CN106207419B - Double-circular-polarization antenna unit and large-space low-grating-lobe broadband flat plate array antenna - Google Patents
Double-circular-polarization antenna unit and large-space low-grating-lobe broadband flat plate array antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN106207419B CN106207419B CN201610808414.6A CN201610808414A CN106207419B CN 106207419 B CN106207419 B CN 106207419B CN 201610808414 A CN201610808414 A CN 201610808414A CN 106207419 B CN106207419 B CN 106207419B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/32—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by mechanical means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a double circular polarization antenna unit and a large-space low-grating lobe flat plate array antenna, wherein the array antenna comprises a double circular polarization antenna unit and a feed network, the double circular polarization antenna unit comprises a double polarization radiation cavity, a circular polarization clapboard phase shifter, a grating lobe suppression clapboard, an antenna radiation port, a left-handed circular polarization feed port and a right-handed circular polarization feed port, and the feed network of double-layer micro-strips or double-layer waveguides is respectively connected with the left-handed circular polarization feed port and the right-handed circular polarization feed port to form a sum beam signal. According to the invention, the cross metal partition plate is loaded at the antenna radiation port, so that a good grating lobe suppression effect can be realized. The invention can be used in the antennas with higher gain, receiving and transmitting sharing and strong directionality in radar, communication, navigation and the like, is a double-circular polarized high-efficiency array antenna with low grating lobe under large unit spacing, can be used as a single-receiving, single-transmitting or receiving and transmitting sharing array, and can also be used as a circular polarized phased array antenna for electronic beam scanning by expansion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electronic information, can be used in fixed beam antennas with higher gain, dual polarization sharing and strong directionality, such as radars, communication, measurement and control and the like, is a high-efficiency large-spacing, low-grating-lobe and broadband dual circularly polarized array antenna, and can also be used as a circularly polarized phased array antenna for electronic beam scanning through expansion.
Background
In an electronic information system, a plurality of modes of realizing large-space low-grating lobe by a traditional array exist, but each antenna form has respective characteristics and advantages and disadvantages, and the antenna forms are characterized in that:
1. the array is arranged in a large-interval non-periodic mode. The method has certain advantages when the bandwidth of the antenna is narrow, but the bandwidth of the antenna and the level of the grating lobe are limited by the aperture of the antenna, the grating lobe suppression is not ideal, and the method is not beneficial to realizing broadband circularly polarized signals.
2. And the non-periodic array is formed by units with unequal sizes. The array surface adopts units with different sizes, the units are arranged on concentric rings, and the radiation units on the same ring have the same radiation size. The non-periodic array adopts units with larger unit area and stronger directivity, can obtain higher unit gain, and can reduce the number of units required by the array surface. However, different cell pitches and different sizes of cells are used in different parts of the array, and the design and construction of large arrays can be complicated.
3. And randomly interleaving non-periodic arrays formed by the sub-arrays. In such a wavefront, all cells of the same sub-array are regularly arranged at equal intervals. The actual structure of each subarray is selected by utilizing a random number generation technology, aperiodicity is introduced for the arrangement of the arrays, and the centers of the subarrays form a regular grid by selecting the subarray intervals. The structure reduces the number of units and inhibits grating lobes, and the aperture efficiency is high. However, in this array structure, the unit spacing is only half a wavelength, and when the array scale is large, the number of divided sub-arrays is large, and this random interleaving structure may increase the complexity of the system feed network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention has completely different realization ideas from the circular polarization wide beam array antennas, provides a broadband dual circular polarization flat plate array antenna under the condition of large unit spacing, adopts grating lobe suppression measures, can effectively suppress grating lobes, and can overcome the defects of the antennas.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a dual-circular polarization antenna unit comprises a grating lobe suppression partition plate 4, a dual-polarization radiation cavity 5, a step-shaped circular polarization partition plate phase shifter 3 and an antenna radiation port 6, wherein the bottom end of the antenna radiation port 6 is connected with the dual-polarization radiation cavity 5, the circular polarization partition plate phase shifter 3 is arranged on the central line of the side wall of the dual-polarization radiation cavity 5, and a feed port of the dual-polarization radiation cavity 5 is divided into a left-handed circular polarization feed port 7 and a right-handed circular polarization feed port 8 by the circular polarization partition plate phase shifter 3; the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is a metal membrane which is arranged in a crisscross mode, the center line of the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is overlapped with the center line of the antenna radiation port 6, the edge enveloping shape of the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is the same as the inner wall of the antenna radiation port 6 and is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the inner wall of the antenna radiation port 6, and the width of the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is the same as the size of the inner wall of the antenna radiation port 6.
