CN105445582A - Interconnection power grid primary frequency modulation responding performance assessment method - Google Patents

Interconnection power grid primary frequency modulation responding performance assessment method Download PDF

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CN105445582A
CN105445582A CN201510846886.6A CN201510846886A CN105445582A CN 105445582 A CN105445582 A CN 105445582A CN 201510846886 A CN201510846886 A CN 201510846886A CN 105445582 A CN105445582 A CN 105445582A
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frequency modulation
primary frequency
genset
primary
represent
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肖小清
罗嘉
阚伟民
陈世和
金格
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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Electric Power Research Institute of Guangdong Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
    • G01R31/343—Testing dynamo-electric machines in operation

Abstract

The invention discloses an interconnection power grid primary frequency modulation responding performance assessment method, comprising steps of eliminating the affect of an AGC order through subtracting the change of the AGC order in power change of a power generator unit when the primary frequency modulation parameter and the indexes of the power generator unit are analyzed, assessing an accuracy index psi 1 of a primary frequency modulation responding characteristic, assessing a fast performance index psi 2 of the primary frequency modulation responding characteristic, assessing a stability performance index psi 3 of the primary frequency modulation responding characteristic, and assessing a robustness index psi 4 of the primary frequency modulation responding characteristic. The invention establishes the primary modulation frequency responding characteristic assessment index from four respects of accuracy, fastness, stability and robustness of the interconnection power grid primary frequency modulation control effect, provides the method for objectively evaluating the primary modulation frequency responding effect, analyzes the responding characteristics of the power grid primary modulation frequency responding characteristic. When the frequency of the interconnection power grid is changed, the power generator unit or the load spontaneously or continuously inhibits the change of the frequency.

Description

A kind of interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure.
Background technology
Interconnected network primary frequency modulation refers to when power system frequency departs from target, and genset is done to adjust meritorious exerting oneself by the automatic regulation moving of governing system and reduced the process of frequency departure.If interconnected network does not have a good frequency response characteristic, the metastable state underfrequency of system after accident can be caused, thus cause low cycles unloading device action, be unfavorable for the reliability service of system.Primary frequency modulation for realize grid generation Automatic dispatching, improve the quality of power supply, maintain power network safety operation can play an important role.
There is following problem in existing primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure: the real time data of Man-made Dead, momentary speed variation, the peak load amplitude of accommodation, dead-band, respondent behavior is measured more difficult.And be also in the starting stage about the research of interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure at present, be mainly divided into static evaluation method and dynamic assessment method, these two class methods cut both ways again:
Static evaluation method utilizes genset to exert oneself variation characteristic to assess unit primary frequency modulation effect; The method creates the evaluation index such as difference coefficient, primary frequency modulation contributing electricity, and carries out integration operation due to the method to electricity and have comparatively strong robustness and have engineering practicability; But the method gained index affects larger by genset operating condition, generating set primary frequency regulation true effect can not be reflected completely and be applicable to the electrical network dynamic evaluation of different capabilities, and method is still in theoretical research stage, be based on the equipment such as boiler steam turbine pitch there is the prerequisite of the known hypothesis of detailed parameter under, carry out analytic system ruuning situation according to desirable transport function.But a lot of parameter cannot obtain in actual set is run, therefore the method still can not be applied in practice.
Dynamic evaluation method is in theoretical research stage too, when supposing that the parameter that the equipment such as boiler, steam turbine, pitch are detailed is known equally, then according to the working condition of desirable transfer function analysis system.But in actual motion, because a lot of parameter cannot obtain, therefore still can not obtain practical application.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention, just be to provide a kind of interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure, this method has stronger universality, the electrical network of different load capacity and frequency characteristic can be applicable to, electrical network occur comparatively large disturbances event time, system can provide the result of each tracking generating set primary frequency regulation performance evaluation in real time or quasi real time, supervises each power plant to be optimized generating set primary frequency regulation performance, meets the grid requirements of different load capacity and frequency characteristic.
Solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure, it is characterized in that: described method, when analyzing generator group primary frequency modulation parameter and index, rejects the impact of AGC (Automatic Generation Control) instruction by the change deducting AGC instruction in generating set power change:
P ~ a c t = P a c t - ( P a f t A G C - P b e f A G C ) - - - ( 1 ) ;
In formula: for removing the generating set power after AGC instruction variable effect; P actfor genset real output; aGC instruction during stable state after the disturbance of expression genset; represent AGC instruction during genset disturbance presteady state;
Described method is further comprising the steps of:
S1, the accuracy index ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 1
S1-1, weigh with performance factor, computing formula is as follows:
ϵ = N c o r r e c t N t o t a l × 100 % - - - ( 2 ) ;
In formula: N correctfor every day or the moon, year correct operation number of times, N totalfor every day or the moon, year genset generation action total degree;
When across day or the moon, Nian Shi, program is programming count genset day or the moon, year correspondingly) answer action correct operation number of times and day or the moon, year) there is action total degree;
Every day performance factor ε is greater than 60%, thinks that genset drops into primary frequency function; Month or year similar;
S1-2, it is as follows that generating set primary frequency regulation operational percentage η (moon) adds up formula:
η = T o p e T c o n × 100 % - - - ( 3 ) ;
In formula: T operepresent and put into operation the time by the primary frequency modulation moon; T conrepresent the genset moon grid-connected time;
If statistics every day or annual primary frequency modulation operational percentage, the relevant moon statistic in formula (3) is changed into relevant day/year statistic;
If calculate the primary frequency modulation operational percentage of full factory of certain power plant, by the primary frequency modulation operational percentage averaged of genset in this factory; Here getting when operational percentage is greater than 90% is represent bringing normally into operation;
Work as ψ 1meet ε > 60% and meet η > 90% simultaneously, then thinking the accuracy qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system; Otherwise be defective.
S2, the rapidity index ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 2
S2-1, genset reaction velocity delay time t delay(unit s) is weighed:
t delay＝t P-begin-t P-beyond(4)；
In formula: t p-beginrepresent meritorious to exert oneself the moment starting to change; t p-endrepresent that mains frequency exceedes the moment of threshold value; Retardation time is shorter, represents that the reaction of genset to frequency is faster;
The concrete examination marginal time according to the characteristic sets itself (here for 3s) of zones of different electrical network;
S2-2, genset is regulated the speed and is used t stabilization time stable(unit s) is weighed:
t stable＝t P-begin-t P-end(5)；
In formula: t p-beginrepresent meritorious to exert oneself the moment starting to change; t p-endrepresent that generated power is exerted oneself and arrive the moment of new stationary value after the adjustment; Stabilization time is shorter, represents that the speed of genset adjustment is faster;
The concrete examination marginal time according to the characteristic sets itself (here for 5s) of zones of different electrical network;
Work as ψ 2meet and meet simultaneously then think the rapidity qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system;
S3, the stability indicator ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 3
S3-1, with the maximum dynamic frequency deviation of interconnected network weigh, after it refers to that power grid accident occurs, the minimum f that mains frequency falls to bottom; f nomrepresent the frequency (as 50Hz) of the specified operation of electrical network;
The critical maximum dynamic frequency deviation of concrete examination according to the characteristic sets itself (here for 0.025) of zones of different electrical network;
Δf d y n a m i c max = f n o m - f b o t t o m - - - ( 6 ) ;
S3-2, after metastable state frequency deviation f and the action of system primary frequency modulation, and the frequency departure when frequency modulation frequency modulation means such as Automation generation control are not yet taken over weigh;
The critical metastable state frequency deviation f of concrete examination *according to the characteristic sets itself (here for 0.01) of zones of different electrical network;
Δ f = f n o m - f b o t t o m p r i m a r y - - - ( 7 ) ;
