotating speed comparison diagram；Wherein, 1 has gear hub motor for the present invention, and 2 have gear hub electricity for certain electrical machinery plant
Machine.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a kind of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication of the present invention has gear hub motor, including left end cap
3, right end cap 4, main shaft 13 and wheel hub 2, left end cap 3 is enclosed within main shaft 13 by clutch shaft bearing 5 and the first oil sealing 6, left end cap 3,
Right end cap 4 or wheel hub 2 are provided with pouring orifice 7, and right end cap 4 is enclosed within main shaft 13 by the second bearing 51 and the second oil sealing 61, left
End cap 3 and right end cap 4 are connected with wheel hub 2 with by screw by sealing ring 8,81, and sealing ring is that rubber is made, and left end cap 3 leads to
Crossing reducing gear to be connected with sun gear gear ring 14, sun gear gear ring 14 is fixed on motor 1, drives solar wheeling tooth by motor 1
Circle 14 rotation, thus drive left end cap 3 to rotate by reducing gear, thus drive wheel hub 2 to rotate, left end cap 3, right end cap 4 and
Reducing gear and motor 1 are sealed by wheel hub 2 by first oil sealing the 6, second oil sealing 61 and sealing ring；Reducing gear comprises planet carrier
9, several the first row star-wheels 10, several second planetary gears 11 and centre wheel 12, the first row star-wheel 10 and sun gear gear ring 14
Engagement, the first row star-wheel 10 is coaxially connected by rotary shaft with the second planetary gear 11, and rotary shaft is arranged on by the 3rd bearing 15
On planet carrier 9, planet carrier 9 is sleeved on main shaft 13, and central hole has keyway wherein, the convex shelves on main shaft 13 make backer fixed
Position, is locked with main shaft 13 by jump ring 26, pivot pin 25, and the second planetary gear 11 engages with the centre wheel 12 being fixed on left end cap 3,
Constitute the dead axle planetary gear reducing mechanism of double reduction.
In the present invention, motor 1 comprises stator disc 21, main shaft 13 is cased with successively the first disc the 16, the 4th bearing 20,
Stator disc the 21, second disc 161 and the 5th bearing 201, the first disc 16 and the 4th bearing 20 are cased with the first rotor dish
18, the second disc 161 and the 5th bearing 201 are cased with the second rotor disk 19, the first rotor dish 18 and the second rotor disk 19
Inner side is respectively equipped with the first groove, is provided with permanent magnet 22, with sun gear gear ring 14 outside the first rotor dish 18 in the first groove
Fixing connection, exports moment of torsion by sun gear gear ring 14, and sun gear gear ring 14 is provided with first row oilhole 24, on the second rotor disk 19
Being provided with second row oilhole 25, stator disc 21 center is embedded with heat conduction ring 17, and heat conduction ring 17 is enclosed within main shaft 13, to improve motor 1
Heat dispersion.The end of the first rotor dish 18 is provided with annulus boss, and the end of the second rotor disk 19 is provided with ring groove, and annulus is convex
Platform is inserted in ring groove, and annulus boss is provided with sealing joint strip 26 and the first rotor dish 18 and the second rotor disk 19 is sealed,
Sealing joint strip the 26, first disc 16 and the second disc 161 are to prevent lubricating oil to motor 1 internal leak.The first rotor dish
18 and second rotor disk 19 under the effect in permanent magnet 22 magnetic field, be pressed on sealing joint strip 26.First disc 16 and second
Disc 161 is made up of the good toughness such as politef, nylon, corrosion resistance is strong, coefficient of friction is little engineering plastics, its cylindrical
Diameter and the 4th bearing the 20, the 5th bearing 201 equal diameters, snugly fit into the first rotor dish 18 and the axle of the second rotor disk 19
Hold indoor, and make synchronous axial system with the first rotor dish 18 and the second rotor disk 19.In first disc 16 and the second disc 161
Circle has female thread 29, and the interior diameter of female thread 29 is consistent with the diameter of the main shaft 13 of its position, the first disc 16 and the
The female thread 29 of two discs 161 is in opposite direction, selecting by the rotation direction decision of motor 1 of concrete direction；First disc
16 and second disc 161 when rotating with the first rotor dish 18 and the second rotor disk 19, by the crowding-out effect of female thread 29, oil
Liquid is thrown out of outside motor 1.
