CN112084640B - Start-up and shut-down simulation model of hydroelectric generating set with different frequency modulation capacities in frequency modulation market - Google Patents

Start-up and shut-down simulation model of hydroelectric generating set with different frequency modulation capacities in frequency modulation market Download PDF

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CN112084640B
CN112084640B CN202010886421.4A CN202010886421A CN112084640B CN 112084640 B CN112084640 B CN 112084640B CN 202010886421 A CN202010886421 A CN 202010886421A CN 112084640 B CN112084640 B CN 112084640B
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frequency modulation
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CN112084640A (en
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胡林
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Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Co Ltd
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Huaneng Lancang River Hydropower Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/466—Scheduling the operation of the generators, e.g. connecting or disconnecting generators to meet a given demand
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/04—Power grid distribution networks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
    • Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
    • Y04S10/00—Systems supporting electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y04S10/50—Systems or methods supporting the power network operation or management, involving a certain degree of interaction with the load-side end user applications

Abstract

The invention discloses a startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market, which is used for comparing the running state of the current generating set with various running working conditions after starting or stopping one generating set respectively, so that the problem of over-divergence of the solving range is avoided. On one hand, the invention can automatically carry out the start-up and shut-down operation on the unit in the actual power generation operation work, thereby reducing the burden of operators; on the other hand, the model can be used for carrying out simulation intelligent start-stop operation according to the condition that different assumed frequency modulation capacities are used as secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacities, and a simulation time sequence state of the unit start-stop operation is generated.

Description

Start-up and shut-down simulation model of hydroelectric generating set with different frequency modulation capacities in frequency modulation market
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric generation automation, in particular to a startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market.
Background
At present, the starting and stopping operations of most of the hydropower stations are automatically completed by a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) of a Local Control Unit (LCU) of a computer monitoring system through a preset sequential control flow under the condition of no human intervention. The automatic start-stop function greatly reduces the workload of operators, eliminates the possibility of manual misoperation, improves the success rate of start-stop, and still needs the operators to manually trigger the start-up flow or the stop flow, so that the following problems exist:
1) the hydropower station operation management mode that a plurality of hydropower stations are remotely and centrally controlled by a basin centralized control center or a ladder adjusting center gradually becomes the mainstream is adopted, and in the large-scale centralized control mode, due to frequent times, even simple startup and shutdown triggering operation also forms a heavy workload for operators.
2) At present, a planned curve control mode of active power is generally adopted for a direct-regulation large hydropower station with total regulation and provincial regulation, namely, a planned total active set value of the hydropower station 24 hours in the whole day is issued to the hydropower station, a basin centralized control center or a ladder regulation center in advance in a form of a 96-point planned curve (with 15-minute interval) or a 288-point planned curve (with 5-minute interval), then the planned curve is linearly filled by an automatic power generation control function (AGC) of the hydropower station, a minute-level planned total active set value of the hydropower station is generated, and then the active power of each hydropower unit is regulated at corresponding time. However, whether the AGC can effectively adjust the power of the power station depends on the matching of the number of the generating state units and the planned total active set value of the hydropower station, so that the condition that the total active set value of the hydropower station cannot be executed in place due to the fact that operation personnel are not started or stopped timely due to careless work is often generated.
3) The occurrence of the multi-operation-area hydroelectric generating sets further increases the complexity of the problem, and according to the arrangement of the hydroelectric generating sets in the range of rated capacity divided from low to high, in addition to the more common vibration area → suggested operation-area generating sets (conventional type generating sets), the vibration area 1 represented by power stations such as a glutinous ferry, a bay and the like → the limited operation area → the vibration area 2 → the suggested operation-area generating sets (single suggested operation-area generating sets) also appear; and a less common vibration area represented by a seedling tail power station → a recommended operation area 1 → a restricted operation area → a recommended operation area 2 unit (a double recommended operation area unit). For the latter two types of hydroelectric generating sets with multiple operation intervals, even if the number of generating state sets can be matched with the total active set value of a hydropower station plan, the problem of finding the optimal starting number to ensure that the minimum set is in the limited operation area still exists, so how to more appropriately plan the starting and stopping of the set to avoid the set from operating in the limited operation area as far as possible becomes a major challenge to operators.
4) An individual power station such as a glutinous ferry hydropower station not only meets the responsiveness constraint of scheduling active curve planning and the stability constraint of avoiding limiting the operation of the unit in an operation area, but also needs to ensure that no less than a certain number of units are in a power generation state under partial working conditions, so that sufficient spare adjustable capacity is provided for the safe and stable operation of a power grid. The above 3 kinds of constraints, namely, responsiveness constraint, stability constraint and safety constraint, conflict with each other under different priority weights, so that the complexity and safety risk of the overall startup and shutdown work of centralized control and power station operating personnel are further increased.
5) In addition, in order to further improve the operation stability of the power grid, power generation enterprises are stimulated to provide higher-quality frequency modulation auxiliary services, the decisive role of the market in resource allocation is fully played, and the frequency modulation auxiliary service market is widely established for each power grid in the last two years. Taking each power grid in south as an example, the frequency modulation market of the power grid in Guangdong is put into operation formally at present, and the frequency modulation market of provincial power grids such as Yunnan and the like is also put into operation in 2020. Under a frequency modulation market mechanism, the hydropower station not only meets a planned total active set value of the hydropower station, but also needs to reserve sufficient secondary frequency modulation adjustment capacity according to scalar quantities in secondary frequency modulation, and the upward and downward secondary frequency modulation reservation adjustment capacities are equal, so that the planned total active set value of the hydropower station is expanded from a point matching problem to an interval matching problem, a more rigorous requirement is provided for the reasonability of the number arrangement of the generating state units, and the workload of operators is undoubtedly greatly increased.
Meanwhile, another problem brought by the frequency modulation market is that when a power station participates in the frequency modulation market bidding, the secondary frequency modulation capacity needs to be declared within a certain proportion range (15% -50% of the Yunnan power grid) according to the secondary frequency modulation demand published by scheduling in a time-sharing unit. Because the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the power station is objectively constrained by the number of available units (including a power generation state unit and a standby state unit) of the power station, a planned active set value, a power generation head, a dynamic combination of an operation area and other complex conditions, if the power station participates in frequency modulation market bidding, the declared secondary frequency modulation capacity is too large, which may possibly cause the problems of unavailable secondary frequency modulation, frequent unit crossing of a vibration area, long-time limitation of operation of too many units in the operation area, frequent start and stop of the machine and the like, thereby bringing serious adverse effects on economic benefits or equipment safety.
