CN106198762B - Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block and its test method - Google Patents
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106198762B CN106198762B CN201610502619.1A CN201610502619A CN106198762B CN 106198762 B CN106198762 B CN 106198762B CN 201610502619 A CN201610502619 A CN 201610502619A CN 106198762 B CN106198762 B CN 106198762B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block and its test methods, sample block includes the ring body being connected and camber fan body, ring body has front, upper cambered surface, left side, right side, the back side and lower camber side, arc fan body includes the first arc fan body and the second arc fan body being stacked in the same direction with one heart, several step cross-drilled holes for running through front and back are equipped on ring body, the different flat blind hole of the shortest distance that several openings are located at cambered surface on lower camber side and bottom hole pitch and 1 detection ratio adjustment hole through front and back, several groups angle groove is all had with upper cambered surface adjacent on front, there is the perpendicular groove by the camber fan body center of circle on the first arc fan body.Test method can incidence point, Front distance, detection ratio, refraction angle and DAC curve etc. to transverse wave double-bevel detector test.Sample block function of the invention is more, detection efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of non destructive testing, especially in relation to wheel product ultrasound examination test block and test method.
Background technique
Low floor vehicle has had more than 30 national more than 140 a cities using low since 1984 come out in the world at present
Floor vehicle traffic system.Since 2011, in the city of having opened city rail traffic at home, Changchun and Shenyang Metro use low
Floor modern tram.As low-floor modern tram running part critical component, the quality of elastic wheel is straight
The operational safety of relationship train is connect, elastic wheel inlays rubber damping original part between metal, and metal is made to be detached from directly contact.Can have
Effect reduces the vibration generated in urban rail transit vehicles traveling and noise, reduces the impact between wheel track, reduces the abrasion of wheel,
Improve the functions such as mileage travelled.
Operation of the elastic wheel of domestic production at present by last decade or so, has arrived the maintenance stage at present.But due to low
Floor tramcar uses the time not long at home, not ready-made elastic wheel ultrasound detection technique.And it is external such as A Er
Non- its detection means of external disclosure of the companies such as stone, Siemens, Pang Badi.So can only be referring to domestic big rail vehicles
The detection method of wheel, every time detection require using the reference blocks such as CSK- I A, CS-1-5, DB-H1, RB-2, LG-1~9 into
Row probe detection ratio, incidence point, Front distance, refraction angle, the measurement of resolving power and the production of DAC curve, test block carry
It is extremely inconvenient.Someone has invented ultrasonic-wave flaw-detecting probe performance detecting test block and its test method before, which can be to flat
Face type angle probe incidence point, Front distance, head angle are measured, and carry out detection ratio and angle probe DAC curve system
Make.But for the detection of low-floor tramcar wheel, which be there is the following problem:
A, it is only used for plane angle probe, and elastic wheel ultrasound detection is cambered surface with transverse wave double-bevel detector, which can not
It uses；
B, the surveyed transverse wave double-bevel detector Angle Method of the test block is to be calculated indirectly using formula, and calculating is cumbersome, not intuitively；
C, elastic wheel detection shear wave probe is high to the resolving power requirement of defect, and the test block not can be carried out transverse wave double-bevel detector
The test of resolving power；
D, elastic wheel ultrasound detection also needs other than using transverse wave double-bevel detector using longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe, and the examination
Block can not carry out the production of double-crystal normal probe detection ratio and DAC curve.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention, which is to provide, a kind of can be realized the high low land of multiple standards test block function, detection efficiency
Plate tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel quickly, accurate, detection efficiency is high
The test method of ultrasound detection sample block.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the technical scheme is that a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound is examined
Test sample block, including the ring body and camber fan body being connected, the ring body has front, upper cambered surface, left side, the right side
End face, the back side and lower camber side, arc fan body include the first arc fan body and the second arc fan body, the first arc fan body and the second arc
Shape fan body is stacked and placed in the same direction with one heart on the back side of ring body, and the first arc fan body has the first circular arc reflecting surface, the second arc
Fan body have the second circular arc reflecting surface, on ring body be equipped with several through front and back step cross-drilled hole, several
Opening be located at cambered surface on lower camber side and bottom hole pitch the different flat blind hole of the shortest distance and 1 through front and back
Detection ratio adjustment hole all has several groups angle groove with upper cambered surface adjacent on front, on the first arc fan body
With the perpendicular groove for passing through the camber fan body center of circle.
