CN106207128B - A kind of Zr (OH)4Coat the preparation method of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material - Google Patents
A kind of Zr (OH)4Coat the preparation method of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106207128B CN106207128B CN201610778078.5A CN201610778078A CN106207128B CN 106207128 B CN106207128 B CN 106207128B CN 201610778078 A CN201610778078 A CN 201610778078A CN 106207128 B CN106207128 B CN 106207128B
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Abstract
A kind of Zr (OH)4The preparation method of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material is coated, the chemical formula of the nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material is LiNi1‑x‑yCoxAlyO2, 0 in formula<X≤0.2,0<Y≤0.1, covering material are Zr (OH)4, coating thickness 10-15nm, preparation method is:By Zr (OH)4Powder is made after being mixed with nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material by shaking ball milling.It is an advantage of the invention that:The method for coating easy implementation easy to operate, is coated using low-temperature dry, and the introducing of moisture and the calcining of complexity are avoided during cladding, effectively reduces adverse effect of the moisture to nickelic NCA classes ternary material;Amorphous Zr (OH) is coated by surface4Powder can effectively reduce the resistance of cyclic process median surface, inhibit side reaction, improve the cyclical stability of material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of lithium ion, especially a kind of Zr (OH)4Coat nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
Preparation method.
Background technology
Lithium ion battery has big voltage height, capacity, memory-less effect and service life as a new generation's environmental protection, high-energy battery
The advantages that long, is widely used in the electronic products such as mobile phone, digital camera and notebook, it has also become battery industry development
One of emphasis.With the development of hybrid-electric car, pure electric vehicle and large-scale energy storage device, exist to next-generation lithium ion battery
More stringent requirements are proposed in terms of energy density, high rate performance and cycle life.In lithium ion battery, positive electrode is to determine
Determine the important component of battery fundamental characteristics.Currently, the positive electrode of lithium ion battery is mainly cobalt acid lithium (LiCoO2)、
LiMn2O4 (LiMn2O4), LiFePO4 (LiFePO4) and ternary material etc..The LiCoO of ripe application in the market2、LiMn2O4、
LiFePO4There is different aspect in material, cannot meet above-mentioned requirements simultaneously.
Tertiary cathode material includes using nickel cobalt manganese (Li (NiCoMn) O2, NCM) and (Li (NiCoAl) O2, NCA), have
Discharge capacity is high, energy density is high, tap density is high and cost is relatively low advantage and receive people and widely pay close attention to, day
This, South Korean venture in ternary material field in occupation of the commanding elevation of lithium electricity.Recent statistics, the cobalt acid lithium market share obviously under
The market share of drop, LiFePO4 and LiMn2O4 is expanded, and rapid increase trend is presented in the ternary material market share, according to
Prediction, 3 to 5 years following, high-end ternary material power battery will will present the situation that supply falls short of demand.But existing NCA classes ternary
The problems such as that there is also cyclical stabilities is poor for material, heat-resisting quantity difference and high rate performance is bad, active material connects with electrolyte
It touches, can destroy interfacial structure, and then lead to Ni, the dissolving of Co, Al in the electrolytic solution is made by corrosion such as HF under the high temperature conditions
At capacity attenuation, its further applying in electric vehicle and extensive energy storage device is limited.
For NCA classes ternary material presently, there are the problem of, some researches show that cladding be improve its chemical property
A kind of effective ways can reduce the side reaction of active material and electrolyte interface by cladding, improve cyclical stability.Together
When, it is more sensitive to environment especially water and carbon dioxide for the higher NCA classes ternary material of nickel content, it was storing
Cheng Zhong, water and carbon dioxide in meeting and air instead give birth to side reaction, it is secondary to produce lithium hydroxide and lithium carbonate of electrochemicaUy inert etc.