The two problems are common in that a fully reliable intelligent start-stop machine model needs to be constructed, an optimal start-stop instruction can be automatically calculated according to the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity based on the hydropower station working condition and the unit state, and a time sequence state of the start-stop of the unit is generated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a start-up and shut-down simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market, which can comprehensively consider factors such as secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of a power station, start-up and shut-down frequency, limitation of the number of the generating sets in an operation area, operation duration and the like, and can assist bidding decision-making personnel to calculate the optimal declared capacity of each time period of the hydroelectric generating sets participating in bidding in the frequency modulation market.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market receives simulation parameters, which comprise: at each time point, inputting a unit with the function of intelligent start-stop, the priority of start-stop of the unit, the range of each operation area of each unit and a planned active set value;
on the basis of the running states of all the units which are put into intelligent start-up and shut-down at present, the running working condition after the start-up and shut-down state of one unit is changed is taken as a start-up and shut-down strategy;
generating a planned active set value according to an active plan curve at fixed intervals, and constructing a vector P representing a planned total active set value of the hydropower station in a future period of timeset', advancing the simulation time by a minimum interval of active schedule value change each time the simulation module completes a simulation calculation cycle;
constructing a vector P corresponding to the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity at a certain future momentfIn the appointed time interval, the frequency modulation capacity of the last time segment of the simulation time interval is taken as the frequency modulation capacity after the simulation time interval; if the simulation time interval is the whole bidding period or the last sub-period, taking the simulation parameter of the last time point of the simulation time interval as the simulation parameter after the simulation time interval;
constructing a matrix P representing the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the active power regulation range at a certain time in the futureset(ii) a Considering that different number of units are in the limited operation area, the corresponding combined operation area
Figure BDA0002655700160000031
Wherein
Figure BDA0002655700160000032
Indicating that i machine sets are in a combined operation area corresponding to the limited operation area in the current mode,
Figure BDA0002655700160000033
the start-up and shut-down strategy for indicating that the j unit changes the start-up and shut-down state is executed, and after the execution, i units are in a combined operation area corresponding to the limited operation area;
on the basis, a 2-row and n + 1-column start-up and shutdown matrix model S is constructedjAnd simulating or verifying the starting and stopping states of the available units under the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity in each sub-period and the whole bidding period:
matrix SjEach element in the 1 st line is a matching degree parameter of the active power adjusting range of the hydropower station and the number of the generating state units in the mode at different times, and the larger the value of the parameter is, the poorer the matching property is; j is a unit for changing the start-stop state, and when j is 0, SjIs a matrix model in the current mode;
matrix SjThe elements of row 2 of (1) are the weighted number of the minimum unit in the limited operation area in order to satisfy the hydropower station active power regulation range at different times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the start-up and shut-down simulation model of the hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in the frequency modulation market is compared with multiple operation working conditions of starting one machine or stopping one machine respectively on the basis of the operation state of the current machine set, so that the problem of over divergence of the solving range is avoided, and if k machine sets are provided with an intelligent start-up and shut-down function, the model only compares k +1 working conditions (k working conditions for sequentially changing the start-up and shut-down states of one machine set and all machine sets which do not change the start-up and shut-down states) instead of 2 working conditionskComparison is made for the various operating conditions (different combinations of k machine components in the generating state and the non-generating state, respectively).
The invention can obtain the time sequence change result of the on-off state of each unit possibly caused by each assumed frequency modulation capacity in a simulation mode, thereby ensuring that each assumed frequency modulation capacity can be judged to have feasibility and quantization superiority and inferiority and can be compared with each other, thereby converging the originally extremely divergent decision process. By adopting the simulation model provided by the invention, the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity of each time period can be determined firstly, then the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity is verified in the whole bidding time period, and the mode of correcting according to the verification result can avoid the work of comparing the massive combination modes of various assumed frequency modulation capacities of different time periods, thereby greatly reducing the calculated amount of a program.
By utilizing the simulation model, on one hand, the unit can be automatically started and stopped in the actual power generation operation work, so that the burden of operators is reduced; on the other hand, according to the fact that different assumed frequency modulation capacities are used as secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacities, the model is used for carrying out simulation intelligent startup and shutdown operation, the simulation time sequence state of the startup and shutdown of the unit is generated, and on the basis of the simulation time sequence state, the problems that whether the various assumed frequency modulation capacities can be met, whether the unit is frequently started up and shut down, whether the unit is in a limited operation area for a long time and the like are analyzed, and then bidding decision-making personnel are assisted to select feasible and optimal secondary frequency modulation capacities for declaration. The simulation model of the invention considers the conditions of hydropower station equipment working condition, hydropower station planning active set value, waterhead prediction range, scheduling and publishing secondary frequency modulation demand and the like, comprehensively considers the factors of the power station secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity, the starting and stopping frequency, the limitation of the number of sets in an operation area, the operation duration and the like, and can assist bidding decision personnel to perform auxiliary calculation on the optimal reporting capacity of each time period of the hydropower station participating in frequency modulation market bidding so as to give consideration to the dual requirements of economic benefit and equipment safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic logic flow diagram of a simulation model of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows that m < beta in the present invention0A temporal intelligent startup and shutdown operation flow chart;
FIG. 3 shows that 1. ltoreq. beta. of the present invention0When m is less than or equal to m, an intelligent startup and shutdown operation flow chart is obtained;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a simulation model of the present invention participating in an aid decision;
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the attached drawings, which are illustrative, but not limiting, of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a simulation model for startup and shutdown of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market receives simulation parameters including: at each time point, inputting a unit with the function of intelligent start-stop, the priority of start-stop of the unit, the range of each operation area of each unit and a planned active set value;
on the basis of the running states of all the units which are put into intelligent start-up and shut-down at present, the running working condition after the start-up and shut-down state of one unit is changed is taken as a start-up and shut-down strategy;
generating a planned active set value according to an active plan curve at fixed intervals, and constructing a vector P representing a planned total active set value of the hydropower station in a future period of timeset' advancing the simulation time by a minimum time interval of change of the active schedule value each time the simulation module completes a simulation calculation cycle;
constructing a vector P corresponding to the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity at a certain future momentfIn the appointed time interval, the frequency modulation capacity of the last time segment of the simulation time interval is taken as the frequency modulation capacity after the simulation time interval; if the simulation time interval is the whole bidding period or the last sub-period, taking the simulation parameter of the last time point of the simulation time interval as the simulation parameter after the simulation time interval;
constructing a matrix P representing the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the active power regulation range at a certain time in the futureset(ii) a Considering that different number of units are in the limited operation area, the corresponding combined operation area
Figure BDA0002655700160000051
Wherein
Figure BDA0002655700160000052
Indicating that i machine sets are in the combined operation area corresponding to the limited operation area in the current mode,
Figure BDA0002655700160000053
the start-stop strategy for indicating that the j unit changes the start-stop state is executed, and after the execution, i units are in a combined operation area corresponding to the limited operation area;
on the basis, a start-up and shutdown matrix model S with 2 rows and n +1 columns is constructedjAnd simulating or verifying the starting and stopping states of the available units under the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity in each sub-period and the whole bidding period:
matrix SjEach element in the 1 st line is a matching degree parameter of the active power regulation range of the hydropower station and the number of the generating state units in the mode at different times, and the larger the value of the matching degree parameter is, the poorer the matching degree is; j is a unit for changing the start-stop state, and when j is 0, SjIs a matrix model in the current mode;
matrix SjThe elements of row 2 of (a) are the weighted numbers of the set of the limited operation zone that must be at minimum in order to satisfy the hydropower station active power regulation range at different times.