In the present invention, permanent magnet 22 is fan-shaped Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, and its radical length is the inside and outside of fan-shaped permanent magnet
Semidiameter is 0.5-0.8 times of the longest diameter of radial diameter of coil 23.Permanent magnet 22 comprises several permanent magnet units, adjacent
Leaving gap between two permanent magnet 22 unit, the size in gap is adaptive with classical insulation.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, motor 1 is additionally provided with outage, and wherein the perforate direction of first row oilhole 24 is axially, opens
Being located on sun gear gear ring 14, make the bearing chamber of the first rotor dish 18 be connected with motor 1 external world, the quantity in hole is the most true
Fixed, bore dia is 1～2mm, and position, hole is positioned at the cylindrical of the first disc 16；The perforate direction of second row oilhole 25 may select
Radial direction or oblique, the present embodiment perforate direction is that radially position, hole is positioned at the second disc of the bearing chamber of the second rotor disk 19
At 161, making the bearing chamber of the second rotor disk 19 be connected with motor 1 external world, the quantity in hole optionally determines, bore dia be 1～
2mm.Be provided with outage has gear hub motor, under half wet face state, even if there being a small amount of oil with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication
Liquid penetrates in the bearing chamber of rotor disk at the first disc 16 and the second disc 161, also can running up at motor 1
Under, this part fluid is discharged from outage.
As shown in Figure 1,3, stator disc 21 center in motor 1 is embedded with heat conduction ring 17, its axial height and stator disc 21
Axial height consistent；The endoporus of heat conduction ring 17 has keyway, is socketed on main shaft 13 by pivot pin；Heat conduction ring 17 is by copper, height
The metal material that the heat conductivility such as strength aluminium alloy, ferrous metal is good is made, when motor 1 stator disc 21 compression molding by it
As inserts, it is entrenched in the center of stator disc 21.By heat produced by coil windings when motor 1 works, by heat conduction ring 17
It is transmitted on motor 1 main shaft 13, is more outwards dissipated by bearing, lubricating oil, hub motor shell；Simultaneously as in motor 1
Fan-shaped permanent magnet 22 leaves gap, can produce swirling eddy, conduct heat to irony material when motor 1 operates inside motor 1
On the first rotor dish 18 of material and the second rotor disk 19 and outwards dispel the heat.
Such as Fig. 1, shown in 7, planet carrier 9 is sleeved on main shaft 13, and central hole has keyway wherein, by the convex shelves on main shaft 13
Make backer location, locked with main shaft 13 by pivot pin 27, jump ring 28；The first row star-wheel 10 with the good nylon of intensity high-wearing feature or
The engineering plastics such as polyformaldehyde are made, and the second planetary gear 11, centre wheel 12 use steel material to make, and wherein the second planetary gear 11 is
Shaft coupling type gear, the first row star-wheel 10 and the second planetary gear 11 are installed by the 3rd bearing 15 combination being inlaid on planet carrier 9.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, be positioned in the bearing chamber of left end cap 3, right end cap 4 inner side of wheel hub motor be provided with the first oil sealing 6,
Second oil sealing 61 is sleeved on the main shaft 13 of motor 1 side by side with clutch shaft bearing 5 and the second bearing 51；At wheel hub 2 or left end cap 3 or
The appropriate location of right end cap 4 is provided with the pouring orifice 7 of a lubricating oil.As preferably, pouring orifice 7 is arranged in by the present embodiment
At the cylindrical of left end cap 3, and there are bolt and the closure of " O " shape rubber ring, convenient interpolation or more oil change.
In actual production, in casting technique, wheel hub 2 can be merged with left end cap 3 or right end cap 4 and be cast into assembly
Form.
Analyzing and experiment based on energising air core coil external magnetic field, the present invention proposes has tooth with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication
The coil 23 of wheel hub motor and the most economical effective combination of permanent magnet 22.Such as Fig. 8, outside to single energising air core coil
The finite element analysis in magnetic field and experimental verification, be energized air core coil center, and magnetic induction is along with the increase of coil radius
First increasing and be gradually reduced, a peak value occur at hollow adjacent edges, hollow area is the least, and magnetic field is gathered the brightest
Aobvious；The magnetic induction on energising air core coil surface occurs in the near axis of coil, and distance hub of a spool is the most remote, particularly exists
The outward flange of coil, decay is quickly；Air gap portion coil surface magnetic field intensity is maximum, along with the increase of off-line circle surface distance,
Magnetic field intensity decays rapidly, and numerical value is the least；By the analysis verification to energising air core coil magnetic induction rule, draw
With the Technology Ways having gear hub motor of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication it is: the radical length suitably reducing fan-shaped permanent magnet is (fan-shaped
The inside and outside semidiameter of Magnet), as far as possible reduce coil hollow parts area.