Product.The selection of the type of coating and method for coating is improper to have an adverse effect to positive electrode performance.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to be directed to Li (NiCoAl) O2The nickelic positive electrode of ternary there are the problem of, a kind of Zr is provided
(OH)4The preparation method of coating modification ternary material, the LiNi1-x-yCoxAlyO2(0<X≤0.2,0<Y≤0.1) preparation side
Method, the cladding process carry out in low temperature non-aqueous system, do not use high-temperature process and do not introduce water, avoid the pair of material surface
Reaction, effectively increases the cyclical stability of material.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A kind of Zr (OH)4The preparation method of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material is coated, the nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
Chemical formula is LiNi1-x-yCoxAlyO2, 0 in formula<X≤0.2,0<Y≤0.1, covering material are Zr (OH)4, coating thickness is
10-15nm, preparation method include the following steps:
(1) Zr (OH)4The preparation of covering material
1) the soluble zirconium salting liquid of a concentration of 30wt% is slowly added into organic solvent, ultrasonic mixing is mixed
Liquid is closed, the soluble zirconium salting liquid is zirconium-n-propylate solution or zirconium iso-propoxide solution, and organic solvent is absolute ethyl alcohol and isopropyl
The volume ratio of the mixture of one or two kinds of arbitrary proportion in alcohol, soluble zirconium salting liquid and organic solvent is 1:1-20;
2) volume ratio for preparing alcohol and water is 10-50:1 alcohol-water mixtures, the alcohol are one in ethyl alcohol and isopropanol
The mixed liquor of kind or two kinds of arbitrary proportions, alcohol-water mixtures are added drop-wise in mixed liquor made from step 1) dropwise, and alcohol-water is mixed
It is to make the 100-200% of volume needed for soluble zirconates complete hydrolysis to close water in liquid;
3) after being added dropwise, continue ultrasound 1.5h, then washed, filtered with absolute ethyl alcohol, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 8-10h,
Obtain ultra-fine amorphous Zr (OH)4White powder;
(2) Zr (OH)4Coat the preparation of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
According to Zr (OH)4The mass percent for accounting for nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material is the ratio of 0.25-1.00%, by the two
It mixes, is put into togerther in dry vibrating ball grinding jar in glove box, control mixture accounts for the 1/2-2/ of vibratory milling tank volume
3, any vibratory milling auxiliary agent and ball milling pearl are not added, and at 2500-3500 times/min of frequency, vibratory milling 1.5-3.0h is obtained
To Zr (OH)4The nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material of cladding.
Prepared Zr (OH)4Coat the electrochemical property test of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material:
1) cladding sample obtained above, conductive agent and binder are added in solvent and are slurried, even application is collecting
Flow surface dries 10h under 110 DEG C of vacuum environments, is then compacted, weighs at 4MPa, 110 DEG C, vacuum environment dries again
Electrode slice is made in 10h;The conductive agent is Denka carbon, Super P or carbon nanotube, and binder is Kynoar,
Solvent is N-Methyl pyrrolidone, and the mass ratio of cladding sample, conductive agent and binder is 92:4:4;
2) by anode cover, shrapnel, gasket, the collector of carrying active substance, diaphragm, lithium piece, negative electrode casing and insulated enclosure
Circle is assembled into lithium ion battery in the glove box of inert gas environment, is used for Zr (OH)4Coat nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
Electrochemical property test;The collector is Al foils, and diaphragm is polyethylene, electrolyte LiPF6It is 1 to be dissolved in volume ratio:2:2
Ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) mixed liquor, in mixed liquor
LiPF6A concentration of 1.15mol/L.
It is an advantage of the invention that:The method for coating easy implementation easy to operate, is coated using low-temperature dry, during cladding
The introducing of moisture and the calcining of complexity are avoided, adverse effect of the moisture to nickelic NCA classes ternary material is effectively reduced;It is logical
It crosses surface and coats amorphous Zr (OH)4Powder can effectively reduce the resistance of cyclic process median surface, inhibit side reaction,
Improve the cyclical stability of material.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is different Zr (OH)4The X-ray diffractogram of covering amount sample.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of NCA raw materials.
Fig. 3 is 0.50wt%Zr (OH)4Coat the SEM figures of NCA samples.
Fig. 4 is 0.50wt%Zr (OH)4Coat the TEM figures of NCA samples.
Fig. 5 is the charging and discharging curve of the circle of NCA feedstock circulations the 1st and the 50th circle.
Fig. 6 is 0.50wt%Zr (OH)4It coats NCA cycles samples the 1st and encloses the charging and discharging curve enclosed with the 50th.
Fig. 7 is NCA raw materials and 0.50wt%Zr (OH)4Coat NCA cycles samples performance tests.
Fig. 8 is NCA raw materials and 0.50wt%Zr (OH)4Coat the AC impedance figure after NCA cycles samples 50 enclose.