Front, left side, right side and the back side of the ring body are plane.
The upper cambered surface and lower camber side of the ring body be concentric cambered surface, central angle be 90 ° ± 1 °, ring body 1 it is upper
Arc length is 518mm ± 0.5mm, lower arc length is 424mm ± 0.5mm, is highly 90mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 60mm ± 0.5mm.
The radius of the first arc fan body is the half of the radius of the second arc fan body, the first arc fan body and the second arc
The thickness of shape fan body is identical.
The radius of the first arc fan body is 40mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 15mm ± 0.5mm, the second arc fan body
Radius is 80mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 15mm ± 0.5mm, the upper cambered surface of the first arc fan body and the second arc fan body with
The upper cambered surface of ring body is in same cambered surface, and the center of circle of the arc fan body is located at the upper cambered surface center of ring body, the
First circular arc reflecting surface of one arc fan body and the second circular arc reflecting surface of the second arc fan body are convex arc surface.
There are five step cross-drilled holes on the ring body, and the center line of each step cross-drilled hole is each perpendicular to ring body
The center line of front and back, each step cross-drilled hole is different away from the shortest distance of upper cambered surface.
The step cross-drilled hole includes the front that aperture is Ф 9mm ± 0.5mm, length is 20mm ± 0.5mm and aperture is Ф
3mm ± 0.5mm, the rear portion that length is 40mm ± 0.5mm, the center line of each step cross-drilled hole are equal difference away from the shortest distance of upper cambered surface
Ordered series of numbers, respectively 45mm ± 0.5mm, 35mm ± 0.5mm, 25mm ± 0.5mm, 15mm ± 0.5mm, 5mm ± 0.5mm, the right
The angle of vertical plane and right side where the center line of one step cross-drilled hole is 35 ° ± 1 °, other adjacent step cross-drilled holes, from
Angle between the line in the supreme cambered surface center of circle of its central point is 10 ° ± 1 °.
There are six flat blind holes on the ring body, and each flat diameter of blind hole is Ф 3mm ± 0.5mm, flat blind
The central axis in hole is in the lower camber side of sample block body.
The shortest distance of cambered surface is arithmetic progression, respectively 5mm ± 0.5mm, 15mm on the bottom hole identity distance of each flat blind hole
± 0.5mm, 25mm, 35mm ± 0.5mm, 45mm ± 0.5mm, 55mm ± 0.5mm, the flat blind hole center line in first, the right and its
Angle between the projection line on right side is 5 ° ± 1 °, and the angle between other adjacent flat blind hole center lines is 5 °
± 1 °, the center line of each flat blind hole is on the middle line for the thickness that the projection of upper cambered surface is located at ring body.
Detection ratio adjustment hole on the ring body is a stepped hole, the detection ratio adjustment hole step leading portion
Periphery to the upper cambered surface shortest distance be step back segment periphery to the upper cambered surface shortest distance half.
The detection ratio adjustment hole includes the front and hole that aperture is Ф 50mm ± 0.5mm, length is 30mm ± 0.5mm
The rear portion that diameter is Ф 10mm ± 0.5mm, length is 30mm ± 0.5mm, the central point of detection ratio adjustment hole and the upper cambered surface center of circle
Line and its angle on left side between projection line be 8 ° ± 1 °.
On the front of the ring body have five groups of angle grooves, the first groove group corresponding angles angle value range be 35 °~
45 °, the second groove group corresponding angles angle value range is 45 °~55 °, and third groove group corresponding angles angle value range is 55 °~65 °, the
Four groove group corresponding angles angle value ranges are 65 °~72 °, and the 5th graduation mark group corresponding angles angle value range is 72 °~80 °.