The element operation of the matrix model is as follows:
to matrix model SjThe element value of the 1 st row of (1) is judged, the element with the minimum column index is found out from all the elements which are not equal to 0, and the column index of the element is assigned to betajIf S isjAll elements of line 1 of (1) are 0, then βj＝n+2；
When j is 0, the parameter β0The method has the advantages that the current unit operation mode needs to be changed through starting or stopping so as to meet the urgent degree of an active planning curve and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity; otherwise, the parameter βjMatching degree of the number of generating state units with an active planning curve and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity under different startup and shutdown strategies is measured; for the obtained betajIs arrangedSequence to obtain the maximum value betamax；
Setting t2Judging threshold time for starting and stopping urgent degree, and calculating parameter m, where m is t2/t，t2Much less than t1(ii) a According to beta0The comparison result with m meets the difference of the urgency degree of the active planning curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity, and the corresponding urgent or non-urgent operation flow is entered;
if the situation is urgent, judging whether the change of the start-up and shut-down state of the intelligent start-up and shut-down unit can better match a future active plan curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity; if the situation is not urgent, judging whether the starting and stopping states of the intelligent starting and stopping units are changed to obviously better match the future active plan curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity or not, or reducing the number of units for limiting the operation of an operation area;
the matching degree of different start-up and shut-down strategies with future active planning curves and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity is comprehensively considered, the weighted number of the units which are at least in the limited operation area under the different start-up and shut-down strategies is combined, and the units needing to change the start-up and shut-down states are locked by combining the start-up and shut-down priorities of the intelligent start-up and shut-down units.
The input, creation and operation of the model parameters are detailed below.
S1) inputting simulation parameters of simulation module
The simulation model comprehensively considers various factors such as an active planning curve, secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity, a limited operation area, unit start-stop priority and the like, and automatically generates start-stop instructions on the basis of the number of the units in the optimal power generation state of the hydropower station; the simulation parameters of the simulation module comprise: at each time point, inputting a unit with the function of intelligent start-stop, the priority of start-stop of the unit, the range of each operation area of each unit and a planned active set value; the specific parameter inputs are:
10) according to the time interval of the active power set value of the active power plan curve according to the fixed generation plan, assuming that the time interval is 1 minute, and when the simulation module completes the calculation of one period, the simulation time is advanced for 1 minute;
20) when the simulation module simulates the startup and shutdown state in a specified time interval, the frequency modulation capacity after the time interval needs to be used, so the frequency modulation capacity of the last sub-period of the simulation time interval is used as the frequency modulation capacity after the simulation time interval, for example, the simulation module simulates the startup and shutdown state of 1: 00-1: 59 under the frequency modulation capacity of 100MW, the frequency modulation capacity of 2: 00-2: 59 is also assumed to be 100MW in the simulation process, the simulation result of 2: 00-2: 59 of the simulation module pair is not influenced by the assumption, and when the simulation module simulates 0: 00-23: 59, if the simulation frequency modulation capacity of 23: 00-23: 59 is 150MW, the frequency modulation capacity after the bidding period is also assumed to be 150 MW;
30) when the simulation module simulates the start-up and shut-down state in a specified time interval, the simulation parameter after the time interval is needed to be used, therefore, if the simulation time interval is the whole bidding time interval or the last sub-time interval, the simulation parameter at the last time point of the simulation time interval is used as the simulation parameter after the simulation time interval, and if the sub-time interval participating in the simulation is 1: 00-1: 59, the simulation parameter is taken as the planning active set value, and if the sub-time interval participating in the simulation is 1: 00-2: 59, the planning active set value of 2: 00-2: 59 is directly adjusted when the planning active set value of 2: 00-2: 59 is needed, but if the simulation parameter is 0: 00-23: 59 or 23: 00-23: 59, the planning active set value after the simulation time interval is considered to be the planning active set value of 23: 59;
40) the simulation module defaults that all the states are set as available units and an intelligent start-up and shut-down function is put into;
50) the simulation module simulates the starting and stopping state in a specified time interval, depends on the starting and stopping state of each unit in the time interval, and therefore needs to simulate parameters and frequency modulation capacity according to the first time point in the time interval
60) The simulation module defaults that all the intelligent start-up and shut-down instructions are executed, and the start-up and shut-down state of the corresponding unit is in T executed by the intelligent start-up and shut-down instructions1After a time interval, T is assumed in this embodiment1For 5 minutes, take 1: 00-1: 59 as an example, the default starting and stopping state at 1:00 is that the No. 1 unit is stopped and the No. 2 unit is startedThe method comprises the following steps of obtaining two intelligent starting and stopping instructions in the whole time interval, wherein the two intelligent starting and stopping instructions are respectively 1:20 for executing a starting instruction on a No. 1 unit and 1:56 for executing a stopping instruction on a No. 2 unit, and the simulation starting and stopping states of the No. 1 unit and the No. 2 unit in the 1: 00-1: 59 are respectively 1)1: 00-1: 24, and the No. 1 unit is stopped and the No. 2 unit is started; 2)1: 25-1: 59, the unit 1 is started and the unit 2 is started.
70) The simulation module defaults the starting-up and shutdown priorities of all the units to be arranged from small to large according to the unit sequence numbers, and virtually any default sequence of the starting-up and shutdown priorities does not influence the simulation result.
S2) calculating the default starting and stopping state of each unit in the time interval, comprising the following steps:
51) if n machine sets are available, namely n machine sets are put into the intelligent starting and stopping function, each machine set has 2 states of starting and stopping, and the total number is 2nA starting and stopping combined state is planted, if the 1 and 2 machine sets are put into an intelligent starting and stopping function, 4 combined states including starting of the 1 machine set and starting of the 2 machine set, stopping of the 1 machine set and starting of the 2 machine set, starting of the 1 machine set and stopping of the 2 machine set, stopping of the 1 machine set and stopping of the 2 machine set are provided;
52)2nin the combined start-up and shut-down state, for a unit supposed to be in a start-up state, depending on the range of each operation area and the difference of each unit in the operation area, after the adjustment ranges of all the units are combined, an active power adjustable range formed by one continuous section or multiple continuous sections is formed, if the limited operation area of the No. 1 unit is 140-230 MW, the recommended operation area is 460-650 MW, the limited operation area of the No. 2 unit is 140-280 MW, and the recommended operation area is 430-650 MW, the active power adjustable range corresponding to each start-up and shut-down combined state of S1451 is shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0002655700160000071
53) from 2nThe method comprises the step of screening out a planned active set value at a first time point from a startup and shutdown combined state to be included in a startup and shutdown with an active power adjustable rangeCombined state of m1If the time interval is 1: 00-1: 59 and the planned active setting value of 1:00 is 500MW, 3 starting and stopping combined states are screened out, namely, the machine No. 1 is started and the machine No. 2 is started, the machine No. 1 is stopped and the machine No. 2 is started, and the machine No. 1 is started and the machine No. 2 is stopped;
54) to m1When the combined state of startup and shutdown is adopted, the upper limit and the lower limit of a certain continuous interval of an active power adjustable range containing a first time point are subtracted from a planned active set value of a power station at the first time point, and the minimum absolute value of the absolute values of the two results is the adjustable secondary frequency modulation capacity of the combined state of startup and shutdown, the adjustable secondary frequency modulation capacity of the machine 1 when the machine 1 is started up and the machine 2 is started up is 10MW (510MW minus 500MW), the adjustable secondary frequency modulation capacity of the machine 1 when the machine 1 is stopped and the machine 2 is started up is 70MW (500MW minus 430MW), and the adjustable secondary frequency modulation capacity of the machine 1 when the machine 1 is started up and the machine 2 is stopped is 40MW (500MW minus 460 MW);
55) the maximum reportable frequency modulation capacity is obtained by multiplying the secondary frequency modulation demand capacity published by the dispatching by the maximum ratio of allowed reporting, and the maximum reportable frequency modulation capacity is 100MW by multiplying 200MW by 50% under the assumption that the secondary frequency modulation demand capacity published by the dispatching is 200 MW;
56) m from S22541Comparing the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity in the combined starting and stopping state with the maximum reportable capacity of S2255;
57) if m is1Selecting the start-up and shut-down combined state with the maximum secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity from the start-up and shut-down combined states with the maximum secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity, or randomly selecting one from the start-up and shut-down combined states with the maximum secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity as the default start-up and shut-down state of each unit in the time interval, wherein the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the unit 1 when the unit 1 is started up and the unit 2 when the unit 1 is stopped up and the unit 2 is started up is 10MW, the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the unit 1 when the unit 1 is started up and the unit 2 is stopped up is 70MW, the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the unit 1 when the unit 1 is started up and the unit 2 is stopped up is 40MW and is smaller than the maximum reportable frequency modulation capacity, and then screening out the start-up and shut-down combined state with the maximum secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the unit 1 when the unit 2 is stopped up and the unit 2 is started upAs a default initial power on/off state of 1: 00;
58) if not all m1When the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the combined starting and stopping state is smaller than the maximum reportable capacity, the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity is m1Screening m with secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity more than or equal to maximum reportable capacity in startup and shutdown combined state2In a startup and shutdown combined state;
59) from m2And selecting the start-up and shut-down combination state with the least start-up number from the various start-up and shut-down combination states, or randomly selecting one from the start-up and shut-down combination states with the least start-up number as the default start-up and shut-down state of each unit in the time interval.