Specific implementation mode
By way of example and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further the present invention is illustrated.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of Zr (OH)4The preparation method of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material is coated, the nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
Chemical formula is LiNi0.915Co0.075Al0.01O2, covering material is Zr (OH)4, coating thickness 10nm, preparation method includes
Following steps:
(1) Zr (OH)4The preparation of covering material
1) the zirconium-n-propylate solution of 1mL, a concentration of 30wt% are slowly added into 100mL absolute ethyl alcohols, ultrasonic disperse
5min obtains mixed liquor;
2) it takes 100 μ L water to be made into alcohol/water mixed liquid with 2mL absolute ethyl alcohols, alcohol/water mixed liquid is added dropwise to step 1)
In mixed liquor obtained, solution gradually becomes white emulsion by water white transparency;
3) it is added dropwise, washs suction filtration with absolute ethyl alcohol after continuation ultrasound 1.5h, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 10h are obtained ultra-fine
Amorphous Zr (OH)4White powder.
(2) Zr (OH)4Coat the preparation of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
According to Zr (OH)4Account for the nickelic positive electrode LiNi of NCA class ternarys0.915Co0.075Al0.01O2Mass percent
0.25wt% weighs sample, and the two is mixed in glove box to be put into dry vibrating ball grinding jar.Frequency 3000 times/
Under min, ball milling 2h is shaken, Zr (OH) is obtained4The nickelic positive electrode of NCA class ternarys of covering amount 0.25wt%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of Zr (OH)4Powder coats LiNi0.915Co0.075Al0.01O2Preparation method, step and 1 basic phase of embodiment
Together, the difference is that:Zr(OH)4The mass percent for accounting for the nickelic positive electrode of ternary is that 0.50wt% weighs sample mixing.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of Zr (OH)4Powder coats LiNi0.915Co0.075Al0.01O2Preparation method, step and 1 basic phase of embodiment
Together, the difference is that:Zr(OH)4The mass fraction for accounting for the nickelic positive electrode of ternary is that 1.00wt% weighs sample mixing.
The Zr (OH) of preparation4Coat nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material electrochemical property test:
With N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) for solvent, Kynoar (PVdF) is binder, and Denka carbon are to lead
Electric agent, wherein PVdF are previously dissolved in before use in NMP.In mass ratio 92:4:4 weigh respectively positive active material, PVdF and
Denka carbon are placed in 2000r/min mixing 15min in the box of Thinky Mixer blenders and obtain uniform slurry.
Slurry is coated on the Al foils of neat and tidy, 110 DEG C of vacuum drying oven, 10h drying.A diameter of 10mm is obtained with perforating by punching mechanism
Pole piece, be compacted at 4MPa with tablet press machine, then by pole piece weighing, each pole piece active material quality is 5-7mg, is continued true
110 DEG C of empty baking oven, 10h drying.The pole piece obtained after drying is quickly transferred in glove box.Positive plate is assembled in glove box
At CR2032 type button cells.It is anode with active material electrode slice, metal lithium sheet is cathode, 1.15mol/L LiPF6It is dissolved in
Volume ratio is 1:2:2 ethylene carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and ethyl methyl carbonate (EMC) is electrolysis
Liquid, polyethylene are diaphragm, according to negative electrode casing-lithium piece-electrolyte-diaphragm-electrolyte-sample pole piece-gasket-spring leaf-anode
Shell sequentially built is at button cell.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) is carried out to the sample of embodiment 1 to embodiment 3 to test.As can be seen from Figure 1:Not same amount
Zr(OH)4The front and back sample XRD of cladding does not change, illustrates Zr (OH)4Material crystal structure itself is not had an impact.
Sample and raw material to embodiment 2 are scanned Electronic Speculum (SEM) characterization, to its particle size, surface topography into
Row is investigated.It is micron ball of the grain size at 15 μm or so that front and back sample is coated it can be seen from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, is not broken after cladding
The pattern of bad raw material itself.
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) is carried out to the sample of embodiment 2 to characterize.As seen from Figure 4, sample surfaces exist after cladding
More clearly raw material and Zr (OH)4The interface of clad, Zr (OH)4For amorphous powder, coating thickness 2-15nm.