Sample block outer round surface curvature of the invention is identical as transverse wave double-bevel detector curvature, it is ensured that coupling is good, improves detection essence
Degree；And it can be carried out transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point, Front distance, detection ratio, refraction angle, the test of resolving power, DAC curve
Production；The production of detection ratio and DAC curve can also be carried out to longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe.Without be equipped with I A of CSK-, CS-1-5,
The reference blocks such as DB-H1, RB-2, TC-W, LG-1~9, the present invention realize the function of all above-mentioned standard test blocks, have saved inspection
Cost is surveyed, detection efficiency is improved, realizes cost efficiency.Wheel steel in kind (such as ER9) production can be used in the present invention, can eliminate
Because material it is different caused by detection error.
In order to reach above-mentioned second purpose, the technical scheme is that a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound is examined
The test method of test sample block, using any of the above-described low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, transverse wave double-bevel detector is incident
The test of point and Front distance: probe is placed on the upper cambered surface of ring body, mobile probe, by the arc of the second arc fan body
Face highest back wave is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, and the perpendicular groove of the first arc fan body is in probe longitudinal projection position
As Probe index；The length a of Probe index and probe distal end, as Front distance distance are measured with graduated scale.
The adjusting of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio: probe being placed on the upper cambered surface of ring body, mobile probe, by the
The cambered surface highest back wave of one arc fan body is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, be located at the n-th lattice of horizontal scale, n=1,
2,3,4,5, at the same mobile probe, the cambered surface back wave of the second arc fan body is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice, it is horizontal
The adjusting of wave angle probe detection ratio finishes.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle: it is 35 °~45 ° that probe, which is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface of ring body,
Place, mobile probe, find the right first step cross-drilled hole length be 20mm part, aperture be Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole highest back wave, this
When Probe index at correspond to the angle value of groove, the as refraction angle of the probe.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector resolving power: it is 35 °~45 ° that probe, which is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface of ring body,
Place, mobile probe, while find the right first step cross-drilled hole length be 20mm part, aperture be Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole back wave, with
And first, the right step cross-drilled hole length is the part 40mm, aperture is Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole back wave, the wave crest of two waves is adjusted to identical
Height h1 is the 20%~30% of oscillograph height all over the screen, and the height of trough is h2 between two waves at this time；Keep probe positions not
Become, h2 height is adjusted to by h1 height by conditioning instrumentation yield value Δ, yield value Δ adjusted is the resolving power of the probe.
The production of transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, use step cross-drilled hole length for the portion 40mm
The aperture divided is that Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole carries out DAC Drawing of Curve, and shear wave probe, which is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface of ring body, is
At 35 °~45 °, so that the highest reflection echo of five step cross-drilled holes is adjusted to fluorescent screen respectively expires 80% height of width, records simultaneously
The dB value and depth value in different holes, using dB value as ordinate, depth value is abscissa, and each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve,
And entire investigative range is extended to, institute's probing head DAC curve can be obtained.
The adjusting of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio: probe being placed on the upper cambered surface of ring body, mobile probe,
The aperture that will test proportioning hole is that the part Ф 50mm cross-drilled hole highest back wave is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, position
In the n-th lattice of horizontal scale, aperture is that the part Ф 10mm cross-drilled hole back wave is adjusted to by n=1,2,3,4,5, while mobile probe
At horizontal scale 2n lattice, the adjusting of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio is finished.
The production of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, it is bent that DAC is carried out using flat blind hole
Line is drawn, and longitudinal wave probe is placed on the upper cambered surface of ring body at the 3rd flat blind hole in the right, make respectively six it is flat blind
The highest reflection echo in hole, which is adjusted to fluorescent screen, expires 80% height of width, while recording the dB value and depth value in different holes, with dB value
For ordinate, depth value is abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extend to entire investigative range, can obtained
Institute's probing head DAC curve.