Reducing the radical length of fan-shaped permanent magnet, can produce part flux loss, following table is that the radical length of permanent magnet becomes
Change by the Experimental comparison's data having gear hub motor cost, efficiency to affect of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, (air core coil is the most straight
Footpath is D=32mm, coil height 10.0mm, copper enamel-covered wire line footpath 0.6mm, electrical current 3.5A, hollow radical length 9.6mm, fan
Shape permanent magnet inside and outside diameter meansigma methods 68mm).From the correction data of table 1 it can be seen that along with the subtracting of radical length of permanent magnet
Little, that coil flux loss increases therewith and increases in acceleration trend, motor maximal efficiency reduces the most accordingly, the journey that efficiency reduces
Degree is less than flux loss degree, and the range of decrease of permanent magnet material cost becomes apparent from.By Value Engineering, appropriateness reduces sector forever
The radical length of magnet, the efficiency of motor and moment of torsion can decrease, but can more reduce the consumption of rare earth permanent magnet, motor
Economy is more preferable, and competitiveness is higher.
Table 1
Permanent magnet 22 radical length (the inside and outside semidiameter of fan-shaped permanent magnet) is less than the technical side of the radial diameter of coil 23
Case, arranges stopping means and provides the space of necessity, both proportionate relationships, determine limiting coil axle for fixed coil 23
To the effect of displacement, being 0.9D as taken permanent magnet 22 radical length, stopping means is less than 0.05D with the width that laminates of coil, Gu
Determine effect poor；And take permanent magnet 22 radical length and be less than 0.5D, then flux loss is relatively big, and Motor torque and efficiency also can be corresponding
Ground reduces；Experiment shows, correctly handles the proportionate relationship of permanent magnet 22 radical length and the radial diameter of coil 23 well, can make electricity
The advance of machine, reliability, economy are preferably balanced.
Embodiment
Having gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, winding is made up of 6 coils 23, and the radial diameter of coil 23 is
D=32mm, high 10.0mm, copper enamel-covered wire line footpath 0.67mm, triangle hollow radical length 9.6mm, 8 permanent magnet 22 unit
Inside and outside diameter meansigma methods 68mm, axial height 6mm, radical length 20mm, wheel hub uses speed reducing ratio to be the planetary reduction gear of 1:8.74
Mechanism slows down, and the central angle of fan-shaped permanent magnet takes 45 °, 41 °, 38 ° respectively and carries out contrast test；In Fig. 9, a represents the permanent magnet center of circle
Angle is the curve of 45 ° of moments of torsion and efficiency, and b represents the curve that permanent magnet central angle is 41 ° of moments of torsion and efficiency, and c represents permanent magnet circle
Heart angle is the curve of 38 ° of moments of torsion and efficiency, and from the torque efficiency curve chart shown in Fig. 9, the peak efficiency of three kinds of motors is divided
It is not 83.8%, 83.1%, 80.6%, after reserving gap between two adjacent permanent magnets 22 unit, electric efficiency is affected not
Substantially, less in the impact of high torque section, this result is also analyzed and experimental result kissing with energising air core coil external magnetic field
Close；The speed of motor is affected the most greatly by the gap change between permanent magnet 22, the no-load speed of three kinds of motors be respectively 281 turns/
Minute, 330 revs/min, 361 revs/min, thus can adjust the gap between adjacent permanent magnet 22 targetedly, improve
The electric property of motor is to adapt to wheel hub motor reducing gear speed reducing ratio and the change of rim of electric bicycle size.
Relative to cored motor, the inductance value of the coil windings of disc type iron core-free motor is less, and less inductance value makes
The electric property of motor shows as high rpm low torque, and the length of the number of turn and wire that increase coil windings can improve its inductance
Amount, can take strengthen the diameter of coil or reduce two kinds of the line footpath Technology Ways of wire；The line footpath reducing wire can make winding electricity
Resistance rises and reduces power of motor, and the length of the number of turn and wire increasing coil windings can increase cost and the body of motor
Long-pending, therefore it is required that increase the number of turn and the length of the wire setting line footpath in the limited space of stator disc 21 as much as possible, preferably
Method for winding be: winding clamp with after chamfered triangle rod as plug, stacking coiling wire, the thus line of coiling
Circle 23, its internal via shape is triangle, and outer loop-shaped is by the shape size of triangle plug, the line footpath of wire, the surrendering of wire
The combined influence such as intensity and winding tension resembles a pear in shape.
