CN106202793B - A kind of mains frequency stability simulation method based on primary frequency modulation limitation - Google Patents
A kind of mains frequency stability simulation method based on primary frequency modulation limitation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mains frequency stability simulation methods based on primary frequency modulation limitation.In current electric grid frequency simulation calculation, simulation parameter usually takes representative value, does not consider practical primary frequency modulation performance, causes simulation result inaccurate.The technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: first, start-up mode and load condition when reduction actual electric network extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident, and establish ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model, the whole network totality Primary frequency control ability is simulated by adjusting the primary frequency modulation upper limit of machine unit speed regulating device, then the active frequency response factor of modified load, keep actual frequency entirety deviation after simulation frequency and accident minimum, finally obtains the frequency stabilization simulation parameter for meeting actual electric network primary frequency modulation and load responding characteristic.The present invention can solve the problems, such as that typical model and parameter can not accurately reflect power grid actual frequency stability characteristic (quality), can be widely applied for actual electric network frequency stabilization simulation analysis, and provide decision-making foundation for power grid accident prediction scheme from now on.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mains frequency stability simulation field, specifically it is a kind of be suitable for dispatching of power netwoks control centre into
The mains frequency stability simulation method that line frequency stability analysis and accident prediction are formulated.
Background technique
As direct current is continuously improved by electric specific gravity in AC-DC hybrid power grid, direct current is instead of a large amount of local conventional machines outside area
Group causes the whole network rotary inertia to reduce, is also not involved in power grid frequency modulation in actual operation.After direct current locking accident occurs, electricity
There are severe compromises for net frequency stabilization, and 2015~2016 years, a lot of extra-high voltage direct-current locking accidents occurred for East China Power Grid,
Power grid low-limit frequency falls to 49.56Hz.If direct current locking power further increases, it may cause mains frequency under serious conditions and collapse
It bursts, loses a large amount of loads and cause serious financial consequences.Therefore, mains frequency stability simulation analysis seems most important.
In previous mains frequency stability simulation, canonical parameter and empirical value analysis method are generallyd use." the dragon of document one
Political affairs DC bipolar block accident East China Power Grid frequency-response analysis " (Automation of Electric Systems, the 22nd phase of volume 30 in 2006
Page 101) research shows that: influence system frequency analysis major parameter be dynamo governor parameter and load model parameters,
Canonical parameter is both used in emulation.(electric system is certainly for document two " Frequency Accident Analysis of East China Grid Due DC Line Fault "
Dynamicization, the 12nd phase page 102 of volume 30 in 2006) and document three " Huaihe River Shanghai ultra-high voltage AC transmission demonstration project go into operation after East China
Mains frequency simulation study " (east china electric power, the 12nd phase page 2764 of volume 42 in 2014) be all made of a kind of control governor
The frequency emulation mode of ratio, governor input ratio take empirical value 50%；But the above method is only established in previous emulation experience
On the basis of, and only do not consider to carry out load side parameters revision." ± 500kV woods maple DC bipolar block failure the case of document four
Example simulation analysis " (electric power network technique, the 4th phase page 877 of volume 30 in 2014) actual accidents post-simulation analysis in, it was also found that working as
Preceding governor and load model parameters still has deficiency for stabilization of power grids analysis.
With the variation of Power grid structure and putting into operation for new equipment new technology, the frequency stability characteristics of power grid have become
Change, previous canonical parameter and empirical value have been unable to satisfy current electric grid emulation demand.And direct current locking accident has been sent out in recent years
It is more raw, enormous impact is caused to the frequency stabilization of power grid.For this purpose, it is badly in need of a kind of reliable mains frequency stability simulation method,
Accurately to analyze the actual frequency invariant feature of power grid, effective emergent control measure is formulated, maintains power grid security steady
Fixed operation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in dependence of original emulation mode to empirical value is got rid of, a kind of base is provided
The frequency stabilization emulation mode of measured data after accident, is capable of the Primary frequency control ability and load of accurate simulation actual electric network
Frequency characteristic, to further increase the accuracy of mains frequency stability simulation.
For this purpose, the present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem using following technical scheme: a kind of electricity based on primary frequency modulation limitation
Net frequency stabilization emulation mode comprising following steps:
Step 1, the start-up mode and load when reduction actual electric network extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident；
Step 2, ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model is established, it is complete to simulate to adjust the primary frequency modulation upper limit of machine unit speed regulating device
Net overall Primary frequency control ability；
Step 3, the active frequency response factor of modified load keeps actual frequency deviation after simulation frequency and accident minimum, most
The frequency stabilization simulation parameter for meeting actual electric network primary frequency modulation and load responding characteristic is obtained eventually.
