CN106198762A - Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block and method of testing thereof - Google Patents
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block and method of testing thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106198762A CN106198762A CN201610502619.1A CN201610502619A CN106198762A CN 106198762 A CN106198762 A CN 106198762A CN 201610502619 A CN201610502619 A CN 201610502619A CN 106198762 A CN106198762 A CN 106198762A
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- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 130
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block and method of testing thereof, sample block includes ring body and the camber fan body being connected, ring body has front, upper cambered surface, left side, right side, the back side and lower camber side, arc fan body includes the first the most stacked arc fan body and the second arc fan body, ring body is provided with several step cross-drilled holes running through front and back, several openings are positioned at the different flat blind hole of the beeline of cambered surface on lower camber side and bottom hole pitch and 1 detection ratio adjustment hole running through front and back, front is respectively provided with some groups of angle grooves with upper cambered surface adjacent, first arc fan body has the perpendicular groove by the camber fan body center of circle.The incidence point of transverse wave double-bevel detector, Front distance, detection ratio, refraction angle and DAC curve etc. can be tested by method of testing.The sample block function of the present invention is many, detection efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of non destructive testing, especially about wheel product ultrasound examination test block and method of testing.
Background technology
Low floor vehicle, since within 1984, coming out, has had more than 140 city of more than 30 countries the most in the world and have employed low
Floor car traffic system.Since 2011, the most having opened in the city of city rail traffic, Changchun and Shenyang Metro have employed low
Floor modern tram.As low-floor modern tram running part critical component, the quality of elastic wheel is straight
Connecing the operation safety closing family car, elastic wheel inlays rubber damping original paper between metal, makes metal depart from directly contact.Can have
Effect reduces during urban rail transit vehicles travels the vibration and noise produced, and reduces the impact between wheel track, reduces the abrasion of wheel,
Improve the functions such as distance travelled.
The operation through about last decade of the elastic wheel of domestic production at present, has arrived the maintenance stage the most.But due to low
Floor tramcar uses the time the longest at home, does not has ready-made elastic wheel ultrasound detection technique.And it is external such as A Er
Company's its detection meanss of the most non-external disclosure such as stone, Siemens, Pang Badi.So can only be with reference to domestic big rail vehicles
The detection method of wheel, detection is required for using the reference blocks such as CSK-I A, CS-1-5, DB-H1, RB-2, LG-1～9 to enter every time
Row probe detection ratio, incidence point, Front distance, refraction angle, the mensuration of resolving power and the making of DAC curve, test block is carried
Extremely inconvenient.Having Crinis Carbonisatus to understand ultrasonic-wave flaw-detecting probe performance detecting test block and method of testing thereof, this invention can be to flat before
Face type angle probe incidence point, Front distance, head angle are measured, and carry out detection ratio and angle probe DAC curve system
Make.But for the detection of low-floor tramcar wheel, this invention there is the following problem:
A, being only used for plane angle probe, and elastic wheel ultrasound detection transverse wave double-bevel detector is cambered surface, this test block cannot use；
B, this test block surveyed transverse wave double-bevel detector Angle Method, for using formula indirectly to calculate, calculate loaded down with trivial details, the most intuitively；
C, elastic wheel detection shear wave probe is high to the resolving power requirement of defect, and this test block can not carry out transverse wave double-bevel detector resolution
The test of power；
D, elastic wheel ultrasound detection, except using in addition to transverse wave double-bevel detector, also need to use compressional wave double-crystal normal probe, and this test block without
Method carries out double-crystal normal probe detection ratio and the making of DAC curve.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention be to provide a kind of be capable of multiple standards test block function, detection efficiency high lowly
Plate tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block.