Work as ψ 3meet and meet Δ f≤Δ f simultaneously *, then think that the stability indicator of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system is qualified;
S4, the robustness index ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 4
Weigh with primary frequency modulation deposit, it refers to that generator participates in primary frequency modulation process at speed regulator, the power that can increase; During this index employing genset participation primary frequency modulation, the integration of output power variable quantity calculates, and adopts actual act electricity and theoretical action electricity number percent quantitative evaluation generating set primary frequency regulation performance, introduces primary frequency modulation performance index change contribution rate is that the ratio of actual contribution electricity and theory contribution electricity is as follows:
In formula: W actualfor genset is in course of adjustment actual contribution electricity (unit is kilowatt hour), W theoryfor genset is in course of adjustment theory contribution electricity (unit is kilowatt hour); Actual contribution electricity expression formula is as follows:
W a c t u a l = ∫ t 0 t t ( P ~ t , i - P 0 , i ) d t - - - ( 9 ) ;
In formula: t 0represent that mains frequency exceedes the moment of threshold value; t trepresent that mains frequency gets back to the moment of threshold value, if not more than 1 minute, calculated by 1 minute; represent that the meritorious of genset of t is exerted oneself in integral process; P 0represent t in integral process 0the genset in moment is meritorious exerts oneself;
Theory contribution electricity W theoryexpression formula is as follows:
W t h e o r y = ∫ t 0 t t ( Δ f ( t ) f n o m × δ s e t × P n o m ) d t - - - ( 10 ) ;
In formula: Δ f (t) represents the deviation of t mains frequency and threshold value; δ setit is the difference coefficient investigation value (getting 5%) that the setting value of the difference coefficient of theoretic genset or electrical network specify; P nomrepresent the nominal operation power of genset; f nomrepresent the nominal operating frequency of genset;
The scope (fired power generating unit) that if mains frequency exceeds [49.967Hz-50.033Hz], and the duration exceed the time span of specifying, so start primary frequency modulation examination, contributing electricity calculates by (7) formula; If or mains frequency exceeds the scope (Hydropower Unit) of [49.95Hz-50.05Hz], and the duration exceedes the time span of specifying, so just start primary frequency modulation examination, contributing electricity calculates by (7) formula; Device electricity when high frequency is sent out less or low frequency is multiple is on the occasion of namely just contributing; Otherwise the device electricity when high frequency is multiple or low frequency is sent out less is negative value i.e. negative contribution;
Work as ψ 4meet time (here for 95%), then think the robustness qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system;
Although machine unit characteristic, the frequency characteristic of the zones of different electrical network of interconnected network are not quite similar.But each regional power grid according to the frequency characteristic of self, can have examine the several aspect of unit primary frequency modulation response characteristic with stressing.In a word, by the various combination of above-mentioned 4 indexs, the evaluation work of the primary frequency modulation response characteristic of different electrical network can be adapted to.
The present invention sets up from interconnected network primary frequency modulation control effects and accuracy, rapidity, stability and robustness four aspects primary frequency modulation response characteristic evaluation index, give the method for objective evaluation primary frequency modulation response effect, analyze primary frequency regulation of power network response characteristic, namely when interconnected network frequency change, genset or load is spontaneous, the change of blanketing frequency constantly.
Beneficial effect: instant invention overcomes the weak point can't taking into account static evaluation method and dynamic assessment method that current evaluation system exists, from interconnected network primary frequency modulation control effects and accuracy, rapidity, stability and robustness four aspects, primary frequency modulation response characteristic evaluation index is set up.In a word, by the various combination of above-mentioned 4 indexs, the evaluation work of the primary frequency modulation response characteristic of different electrical network can be adapted to.