Further, the specific method is as follows for step 1: firstly, being built and reality using power system transient simulation software
The identical simulating grid of power grid basis grid structure, line parameter circuit value are all made of measured value；Then, thing is latched according to extra-high voltage direct-current
Therefore start-up mode and load level before occurring, the switch on condition of the whole network generator and each power transformation in Transient State Simulation Software are set
The active and idle numerical value stood, so that actual electric network operation conditions basic one before simulating grid and accident in Transient State Simulation Software
It causes, then goes to step 2.
Further, the specific method is as follows for step 2:
Step 201: ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model is established,
Firstly, establishing ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model in the simulating grid that step 1 obtains, wanted according to national standard
It asks, the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit that grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device is arranged is 6%, and dynamo governor other parameters use representative value:
Difference coefficient is 6%, and dead zone is ± 0.0325 hertz, and primary frequency modulation control mode is opened loop control；
Step 202: practical primary frequency modulation power output after extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident is calculated,
Practical frequency sequence after extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident is obtained according to power grid sampling apparatus:
f(t0),f(t0+T)…f(t0+kT)
Wherein, t0The moment occurs for accident, T is sampling time interval, and k is sampled point total number, f (t0) it is t0When to correspondence
The power grid practical frequency at quarter；
The minimum value for taking practical frequency sequence obtains mains frequency minimum value moment tmin, the total number of units of the whole network generator is n,
When mains frequency minimum point is then calculated, the practical primary frequency modulation gross capability P of the whole network generatorsum:
Psum=P1(tmin)+P2(tmin)+…+Pn(tmin)-P1(t0)-P2(t0)-…-Pn(t0)
In formula, Pn(tmin) it is practical active power of the n unit at the mains frequency minimum value moment, Pn(t0) it is n machine
The practical active power at moment occurs in accident for group；
Step 203: the amendment governor primary frequency modulation power output upper limit,
Using the simulating grid comprising governor model, carries out extra-high voltage direct-current and be latched Failure Simulation, output the whole network power generation
The simulation active power of machine when obtaining mains frequency minimum point, simulates primary frequency modulation gross capability P 'sum:
P′sum=P '1(tmin)+P′2(tmin)+…+P′n(tmin)-P′1(t0)-P′2(t0)-…-P′n(t0)
In formula, P 'n(tmin) it is simulation active power of the n unit at the mains frequency minimum value moment, P 'n(t0) it is No. n
The simulation active power at moment occurs in accident for unit；
Calculating simulation primary frequency modulation gross capability P 'sumWith practical primary frequency modulation gross capability PsumActive deviation ε:
ε=P 'sum-Psum
If active deviation ε is greater than 1, reduce the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit 0.1% of the whole network governor, and repeats step
203；If active deviation ε is less than -1, increase the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit 0.1% of the whole network governor, and repeat step 203,
Until active deviation ε absolute value is less than 1, then it is assumed that simulation primary frequency modulation gross capability is consistent with practical primary frequency modulation gross capability, turns
To step 3.
Further, the specific method is as follows for step 3:
Step 301: load model canonical parameter is established,
In the simulating grid that step 2 obtains, LOAD FREQUENCY response model is established, using following typical model parameter:
Part throttle characteristics is collectively formed by 40% constant-impedance and 60% invariable power, and the burden with power frequency response factor takes 2.1；
Step 302: the active frequency response factor of modified load,
In the simulating grid that step 301 obtains, carries out extra-high voltage direct-current and be latched Failure Simulation, export power grid analog frequency
Sequence:
f′(t0),f′(t0+T)…f′(t0+kT)
In above formula, t0The moment occurs for accident, T is sampling time interval, and k is sampled point total number, f ' (t0) it is t0It is corresponding
The power grid analog frequency at moment；
Calculate the whole degree of deviation Δ of power grid analog frequency and actual frequency:
Δ=[f ' (t0)-f(t0)]2+[f′(t0+T)-f(t0+T)]2…+[f′(t0+kT)-f′(t0+kT)]2
In 1.6~2.6 value ranges, change the burden with power frequency response factor, repeats step 302；In all calculating
As a result it is rounded the corresponding workload frequency response factor of body degree of deviation Δ minimum value in, as meets actual electric network frequency characteristic
Load parameter.