The second object of the present invention be to provide a kind of quickly, accurately, low-floor tramcar wheel that detection efficiency is high
The method of testing of ultrasound detection sample block.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the technical scheme is that a kind of low-floor ultrasonic inspection of tramcar wheel
Test sample block, including the ring body being connected and camber fan body, described ring body has front, upper cambered surface, left side, the right side
End face, the back side and lower camber side, arc fan body includes the first arc fan body and the second arc fan body, the first arc fan body and the second arc
Shape fan body is stacked and placed on the back side of ring body the most in the same direction, and the first arc fan body has the first circular arc reflecting surface, the second arc
Fan body has the second circular arc reflecting surface, ring body is provided with several step cross-drilled holes running through front and back, several
Opening be positioned at the different flat blind hole of the beeline of cambered surface on lower camber side and bottom hole pitch and 1 run through front and back
Detection ratio adjustment hole, is respectively provided with some groups of angle grooves with upper cambered surface adjacent, on the first arc fan body on front
There is the perpendicular groove by the camber fan body center of circle.
The front of described ring body, left side, right side and the back side are plane.
The upper cambered surface of described ring body and lower camber side are concentric cambered surface, and central angle is 90 ° ± 1 °, ring body 1 upper
Arc length is 518 mm ± 0.5 mm, lower arc length is 424 mm ± 0.5 mm, height is 90mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness is 60mm ±
0.5 mm。
The radius of described first arc fan body is the half of the radius of the second arc fan body, the first arc fan body and the second arc
The thickness of shape fan body is identical.
The radius of described first arc fan body is 40mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness is 15mm ± 0.5 mm, the second arc fan body
Radius be 80mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness be 15mm ± 0.5 mm, described first arc fan body and the upper arc of the second arc fan body
Face is in same cambered surface with the upper cambered surface of ring body, and the center of circle of described arc fan body is positioned at the upper cambered surface center of ring body
Place, the first circular arc reflecting surface of the first arc fan body and the second circular arc reflecting surface of the second arc fan body are convex arc surface.
Step cross-drilled hole on described ring body has five, and the shoulder height of each step cross-drilled hole is 3mm ± 0.5 mm,
The centrage of each step cross-drilled hole is each perpendicular to the front and back of ring body, and the centrage of each step cross-drilled hole is away from upper cambered surface
Beeline is the most different.
Described step cross-drilled hole include aperture be Ф 9mm ± 0.5 mm, the front portion of a length of 20mm ± 0.5 mm and aperture be
Ф 3mm ± 0.5 mm, the rear portion of a length of 40mm ± 0.5 mm, the centrage of each step cross-drilled hole beeline away from upper cambered surface is
Arithmetic progression, respectively 45mm ± 0.5 mm, 35mm ± 0.5 mm, 25mm ± 0.5 mm, 15mm ± 0.5 mm, 5mm ± 0.5
Mm, the vertical plane at the centrage place of first the step cross-drilled hole in the right and the angle of right side are 35 ° ± 1 °, other adjacent platform
Rank cross-drilled hole, the angle between the line in the heart point supreme cambered surface center of circle is 10 ° ± 1 ° from which.
Six flat blind holes, the diameter of each flat blind hole are had to be Ф 3mm ± 0.5 mm on described ring body, flat blind
The central axis in hole is in the lower camber side of sample block body.
The bottom surface, hole of each flat blind hole beeline away from upper cambered surface is arithmetic progression, respectively 5mm ± 0.5 mm, 15mm
± 0.5 mm, 25mm, 35mm ± 0.5 mm, 45mm ± 0.5 mm, 55mm ± 0.5 mm, the flat blind hole centrage in first, the right
And the angle between its projection line on right side is 5 ° ± 1 °, the angle between other adjacent flat blind hole centrage is equal
It it is 5 ° ± 1 °, on the center line of the thickness that the centrage of each flat blind hole is positioned at ring body in the projection of upper cambered surface.
Detection ratio adjustment hole on described ring body is a stepped hole, described detection ratio adjustment hole step leading portion
Periphery is the step back segment periphery half to upper cambered surface beeline to upper cambered surface beeline.
Described detection ratio adjustment hole include aperture be Ф 50mm ± 0.5 mm, the front portion of a length of 30mm ± 0.5 mm and
Aperture is Ф 10mm ± 0.5 mm, the rear portion of a length of 30mm ± 0.5 mm, the central point of detection ratio adjustment hole and upper cambered surface
The line in the center of circle and its angle between projection line on left side are 8 ° ± 1 °.