The antenna radiation port 6 is a circular or square waveguide opening and comprises an upper part for arranging the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 and a transition section positioned between the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 and the dual-polarization radiation cavity 5, wherein the transition section is in a conical shape, a step-shaped step shape or a circular rectangle; the bottom end of the upper part for arranging the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is connected with the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5 through a conical transition section, a step-shaped transition section or a circular rectangular transition section.
Wherein, the size of the opening surface of the antenna radiation opening 6 is 1.0 to 2.5 times of the wavelength; the overall height of the circularly polarized diaphragm phase shifter 3 is 1.0 to 2.0 wavelengths.
Wherein, the grating lobe suppression baffle 4 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the antenna radiation opening 6 in a screw joint or welding mode.
A large-space low-grating-lobe broadband dual-circularly-polarized panel array antenna comprises m multiplied by n dual-circularly-polarized antenna units 2 and a feed network, wherein m and n are natural numbers larger than 1; the feed network is in a double-layer microstrip, double-layer E-plane waveguide or double-layer H-plane waveguide form, and each layer is correspondingly connected with the left-handed circularly polarized feed port 7 and the right-handed circularly polarized feed port 8 one by one.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts the metal waveguide, which is beneficial to improving the efficiency of the antenna.
2. The invention uses the metal partition plate to carry out phase shift, the circularly polarized port can be freely selected, the design can be carried out according to different polarization requirements, and the axial ratio bandwidth can cover nearly 2 frequency multiplication.
3. According to the invention, the cross metal partition plate is loaded on the opening surface of the antenna unit, so that a good grating lobe suppression effect can be realized, and the design of a rear-end feed network is facilitated.
4. The radiation opening surface of the antenna unit can be round or square, the transition from the dual-polarization radiation cavity to the radiation opening surface can be square cone, the combination of the square cone and the square, cone or step platform shape, etc.
5. The antenna array can be realized in various modes, and the antenna array can be realized by machining, welding, injection molding, casting and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a two-dimensional schematic diagram of a large-pitch low-grating-lobe broadband dual circularly polarized flat panel array antenna of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of a large-pitch low-grating-lobe broadband dual circularly polarized flat panel array antenna of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a unit of the present invention showing a square pyramid in combination with a square aperture face.
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of a unit of the square cone shaped radiation aperture face of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a unit schematic view of the circular rectangular radiation port surface of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic unit view of the stepped mesa shaped radiation port face of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, a large-pitch low-grating-lobe broadband dual circularly polarized flat panel array antenna 1 is composed of m × n dual circularly polarized antenna units 2, where m and n are natural numbers greater than 1. The dual circularly polarized antenna unit 2 comprises a dual polarized radiation cavity 5, a circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3, a grating lobe suppression partition plate 4, an antenna radiation port 6, a left-handed circularly polarized feed port 7 and a right-handed circularly polarized feed port 8;
the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3 is a step-shaped metal partition plate and is positioned on the central line of the side wall of the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, the bottom edge of the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3 is intersected with the feed port surface of the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, and the length of the bottom edge is the same as the width of the feed port surface; the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3 divides a feed port of the dual polarized radiation cavity 5 into a left-hand circularly polarized feed port 7 and a right-hand circularly polarized feed port 8.
The antenna radiation port 6 is a circular or square waveguide opening, the bottom end of the antenna radiation port 6 is connected with the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, and the upper part of the antenna radiation port 6 is connected with the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4; a transition section is arranged between the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 and the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, and the transition section is in a conical shape, a step or a round rectangle shape.
The grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is a metal membrane which is arranged in a crisscross mode, and the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4 is connected with the four walls of the antenna radiation opening 6 in a screwing mode, a welding mode and the like.