The present invention is based on power grid direct currents to be latched accident measured data, establishes governor by limiting the primary frequency modulation upper limit and bears
Lotus model parameter more meets the practical Primary frequency control ability of current electric grid and load independent of previous representative value and empirical value
Frequency characteristic.The present invention will provide the Simulation Calculation being consistent with practical AC-DC hybrid power grid frequency characteristic, can solve
The problem of certainly typical model and parameter can not accurately reflect primary frequency modulation and frequency character of load, can be widely applied to actual electric network
Frequency stabilization simulation analysis, and decision-making foundation is provided for power grid accident prediction scheme from now on.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be certain extra-high voltage direct-current locking after the practical primary frequency modulation effect picture of machine unit speed regulating device (Fig. 1 a be East China A factory/
No. 4 machines of 20kV, Fig. 1 b are East China B factory/machine of 25kV 3).
Fig. 2 is flow diagram of the invention.
Fig. 3 is method of the invention for certain extra-high voltage direct-current locking Failure Simulation effect picture.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Primary frequency regulation of power network refers to: when each set grid-connection is run, changed by external load influence of change mains frequency,
The governor of each unit participates in adjustment effect at this time, changes unit active power and is allowed to balance each other with external load, simultaneously as possible
The variation for reducing mains frequency is one of the important measures for maintaining mains frequency stable.
Fig. 1 gives the practical primary frequency modulation effect of machine unit speed regulating device after the locking of certain extra-high voltage direct-current, it can be found that same
The primary frequency modulation property difference of different Power Plants is very big after accident.Furthermore according to requirements of the national standard, grid-connected unit
The primary frequency modulation power output upper limit is 6%, and unit is not up to theory power output in figure.Therefore, the tune set according to national standard
Fast device canonical parameter model can not accurate response unit primary frequency modulation characteristic, need by limit machine unit speed regulating device primary frequency modulation
The upper limit simulates the primary frequency modulation characteristic of the whole network, just can be improved the accuracy of frequency stabilization emulation.
Below according to the flow diagram of Fig. 2, specific steps of the invention are described in detail.
(1) start-up mode and load when actual electric network extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident are established
Using power system transient simulation software, simulating grid identical with actual electric network basis grid structure, line are built
Road parameter is all made of measured value.Then, start-up mode and load level before accident occurs, setting are latched according to extra-high voltage direct-current
The switch on condition of the whole network generator and the active and idle numerical value of each substation in simulation software, so that the mould in simulation software
Quasi- power grid and actual electric network operation conditions before accident are almost the same.
(2) the primary frequency modulation upper limit of machine unit speed regulating device is adjusted to simulate the whole network totality Primary frequency control ability
Ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model is established in simulating grid, and grid-connected unit is arranged according to requirements of the national standard
The primary frequency modulation power output upper limit of governor is 6%.Dynamo governor other parameters use representative value: difference coefficient 6%, extremely
Area is ± 0.0325 hertz, and primary frequency modulation control mode is opened loop control.
Practical frequency sequence after extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident is obtained according to power grid sampling apparatus:
f(t0),f(t0+T)…f(t0+kT)
Wherein, t0The moment occurs for accident, T is sampling time interval, and k is sampled point total number, f (t0) it is t0When to correspondence
The power grid practical frequency at quarter.
The minimum value for taking practical frequency sequence obtains mains frequency minimum value moment tmin.The total number of units of the whole network generator is n,
When mains frequency minimum point can then be calculated, the practical primary frequency modulation gross capability P of the whole network generatorsum:
Psum=P1(tmin)+P2(tmin)+…+Pn(tmin)-P1(t0)-P2(t0)-…-Pn(t0)
In formula, Pn(tmin) it is practical active power of the n unit at the mains frequency minimum value moment, Pn(t0) it is n machine
The practical active power at moment occurs in accident for group.
Using the simulating grid comprising governor model, carries out extra-high voltage direct-current and be latched Failure Simulation, output the whole network power generation
The simulation active power of machine when obtaining mains frequency minimum point, simulates primary frequency modulation gross capability P 'sum:
P′sum=P '1(tmin)+P′2(tmin)+…+P′n(tmin)-P′1(t0)-P′2(t0)-…-P′n(t0)
In formula, P 'n(tmin) it is simulation active power of the n unit at the mains frequency minimum value moment, P 'n(t0) it is No. n
The simulation active power at moment occurs in accident for unit.