There are on the front of described ring body five groups of angle grooves, the first groove group corresponding angles angle value scope be 35 °～
45 °, the second groove group corresponding angles angle value scope is 45 °～55 °, and the 3rd groove group corresponding angles angle value scope is 55 °～65 °, the
Four groove group corresponding angles angle value scopes are 65 °～72 °, and the 5th graduation mark group corresponding angles angle value scope is 72 °～80 °.
The sample block outer round surface curvature of the present invention is identical with transverse wave double-bevel detector curvature, it is ensured that coupling is good, improves detection essence
Degree；And transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point, Front distance, detection ratio, refraction angle, the test of resolving power, DAC curve can be carried out
Making；Compressional wave double-crystal normal probe can also be carried out detection ratio and the making of DAC curve.Without be equipped with CSK-I A, CS-1-5,
DB-H1, RB-2, TC-W, LG-1～the reference blocks such as 9, present invention achieves the function of all above-mentioned reference blocks, saved inspection
Survey cost, improve detection efficiency, it is achieved cost efficiency.The present invention can use wheel steel (such as ER9) in kind to make, it is possible to eliminates
The detection error caused because of material difference.
In order to reach above-mentioned second purpose, the technical scheme is that a kind of low-floor ultrasonic inspection of tramcar wheel
The method of testing of test sample block, uses any of the above-described low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, and transverse wave double-bevel detector is incident
Point and the test of Front distance: being placed in by probe on the upper cambered surface of ring body, mobile probe, by the arc of the second arc fan body
The highest echo in face is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, and the perpendicular groove of the first arc fan body is in probe longitudinal projection position
It is Probe index；Measure length a of Probe index and probe distal end with rule, be Front distance distance.
The regulation of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio: be placed in by probe on the upper cambered surface of ring body, mobile probe, by
The highest echo of cambered surface of one arc fan body is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, is positioned at horizontal scale the n-th lattice, n=1,2,
3,4,5, mobile probe simultaneously, the cambered surface echo of the second arc fan body is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice, shear wave
The regulation of angle probe detection ratio is complete.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle: it is 35 °～45 ° that probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface of ring body
Place, mobile probe, finding first, the right step cross-drilled hole a length of 20mm part, aperture is the Ф the highest echo of 9mm cross-drilled hole, this
Time Probe index at the angle value of correspondence groove, be the refraction angle of this probe.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector resolving power: it is 35 °～45 ° that probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface of ring body
Place, mobile probe, find first, the right step cross-drilled hole a length of 20mm part, aperture is Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole echo simultaneously, with
And first, the right step cross-drilled hole a length of 20mm part, aperture are Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole echo, the crest of two ripples is adjusted to identical
Highly h1, for the 20%～30% of oscillograph height all over the screen, now between two ripples, the height of trough is h2；Keep probe positions not
Becoming, by conditioning instrumentation yield value Δ, h2 is highly adjusted to h1 height, the yield value Δ regulated is the resolving power of this probe.
The making of transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, uses step cross-drilled hole a length of 40mm portion
The aperture divided is that Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole carries out DAC curve plotting, and shear wave probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface of ring body is
At 35 °～45 °, the highest reflection echo of five step cross-drilled holes is made to be adjusted to 80% height of the full width of fluorescent screen, record simultaneously respectively
The dB value in different holes and depth value, with dB value as vertical coordinate, depth value is abscissa, and each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve,
And extend to whole investigative range, institute's probing head DAC curve.
The regulation of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio: probe is placed on the upper cambered surface of ring body, mobile probe,
It is that the Ф 50mm the highest echo of part cross-drilled hole is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, position by the aperture of detection ratio adjustment hole
In horizontal scale the n-th lattice, n=1,2,3,4,5, simultaneously mobile probe, it is that Ф 10mm part cross-drilled hole echo is adjusted in place by aperture
At horizontal scale 2n lattice, the regulation of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio is complete.
The making of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, uses flat blind hole to carry out DAC bent
Line is drawn, and is placed in by longitudinal wave probe on the upper cambered surface of ring body at the 3rd the flat blind hole in the right, make respectively six flat blind
The highest reflection echo in hole is adjusted to 80% height of the full width of fluorescent screen, records dB value and the depth value in different hole, with dB value simultaneously
For vertical coordinate, depth value is abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends to whole investigative range,
Institute's probing head DAC curve.