The feed network is in a double-layer microstrip, double-layer E-plane waveguide or double-layer H-plane waveguide form, and each layer is connected with the left-handed circularly polarized feed port 7 and the right-handed circularly polarized feed port 8 respectively.
The aperture size of the antenna radiation aperture 6 is 1.0 to 2.5 times wavelength, the aperture is divided into 4 parts of the same area by the grating lobe suppressing diaphragm 4, and the overall height of the circularly polarized diaphragm phase shifter 3 is 1.0 to 2.0 times wavelength.
By taking the design of a satellite communication large-distance flat array antenna in a certain frequency band as an example, grating lobes can be obviously reduced and broadband double circular polarization can be realized after the technology is adopted. The designed antenna case has the bandwidth covering 1.5 frequency multiplication, the unit form is the form shown in fig. 3, the size of the opening surface of an antenna radiation opening 6 is 1.3 wavelength (low frequency) to 0.87 wavelength (high frequency), the height of a grating lobe suppression baffle 4 is 0.5 wavelength (low frequency) to 0.78 wavelength (high frequency), and if the traditional array arrangement is adopted, the grating lobe synthesized by an antenna array is larger than-5 dB in the whole frequency band; after the technology is adopted, the grating lobe of the low frequency band is lower than the first side lobe of the array, the grating lobe of the high frequency band is lower than-12 dB, and the axial ratio characteristics of the antenna array are all smaller than 1dB in the band, so that the array beam performance is greatly improved after the technology is adopted.
Principle of operation
When transmitting signals, the signals generated by the transmitter enter the left-hand circular polarization feed port 7 and the right-hand circular polarization feed port 8 through the double-layer feed network respectively. The signals passing through the left-hand circular polarization feed port 7 are transmitted in the waveguide cavity, and when reaching the circular polarization partition plate phase shifter 3, the linear polarization signals are converted into left-hand circular polarization signals, are radiated to the antenna radiation port 6 by the dual polarization radiation cavity 5, and when passing through the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4, the array grating lobes at large intervals are effectively reduced. The signals passing through the right-hand circularly polarized feed port 8 are transmitted in the waveguide cavity, when reaching the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3, the linearly polarized signals are converted into right-hand circularly polarized signals, the right-hand circularly polarized signals are radiated to the antenna radiation port 6 by the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, and when passing through the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4, the array grating lobes at large intervals are effectively reduced.
When receiving signals, circularly polarized signals from the space reach the antenna radiation port 6, when the circularly polarized signals pass through the grating lobe suppression partition plate 4, array grating lobes in large space are effectively reduced, left-hand circular polarization is converted into linear polarization after passing through the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3 in the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, and the linearly polarized signals enter a feed network connected with the left-hand circular polarization feed port 7 through the left-hand circular polarization feed port, so that the receiving function of the left-hand circular polarization signals is realized. Signals pass through the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter 3 in the dual-polarized radiation cavity 5, right-hand circular polarization is converted into linear polarization, and the signals enter a feed network connected with the right-hand circular polarization feed port 8, so that the receiving function of right-hand circular polarization signals is realized.
Claims (5)
1. A dual circularly polarized antenna unit comprises a dual polarized radiation cavity (5), a step-shaped circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter (3) and an antenna radiation port (6); the bottom end of the antenna radiation port (6) is connected with a dual-polarization radiation cavity (5), a circular polarization clapboard phase shifter (3) is arranged on the central line of the side wall of the dual-polarization radiation cavity (5), the circular polarization clapboard phase shifter (3) is a step-shaped metal clapboard, the bottom edge of the circular polarization clapboard phase shifter is intersected with the feed port surface of the dual-polarization radiation cavity (5), the length of the bottom edge is the same as the width of the feed port surface, and the feed port of the dual-polarization radiation cavity (5) is divided into a left-handed circular polarization feed port (7) and a right-handed circular polarization feed port (8) by the circular polarization clapboard phase shifter (3); the method is characterized in that: the antenna comprises an antenna radiation port (6), and is characterized by further comprising a grating lobe suppression partition plate (4), wherein the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) is a metal membrane which is arranged in a crossed manner, the center line of the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) is overlapped with the center line of the antenna radiation port (6), the edge enveloping shape of the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) is the same as the inner wall of the antenna radiation port (6) and is fixedly connected to the upper part of the inner wall of the antenna radiation port (6), and the width of the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) is the same as the size of the inner wall of the antenna radiation port (6);
when transmitting signals, the signals generated by the transmitter respectively enter a left-handed circularly polarized feed port (7) and a right-handed circularly polarized feed port (8) through a double-layer feed network; the signals passing through the left-handed circularly polarized feed port (7) are transmitted in the waveguide cavity, and when reaching the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter (3), the linearly polarized signals are converted into left-handed circularly polarized signals, are radiated to the antenna radiation port (6) by the dual-polarized radiation cavity (5), and are radiated out after passing through the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4); signals passing through the right-hand circularly polarized feed port (8) are transmitted in the waveguide cavity, and when reaching the circularly polarized partition plate phase shifter (3), linear polarized signals are converted into right-hand circularly polarized signals, are radiated to the antenna radiation port (6) by the dual-polarized radiation cavity (5), and are radiated out after passing through the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4).