Calculating simulation primary frequency modulation gross capability P 'sumWith practical primary frequency modulation gross capability PsumActive deviation ε:
ε=P 'sum-Psum
If active deviation ε is greater than 1, reduces the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit 0.1% of the whole network governor, recalculate active
Deviation；If active deviation ε is less than -1, increases the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit 0.1% of the whole network governor, recalculate active inclined
Difference.Until active deviation ε absolute value is less than 1, then it is assumed that simulation primary frequency modulation gross capability is consistent with practical primary frequency modulation gross capability.
(3) the active frequency response factor of modified load keeps actual frequency deviation after simulation frequency and accident minimum
LOAD FREQUENCY response model is established, using the typical model parameter in the daily emulation of East China Power Grid: part throttle characteristics is pressed
40% constant-impedance is collectively formed with 60% invariable power, and the burden with power frequency response factor takes 2.1.
Carry out extra-high voltage direct-current and be latched Failure Simulation, exports power grid analog frequency sequence:
f′(t0),f′(t0+T)…f′(t0+kT)
In above formula, t0The moment occurs for accident, T is sampling time interval, and k is sampled point total number, f ' (t0) it is t0It is corresponding
The power grid analog frequency at moment.
Calculate the whole degree of deviation Δ of power grid analog frequency and actual frequency:
Δ=[f ' (t0)-f(t0)]2+[f′(t0+T)-f(t0+T)]2…+[f′(t0+kT)-f′(t0+kT)]2
Preferentially in 1.6~2.6 ranges, changes the burden with power frequency response factor, compute repeatedly the whole degree of deviation.?
It is rounded the corresponding workload frequency response factor of body degree of deviation Δ minimum value in all calculated results, as meets actual electric network frequency
The load parameter of rate characteristic.
In conclusion the frequency stabilization emulation ginseng for meeting actual electric network primary frequency modulation and load responding characteristic can be obtained
Number.
In order to test the validity of the proposed method of the present invention, thing is latched to certain extra-high voltage direct-current using method of the invention
Therefore carry out simulating, verifying.
Firstly, building simulating grid corresponding to certain extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident.Power grid before accurate reproduction accident
Start-up mode and load level.And it is 1,850,000,000 that the practical power output of the whole network primary frequency modulation, which is calculated, by the measured data after accident
Watt.
Then primary frequency modulation model is established, the whole network primary frequency modulation simulation power output is calculated by simulating grid, when simulation is contributed
It is more than 1 megawatt hour with the Error Absolute Value actually contributed, corrects the primary frequency modulation upper limit of the whole network machine unit speed regulating device.It finally obtains:
When the primary frequency modulation upper limit is 2.2%, simulation primary frequency modulation power output is 1850.4 megawatts.
LOAD FREQUENCY response model is then set up, extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident frequency emulation is carried out, modified load is active
The frequency response factor calculates the analog frequency under different load frequency characteristic.It finally obtains: when the active frequency response factor of load
When being 1.9, the whole degree of deviation of analog frequency and actual frequency is minimum, is 13.4, as shown in Figure 3.
Finally, obtaining the simulation parameter for meeting current electric grid primary frequency modulation and frequency character of load are as follows: the primary frequency modulation upper limit
2.2%, the active frequency response factor 1.9 of load.