After adopting the above method, it is oblique can to test to simple, intuitive shear wave of the refraction angle within the scope of 35 °~80 ° by the present invention
Probe index, Front distance, refraction angle, the test of resolving power and detection ratio adjust, make shear wave probe DAC curve,
And longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio adjusts and DAC curve plotting, solves the problems, such as of the existing technology, has fast
Speed, feature accurate, detection efficiency is high.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention is described in further detail for the embodiment provided below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the bottom view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the rearview of Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the location map of the step cross-drilled hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is the location map of the flat blind hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the location map of the detection ratio adjustment hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 are respectively state signal of the present invention when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point and Front distance is tested
Figure；
Figure 10, Figure 11 are respectively status diagram of the present invention when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio and adjusting；
Figure 12, Figure 13 are respectively status diagram of the present invention when carrying out the test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle；
Figure 14, Figure 15 are respectively status diagram of the present invention when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector resolution test；
Figure 16, Figure 17 are respectively status diagram of the present invention when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve plotting；
Figure 18 is status diagram of the present invention when carrying out longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio and adjusting；
Figure 19 is status diagram of the present invention when carrying out longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve plotting.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figs 1-4, a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block of the invention, including what is be connected
Ring body 1 and camber fan body 2, the ring body 1 have front 1-1, upper cambered surface 1-2, left side 1-3, right side 1-4,
Back side 1-5 and lower camber side 1-6, arc fan body 2 include the first arc fan body 2-1 and the second arc fan body 2-2, the first arc fan body
2-1 and the second arc fan body 2-2 are stacked and placed in the same direction with one heart on the back side 1-5 of ring body 1, and the first arc fan body 2-1 has the
One circular arc reflecting surface 2-3, the second arc fan body 2-2 has the second circular arc reflecting surface 2-4, is equipped with several on ring body 1
It is located on lower camber side 1-6 and bottom hole pitch cambered surface 1-2 most through the step cross-drilled hole 3 of positive 1-1 and back side 1-5, several openings
The different flat blind hole 4 and 1 of short distance runs through the detection ratio adjustment hole 5 of front 1-1 and back side 1-5, in positive 1-1
On all have several groups angle groove 6 with upper cambered surface 1-2 adjacent, on the first arc fan body 2-1 have by camber fan
The perpendicular groove 7 in 2 center of circle of body.
As shown in Figs 1-4, the positive 1-1 of the ring body 1, left side 1-3, right side 1-4 and back side 1-5 are flat
Face.
As shown in Figure 6,7, the upper cambered surface 1-2 and lower camber side 1-6 of the ring body 1 are concentric cambered surface, and central angle is 90 °
± 1 °, the upper arc length of ring body 1 is 518mm ± 0.5mm, lower arc length is 424mm ± 0.5mm, be highly 90mm ± 0.5mm,
With a thickness of 60mm ± 0.5mm.
As shown in Figure 2,3, 4, the radius of the first arc fan body 2-1 is the half of the radius of the second arc fan body 2-2,
The thickness of first arc fan body 2-1 and the second arc fan body 2-2 are identical.