The establishment of the simulation model comprises the following steps:
s3) constructing a vector Pset’：
S3100) determining the prejudgment time t of the intelligent start-stop function1It is recommended to set it at about 60 minutes if t1If the setting is too long, not only the operation period is increased, but also the logic complexity is increased unnecessarily, if t is1If the setting is too short, the pre-judgment function of the intelligent starting and stopping operation function can be weakened, t1Parameters are adjustable for intelligent startup and shutdown functions;
s3200) according to the predicted time t of the intelligent start-stop function1And determining the number n of data points participating in the operation of intelligent start-up and shut-down, wherein n is t1/t；
S3300) according to a future time t of the hydropower station1Constructing vectors by the inner n planned total active setting values and the current total active setting value of the power station
Figure BDA0002655700160000081
In the formula
Figure BDA0002655700160000082
The total active set point is planned for the currently active hydropower station, i.e. the current total active set point of the power station,
Figure BDA0002655700160000083
planning a total active set value for the nearest hydropower station at the future moment, and so on;
s3400) according to a future period of time t of the hydropower station1Inner secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity, and vector construction
Figure BDA0002655700160000084
Figure BDA0002655700160000085
In the formula
Figure BDA0002655700160000086
Is composed of
Figure BDA0002655700160000087
Reserving capacity of secondary frequency modulation at corresponding time;
s3500) constructing an n +1 row and 2 column matrix according to the results of S3300 and S3400
Figure BDA0002655700160000088
Figure BDA0002655700160000089
Wherein
Figure BDA00026557001600000810
Are respectively as
Figure BDA00026557001600000811
Corresponding to the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the active power regulation range at the moment,
Figure BDA00026557001600000812
Figure BDA00026557001600000813
alpha in the formula is a preset constant, usually not more than 1MW, and alpha is set to ensure that the active power regulation range of the hydropower station can be kept in an interval range no matter whether secondary frequency modulation is successful or not (namely whether secondary frequency modulation is successful or not), so that the uniformity of subsequent operation steps is realized.
S4) combined transportationLine area
Figure BDA00026557001600000814
Determination of (1):
the start-up and shut-down strategy and the operation of the unit are set as follows:
s4100) calculating corresponding combined operation areas when different numbers of units are in the limited operation area in the current mode, wherein the corresponding combined operation areas comprise:
s4110) listing the combination modes of all current generating state units in different operation areas, wherein the number of the combination modes is the product of the running areas of all the generating state units;
s4120) calculating a combined operation section corresponding to each combination mode listed in S4110, where the combined operation section is calculated in such a manner that a lower limit of the combined operation section is a sum of lower limits of operation areas in which each power generation state unit is located in the combination mode, and an upper limit of the combined operation section is a sum of upper limits of operation areas in which each power generation state unit is located in the combination mode;
s4130) calculating the number of the units in the limited operation area in each combination mode, which corresponds to each combination mode listed in S4110;
s4140) merging the combination modes with the same number of the unit groups in the limited operation area obtained in the S4130, and solving a union set of the combined operation areas obtained in the S4120 involved in the merging to obtain the corresponding combined operation areas when different number of the unit groups are in the limited operation area
Figure BDA0002655700160000091
Where i is the number of units in the restricted operating zone,
Figure BDA0002655700160000092
and the joint operation area of the i machine sets in the limited operation area in the current mode is shown.
S4200) calculating corresponding combined operation areas when different numbers of units are in the limited operation area under different start-up and shut-down strategies, wherein the corresponding combined operation areas comprise:
s4210) respectively assuming that each unit which is subjected to intelligent start-stop operation changes the start-stop state, wherein the states of other units except the unit which changes the start-stop state are consistent with the current actual operation state;
s4220) if the unit which changes the start-stop state is the generating state unit in S4210, listing the combination modes of all the generating state units except the unit in different operation areas, wherein the number of the combination modes is the product of the number of the unit operation areas;
s4230) if the 4210 assumes that the unit which changes the start-stop state is a non-power generation state unit, listing the combination modes of all the units in different operation areas after all the current power generation state units are added with the unit, wherein the number of the combination modes is the product of the number of the unit operation areas;
s4240) calculating a combined operation interval corresponding to each combination mode listed in S4220 or S4230 respectively, wherein the lower limit of the combined operation interval is the sum of the lower limits of the operation areas of the units in the combination mode, and the upper limit of the combined operation interval is the sum of the upper limits of the operation areas of the units in the combination mode;
s4250) calculating the number of the units in the operation limiting area under each combination mode, wherein the number of the units respectively corresponds to each combination mode listed in S4220 or S4230;
s4260) merging the combination modes with the same number of the units in the limited operation area obtained in the S4250, and solving a union set of all the combined operation areas obtained in the S4240 participating in the merging to obtain the corresponding combined operation areas when different numbers of the units are in the limited operation area
Figure BDA0002655700160000093
(j is a positive integer), where j is the unit number assumed by S4210 to change the on-off state, i is the number of units in the restricted operation zone,
Figure BDA0002655700160000101
and the joint operation area when the i machine sets are in the limited operation area after the startup and shutdown state of the j machine set is changed is shown.
S4300) pairs of S4140 and S4260 obtain respective pairsCombined running area
Figure BDA0002655700160000102
And (j is expanded to be a natural number) carrying out range expansion on each interval (without excluding the possibility that one combined operation area comprises more than one continuous interval), adding alpha to the upper limit of each interval, and subtracting alpha from the lower limit of each interval so as to adapt to the correction of the active power regulation range in the step S3500 under the condition that the secondary frequency modulation is not successful in winning.