2. A dual circularly polarized antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the antenna radiation port (6) is a circular or square waveguide opening and comprises an upper part for arranging the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) and a transition section positioned between the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) and the dual-polarization radiation cavity (5), wherein the transition section is conical, stepped or round and rectangular; the bottom end of the upper part for arranging the grating lobe suppression partition plate (4) is connected with the dual-polarized radiation cavity (5) through a conical transition section, a step-shaped transition section or a circular rectangular transition section.
3. A dual circularly polarized antenna unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the size of the opening surface of the antenna radiation opening (6) is 1.0 to 2.5 times of wavelength; the overall height of the circularly polarized diaphragm phase shifter (3) is 1.0 to 2.0 wavelengths.
4. A dual circularly polarized antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein: the grating lobe restraining partition plate (4) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the antenna radiation opening (6) in a screwing or welding mode.
5. A large-space low-grating-lobe broadband dual circularly polarized panel array antenna, comprising a feed network and m x n dual circularly polarized antenna units according to claim 1, wherein m and n are natural numbers greater than 1, characterized in that: the feed network is in a double-layer microstrip, double-layer E-plane waveguide or double-layer H-plane waveguide form, and each layer is correspondingly connected with the left-handed circularly polarized feed port (7) and the right-handed circularly polarized feed port (8) one by one.
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| CN201610808414.6A CN106207419B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Double-circular-polarization antenna unit and large-space low-grating-lobe broadband flat plate array antenna |
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| CN201610808414.6A CN106207419B (en) | 2016-09-08 | 2016-09-08 | Double-circular-polarization antenna unit and large-space low-grating-lobe broadband flat plate array antenna |
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| CN107658568A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-02 | 北京星际安讯科技有限公司 | Dual-band and dual-polarization Shared aperture waveguide trumpet planar array antenna |
| CN108832276A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-11-16 | 西安红叶通讯科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave grid cell type flat plate array antenna |
| CN110661103A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2020-01-07 | 中国人民解放军63686部队 | X-frequency-band low-grating-lobe circularly polarized antenna |
| CN112688080B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-03-29 | 华南理工大学 | Double-ridge opening waveguide structure circularly polarized antenna array based on 3D printing technology |
| CN113078450B (en) * | 2021-03-22 | 2022-02-01 | 北京交通大学 | Dual-polarized air waveguide array antenna |
| CN113488782B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-07 | 星展测控科技股份有限公司 | Waveguide array antenna and communication device |
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| JP3058874B1 (en) * | 1999-05-18 | 2000-07-04 | 八木アンテナ株式会社 | Waveguide-fed array antenna |
| JP2004187122A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-07-02 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | Orthogonal polarization waveguide slot array antenna |
| FR2940532B1 (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-04-15 | Thales Sa | PLANAR RADIATION ELEMENT WITH DUAL POLARIZATION AND NETWORK ANTENNA COMPRISING SUCH A RADIANT ELEMENT |
| CN102437431A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2012-05-02 | 北京遥测技术研究所 | Multi-polar plane antenna |
| CN104518285A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-04-15 | 电子科技大学 | Ka-waveband cavity coupling feed circular polarized horn antenna |
| CN203536570U (en) * | 2013-11-19 | 2014-04-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | Wide beam circular polarization phased array antenna |
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