The present invention can be used for the dispatching control center of power grids at different levels, improve the accuracy of mains frequency stability analysis, for system
Fixed effective control measure provide Math.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of mains frequency stability simulation method based on primary frequency modulation limitation comprising following steps:
Step 1, the start-up mode and load when reduction actual electric network extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident；
Step 2, ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model is established, the primary frequency modulation upper limit for adjusting machine unit speed regulating device is total to simulate the whole network
Body Primary frequency control ability；
Step 3, the active frequency response factor of modified load keeps actual frequency deviation after simulation frequency and accident minimum, final
To the frequency stabilization simulation parameter for meeting actual electric network primary frequency modulation and load responding characteristic；
The specific method is as follows for step 2:
Step 201: ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model is established,
Firstly, establish ideal grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device model in the simulating grid that step 1 obtains, according to requirements of the national standard,
The primary frequency modulation power output upper limit that grid-connected machine unit speed regulating device is arranged is 6%, and dynamo governor other parameters use representative value: it is poor to adjust
Coefficient is 6%, and dead zone is ± 0.0325 hertz, and primary frequency modulation control mode is opened loop control；
Step 202: practical primary frequency modulation power output after extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident is calculated,
Practical frequency sequence after extra-high voltage direct-current locking accident is obtained according to power grid sampling apparatus:
f(t0),f(t0+T),…,f(t0+kT)
Wherein, t0The moment occurs for accident, T is sampling time interval, and k is sampled point total number, f (t0) it is t0The corresponding moment
Power grid practical frequency；
The minimum value for taking practical frequency sequence obtains mains frequency minimum value moment tmin, the total number of units of the whole network generator is n, then counts
When calculation obtains mains frequency minimum point, the practical primary frequency modulation gross capability P of the whole network generatorsum:
Psum=P1(tmin)+P2(tmin)+…+Pn(tmin)-P1(t0)-P2(t0)-…-Pn(t0),
In formula, Pn(tmin) it is practical active power of the n unit at the mains frequency minimum value moment, Pn(t0) it is that n unit exists
The practical active power at accident generation moment；
Step 203: the amendment governor primary frequency modulation power output upper limit,
Using the simulating grid comprising governor model, carries out extra-high voltage direct-current and be latched Failure Simulation, output the whole network generator
Active power is simulated, when obtaining mains frequency minimum point, simulates primary frequency modulation gross capability P 'sum:
P′sum=P '1(tmin)+P′2(tmin)+…+P′n(tmin)-P′1(t0)-P′2(t0)-…-P′n(t0),
In formula, Pn′(tmin) it is simulation active power of the n unit at the mains frequency minimum value moment, Pn′(t0) it is n unit
The simulation active power at moment occurs in accident；
Calculating simulation primary frequency modulation gross capability P 'sumWith practical primary frequency modulation gross capability PsumActive deviation ε:
ε=P 'sum-Psum,
If active deviation ε is greater than 1, reduce the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit 0.1% of the whole network governor, and repeats step 203；If
Active deviation ε is less than -1, then increases the primary frequency modulation power output upper limit 0.1% of the whole network governor, and repeats step 203, until having
Function deviation ε absolute value is less than 1, then it is assumed that simulation primary frequency modulation gross capability is consistent with practical primary frequency modulation gross capability, goes to step
3。
2. the mains frequency stability simulation method according to claim 1 based on primary frequency modulation limitation, which is characterized in that step
Rapid 1 the specific method is as follows:
Firstly, building simulating grid identical with actual electric network basis grid structure, line using power system transient simulation software
Road parameter is all made of measured value；Then, start-up mode and load level before accident occurs, setting are latched according to extra-high voltage direct-current
The switch on condition of the whole network generator and the active and idle numerical value of each substation in Transient State Simulation Software, so that transient emulation is soft
Actual electric network operation conditions is almost the same before simulating grid and accident in part, then goes to step 2.
3. the mains frequency stability simulation method according to claim 1 based on primary frequency modulation limitation, which is characterized in that step
Rapid 3 the specific method is as follows:
Step 301: load model canonical parameter is established,
In the simulating grid that step 2 obtains, LOAD FREQUENCY response model is established, using following typical model parameter: load
Characteristic is collectively formed by 40% constant-impedance and 60% invariable power, and the burden with power frequency response factor takes 2.1；
Step 302: the active frequency response factor of modified load,
In the simulating grid that step 301 obtains, carries out extra-high voltage direct-current and be latched Failure Simulation, export power grid analog frequency sequence
Column:
f′(t0),f′(t0+T),…,f′(t0+ kT),
In above formula, t0The moment occurs for accident, T is sampling time interval, and k is sampled point total number, f ' (t0) it is t0The corresponding moment
Power grid analog frequency；
Calculate the whole degree of deviation Δ of power grid analog frequency and actual frequency:
Δ=[f ' (t0)-f(t0)]2+[f′(t0+T)-f(t0+T)]2+…+[f′(t0+kT)-f′(t0+kT)]2,
In 1.6~2.6 value ranges, change the burden with power frequency response factor, repeats step 302；In all calculated results
The corresponding workload frequency response factor of middle rounding body degree of deviation Δ minimum value, as meets the load of actual electric network frequency characteristic
Parameter.
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| CN111290292B (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2023-11-21 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Method, system and device for correcting load frequency factor of direct current locking |
| CN111276984B (en) * | 2020-03-09 | 2021-07-16 | 国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method and system for cooperative control of primary frequency modulation subareas of direct-current floor point near-district power grid |
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