S5) matrix model SjEstablishing:
s5100) establishing a 2-row n + 1-column matrix S according to the current mode and different start-up and shut-down strategiesjWhen j is 0, SjIs the matrix model in the current mode, otherwise, SjThe method comprises the following steps that matrix models under different start-up and shut-down strategies are adopted, wherein j is a unit serial number for changing the start-up and shut-down state assumed by S4210;
s5200) matrix SjEach element in the 1 st line is a matching degree parameter of the active power regulation range of the hydropower station and the number of the generating state units in the mode at different times, so that
Figure BDA0002655700160000103
For example, the calculation steps are as follows:
s5210) establishing the variable x1、x2、x3；
S5220) obtaining the active power regulation range
Figure BDA0002655700160000104
Regions not included in the respective joint operation regions after the expansion of S4300
Figure BDA0002655700160000105
And calculates the coverage x of the area1；
S5230) calculating x2，
Figure BDA0002655700160000106
S5240) calculating x3If 0 is less than or equal to x2<1, then x30; otherwise, respectively calculate
Figure BDA0002655700160000107
And
Figure BDA0002655700160000108
the absolute value of the difference of the boundary values of the intervals contained in the joint areas is taken out, and the minimum absolute value of the difference is assigned to x3；
S5250)
Figure BDA0002655700160000109
Figure BDA00026557001600001010
The larger the size, the worse the matching;
s5300) matrix SjThe elements of the 2 nd line(s) are that in order to meet the active power regulation range of the hydropower station at different times, the mode must be at least in the weighted number of the unit in the limited operation area so as to
Figure BDA00026557001600001011
For example, the calculation steps are as follows:
s5310) if
Figure BDA00026557001600001012
Then
Figure BDA00026557001600001013
Otherwise, continuing to calculate;
s5320) establishing the variable y0、y1、y2……yr… …, r indicates that r sets are in the limited operation area;
s5330) obtaining the active power regulation range
Figure BDA00026557001600001014
The intersection of the combined operation area with the combined operation area when the S4300 expanded machine set is in the limited operation area
Figure BDA00026557001600001015
And calculating the coverage y of the intersection0；
S5340) if there is active power regulation range
Figure BDA00026557001600001016
Deducting the set which is not the empty set after the combined operation area when the set of 0 machine set is in the limited operation area after the expansion of S4300, and continuing to obtain the intersection of the set which is not the empty set and the combined operation area when the set of 1 machine set is in the limited operation area after the expansion of S4300
Figure BDA00026557001600001017
And calculating the coverage y of the intersection1；
S5350) continuing the above process until the active power adjusting range
Figure BDA0002655700160000111
After deducting, obtaining the coverage range y of each intersection when different number of units are in the limited operation arear；
S5360)
Figure BDA0002655700160000112
Matrix model SjThe operation of (1) is as follows:
s6100) to the matrix model SjThe element value of the 1 st row of (1) is judged, the element with the minimum column index is found out from all the elements which are not equal to 0, and the column index of the element is assigned to betajIf S isjAll elements of line 1 of (1) are 0, then βjN + 2; when j is 0, the parameter βjThe method has the advantages that the current unit operation mode needs to be changed through starting or stopping so as to meet the urgent degree of an active plan curve and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity; otherwise, the parameter βjThe matching degree of the number of the generating state units, the active planning curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity under different startup and shutdown strategies is measured.
S6200) on calculated beta of S6100jSorting to obtain the maximum value betamax；
S6300) obtaining beta according to S61000The difference of (a) is that the current unit operation mode needs to be changed through starting or stopping to meet the difference of the urgent degrees of an active planning curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity, different intelligent starting and stopping operation flows are entered, and t is set2A threshold value time is judged for the urgent degree of starting and stopping the machine, and a parameter m is set, wherein m is t2/t，t2Adjustable parameters for intelligent start-up and shut-down functions, t2Must be much less than t1Recommended setting is around 10 minutes;
s6400) referring to FIG. 3, when 1. ltoreq. beta.0When m is less than or equal to m, the intelligent starting and stopping operation steps are as follows:
s6410) if beta0＝βmaxAnd remove beta0Other than betaj≠βmaxIf yes, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
s6420) if beta0≠βmaxAnd has a unique betaj＝βmaxIf the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, the operation result is AND betamaxEqual betajThe upper reference number of (1);
s6430) if beta0≠βmaxAnd has a plurality of betaj＝βmaxThen, the following operations are performed:
s6431) pairs of all and betamaxEqual betajCorresponding matrix model SjColumn subscript of less than betamaxThe numerical values of the elements of row 2 are accumulated to obtain
Figure BDA0002655700160000113
S6432) on the u calculated in S6431jSorting to obtain the minimum value umin；
S6433) the intelligent start-stop operation is finished, and the operation results are that all the beta are satisfied at the same timej＝βmaxAnd uj＝uminMatrix model S ofjThe upper label of (a);
s6440) if beta0＝βmaxAnd has a plurality of betaj＝βmaxThen, the following operations are performed:
s6441) pairs of all and betamaxEqual betajCorresponding matrix model SjColumn subscript of equal to βmaxLine 1 element of
Figure BDA0002655700160000114
Sorting to obtain the minimum value
Figure BDA0002655700160000115
S6442) if
Figure BDA0002655700160000116
The intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
s6443) if
Figure BDA0002655700160000121
The intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is that all the beta are satisfied simultaneouslyj＝βmaxAnd
Figure BDA0002655700160000122
matrix model S ofjThe upper reference numerals of (a).
S6500) see FIG. 2, when m < beta0In time, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation steps are as follows:
s6510) if beta0＝βmaxAnd remove beta0Other than betaj≠βmaxIf yes, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
s6520) if there is beta-eliminating0Other than betaj＝βmaxThen, the following operations are performed:
s6521) for all and betamaxEqual betajCorresponding matrix model SjAnd matrix model S in the current mode0Column subscript of less than beta0The numerical values of the elements of row 2 are accumulated to obtain
Figure BDA0002655700160000123
S6522) to S6521 calculated divide v0V other than vjSorting to obtain the minimum value vmin；
S6523) if v0－vminIf the operation result is less than 0, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
s6524) if 0 is less than or equal to v0－vmin< delta, and betamax－β0If the number is less than or equal to 3 Xm, the intelligent start-stop operation is finished, the operation result is 0, wherein delta is t3/t，t3Adjustable parameters for intelligent start-up and shut-down functions, and the damage degree of the unit caused by the operation in the limited operation area, t3Must be between t1And t2Between, recommended set to be around 30 minutes;
s6525) if v0－vminNot less than 0, and 3 xm < betamax－β0If the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, the operation result is that all the operations satisfy beta simultaneouslyj＝βmaxAnd vj＝vminMatrix model S ofjThe upper reference number of (1);
s6526) if v0－vminIf the difference is larger than or equal to delta, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is ended, and the operation result is that all the beta are satisfied at the same timej＝βmaxAnd vj＝vminMatrix model S ofjThe upper reference numerals of (a).
The following provides an embodiment of the start-stop simulation model of the invention participating in auxiliary decision-making of bidding optimal declared capacity of the frequency modulation market, which comprises the steps of simulating or simulating and checking the start-stop state of each available unit under each assumed frequency modulation capacity in each sub-period and under the optimal proposed frequency modulation capacity in the whole bidding period.
In the embodiment, the length of each bidding time-sharing segment of the hydropower station participating in the frequency modulation market is assumed to be 1 hour, namely, 24 time-sharing segments of 0: 00-0: 59 and 1: 00-1: 59 … 23: 00-23: 59 of the next day are required to be declared in the bidding process, and the length of each time-sharing segment is 1 hour; the maximum declaration capacity of the power station participation bidding is 50% of the scheduling and publishing requirement, and the minimum declaration capacity is 15% of the scheduling and publishing requirement; the minimum variation amplitude of the declared capacity of the power station participating in bidding is 10 MW.