After using said method, it is oblique that the present invention can test refraction angle shear wave in the range of 35 °～80 ° to simple, intuitive
Probe index, Front distance, refraction angle, the test of resolving power and detection ratio regulation, making shear wave probe DAC curve,
And compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio regulates and DAC curve plotting, solve the problem that prior art exists, have fast
Speed, the feature that accurate, detection efficiency is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention is further detailed explanation for the embodiment be given below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is the upward view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the rearview of Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the location map of the step cross-drilled hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is the location map of the flat blind hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is the location map of the detection ratio adjustment hole in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8, Fig. 9 respectively present invention view when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point and Front distance test；
Figure 10, Figure 11 respectively present invention view when carrying out the regulation of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio；
Figure 12, Figure 13 respectively present invention view when carrying out the test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle；
Figure 14, Figure 15 respectively present invention view when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector resolution test；
Figure 16, Figure 17 respectively present invention view when carrying out transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve plotting；
Figure 18 is the present invention view when carrying out the regulation of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio；
Figure 19 is the present invention view when carrying out compressional wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve plotting.
Detailed description of the invention
As Figure 1-4, a kind of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block of the present invention, including be connected
Ring body 1 and camber fan body 2, described ring body 1 have front 1-1, upper cambered surface 1-2, left side 1-3, right side 1-4,
Back side 1-5 and lower camber side 1-6, arc fan body 2 includes the first arc fan body 2-1 and the second arc fan body 2-2, the first arc fan body
2-1 and the second arc fan body 2-2 is stacked and placed on the back side 1-5 of ring body 1 the most in the same direction, and the first arc fan body 2-1 has
One circular arc reflecting surface 2-3, the second arc fan body 2-2 have the second circular arc reflecting surface 2-4, are provided with several on ring body 1
Run through the step cross-drilled hole 3 of front 1-1 and back side 1-5, several openings are positioned on lower camber side 1-6 and bottom hole pitch cambered surface 1-2
Flat blind hole 4 that short distance is different and 1 detection ratio adjustment hole 5 running through front 1-1 and back side 1-5, at front 1-1
On be respectively provided with some groups of angle grooves 6 with upper cambered surface 1-2 adjacent, the first arc fan body 2-1 has and is fanned by camber
The perpendicular groove 7 in body 2 center of circle.
As Figure 1-4, the front 1-1 of described ring body 1, left side 1-3, right side 1-4 and back side 1-5 are flat
Face.
As shown in Figure 6,7, upper cambered surface 1-2 of described ring body 1 and lower camber side 1-6 are concentric cambered surface, and central angle is 90 °
± 1 °, the upper arc length of ring body 1 is 518 mm ± 0.5 mm, lower arc length is 424 mm ± 0.5 mm, height is 90mm ± 0.5
Mm, thickness are 60mm ± 0.5 mm.
As shown in Figure 2,3, 4, the radius of described first arc fan body 2-1 is the half of the radius of the second arc fan body 2-2,
The thickness of the first arc fan body 2-1 and the second arc fan body 2-2 is identical.