In interconnected network frequency response process, be desirably in accuracy and rapidity that the primary frequency modulation starting stage pursues primary frequency modulation response, fast frequency be adjusted in limited range; Later stage, by stability, ensures frequency smooth change; The antijamming capability of whole response process is improved finally by robust analysis.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 genset regulation and control system block diagram;
Frequency variation curve figure after the large load disturbance of Fig. 2 electrical network;
Fig. 3 is primary frequency modulation deposit change curve.
Specific implementation method
Interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure of the present invention, evaluation index is made up of robustness index four indexs of the accuracy index of primary frequency modulation response characteristic, the rapidity index of primary frequency modulation response characteristic, the stability indicator of primary frequency modulation response characteristic and primary frequency modulation response characteristic.
The accuracy index of primary frequency modulation response characteristic comprises performance factor and the correct operational percentage of primary frequency modulation of primary frequency modulation, is the basis of guaranteeing primary frequency modulation evaluation method correctness; The rapidity index of primary frequency modulation response characteristic is based on Slack time T delaywith T stabilization time stableconcept, as the index weighing generating set primary frequency regulation capability of fast response, characterize the contribution in genset dynamic response process, electrical network being tackled soon to load disturbance; The stability indicator of primary frequency modulation response characteristic is from maximum frequency deviation Δ f dyn-maxweigh system in the disturbed situation of system with metastable state frequency deviation f two aspects and realize inherent characteristic when stablizing; Robustness index primary frequency modulation contributing electricity two aspect analytic systems of primary frequency modulation response characteristic can provide stronger robust property to such disturbance.
Current most of genset all drops into AGC loop, usually with the change of AGC instruction in the process of response primary frequency modulation, have a strong impact on the analysis of the primary frequency modulation performance of genset, genset is exerted oneself with the superposition value of Automatic Generation Control and primary frequency modulation instruction for target regulates, and its matching relationship as shown in Figure 1.Therefore, in order to more accurate evaluation index can be built, the impact that AGC instruction change produces should be rejected.In figure: rotating speed is converted into the function of exerting oneself by F (x).
As shown in Figure 1, final command signal of exerting oneself for controlling genset comprises load instruction signal and primary frequency modulation command signal 2 parts, wherein the AGC signal instruction cycle is general longer, change is relatively slower, very limited on the of short duration dynamic process impact after the action of genset response primary frequency modulation; In addition, the primary frequency modulation parameter of genset mostly is Index For Steady-state, describe be unit steady-state operation time characteristic, and according to Fig. 1 the Control system architecture block diagram of genset, AGC instruction can think the change being equal to AGC instruction itself when not considering that AGC topworks postpones on the impact of genset steady state power.Therefore, comprehensive above 2 points, when analyzing generator group primary frequency modulation parameter and index, the impact of AGC instruction by deducting the change of AGC instruction to reject most impact in generating set power change.
P ~ a c t = P a c t - ( P a f t A G C - P b e f A G C ) - - - ( 1 ) ;
In formula: for removing the generating set power after AGC instruction variable effect; P actfor genset real output; aGC instruction during stable state after the disturbance of expression genset; represent AGC instruction during genset disturbance presteady state.
Next analyze from accuracy, rapidity, stability and robustness four appraisal procedures of aspect to primary frequency modulation response characteristic respectively:
1) the accuracy index ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 1
The performance factor of primary frequency modulation guarantees the basic index of frequency modulation effect, if the performance factor of primary frequency modulation genset is too low, then guarantees that the effect of primary frequency modulation is not just known where to begin; Performance factor gets over efficiency and the effect that Gao Zeyue is conducive to improving primary frequency modulation.Native system is analyzed the real time data that energy management system forwards, thus to monitor when mains frequency is abnormal genset whether correct operation.If frequency anomaly, then add up and answer action frequency, genset correct operation is cumulative actual act number of times then.When across day, the automatic performance factor to each genset of subordinate is added up by server software.The computing formula of performance factor is as follows.