And the simulation module simulates the starting and stopping states of all the available units under each assumed frequency modulation capacity in each time interval according to the calling instruction, or simulates the starting and stopping states of all the available units under the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity in the whole bidding time interval.
S7) the simulation module simulates the start-stop state of each available unit under different assumed frequency modulation capacity in each time period, and the simulation module comprises:
s7310) inputting the simulation parameters of the time segment and a time segment subsequent to the time segment into the simulation module, and if the time segment is the last time segment within the bidding time segment, referring to S2230;
s7320) inputting the maximum reportable capacity of the time period into a simulation module as an assumed frequency modulation capacity, and starting simulation; s7330) the simulation module calculates the initial default starting and stopping states of each unit in the time period according to the step S7250;
s7340) the simulation module calculates the intelligent start-up and shut-down command in the time interval and obtains the T of the intelligent start-up and shut-down command every time according to S72601After the time interval, the starting and stopping states of the corresponding units are changed;
s7350) the simulation module outputs the assumed frequency modulation capacity and the simulation start-stop state of each unit in the corresponding time interval;
s7360) subtracting the minimum variation width δ of the secondary fm declared capacity from the assumed fm capacity to obtain a new assumed fm capacity:
s7361) if the new assumed frequency modulation capacity is smaller than the minimum reportable capacity, completing the simulation of the starting and stopping states of each available unit in the time interval;
s7362) if the new hypothetical tuning capacity is equal to or greater than the minimum reportable capacity, then the simulation is restarted with the new hypothetical tuning capacity as an input quantity, and the steps after S7330 are executed.
According to S7360, when the maximum reportable capacity of the time interval is 50MW and the minimum reportable frequency modulation capacity is 15MW, the simulation module respectively simulates the conditions of the assumed frequency modulation capacities of 50MW, 40MW, 30MW and 20MW, and returns 4 sets of simulated start-stop states of each unit in the time interval corresponding to different assumed frequency modulation capacities.
By analyzing the simulation result under each assumed frequency modulation capacity in each time interval, the infeasible assumed frequency modulation capacity in each time interval is eliminated, and the feasible assumed frequency modulation capacity in each time interval is screened out
S8), the simulation module simulates the start-stop state of each available unit under the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity in the whole bidding period:
s8100) inputting simulation parameters in the whole bidding period into a simulation module;
s8200) inputting the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity of all the sub-periods into a simulation module by a master;
s8300) the simulation model calculates the initial default starting and stopping states of each unit in the bidding period according to the step S50;
s8400) the simulation model calculates the intelligent start-up and shut-down command in the whole bidding period, and obtains the T of the intelligent start-up and shut-down command every time according to S601After the time interval, the starting and stopping states of the corresponding units are changed;
s5400) the simulation model outputs the simulation start-stop state of each unit in the whole bidding period.
And analyzing the simulation result of the optimal to-be-declared frequency modulation capacity in the whole bidding period by the bidding personnel, and determining whether the optimal to-be-declared frequency modulation capacity is feasible and corrected.
Assuming that there are 2 time intervals in which the optimal quasi-declared FM capacity needs to be corrected, which are 2: 00-2: 59 (the optimal quasi-declared FM capacity is 200MW in a time interval) and 3: 00-3: 59 (the optimal quasi-declared FM capacity is 150MW in a time interval), the following corrected optimal quasi-declared FM capacity is obtained.
Figure BDA0002655700160000141
By utilizing the simulation model, on one hand, the unit can be automatically started and stopped in the actual power generation operation work, so that the burden of operators is reduced; on the other hand, according to the fact that different assumed frequency modulation capacities are used as secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacities, the model is used for carrying out simulation intelligent startup and shutdown operation, the simulation time sequence state of the startup and shutdown of the unit is generated, and on the basis of the simulation time sequence state, the problems that whether the various assumed frequency modulation capacities can be met, whether the unit is frequently started up and shut down, whether the unit is in a limited operation area for a long time and the like are analyzed, and then bidding decision-making personnel are assisted to select feasible and optimal secondary frequency modulation capacities for declaration.
The embodiments given above are preferable examples for implementing the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. Any non-essential addition and replacement made by the technical characteristics of the technical scheme of the invention by a person skilled in the art belong to the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market is characterized in that simulation parameters received by the simulation model comprise: at each time point, inputting a unit with the function of intelligent start-stop, the priority of start-stop of the unit, the range of each operation area of each unit and a planned active set value;
on the basis of the running states of all the units which are put into intelligent start-up and shut-down at present, the running working condition after the start-up and shut-down state of one unit is changed is taken as a start-up and shut-down strategy;
generating a planned active set value according to an active plan curve at fixed intervals, and constructing a vector P representing a planned total active set value of the hydropower station in a future period of timeset' advancing the simulation time by a minimum time interval of change of the active schedule value each time the simulation module completes a simulation calculation cycle;
constructing a vector P corresponding to the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity at a certain future momentfIn the appointed time interval, the frequency modulation capacity of the last time segment of the simulation time interval is taken as the frequency modulation capacity after the simulation time interval; if the simulation time interval is the whole bidding period or the last sub-period, the simulation parameter of the last time point of the simulation time interval is taken as the simulation parameter after the simulation time intervalThe simulation parameters of (2);
constructing a matrix P representing the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the active power regulation range at a certain time in the futureset(ii) a Considering that different number of units are in the limited operation area, the corresponding combined operation areas F are respectivelyi 0、Fi j(ii) a Wherein Fi 0Indicating that i units are in the combined operation area corresponding to the limited operation area in the current mode, Fi jThe start-stop strategy for indicating that the j unit changes the start-stop state is executed, and after the execution, i units are in a combined operation area corresponding to the limited operation area;
on the basis, a 2-row and n + 1-column start-up and shutdown matrix model S is constructedjAnd simulating or verifying the starting and stopping states of the available units under the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity in each sub-period and the whole bidding period:
matrix SjEach element in the 1 st line is a matching degree parameter of the active power adjusting range of the hydropower station and the number of the generating state units in the mode at different times, and the larger the value of the parameter is, the poorer the matching property is; j is a unit for changing the start-stop state, and when j is 0, SjIs a matrix model in the current mode;
matrix SjThe elements of row 2 of (1) are the weighted number of the minimum unit in the limited operation area in order to satisfy the hydropower station active power regulation range at different times.
2. The simulation model for startup and shutdown of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities on a frequency modulation market as claimed in claim 1, wherein the matrix model SjThe element operation of (a) is:
to matrix model SjThe element value of row 1 of (1) is judged, the element with the minimum column index is found out from all the elements which are not equal to 0, and the column index of the element is assigned to betajIf S isjAll elements of line 1 of (1) are 0, then βj＝n+2；
When j is 0, the parameter β0The current unit operation mode needs to be changed by starting or stopping the machine,the urgent degree of an active planning curve and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity is met; otherwise, the parameter βjMatching degree of the number of generating state units with an active planning curve and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity under different startup and shutdown strategies is measured; for the obtained betajSorting to obtain the maximum value betamax；
Setting t2A threshold value time is judged for the urgent degree of start-stop, and a parameter m is set, wherein m is t2/t，t2Much less than t1(ii) a According to beta0The comparison result with m meets the difference of the urgency degree of the active planning curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity, and the corresponding urgent or non-urgent operation flow is entered;
if the situation is urgent, judging whether the change of the start-up and shut-down state of the intelligent start-up and shut-down unit can better match a future active plan curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity; if the situation is not urgent, judging whether the starting and stopping states of the intelligent starting and stopping units are changed to obviously better match the future active plan curve and the secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity or not, or reducing the number of units for limiting the operation of an operation area;
the matching degree of different start-up and shut-down strategies with future active planning curves and secondary frequency modulation reserved capacity is comprehensively considered, the weighted number of the units which are at least in the limited operation area under the different start-up and shut-down strategies is combined, and the units needing to change the start-up and shut-down states are locked by combining the start-up and shut-down priorities of the intelligent start-up and shut-down units.