As shown in Figure 2,3, 4, the radius of described first arc fan body 2-1 be 40mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness be 15mm ± 0.5
Mm, the radius of the second arc fan body 2-2 is 80mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness is 15mm ± 0.5 mm, described first arc fan body 2-1
It is in same cambered surface, the circle of described arc fan body 2 with the upper cambered surface of the second arc fan body 2-2 and upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1
The heart is positioned at the upper cambered surface 1-2 center of ring body 1, first circular arc reflecting surface 2-3 and second arc of the first arc fan body 2-1
The second circular arc reflecting surface 2-4 of fan body 2-2 is convex arc surface.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,5, the step cross-drilled hole 3 on described ring body 1 has five, and the step of each step cross-drilled hole 3 is high
Degree is 3mm ± 0.5 mm, and the centrage of each step cross-drilled hole 3 is each perpendicular to the front 1-1 and back side 1-5 of ring body 1, respectively
The centrage of step cross-drilled hole 3 beeline away from upper cambered surface 1-2 is the most different.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,5, described step cross-drilled hole 3 include aperture be Ф 9mm ± 0.5 mm, a length of 20mm ± 0.5 mm
Front portion and aperture be Ф 3mm ± 0.5 mm, the rear portion of a length of 40mm ± 0.5 mm, the centrage of each step cross-drilled hole 3 is away from upper
The beeline of cambered surface 1-2 is arithmetic progression, respectively 45mm ± 0.5 mm, 35mm ± 0.5 mm, 25mm ± 0.5 mm, 15mm
± 0.5 mm, 5mm ± 0.5 mm, the vertical plane at the centrage place of first the step cross-drilled hole 3 in the right and the angle of right side 1-4
Being 35 ° ± 1 °, other adjacent step cross-drilled hole 3, the angle between the line in the heart point supreme cambered surface 1-2 center of circle is from which
10°±1°。
As shown in Fig. 1,2,6, described ring body 1 there are six flat blind holes 4, the diameter of each flat blind hole 4 are Ф
3mm ± 0.5 mm, the central axis of flat blind hole 4 is in lower camber side 1-6 of sample block body 1.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,6, the bottom surface, hole of each flat blind hole 4 beeline away from upper cambered surface 1-2 is arithmetic progression, respectively
For 5mm ± 0.5 mm, 15mm ± 0.5 mm, 25mm, 35mm ± 0.5 mm, 45mm ± 0.5 mm, 55mm ± 0.5 mm, the right
Angle between one flat blind hole 4 centrage and its projection line on the 1-4 of right side is 5 ° ± 1 °, and other is adjacent flat
Angle between blind hole 4 centrage is 5 ° ± 1 °, and the centrage of each flat blind hole 4 is positioned at annular in the projection of upper cambered surface 1-2
On the center line of the thickness of body 1.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,7, the detection ratio adjustment hole 5 on described ring body 1 is a stepped hole, described detection ratio
Example adjustment hole 5 step leading portion periphery is that step back segment periphery is to upper cambered surface 1-2 beeline to upper cambered surface 1-2 beeline
Half.
As shown in Fig. 1,2,7, described detection ratio adjustment hole 5 includes that aperture is Ф 50mm ± 0.5 mm, a length of 30mm
The front portion of ± 0.5 mm and aperture are Ф 10mm ± 0.5 mm, the rear portion of a length of 30mm ± 0.5 mm, detection ratio adjustment hole 5
Central point and the line in the upper cambered surface 1-2 center of circle and its angle between projection line on the 1-3 of left side be 8 ° ± 1 °.
As it is shown in figure 1, have five groups of angle grooves on the front of described ring body, the first groove group corresponding angles angle value model
Enclosing is 35 °～45 °, and the second groove group corresponding angles angle value scope is 45 °～55 °, and the 3rd groove group corresponding angles angle value scope is 55 °
～65 °, the 4th groove group corresponding angles angle value scope is 65 °～72 °, the 5th graduation mark group corresponding angles angle value scope be 72 °～
80°。
The method of testing of the low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block of the present invention, transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point and front
Test along distance: as shown in Figure 8,9, when testing, is placed on upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1 by probe, mobile
Probe, is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, the first arc fan body by the highest echo of cambered surface of the second arc fan body 2-2
The perpendicular groove 7 of 2-1 is Probe index in probe longitudinal projection position；Probe index and probe distal end is measured with rule
Length a, be Front distance distance.
The regulation of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio: such as Figure 10, shown in 11, when testing, probe is placed in annular this
On upper cambered surface 1-2 of body 1, mobile probe, the highest echo of cambered surface of the first arc fan body 2-1 is adjusted to fluorescent screen vertical
The 80% of height, is positioned at horizontal scale the n-th lattice, and n=1,2,3,4,5, simultaneously mobile probe, by the cambered surface of the second arc fan body 2-2
Echo is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice, and the regulation of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio is complete.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle: as shown in Figure 12,13, oblique with test between refraction angle 35 °～45 °
Illustrate as a example by probe: when testing, it is at 35 °～45 ° that probe is placed in groove on upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1,
Mobile probe, finding first, the right step cross-drilled hole 3 a length of 20mm part, aperture is the Ф the highest echo of 9mm cross-drilled hole, now
The angle value of correspondence groove at Probe index, is the refraction angle of this probe.