ϵ = N c o r r e c t N t o t a l × 100 % - - - ( 2 ) ;
In formula: N correctfor every day or the moon, year correct operation number of times, N totalfor every day or the moon, year genset generation action total degree;
When across day or the moon, Nian Shi, program is programming count genset day or the moon, year correspondingly) answer action correct operation number of times and day or the moon, year) there is action total degree;
Every day performance factor ε is greater than 60%, thinks that genset drops into primary frequency function; Month or can similarly define in year.
The generally employing of modern digital electro-hydraulic control system, the primary frequency modulation parameter of genset can be modified easily, and primary frequency function also can carry out switching operation.The parameter of on-line monitoring generating set primary frequency regulation and index are run contributing to dispatching of power netwoks and the Primary frequency control ability examining the genset that puts into operation, and auxiliary electrical network power dispatching, improves the security and stability of electrical network.
Cause genset losing regulatory function due to the disturbed primary frequency modulation of interconnected network in order to reduce as far as possible due to the adjustment dead band artificially arranged, generating set primary frequency regulation operational percentage (moon) adds up formula should be as follows:
η = T o p e T c o n × 100 % - - - ( 3 ) ;
In formula: T operepresent and put into operation the time by the primary frequency modulation moon; T conrepresent the genset moon grid-connected time; If statistics every day or every primary frequency modulation operational percentage, the relevant moon statistic in formula (3) is changed into relevant day/year statistic; If calculate the primary frequency modulation operational percentage of full factory of certain power plant, by the primary frequency modulation operational percentage averaged of genset in this factory; Here getting when operational percentage is greater than 90% is represent bringing normally into operation;
2) the rapidity index ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 2
The reflection of rapidity index be dynamic property in generating set primary frequency regulation process, comprise reaction velocity and regulate the speed, this index is on the dynamic stability impact of mains frequency significantly.
t delay＝t P-begin-t P-beyond(4)；
In formula: t p-beginrepresent meritorious to exert oneself the moment starting to change; t p-endrepresent that mains frequency exceedes the moment of threshold value; Retardation time is shorter, represents that the reaction of genset to frequency is faster; The concrete examination marginal time can according to the characteristic sets itself (here for 3s) of zones of different electrical network;
Genset is regulated the speed and is used t stabilization time stable(unit s) is weighed:
t stable＝t P-begin-t P-end(5)；
In formula: t p-beginrepresent meritorious to exert oneself the moment starting to change; t p-endrepresent that generated power is exerted oneself and arrive the moment of new stationary value after the adjustment; Stabilization time is shorter, represents that the speed of genset adjustment is faster; The concrete examination marginal time can according to the characteristic sets itself (here for 5s) of zones of different electrical network;
Work as ψ 2meet and meet simultaneously then think the rapidity qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system;
3) the stability indicator ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 3
After the maximum dynamic frequency deviation of interconnected network refers to that power grid accident occurs, the minimum that mains frequency falls to, it is mainly by amplitude and the duration of disturbance; The kinetic energy that generator amature stores; Participate in the generator number of primary frequency modulation, primary frequency modulation idle capacity and the allocation proportion between generating genset thereof; The dynamic perfromance of generator, controller (as speed regulator); The impact of the factors such as the dynamic frequency characteristic of load.
After metastable state frequency deviation f refers to the action of system primary frequency modulation, and the frequency departure when frequency modulation frequency modulation means such as Automation generation control are not yet taken over, it is mainly by the frequency response coefficient of network and the amplitude of disturbance; Control zone participates in the permanent speed regulation of the generator of primary frequency modulation; Load is to factors such as the sensitivity of frequency response.
4) the robustness index ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 4
Because primary frequency modulation contributing electricity belongs to integration amount, so have good robustness, therefore, be used to weigh each genset in the contribution participating in tackling in primary frequency modulation process load disturbance.