3. Simulation model for the start-up and shut-down of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities on a frequency modulation market according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the vectors
Figure FDA0003653946260000021
In the formula
Figure FDA0003653946260000022
Is the current total active set point of the power station,
Figure FDA0003653946260000023
planning a total active set value for the nearest hydropower station at a future moment;
(Vector)
Figure FDA0003653946260000024
in the formula
Figure FDA0003653946260000025
Is composed of
Figure FDA0003653946260000026
Reserving capacity of secondary frequency modulation at corresponding time;
matrix array
Figure FDA0003653946260000027
Wherein
Figure FDA0003653946260000028
Are respectively as
Figure FDA0003653946260000029
Corresponding to the lower limit value and the upper limit value of the active power regulation range at the moment,
Figure FDA00036539462600000210
Figure FDA00036539462600000211
alpha is a preset constant.
4. Simulation model for the start-up and shut-down of hydroelectric generating sets of different frequency modulation capacity on a frequency modulation market according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that said combined operating area F is a combined operating areai 0、Fi jThe determination is as follows:
s100) calculating the corresponding combined operation areas when different numbers of units are in the limited operation area under the current mode: s110) listing the combination modes of all current generating state machine sets in different operation areas, wherein the number of the combination modes is that all the generating state machine sets operateThe multiplication product of the number of zones; s120) calculating a combined operation interval corresponding to each combination mode: the lower limit of the combined operation interval is the sum of the lower limits of the operation areas where the generating state units are located in the combined mode, and the upper limit of the combined operation interval is the sum of the upper limits of the operation areas where the generating state units are located in the combined mode; s130) calculating the number of the units in the limited operation area under each combination mode; s140) merging the combination modes with the same number of the units in the limited operation area obtained in the S130, and solving a union set of all the combination operation areas obtained in the S120 involved in merging to obtain corresponding combined operation areas when different numbers of the units are in the limited operation area
Figure FDA00036539462600000212
F1 0、
Figure FDA00036539462600000213
……Fi 0… …, where i is the number of units in the restricted operating zone, Fi 0Representing that i units of the machine set are in a combined operation area when the operation area is limited in the current mode;
s200) calculating the combined operation areas respectively corresponding to different sets in the limited operation area under different start-up and shut-down strategies:
s210) respectively assuming that each unit which is subjected to intelligent start-up and shut-down operation changes the start-up and shut-down state, wherein the states of other units except the unit which changes the start-up and shut-down state are consistent with the current actual operation state;
s220) if the unit which changes the start-up and shut-down state is a generating state unit, listing the combination modes of all the generating state units in different operation areas except the unit, wherein the number of the combination modes is the product of the number of the unit operation areas;
s230) if the unit which changes the start-up and shut-down state is a non-power generation state unit, listing the combination modes of all the units in different operation areas after all the power generation state units are added to the unit, wherein the number of the combination modes is the product of the continuous multiplication of the number of the operation areas of the units;
s240) calculating a combination operation interval corresponding to each combination mode listed in S220 or S230: the lower limit of the combined operation interval is the sum of the lower limits of the operation areas of the units in the combined mode, and the upper limit of the combined operation interval is the sum of the upper limits of the operation areas of the units in the combined mode;
s250) calculating the number of the units in the limited operation area under each combination mode, which corresponds to each combination mode listed in S220 or S230;
s260) merging the combination modes with the same number of the units in the limited operation area obtained in the S250, and solving a union set of all the combination operation areas obtained in the S240 involved in merging to obtain corresponding combined operation areas when different numbers of the units are in the limited operation area
Figure FDA0003653946260000031
F1 j、
Figure FDA0003653946260000032
……Fi j… …, j is a positive integer, where j is the assumed unit serial number for changing the on-off state, i is the number of units in the restricted operation zone, Fi jThe combined operation area when the i machine set is in the limited operation area after the startup and shutdown state of the j machine set is changed is shown;
s300) for each combined operation area obtained in S140 and S260
Figure FDA0003653946260000033
F1 j、
Figure FDA0003653946260000034
……Fi j… …, the range is expanded, the upper limit of each interval is added with alpha, the lower limit of each interval is subtracted with alpha, alpha is a preset constant.
5. The startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market according to claim 1, wherein the setting or judgment of the simulation parameters is as follows:
the simulation module defaults that all the states are set as available units and the units are put into intelligent startup and shutdown;
the simulation module defaults that all the intelligent start-up and shut-down instructions are executed, and the start-up and shut-down state of the corresponding unit is in T executed by the intelligent start-up and shut-down instructions1After a time interval, T1The time parameter is set for the average time required by the reference unit to actually start and stop;
the simulation module defaults that the starting-up and shutdown priorities of all the units are arranged from small to large according to the unit serial numbers;
when the simulation module simulates the start-up and shut-down state in a specified time interval, the default initial start-up and shut-down state of each unit in the time interval is judged according to the simulation parameters and the frequency modulation capacity of the first time point of the time interval in the following modes:
s2251) assuming that n machine set states are available, namely n machine sets are put into the intelligent starting and stopping function, each machine set has 2 states of starting and stopping, and the total number is 2nPlanting a startup and shutdown combined state;
S2252)2nin the combined starting and stopping state, for the set which is supposed to be in the starting state, the adjusting ranges of all the sets are combined to form an active power adjustable range consisting of one section of continuous interval or a plurality of sections of continuous intervals;
s2253) from 2nIn the start-up and shut-down combined state, the planned active set value at the first time point is screened out to be included in the start-up and shut-down combined state of the active power adjustable range, and m total1Seed growing;
s2254) to m1The method comprises the following steps of (1) generating a startup and shutdown combined state, subtracting an upper limit and a lower limit of a certain continuous interval of an active power adjustable range containing a set value from a power station planning active set value at a first time point, and taking the minimum of absolute values of two results as a secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the startup and shutdown combined state;
s2255) multiplying the secondary frequency modulation demand capacity published by the scheduling by the maximum ratio allowed to be declared to obtain the maximum reportable frequency modulation capacity;
s2256) comparing m obtained in S2254)1Comparing the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity in the combined starting and stopping state with the maximum reportable capacity of S2255);
s2257) if m1If the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the starting and stopping combined state is smaller than the maximum reportable capacity, selecting the starting and stopping combined state with the maximum secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity from the starting and stopping combined state, or randomly selecting one from the starting and stopping combined state with the maximum secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity as the default starting and stopping state of each unit in the time interval;
s2258) if not all m1When the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity of the combined starting and stopping state is smaller than the maximum reportable capacity, the secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity is m1Screening m with secondary frequency modulation adjustable capacity more than or equal to maximum reportable capacity in startup and shutdown combined state2In a startup and shutdown combined state;
s2259) from m2And selecting the start-up and shut-down combination state with the least start-up number from the various start-up and shut-down combination states, or randomly selecting one from the start-up and shut-down combination states with the least start-up number as the default start-up and shut-down state of each unit in the time interval.