The test of transverse wave double-bevel detector resolving power: illustrate as a example by testing the angle probe between refraction angle 35 °～45 °: as
Figure 14, shown in 15, when testing, it is at 35 °～45 ° that probe is placed in groove on upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1,
Mobile probe, find first, the right step cross-drilled hole 3 a length of 20mm part, aperture is Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole echo simultaneously, and
First, the right step cross-drilled hole 3 a length of 20mm part, aperture are Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole echo, are adjusted to identical by the crest of two ripples
Highly h1, for the 20%～30% of oscillograph height all over the screen, now between two ripples, the height of trough is h2；Keep probe positions not
Becoming, by conditioning instrumentation yield value Δ, h2 is highly adjusted to h1 height, the yield value Δ regulated is the resolving power of this probe.
The making of transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, uses step cross-drilled hole 3 a length of 40mm portion
The aperture divided is that Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole carries out DAC curve plotting, and shear wave probe is placed in groove on upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1
It is (Figure 16,17 positions) at 35 °～45 °, makes the highest reflection echo of five step cross-drilled holes 3 be adjusted to the full width of fluorescent screen respectively
80% height, records dB value and the depth value in different hole simultaneously, and with dB value as vertical coordinate, depth value is abscissa, by record
Each point is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends to whole investigative range, institute's probing head DAC curve.
The regulation of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio: as shown in figure 18, when testing, is placed in annular originally by probe
On upper cambered surface 1-2 of body 1, mobile probe, is the Ф 50mm the highest echo of part cross-drilled hole by the aperture of detection ratio adjustment hole 5
Being adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, be positioned at horizontal scale the n-th lattice, n=1,2,3,4,5, simultaneously mobile probe, by aperture
Being adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice for Ф 10mm part cross-drilled hole echo, compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio has regulated
Finish.
The making of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve: when carrying out DAC curve plotting, uses flat blind hole 4 to carry out DAC
Curve plotting, is placed on upper cambered surface 1-2 of ring body 1 (Figure 19 position at the 3rd the flat blind hole 4 in the right by longitudinal wave probe
Put), make the highest reflection echo of six flat blind holes 4 be adjusted to 80% height of the full width of fluorescent screen, the simultaneously different hole of record respectively
DB value and depth value, with dB value as vertical coordinate, depth value is abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends
To whole investigative range, institute's probing head DAC curve.
Claims (19)
1. a low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block, including the ring body (1) being connected and camber fan body
(2), it is characterised in that: described ring body (1) has front (1-1), upper cambered surface (1-2), left side (1-3), right side (1-
4), the back side (1-5) and lower camber side (1-6), arc fan body (2) includes the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body (2-
2), the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body (2-2) are stacked and placed on the back side (1-5) of ring body (1) with one heart in the same direction
On, the first arc fan body (2-1) has the first circular arc reflecting surface (2-3), and the second arc fan body (2-2) has the second circular arc reflection
Face (2-4), ring body (1) is provided with several step cross-drilled holes (3) running through front (1-1) and the back side (1-5), several
Opening be positioned at the different flat blind hole (4) of the beeline of cambered surface (1-2) on lower camber side (1-6) and bottom hole pitch and 1 pass through
Wear the detection ratio adjustment hole (5) of front (1-1) and the back side (1-5), on front (1-1) with upper cambered surface (1-2) adjacent
It is respectively provided with some groups of angle grooves (6), the first arc fan body (2-1) has the perpendicular groove by camber fan body (2) center of circle
(7).
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described annular is originally
The front (1-1) of body (1), left side (1-3), right side (1-4) and the back side (1-5) are plane.
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described annular is originally
Upper cambered surface (1-2) and the lower camber side (1-6) of body (1) are concentric cambered surface, and central angle is 90 ° ± 1 °, the upper arc length of ring body (1)
Be 518 mm ± 0.5 mm, lower arc length be 424 mm ± 0.5 mm, height be 60mm ± 0.5 for 90mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness
mm。
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described first arc
The radius of shape fan body (2-1) is the half of the radius of the second arc fan body (2-2), the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc
The thickness of fan body (2-2) is identical.