During this index employing genset participation primary frequency modulation, the integration of output power variable quantity calculates, but the change of generating set power may comprise the effect of frequency modulation frequency modulation instruction, when the AGC of genset and primary frequency modulation all drop into, there will be AGC and the anti-phenomenon adjusted of primary frequency modulation.Therefore, the interference of the power that AGC causes need be removed.Primary frequency modulation performance is difficult to strictly use acceptance or rejection qualitative analysis, adopts actual act electricity and theoretical action electricity number percent quantitative evaluation generating set primary frequency regulation performance herein, introduces primary frequency modulation performance index change contribution rate is that the ratio of actual contribution electricity and theory contribution electricity is as follows:
In formula: W actualfor genset is in course of adjustment actual contribution electricity (unit is kilowatt hour), W theoryfor genset is in course of adjustment theory contribution electricity (unit is kilowatt hour); Actual contribution electricity expression formula is as follows:
W a c t u a l = ∫ t 0 t t ( P ~ t , i - P 0 , i ) d t - - - ( 9 ) ;
In formula: t 0represent that mains frequency exceedes the moment of threshold value; t trepresent that mains frequency gets back to the moment of threshold value, if not more than 1 minute, calculated by 1 minute; represent that the meritorious of genset of t is exerted oneself in integral process; P 0represent t in integral process 0the genset in moment is meritorious exerts oneself;
Theory contribution electricity W theoryexpression formula is as follows:
W t h e o r y = ∫ t 0 t t ( Δ f ( t ) f n o m × δ s e t × P n o m ) d t - - - ( 10 ) ;
In formula: Δ f (t) represents the deviation of t mains frequency and threshold value; δ setit is the difference coefficient investigation value (getting 5%) that the setting value of the difference coefficient of theoretic genset or electrical network specify; P nomrepresent the nominal operation power of genset; f nomrepresent the nominal operating frequency of genset;
The circular of general electrical network is as described below: for thermoelectricity genset, if mains frequency exceeds (50 ± 0.033) Hz, duration exceedes fixed time length, and start primary frequency modulation examination, contributing electricity integrated value calculates according to formula (7); For Hydropower Unit; If mains frequency exceeds (50 ± 0.05) Hz, the duration exceedes fixed time length, and start primary frequency modulation examination, contributing electricity integrated value calculates according to formula (7).The device electricity that high frequency is sent out less or low frequency is multiple is on the occasion of (just contributing); Otherwise the device electricity that the multiple or low frequency of high frequency is sent out less is negative value (negative contribution).
With certain electrical network tracking genset problem that primary frequency modulation actuating quantity is obviously not enough in mains frequency large disturbances event as shown in Figure 2, after load disturbance as large in certain electrical network, frequency variation curve is that example is analyzed:
First stage (t 1-t 2), in 4 seconds, system frequency declines rapidly from 50.02Hz and crosses adjustment dead band.
Subordinate phase (t 2-t 3), system rises from 8s moment genset is exerted oneself, to t 3moment system frequency is reduced to 49.926Hz, due to the effect of generating set primary frequency regulation, is that system frequency is dull, to t 3moment primary frequency modulation effect performs to maximum.The now maximum dynamic frequency deviation delta f of system dyn-max=0.041Hz.
Phase III (t 3-t 4), from t 3to t 4moment system frequency progressively rises near 49.95Hz, now system metastable state frequency deviation f=0.017Hz.
Fourth stage (t 4afterwards), from t 4after moment, frequency stabilization is at 49.95Hz, and mainly dispatching decree increases the genset effect of exerting oneself.
Four-stage in conjunction with above-mentioned whole frequency response is analyzed accordingly:
First, ensure the situation primary frequency modulation moon operational percentage > 90% of the primary frequency modulation performance factor ε > 60% of genset and the operational percentage of primary frequency modulation, namely ensure that the correctness of primary frequency modulation characteristic response preferably.
Secondly, after primary frequency modulation crosses adjustment dead band, the action of genset is not at t 2moment but have the time delay of 4s, rise from 8s moment genset is exerted oneself, this is the rapidity that the existence analyzing known decay time from the rapidity of primary frequency modulation have impact on system responses; Meanwhile, system is through maximum dynamically inclined t 3start after moment progressively to enter stabilization time after 7s, now can reflect the rapidity of system objectively stabilization time.