As shown in Figure 2,3, 4, the radius of the first arc fan body 2-1 be 40mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 15mm ±
The radius of 0.5mm, the second arc fan body 2-2 are 80mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 15mm ± 0.5mm, the first arc fan body 2-
1 and second arc fan body 2-2 upper cambered surface and the upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1 be in same cambered surface, the arc fan body 2
The center of circle is located at the center upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1, the first circular arc reflecting surface 2-3 and the second arc of the first arc fan body 2-1
The second circular arc reflecting surface 2-4 of shape fan body 2-2 is convex arc surface.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,5, there are five the step cross-drilled holes 3 on the ring body 1, the center line of each step cross-drilled hole 3
It is each perpendicular to the positive 1-1 and back side 1-5 of ring body 1, the center line of each step cross-drilled hole 3 is away from the shortest distance of upper cambered surface 1-2
It is different.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,5, the step cross-drilled hole 3 include aperture be Ф 9mm ± 0.5mm, length is 20mm ± 0.5mm's
The rear portion that front and aperture are Ф 3mm ± 0.5mm, length is 40mm ± 0.5mm, the center line of each step cross-drilled hole 3 is away from upper cambered surface
The shortest distance of 1-2 be arithmetic progression, respectively 45mm ± 0.5mm, 35mm ± 0.5mm, 25mm ± 0.5mm, 15mm ±
The angle of 0.5mm, 5mm ± 0.5mm, vertical plane and right side 1-4 where the center line of the first step cross-drilled hole 3 in the right is
35 ° ± 1 °, other adjacent step cross-drilled holes 3, are 10 ° from the angle between the line in the center of circle its central point supreme cambered surface 1-2
±1°。
As shown in Fig. 1,2,6, there are six flat blind holes 4 on the ring body 1, and the diameter of each flat blind hole 4 is Ф
3mm ± 0.5mm, the central axis of flat blind hole 4 is in the lower camber side 1-6 of sample block body 1.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,6, the shortest distance of cambered surface 1-2 is arithmetic progression on the bottom hole identity distance of each flat blind hole 4, respectively
For 5mm ± 0.5mm, 15mm ± 0.5mm, 25mm, 35mm ± 0.5mm, 45mm ± 0.5mm, 55mm ± 0.5mm, first, the right
Flat 4 center line of blind hole and its angle between the projection line on the 1-4 of right side are 5 ° ± 1 °, other adjacent flat blind holes
Angle between 4 center lines is 5 ° ± 1 °, and projection of the center line of each flat blind hole 4 in upper cambered surface 1-2 is located at ring body 1
Thickness middle line on.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,7, the detection ratio adjustment hole 5 on the ring body 1 is a stepped hole, the detection ratio
Example 5 step leading portion periphery of adjustment hole to the upper cambered surface 1-2 shortest distance be step back segment periphery to the upper cambered surface 1-2 shortest distance
Half.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,7, the detection ratio adjustment hole 5 include aperture be Ф 50mm ± 0.5mm, length be 30mm ±
The rear portion that the front and aperture of 0.5mm is Ф 10mm ± 0.5mm, length is 30mm ± 0.5mm, in detection ratio adjustment hole 5
The line and its angle on the 1-3 of left side between projection line in heart point and the center of circle upper cambered surface 1-2 are 8 ° ± 1 °.
As shown in Figure 1, having five groups of angle grooves, the first groove group corresponding angles angle value model on the front of the ring body
Enclosing is 35 °~45 °, and the second groove group corresponding angles angle value range is 45 °~55 °, and third groove group corresponding angles angle value range is 55 °
~65 °, the 4th groove group corresponding angles angle value range be 65 °~72 °, the 5th graduation mark group corresponding angles angle value range be 72 °~
80°。
The test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block of the invention, transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point and preceding
Along the test of distance: as shown in Figure 8,9, when testing, probe is placed on the upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1, it is mobile
Probe, is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height for the cambered surface highest back wave of the second arc fan body 2-2, the first arc fan body
The perpendicular groove 7 of 2-1 is Probe index in probe longitudinal projection position；Probe index and probe distal end are measured with graduated scale
Length a, as Front distance distance.
The adjusting of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio: as shown in Figure 10,11, when testing, probe is placed in annular originally
On the upper cambered surface 1-2 of body 1, it is vertical to be adjusted to fluorescent screen by mobile probe for the cambered surface highest back wave of the first arc fan body 2-1
The 80% of height is located at the n-th lattice of horizontal scale, n=1,2,3,4,5, while mobile probe, by the arc of the second arc fan body 2-2
Face back wave is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice, and the adjusting of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio finishes.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle: as shown in Figure 12,13, oblique between 35 °~45 ° of refraction angle to test
Illustrate for probe: when testing, probe, which is placed on the upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1 groove, is at 35 °~45 °,
Mobile probe, find the right first 3 length of step cross-drilled hole be 20mm part, aperture be Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole highest back wave, at this time
The angle value of groove, the as refraction angle of the probe are corresponded at Probe index.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector resolving power: illustrate by taking the angle probe tested between 35 °~45 ° of refraction angle as an example: such as
Figure 14, shown in 15, when testing, probe, which is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1, is at 35 °~45 °,
Mobile probe, at the same find the right first 3 length of step cross-drilled hole be 20mm part, aperture be Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole back wave, and
First, the right, 3 length of step cross-drilled hole is the part 40mm, aperture is Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole back wave, the wave crest of two waves is adjusted to identical
Height h1 is the 20%~30% of oscillograph height all over the screen, and the height of trough is h2 between two waves at this time；Keep probe positions not
Become, h2 height is adjusted to by h1 height by conditioning instrumentation yield value Δ, yield value Δ adjusted is the resolving power of the probe.