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: described first arc
The radius of shape fan body (2-1) is 40mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness is 15mm ± 0.5 mm, and the radius of the second arc fan body (2-2) is
80mm ± 0.5 mm, thickness are 15mm ± 0.5 mm, described first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body (2-2) upper
Cambered surface is in same cambered surface with the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), and the center of circle of described arc fan body (2) is positioned at ring body
(1) upper cambered surface (1-2) center, the first circular arc reflecting surface (2-3) of the first arc fan body (2-1) and the second arc fan body
(2-2) the second circular arc reflecting surface (2-4) is convex arc surface.
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described annular is originally
Step cross-drilled hole (3) on body (1) has five, and the shoulder height of each step cross-drilled hole (3) is 3mm ± 0.5 mm, each step
The centrage of cross-drilled hole (3) is each perpendicular to front (1-1) and the back side (1-5) of ring body (1), the center of each step cross-drilled hole (3)
On line-spacing, the beeline of cambered surface (1-2) is the most different.
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described step is horizontal
Hole (3) include aperture be Ф 9mm ± 0.5 mm, the front portion of a length of 20mm ± 0.5 mm and aperture be Ф 3mm ± 0.5 mm, length
Degree is the rear portion of 40mm ± 0.5 mm, and the centrage of each step cross-drilled hole (3) beeline away from upper cambered surface (1-2) is for waiting difference
Row, respectively 45mm ± 0.5 mm, 35mm ± 0.5 mm, 25mm ± 0.5 mm, 15mm ± 0.5 mm, 5mm ± 0.5 mm, the right
The vertical plane at the centrage place of first step cross-drilled hole (3) is 35 ° ± 1 ° with the angle of right side (1-4), and other is adjacent
Step cross-drilled hole (3), the angle between the line in the supreme cambered surface of heart point (1-2) center of circle is 10 ° ± 1 ° from which.
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described annular is originally
Having six flat blind holes (4) on body (1), the diameter of each flat blind hole (4) is Ф 3mm ± 0.5 mm, in flat blind hole (4)
Heart line is perpendicular to the lower camber side (1-6) of sample block body (1).
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: each flat blind hole
(4) the bottom surface, the hole beeline away from upper cambered surface (1-2) is arithmetic progression, respectively 5mm ± 0.5 mm, 15mm ± 0.5 mm,
25mm, 35mm ± 0.5 mm, 45mm ± 0.5 mm, 55mm ± 0.5 mm, first, the right flat blind hole (4) centrage with its
The angle between projection line on right side (1-4) is 5 ° ± 1 °, the angle between other adjacent flat blind hole (4) centrage
Being 5 ° ± 1 °, the centrage of each flat blind hole (4) is positioned in the thickness of ring body (1) in the projection of upper cambered surface (1-2)
On line.
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described annular
Detection ratio adjustment hole (5) on body (1) is a stepped hole, described detection ratio adjustment hole (5) step leading portion periphery
It is the step back segment periphery half to upper cambered surface (1-2) beeline to upper cambered surface (1-2) beeline.
11. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks according to claim 10, it is characterised in that: described detection
Proportioning hole (5) include aperture be Ф 50mm ± 0.5 mm, the front portion of a length of 30mm ± 0.5 mm and aperture be Ф 10mm
± 0.5 mm, the rear portion of a length of 30mm ± 0.5 mm, the central point of detection ratio adjustment hole (5) and upper cambered surface (1-2) center of circle
Line and its angle between left side (1-3) upper projection line be 8 ° ± 1 °.
12. low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described annular
There are on the front (1-1) of body (1) five groups of angle grooves (6), the first groove group (6-1) corresponding angles angle value scope be 35 °～
45 °, the second groove group (6-2) corresponding angles angle value scope is 45 °～55 °, and the 3rd groove group (6-3) corresponding angles angle value scope is
55 °～65 °, the 4th groove group (6-4) corresponding angles angle value scope is 65 °～72 °, the 5th graduation mark group (6-5) corresponding angles angle value
Scope is 72 °～80 °.