Then, from the stability of system frequency response, genset fm capacity is stronger, and frequency dynamic response is faster, maximum frequency deviation Δ f dyn-maxless with metastable state frequency deviation f, steady frequency deviation is less, but genset is exerted oneself also larger by the impact of frequency change.Its frequency dynamic speed of response is identical, and the moment reaching maximum frequency deviation is identical, not because of load variations amount number and change.
Finally from the robustness angle analysis of system frequency modulation response characteristic, because the margin capacity of genset is not enough, make the stabilization process cycle of system long, here primary frequency modulation robust performance index φ=80%, this weighs each genset in the contribution participating in tackling in primary frequency modulation process load disturbance by having a strong impact on, and then impact participates in examination and the compensation of primary frequency regulation of power network to genset afterwards, thus encourage genset to play an active part in primary frequency modulation and safeguard the stable of electrical network.For frequency variation curve after the large load disturbance of certain electrical network shown in Fig. 2, (accuracy index ψ can be carried out by four of a primary frequency modulation response characteristic index 1, rapidity index ψ 2defective, stability indicator ψ 3defective and robustness index ψ 4defective) the analysis interconnected network primary frequency modulation response characteristic of becoming reconciled.
In sum, although the machine unit characteristic of the zones of different electrical network of interconnected network, frequency characteristic are not quite similar.But each regional power grid according to the frequency characteristic of self, can have examine the several aspect of unit primary frequency modulation response characteristic with stressing.In a word, by the various combination of above-mentioned 4 indexs, the evaluation work of the primary frequency modulation response characteristic of different electrical network can be adapted to.

Claims (5)

1. an interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure, is characterized in that:
Described method, when analyzing generator group primary frequency modulation parameter and index, rejects the impact of AGC instruction by the change deducting AGC instruction in generating set power change:
P ~ a c t = P a c t - ( P a f t A G C - P b e f A G C ) - - - ( 1 ) ;
In formula: for removing the generating set power after AGC instruction variable effect; P actfor genset real output; aGC instruction during stable state after the disturbance of expression genset; represent AGC instruction during genset disturbance presteady state;
Described method is further comprising the steps of:
S1, the accuracy index ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 1;
S2, the rapidity index ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 2;
S3, the stability indicator ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 3;
S4, the robustness index ψ of assessment primary frequency modulation response characteristic 4.
2. interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step S1 assesses the accuracy index ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 1comprise following sub-step:
S1-1, weigh with performance factor, computing formula is as follows:
ϵ = N c o r r e c t N t o t a l × 100 % - - - ( 2 ) ;
In formula: N correctfor every day or the moon, year correct operation number of times, N totalfor every day or the moon, year genset generation action total degree;
S1-2, it is as follows that generating set primary frequency regulation operational percentage η (moon) adds up formula:
η = T o p e T c o n × 100 % - - - ( 3 ) ;
In formula: T operepresent and put into operation the time by the primary frequency modulation moon; T conrepresent the genset moon grid-connected time;
Work as ψ 1meet ε > 60% and meet η > 90% simultaneously, then thinking the accuracy qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system, otherwise being defective.
3. interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step S2 assesses the rapidity index ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 2comprise following sub-step:
S2-1, genset reaction velocity delay time t delayweigh, unit is s:
t delay＝t P-begin-t P-beyond(4)；
In formula: t p-beginrepresent meritorious to exert oneself the moment starting to change; t p-endrepresent that mains frequency exceedes the moment of threshold value;
Retardation time is shorter, represents that the reaction of genset to frequency is faster;
The examination marginal time according to the characteristic sets itself of zones of different electrical network;
S2-2, genset is regulated the speed and is used t stabilization time stableweigh, unit is s:
t stable＝t P-begin-t P-end(5)；
In formula: t p-beginrepresent meritorious to exert oneself the moment starting to change; t p-endrepresent that generated power is exerted oneself and arrive the moment of new stationary value after the adjustment; Stabilization time is shorter, represents that the speed of genset adjustment is faster;
The concrete examination marginal time according to the characteristic sets itself of zones of different electrical network;
Work as ψ 2meet and meet simultaneously then think the rapidity qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system.
4. interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step S3 assesses the stability indicator ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 3comprise following sub-step:
S3-1, with the maximum dynamic frequency deviation of interconnected network weigh, after it refers to that power grid accident occurs, the minimum f that mains frequency falls to bottom; f nomrepresent the frequency of the specified operation of electrical network;
The critical maximum dynamic frequency deviation of concrete examination according to the characteristic sets itself of zones of different electrical network;
Δf d y n a m i c max = f n o m - f b o t t o m - - - ( 6 ) ;
S3-2, frequency departure when not yet taking over frequency modulation frequency modulation means such as Automation generation control after metastable state frequency deviation f and the action of system primary frequency modulation weigh;
The critical metastable state frequency deviation f of concrete examination *according to the characteristic sets itself of zones of different electrical network;
Δ f = f n o m - f b o t t o m p r i m a r y - - - ( 7 ) ;
Work as ψ 3meet and meet Δ f≤Δ f simultaneously *, then think that the stability indicator of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system is qualified.
5. interconnected network primary frequency modulation response performance appraisal procedure according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step S4 assesses the robustness index ψ of primary frequency modulation response characteristic 4comprise following sub-step:
Weigh with primary frequency modulation deposit, during employing genset participation primary frequency modulation, the integration of output power variable quantity calculates, and adopts actual act electricity and theoretical action electricity number percent quantitative evaluation generating set primary frequency regulation performance, introduces primary frequency modulation performance index change contribution rate is that the ratio of actual contribution electricity and theory contribution electricity is as follows:
In formula: W actualfor genset is in course of adjustment actual contribution electricity, unit is kilowatt hour, W theoryfor genset is in course of adjustment theory contribution electricity, unit is kilowatt hour; Actual contribution electricity expression formula is as follows:
W a c t u a l = ∫ t 0 t t ( P ~ t , i - P 0 , i ) d t - - - ( 9 ) ;
In formula: t 0represent that mains frequency exceedes the moment of threshold value; t trepresent that mains frequency gets back to the moment of threshold value, if not more than 1 minute, calculated by 1 minute; represent that the meritorious of genset of t is exerted oneself in integral process; P 0represent t in integral process 0the genset in moment is meritorious exerts oneself;
Theory contribution electricity W theoryexpression formula is as follows:
W t h e o r y = ∫ t 0 t t ( Δ f ( t ) f n o m × δ s e t × P n o m ) d t - - - ( 10 ) ; In formula: Δ f (t) represents the deviation of t mains frequency and threshold value; δ setit is the difference coefficient investigation value that the setting value of the difference coefficient of theoretic genset or electrical network specify; P nomrepresent the nominal operation power of genset; f nomrepresent the nominal operating frequency of genset;
If the mains frequency of fired power generating unit exceeds the scope of [49.967Hz-50.033Hz], and the duration exceed the time span of specifying, so start primary frequency modulation examination, contributing electricity calculates by (7) formula;
If or Hydropower Unit mains frequency exceeds the scope of [49.95Hz-50.05Hz], and the duration exceed the time span of specifying, so start primary frequency modulation examination, contributing electricity calculates by (7) formula;
Device electricity when high frequency is sent out less or low frequency is multiple is on the occasion of namely just contributing; Otherwise the device electricity when high frequency is multiple or low frequency is sent out less is negative value i.e. negative contribution;
Work as ψ 4meet time, then think the robustness qualified of primary frequency modulation response characteristic of system.
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