The production of transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, use 3 length of step cross-drilled hole for the portion 40mm
The aperture divided is that Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole carries out DAC Drawing of Curve, and shear wave probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1
At 35 °~45 ° (Figure 16,17 positions), so that the highest reflection echo of five step cross-drilled holes 3 is adjusted to fluorescent screen respectively expires width
80% height, while the dB value and depth value in different holes are recorded, using dB value as ordinate, depth value is abscissa, by record
Each point is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends to entire investigative range, can obtain institute's probing head DAC curve.
The adjusting of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio: as shown in figure 18, when testing, probe is placed in annular originally
On the upper cambered surface 1-2 of body 1, mobile probe, the aperture that will test proportioning hole 5 is the part Ф 50mm cross-drilled hole highest back wave
It is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, is located at the n-th lattice of horizontal scale, n=1,2,3,4,5, while mobile probe, by aperture
It is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice for the part Ф 10mm cross-drilled hole back wave, longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio has been adjusted
Finish.
The production of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, DAC is carried out using flat blind hole 4
Longitudinal wave probe is placed on the upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1 (the position Figure 19 at the 3rd flat blind hole 4 in the right by Drawing of Curve
Set), so that the highest reflection echo of six flat blind holes 4 is adjusted to fluorescent screen respectively expires 80% height of width, while recording different holes
DB value and depth value, using dB value as ordinate, depth value is abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extend
To entire investigative range, institute's probing head DAC curve can be obtained.
Claims (19)
1. a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, including the ring body (1) being connected and camber fan body
(2), it is characterised in that: the ring body (1) has front (1-1), upper cambered surface (1-2), left side (1-3), right side (1-
4), the back side (1-5) and lower camber side (1-6), arc fan body (2) include the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body (2-
2), the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body (2-2) are stacked and placed on the back side (1-5) of ring body (1) in the same direction with one heart
On, the first arc fan body (2-1) has the first circular arc reflecting surface (2-3), and the second arc fan body (2-2) is reflected with the second circular arc
Face (2-4), be equipped on ring body (1) step cross-drilled hole (3) that several run through positive (1-1) and the back side (1-5), several
Opening is located at the different flat blind hole (4) of the shortest distance of cambered surface (1-2) on lower camber side (1-6) and bottom hole pitch and 1 passes through
The detection ratio adjustment hole (5) for wearing positive (1-1) and the back side (1-5), on front (1-1) with upper cambered surface (1-2) adjacent
Several groups angle groove (6) is all had, there is the perpendicular groove by camber fan body (2) center of circle on the first arc fan body (2-1)
(7)。
2. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular is originally
The front (1-1) of body (1), left side (1-3), right side (1-4) and the back side (1-5) are plane.
3. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular is originally
The upper cambered surface (1-2) and lower camber side (1-6) of body (1) are concentric cambered surface, and central angle is 90 ° ± 1 °, the upper arc length of ring body (1)
For 518mm ± 0.5mm, lower arc length be 424mm ± 0.5mm, highly be 90mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 60mm ± 0.5mm.
4. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: first arc
The radius of shape fan body (2-1) is the half of the radius of the second arc fan body (2-2), the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc
The thickness of fan body (2-2) is identical.
5. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: first arc
The radius of shape fan body (2-1) is 40mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 15mm ± 0.5mm, and the radius of the second arc fan body (2-2) is
80mm ± 0.5mm, with a thickness of 15mm ± 0.5mm, the upper arc of the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body (2-2)
The upper cambered surface (1-2) of face and ring body (1) is in same cambered surface, and the center of circle of the arc fan body (2) is located at ring body (1)
The center upper cambered surface (1-2) at, the first circular arc reflecting surface (2-3) and the second arc fan body (2-2) of the first arc fan body (2-1)
The second circular arc reflecting surface (2-4) be convex arc surface.
6. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular is originally
There are five step cross-drilled holes (3) on body (1), and the center line of each step cross-drilled hole (3) is each perpendicular to the front of ring body (1)
The center line of (1-1) and the back side (1-5), each step cross-drilled hole (3) are different away from the shortest distance of upper cambered surface (1-2).
7. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step is horizontal
Hole (3) includes the front that aperture is Ф 9mm ± 0.5mm, length is 20mm ± 0.5mm and aperture is Ф 3mm ± 0.5mm, length
For the rear portion of 40mm ± 0.5mm, the center line of each step cross-drilled hole (3) is arithmetic progression away from the shortest distance of upper cambered surface (1-2), point
Not Wei 45mm ± 0.5mm, 35mm ± 0.5mm, 25mm ± 0.5mm, 15mm ± 0.5mm, 5mm ± 0.5mm, first, the right step
The angle of vertical plane and right side (1-4) where the center line of cross-drilled hole (3) is 35 ° ± 1 °, other adjacent step cross-drilled holes
It (3), is 10 ° ± 1 ° from the angle between the line in the center of circle the supreme cambered surface of its central point (1-2).
8. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular is originally
There are six flat blind hole (4) on body (1), and the diameter of each flat blind hole (4) is Ф 3mm ± 0.5mm, in flat blind hole (4)
Lower camber side (1-6) of the heart line perpendicular to sample block body (1).
9. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: each flat blind hole
(4) on bottom hole identity distance the shortest distance of cambered surface (1-2) be arithmetic progression, respectively 5mm ± 0.5mm, 15mm ± 0.5mm,
25mm, 35mm ± 0.5mm, 45mm ± 0.5mm, 55mm ± 0.5mm, flat blind hole (4) center line in first, the right and its on the right side
The angle between projection line on end face (1-4) is 5 ° ± 1 °, and the angle between other adjacent flat blind hole (4) center lines is equal
It is 5 ° ± 1 °, the center line of each flat blind hole (4) is located at the middle line of the thickness of ring body (1) in the projection of upper cambered surface (1-2)
On.
10. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the annular
Detection ratio adjustment hole (5) on ontology (1) is a stepped hole, detection ratio adjustment hole (5) the step leading portion periphery
It is half of the step back segment periphery to upper cambered surface (1-2) shortest distance to upper cambered surface (1-2) shortest distance.
11. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: the detection
Proportioning hole (5) include the front that aperture is Ф 50mm ± 0.5mm, length is 30mm ± 0.5mm and aperture be Ф 10mm ±
0.5mm, the rear portion that length is 30mm ± 0.5mm, the central point of detection ratio adjustment hole (5) and the company in the center of circle upper cambered surface (1-2)
Line and its angle on left side (1-3) between projection line are 8 ° ± 1 °.
12. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the annular
On the front (1-1) of ontology (1) have five groups of angle grooves (6), first groove group (6-1) corresponding angles angle value range be 35 °~
45 °, second groove group (6-2) corresponding angles angle value range is 45 °~55 °, and third groove group (6-3) corresponding angles angle value range is
55 °~65 °, the 4th groove group (6-4) corresponding angles angle value range is 65 °~72 °, the 5th graduation mark group (6-5) corresponding angles angle value
Range is 72 °~80 °.
13. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
1~12 any low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, the survey of transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point and Front distance
Examination: probe is placed on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, by the cambered surface of the second arc fan body (2-2)
Highest back wave is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, and the perpendicular groove (7) of the first arc fan body (2-1) is in the longitudinal throwing of probe
Shadow position is Probe index；With graduated scale measure Probe index and probe distal end length a, as Front distance away from
From.
14. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
1~12 any low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, the adjusting of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio: will pop one's head in
It is placed on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, by the cambered surface highest back wave of the first arc fan body (2-1)
It is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, is located at the n-th lattice of horizontal scale, n=1,2,3,4,5, while mobile probe, by second
The cambered surface back wave of arc fan body (2-2) is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice, and transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio has been adjusted
Finish.
15. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 12, the test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle: is placed in ring for probe
Groove is mobile probe at 35 °~45 ° on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of shape ontology (1), finds the first step cross-drilled hole (3) in the right
Length is the part 20mm, aperture is Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole highest back wave, corresponds to the angle value of groove at Probe index at this time, i.e.,
For the refraction angle of the probe.
16. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 12, the test of transverse wave double-bevel detector resolving power: is placed in annular for probe
Groove is mobile probe at 35 °~45 ° on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ontology (1), while finding the first step cross-drilled hole in the right
(3) length is the part 20mm, aperture is Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole back wave and first, the right step cross-drilled hole (3) length is the portion 40mm
Point, aperture be Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole back wave, the wave crest of two waves is adjusted to identical height h1, be oscillograph height all over the screen 20%~
30%, the height of trough is h2 between two waves at this time；Keep probe positions constant, by conditioning instrumentation yield value Δ by h2 height
It is adjusted to h1 height, yield value Δ adjusted is the resolving power of the probe.
17. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
The production of transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve: low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 12 is carrying out DAC curve
When production, use step cross-drilled hole (3) length for the aperture of the part 40mm be Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole carry out DAC Drawing of Curve, shear wave is visited
It is to make five step cross-drilled holes (3) respectively most at 35 °~45 ° that head, which is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1),
High reflection echo, which is adjusted to fluorescent screen, expires 80% height of width, while recording the dB value and depth value in different holes, is vertical sit with dB value
Mark, depth value is abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extend to entire investigative range, can obtain institute's probing
Head DAC curve.
18. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 11, the adjusting of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio: probe is set
On the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, the aperture that will test proportioning hole (5) is the part Ф 50mm
Cross-drilled hole highest back wave is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, be located at the n-th lattice of horizontal scale, n=1,2,3,4,5, simultaneously
Aperture is that the part Ф 10mm cross-drilled hole back wave is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice by mobile probe, and longitudinal wave twin crystal is directly visited
Head detection ratio adjusting finishes.
19. a kind of test method of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, it is characterised in that: using such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 9, the production of longitudinal wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve: bent carrying out DAC
When line makes, DAC Drawing of Curve is carried out using flat blind hole (4), longitudinal wave probe is placed in the upper cambered surface (1- of ring body (1)
2) at the 3rd flat blind hole (4) in the right, the highest reflection echo of six flat blind holes (4) is made to be adjusted to fluorescent screen respectively full
80% height of width, while the dB value and depth value in different holes are recorded, using dB value as ordinate, depth value is abscissa, will be remembered
The each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends to entire investigative range, can obtain institute's probing head DAC curve.
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| CN107632074B (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2023-09-19 | 华能国际电力股份有限公司 | Multipurpose portable test block for ultrasonic detection |
| CN108459086B (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2023-10-24 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | Manual ultrasonic inspection method for large thick-wall dissimilar metal weld joint |
| CN109030636A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-12-18 | 中铁检验认证中心 | The steel rail ultrasonic detection test block device and detection method of web of the rail welding cable |
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Address after: 213011 No. 51 Wuyi Road, Qishuyan, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 258 Patentee after: CRRC Qishuyan Locomotive and Rolling Stock Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd. Country or region after: China Address before: 213011 No. 51 Wuyi Road, Qishuyan, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 258 Patentee before: CRRC QISHUYAN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Country or region before: China |