Electrochemical property test is carried out to the sample of embodiment 2, test temperature is 45 DEG C, voltage range 3.0-4.3V, electricity
Current density is 180mA/g.Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 is NCA raw materials and 0.50wt%Zr (OH) respectively4Coat NCA cycles samples the 1st enclose and
The charging and discharging curve of 50th circle.As can be seen that the sample after cladding has smaller polarization, the appearance after 50 circles in cyclic process
Amount is apparently higher than raw material.
Cycle performance test is carried out to the sample of embodiment 2, test temperature is 45 DEG C, voltage range 3.0-4.3V, electric current
Density is 180mA/g.There is bright cycles samples performance after being coated it can be seen from the cyclic curve of the optimal samples of Fig. 7 and raw material
Aobvious to be promoted, first circle discharge capacity 211.3mAh/g, discharge capacity is 154.4mAh/g after cycle 50 is enclosed, and capacity retention ratio is
73.07%.
To the sample of embodiment 2 at 25 DEG C, voltage range 3.0-4.3V, current density 180mA/g, charge and discharge cycles 50
Ac impedance measurement is carried out after circle.The resistance ratio of sample after cycling is uncoated after being coated it can be seen from Fig. 8 AC impedance figures
It is small, illustrate Zr (OH) in cyclic process4Side reaction of the clad due to effectively inhibiting positive electrode and electrolyte interface,
Reduce interface resistance.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods that low-temperature dry coats the nickelic positive electrode of NCA class ternarys.For the first time
It proposes with amorphous Zr (OH)4It is coated, preparation method is easy to operate, controllability is strong, environmental-friendly, and cladding process does not use
High-temperature process and water is not introduced, avoids the side reaction of material surface;In cyclic process, Zr (OH)4Clad can be effective
The dissolving of inhibitory activity substance and the side reaction between electrolyte, improve the cyclical stability of material, improve current ternary
Material there are the problem of, be conducive to mass produce.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of Zr (OH)4Coat the preparation method of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material, it is characterised in that the nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode
The chemical formula of material is LiNi1-x-yCoxAlyO2, 0 in formula<X≤0.2,0<Y≤0.1, covering material are Zr (OH)4, coat thickness
Degree is 10-15nm, and preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) Zr (OH)4The preparation of covering material
1) the soluble zirconium salting liquid of a concentration of 30wt% being slowly added into organic solvent, ultrasonic mixing obtains mixed liquor,
The soluble zirconium salting liquid is zirconium-n-propylate solution or zirconium iso-propoxide solution, and organic solvent is in absolute ethyl alcohol and isopropanol
The volume ratio of the mixture of one or two kinds of arbitrary proportion, soluble zirconium salting liquid and organic solvent is 1:1-20;
2) volume ratio for preparing alcohol and water is 10-50:1 alcohol-water mixtures, the alcohol be ethyl alcohol and isopropanol in one kind or
Alcohol-water mixtures are added drop-wise in mixed liquor made from step 1), alcohol-water mixtures by the mixed liquor of two kinds of arbitrary proportions dropwise
Middle water is to make the 100-200% of volume needed for soluble zirconates complete hydrolysis;
3) after being added dropwise, continue ultrasound 1.5h, then washed, filtered with absolute ethyl alcohol, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 8-10h are obtained
Ultra-fine amorphous Zr (OH)4White powder;
(2) Zr (OH)4Coat the preparation of nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material
According to Zr (OH)4The mass percent for accounting for nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material is the ratio of 0.25-1.00%, by the two in hand
It mixes, is put into togerther in dry vibrating ball grinding jar in casing, control mixture accounts for the 1/2-2/3 of vibratory milling tank volume, no
Any vibratory milling auxiliary agent and ball milling pearl are added, at 2500-3500 times/min of frequency, vibratory milling 1.5-3.0h obtains Zr
(OH)4The nickel cobalt aluminium tertiary cathode material of cladding.
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CN110931745A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-03-27 | 湖南邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for reducing resistivity of ternary positive electrode material |
CN113299900B (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-04-12 | 南京工业大学 | Ultrathin transition amorphous layer material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN114229922B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江帕瓦新能源股份有限公司 | Nickel-cobalt-manganese ternary precursor, positive electrode material and preparation method |
CN114583102B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2023-08-15 | 远景动力技术(江苏)有限公司 | Positive electrode active material, electrochemical device, and electronic device |
CN116759550B (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2024-03-12 | 大连交通大学 | Coating modification method for lithium ion battery oxide positive electrode material, composite material and application thereof |
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