The method of testing of 13. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
1～12 arbitrary described low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, transverse wave double-bevel detector incidence point and the survey of Front distance
Examination:
Being placed in by probe on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, by the cambered surface of the second arc fan body (2-2)
The highest echo is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, and the perpendicular groove (7) of the first arc fan body (2-1) is longitudinally thrown at probe
Shadow position is Probe index；Measure length a of Probe index and probe distal end with rule, be Front distance away from
From.
The method of testing of 14. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
1～12 arbitrary described low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, the regulation of transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio:
Being placed in by probe on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, by the cambered surface of the first arc fan body (2-1)
The highest echo is adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height, is positioned at horizontal scale the n-th lattice, n=1,2,3,4,5, simultaneously mobile spy
Head, is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice by the cambered surface echo of the second arc fan body (2-2), transverse wave double-bevel detector detection ratio
Example regulation is complete.
The method of testing of 15. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 12, the test of transverse wave double-bevel detector refraction angle:
It is at 35 °～45 ° that probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, finds the right
First step cross-drilled hole (3) a length of 20mm part, aperture are the Ф the highest echo of 9mm cross-drilled hole, now at Probe index pair
Answer the angle value of groove, be the refraction angle of this probe.
The method of testing of 16. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 12, the test of transverse wave double-bevel detector resolving power:
It is at 35 °～45 ° that probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body 1, and mobile probe finds the right side simultaneously
First, limit step cross-drilled hole (3) a length of 20mm part, aperture are Ф 9mm cross-drilled hole echo, and first, the right step horizontal stroke
Hole (3) a length of 20mm part, aperture are Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole echo, the crest of two ripples are adjusted to identical height h1, for oscillograph
The 20%～30% of height all over the screen, now between two ripples, the height of trough is h2；Keep probe positions constant, increased by conditioning instrumentation
H2 is highly adjusted to h1 height by benefit value Δ, and the yield value Δ regulated is the resolving power of this probe.
The method of testing of 17. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 7, the making of transverse wave double-bevel detector DAC curve:
When carrying out DAC curve plotting, the aperture using step cross-drilled hole (3) a length of 40mm part is that Ф 3mm cross-drilled hole carries out DAC
Curve plotting, it is at 35 °～45 ° that shear wave probe is placed in groove on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), makes five respectively
The highest reflection echo of individual step cross-drilled hole (3) is adjusted to 80% height of the full width of fluorescent screen, and the dB value in the different hole of record is with deep simultaneously
Angle value, with dB value as vertical coordinate, depth value is abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends to whole detection
Scope, institute's probing head DAC curve.
The method of testing of 18. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 11, the regulation of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe detection ratio:
Being placed in by probe on the upper cambered surface (1-2) of ring body (1), mobile probe, by the aperture of detection ratio adjustment hole (5)
Be adjusted to the 80% of fluorescent screen vertical height for the Ф 50mm the highest echo of part cross-drilled hole, be positioned at horizontal scale the n-th lattice, n=1,2,
3,4,5, mobile probe simultaneously, is that Ф 10mm part cross-drilled hole echo is adjusted in place at horizontal scale 2n lattice by aperture, vertical
The regulation of ripple double-crystal normal probe detection ratio is complete.
The method of testing of 19. 1 kinds of low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample blocks, it is characterised in that: use such as claim
Low-floor tramcar wheel ultrasound detection sample block described in 9, the making of compressional wave double-crystal normal probe DAC curve:
When carrying out DAC curve plotting, use flat blind hole (4) to carry out DAC curve plotting, longitudinal wave probe is placed in ring body
(1) on upper cambered surface (1-2), the 3rd flat blind hole (4) place, the right, makes the highest being reflected back of six flat blind holes (4) respectively
Ripple is adjusted to 80% height of the full width of fluorescent screen, records dB value and the depth value in different hole, with dB value as vertical coordinate, depth value simultaneously
For abscissa, each point of record is linked to be smoothed curve, and extends to whole investigative range, institute's probing head DAC curve.
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| CN106198762B (en) | 2019-09-13 |
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