Analyze and experimental result based on air core coil external magnetic field, the area of coil hollow parts should be reduced as far as possible, and
Hollow area is the least, and the outer loop-shaped of coil is closer to circle, can not make full use of the space of stator disc.The endoporus of coil 23
Should according to the number of coils of the line footpath of wire, the yield strength of wire, the size of stator disc diameter, winding certainly with outer loop-shaped
Fixed, through coiling repeatedly and test, the triangular inner hole of coil 23 is positioned at the interior angle inside stator disc and is less than 60 °, triangular inner hole
Radical length less than coil 23 the longest diameter of radial diameter 1/3rd design, can preferably meet stator disc
The requirement that the space utilization of 21 and magnetic field are gathered to coil 23 center.
The present invention has gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, and electric property is superior, except conventional motors structure
Simply, outside the advantage such as reliable, volume is little, efficiency is high, good speed adjustment features, owing to driving motor to have employed disc type iron core-free knot
Structure, motor is lightweight, and high speed performance is good, and no-load current is little and without magnetic hysteresis resistance, so that electric bicycle has good pedaling
Step on function of riding；Under keeping axis structure premise, use the planetary gear reducing mechanism of double reduction, both ensure that wheel hub electricity
Machine reliability of structure, can make again the high speed performance of disc type iron core-free direct current generator be not fully exerted；And due to reductor
The alternative of structure speed reducing ratio is relatively strong, and improve present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication has gear hub motor to electric bicycle
The adaptability of wheel rim specification；Present invention hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication have gear hub motor, the transmission of planetary gear reducing mechanism
Efficiency is high, and cycle lie is long；In planetary gear reducing mechanism, the moment of torsion born due to primary speed-down gear is less, thus adopts
The form being meshed with engineering plastic gear with steel gear, both ensure that the reliability of slowing-down structure, and can be effectively reduced again
Rotational noise.
The present invention has gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, and no-load current only has 0.3A, under low torque condition
Just can reach high efficiency, such as Figure 10, power efficiency when 75W just can reach 75%, normally ride required at electric bicycle
The power interval of 80-150W, the gear hub motor that has of the present invention all can have with commercially available at the high-efficiency operation of about 80%
Gear hub motor is compared, advantage clearly, identical condition of riding, identical power consumption, pure electric power travel situation
Under, its mileages of continuation than the mileages of continuation of the most commonly used electric motor car having gear hub motor improve 35% with
On, improve more than 45% than the mileages of continuation of the electric motor car using low speed wheel hub motor.Additionally present inventor is to adopting
With being verified with the electric bicycle model machine having gear hub motor of hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication of the present invention, can give birth to by batch
The requirement produced is carried out, and the Mold Making of indivedual important aspect has been also carried out effective trial, electric bicycle sample car fault-free
Ridden more than 6,000 kilometer, and in certain specific experiment use 48V18AH lithium battery group, successfully carried out single charge from
Ride test to the pure electronic overlength distance of Changzhou total length 119 kilometers in Nanjing.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For Yuan, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, it is also possible to make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. one kind has gear hub motor with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication, it is characterised in that: include left end cap, right end cap, main shaft and
Wheel hub, described left end cap is by clutch shaft bearing and the first oil-sealing sleeve on main shaft, and left end cap or right end cap or wheel hub are provided with note
Hydraulic fluid port, right end cap is by the second bearing and the second oil-sealing sleeve on main shaft, and left end cap and right end cap are by sealing ring with wheel hub even
Connecing, described left end cap is connected with sun gear gear ring by reducing gear, and sun gear gear ring is fixed on motor, passes through driven by motor
Sun gear ring gear against rotation, thus drive left end cap to rotate by reducing gear, thus drive hub rotation, left end cap, right end cap
The first oil sealing, the second oil sealing and sealing ring is passed through by reducing gear and motor seal with wheel hub；Described reducing gear comprises planet
Frame, several the first row star-wheels, several the second planetary gear and centre wheels, described the first row star-wheel engages with sun gear gear ring,
The first row star-wheel and the second planetary gear are coaxially connected by rotary shaft, and rotary shaft is arranged on planet carrier by the 3rd bearing, OK
Carrier is enclosed within main shaft, and the second planetary gear engages with the centre wheel being fixed on left end cap.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 1 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described planet carrier
Being sleeved on main shaft, central hole has keyway wherein, the convex shelves on main shaft make backer location, by jump ring, pivot pin and main shaft