6. Simulation model for the start-up and shut-down of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities on a frequency modulation market according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the matrix SjIs determined as:
s5200) matrix SjLine 1 element of
Figure FDA0003653946260000041
The calculation is as follows:
s5210) establishing the variable x1、x2、x3；
S5220) obtaining the active power regulation range
Figure FDA0003653946260000042
Regions not included in the expanded joint operation regions
Figure FDA0003653946260000043
And calculates the coverage x of the area1；
S5230) calculating x2，
Figure FDA0003653946260000051
S5240) calculating x3If 0 is less than or equal to x2<1, then x30; otherwise, respectively calculate
Figure FDA0003653946260000052
And
Figure FDA00036539462600000514
F1 j、
Figure FDA00036539462600000515
… … the absolute value of the difference between the boundary values of the regions contained in the joint regions is taken as the minimum absolute value of the difference and assigned to x3；
S5250)
Figure FDA0003653946260000053
The larger the size, the worse the matching;
s5300) matrix SjElement of row 2
Figure FDA0003653946260000054
Is calculated as:
s5310) if
Figure FDA0003653946260000055
Then
Figure FDA0003653946260000056
Otherwise, continuing to calculate the next element;
s5320) establishing the variable y0、y1、y2……yr… …, r tableShowing that r machine sets are in a limited operation area;
s5330) obtaining the active power regulation range
Figure FDA0003653946260000057
Intersection with the union operation area when 0 machine set is in the limited operation area after expansion
Figure FDA0003653946260000058
And calculating the coverage y of the intersection0；
S5340) if there is active power regulation range
Figure FDA0003653946260000059
If the set obtained by deducting the joint operation area when 0 machine set is in the limited operation area after the expansion is not an empty set, the intersection of the set which is not an empty set and the joint operation area when 1 machine set is in the limited operation area after the expansion is continuously obtained
Figure FDA00036539462600000510
And calculating the coverage y of the intersection1；
S5350) continuing the above process until the operation reaches the active power regulation range
Figure FDA00036539462600000511
After deducting, obtaining the coverage range y of each intersection when different number of units are in the limited operation arear；
S5360)
Figure FDA00036539462600000512
7. The simulation model for startup and shutdown of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market according to claim 2, wherein β is greater than or equal to 10When m is less than or equal to m, the operation of the matrix model is as follows:
s6410) if beta0＝βmaxAnd remove beta0Other than betaj≠βmaxIf yes, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
s6420) if beta0≠βmaxAnd has a unique betaj＝βmaxIf the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, the operation result is AND betamaxEqual betajThe upper reference number of (1);
s6430) if beta0≠βmaxAnd has a plurality of betaj＝βmaxThen, the following operations are performed:
for all and betamaxEqual betajCorresponding matrix model SjColumn subscript of less than betamaxThe numerical values of the elements of row 2 are accumulated to obtain
Figure FDA00036539462600000513
For the obtained ujSorting to obtain the minimum value umin；
The intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is that all the operations satisfy beta simultaneouslyj＝βmaxAnd uj＝uminMatrix model S ofjThe upper reference number of (1);
s6440) if beta0＝βmaxAnd has a plurality of betaj＝βmaxThen, the following operations are performed:
for all and betamaxEqual betajCorresponding matrix model SjColumn subscript of equal to βmaxLine 1 element of
Figure FDA0003653946260000061
Sorting to obtain the minimum value
Figure FDA0003653946260000062
If it is
Figure FDA0003653946260000063
The intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
if it is
Figure FDA0003653946260000064
The intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is that all the beta are satisfied simultaneouslyj＝βmaxAnd
Figure FDA0003653946260000065
matrix model S ofjThe upper reference number of (1);
when m < beta0The matrix model operates as follows:
s6510) if beta0＝βmaxAnd remove beta0Other than betaj≠βmaxIf yes, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
s6520) if there is a beta-eliminating0Other than betaj＝βmaxThen, the following operations are performed:
s6521) for all and betamaxEqual betajCorresponding matrix model SjAnd matrix model S in the current mode0Column subscript of less than beta0The numerical values of the elements of row 2 are accumulated to obtain
Figure FDA0003653946260000066
S6522) on the divided v calculated in S65210V other than vjSorting to obtain the minimum value vmin；
If v is0－vminIf the operation result is less than 0, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is finished, and the operation result is 0;
if 0 is less than or equal to v0－vmin< delta, and betamax－β0If the number is less than or equal to 3 Xm, the intelligent start-stop operation is finished, the operation result is 0, wherein delta is t3/t，t3Between t1And t2T is3The setting of the system follows the principle of inverse correlation with the damage degree of the unit in the limited operation area;
if v is0－vminNot less than 0 and 3 xm < betamax－β0Then intelligent operation node for starting and stopping machineBundle, operation result is all satisfying beta at the same timej＝βmaxAnd vj＝vminMatrix model S ofjThe upper reference number of (1);
if v is0－vminIf the difference is larger than or equal to delta, the intelligent startup and shutdown operation is ended, and the operation result is that all the beta are satisfied at the same timej＝βmaxAnd vj＝vminMatrix model S ofjThe upper reference numerals of (a).
8. The startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market according to claim 1, wherein the simulation process of the simulation model for each assumed frequency modulation capacity in each time interval is as follows:
s7310) inputting simulation parameters of a time interval and a time interval after the time interval into a simulation module, and if the time interval is the last time interval in the bidding time interval, taking the simulation parameter of the last time point of the time interval as the simulation parameter of the time interval after the time interval;
s7320) inputting the maximum reportable capacity of the time period into a simulation module as an assumed frequency modulation capacity, and starting simulation;
s7330) the simulation model calculates the default starting and stopping states of each unit at the beginning of the time interval;
s7340) the simulation model calculates the intelligent start-up and shut-down command in the time interval and obtains the T of the intelligent start-up and shut-down command each time1After a time interval, the start-stop state of the respective unit is changed, T1The time parameter is set for the average time required by the reference unit to actually start and stop;
s7350) obtaining the assumed frequency modulation capacity and the simulation start-stop state of each unit in the corresponding time interval by a simulation model, subtracting the minimum variation amplitude delta of the secondary frequency modulation declared capacity from the assumed frequency modulation capacity to obtain a new assumed frequency modulation capacity, and then performing the following judgment:
if the new assumed frequency modulation capacity is smaller than the minimum reportable capacity, the simulation of the starting and stopping states of all the available units in the time interval is finished;
if the new hypothetical FM capacity is greater than or equal to the minimum reportable capacity, the new hypothetical FM capacity is taken as an input and the simulation is restarted.
9. The startup and shutdown simulation model of hydroelectric generating sets with different frequency modulation capacities in a frequency modulation market according to claim 1, wherein the simulation process of the simulation model for the optimal simulation reporting of the frequency modulation capacity in the whole bidding period is as follows:
s8100) inputting simulation parameters in the whole bidding period into a simulation module;
s8200) inputting the optimal quasi-declared frequency modulation capacity of all the time intervals into a simulation module;
s8300) the simulation model calculates the initial default starting and stopping state of each unit in the bidding period;
s8400) the simulation module calculates the intelligent start-up and shut-down instruction in the whole bidding period and obtains the T of the intelligent start-up and shut-down instruction each time1After the time interval, the starting and stopping states of the corresponding units are changed;
s8500) the simulation model obtains the simulation start-stop state of each unit in the whole bidding period.
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