Locking.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 1 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described motor bag
Containing stator disc, described main shaft is cased with the first disc, the 4th bearing, stator disc, the second disc and the 5th bearing successively, the
It is cased with the first rotor dish on one disc and the 4th bearing, the second disc and the 5th bearing are cased with the second rotor disk, first
The inner side of rotor disk and the second rotor disk is respectively equipped with the first groove, is provided with permanent magnet, on described stator disc in the first groove
The coil that several circumferences are uniform is installed, fixes with sun gear gear ring outside the first rotor dish and be connected, by sun gear gear ring
Output moment of torsion, described sun gear gear ring is provided with first row oilhole, and the bearing chamber of the second rotor disk is provided with second row oilhole.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 3 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described stator disc
Center is embedded with heat conduction ring, and heat conduction ring is enclosed within main shaft.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 3 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described first turn
The end of sub-disk is provided with annulus boss, and the end of the second rotor disk is provided with ring groove, and annulus boss is inserted in ring groove,
Annulus boss is provided with sealing joint strip and the first rotor dish and the second rotor disk is sealed.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 3 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described permanent magnet
For fan-shaped Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet material, the inside and outside semidiameter of the most fan-shaped permanent magnet of its radical length is that the radial diameter of coil is i.e. long straight
0.5-0.8 times of footpath.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 3 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described permanent magnet
Comprise several permanent magnet units, between two adjacent permanent magnets unit, leave gap, the size in gap and classical insulation
Adaptive.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 3 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described coil is
The air core coil of circle copper enamel-covered wire coiling, its internal via shape is triangle, and the outer ring after coiling is shaped as pyriform；Described coil
Triangular inner hole is positioned at the interior angle inside stator disc and is less than 60 °, and the radical length of triangular inner hole is less than the radial diameter of coil
/ 3rd of the longest diameter.
Hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication the most according to claim 3 have gear hub motor, it is characterised in that: described first gets rid of
The inner circle of oil ring and the second disc has female thread, and the interior diameter of female thread is consistent with the diameter of the main shaft of its position, the
The female thread of one disc and the second disc is in opposite direction.
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| CN201610763774.9A CN106208588B (en) | 2016-08-29 | 2016-08-29 | A kind of hub motor with teeth with hydrodynamic lubrication oil lubrication |
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| CN108343732A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-31 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Power plant and the vehicle for using the power plant |
| CN108340762A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2018-07-31 | 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 | Vehicle and its power plant |
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| CN112524049A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Fluid pump with exposed axially fixed return path ring |
| CN114776585A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-22 | 西南石油大学 | Oil-gas-sand three-phase mixing and conveying pump driven by embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN115126705A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-30 | 宁德时代电机科技有限公司 | High-efficiency compact type double-drive water-cooling permanent magnet axial magnetic field centrifugal water pump device |
| CN115296482A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-04 | 深圳小象电动科技有限公司 | Hub motor with axial magnetic flux built-in planetary reducer |
| TWI813429B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-08-21 | 寰程科技股份有限公司 | Coaxial motor oil and electricity isolation device for electric bicycle |
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| CN112524049A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-03-19 | 大众汽车股份公司 | Fluid pump with exposed axially fixed return path ring |
| CN115126705A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2022-09-30 | 宁德时代电机科技有限公司 | High-efficiency compact type double-drive water-cooling permanent magnet axial magnetic field centrifugal water pump device |
| CN114776585A (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2022-07-22 | 西南石油大学 | Oil-gas-sand three-phase mixing and conveying pump driven by embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| CN114776585B (en) * | 2022-04-26 | 2024-05-17 | 西南石油大学 | Oil-gas-sand three-phase mixing pump driven by embedded permanent magnet synchronous motor |
| TWI813429B (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-08-21 | 寰程科技股份有限公司 | Coaxial motor oil and electricity isolation device for electric bicycle |
| CN115296482A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-11-04 | 深圳小象电动科技有限公司 | Hub motor with axial magnetic flux built-in planetary reducer |
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