CN106196447B - Energy-saving machine room air conditioner and control method thereof - Google Patents
Energy-saving machine room air conditioner and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106196447B CN106196447B CN201610556777.5A CN201610556777A CN106196447B CN 106196447 B CN106196447 B CN 106196447B CN 201610556777 A CN201610556777 A CN 201610556777A CN 106196447 B CN106196447 B CN 106196447B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
- F24F2110/12—Temperature of the outside air
Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving machine room air conditioner and a control method thereof, aiming at solving the problems that the existing machine room air conditioner can not accurately regulate and control the switching of working modes and the available natural cold temperature area is limited, the energy-saving control method of the air conditioner comprises the following steps: detecting the indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room in real time; calculating the indoor refrigerating load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the running state of the air conditioner and the indoor temperature T; and adjusting the running state of the air conditioner according to the indoor refrigeration load ratio R, the indoor temperature T of the machine room and the outdoor temperature Ta, wherein the running state of the air conditioner comprises three running modes of completely utilizing a natural cold source for refrigeration, partially utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration and not utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioners, in particular to an energy-saving machine room air conditioner and a control method thereof.
Background
With the rapid development of information technology, the number and scale of information rooms are increasing. One characteristic of air conditioners in machine rooms is that they require refrigeration all year round due to the high accuracy of temperature requirements of the machine room. The problem of energy consumption of the air conditioner in the machine room is more and more prominent. The natural cooling air conditioner combining the fluorine pump and the compressor is a common refrigeration technology utilizing a natural cold source outside a machine room, but the working mode switching method of the existing natural cooling air conditioner is to switch the operation mode based on the indoor and outdoor temperature difference, for example, in summer, when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the fluorine pump does not work, and the compressor works alone; in spring and autumn, when the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the compressor and the fluorine pump energy saving machine work simultaneously; when the outdoor temperature is far lower than the indoor temperature in winter, the compressor does not work, and the fluorine pump works alone. And the temperature difference changes of different areas are different, so that the control method cannot accurately regulate and control the operation mode according to the specific operation condition of the air conditioner. In addition, the outdoor air-cooled condenser of the air conditioner needs a large installation space, which increases the amount of on-site construction work.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an energy-saving machine room air conditioner and a control method, which can accurately control an operation mode and effectively reduce a floor area, in view of the above-mentioned defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: provided is an energy-saving control method of a machine room air conditioner, the method comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting the indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room in real time;
s2: calculating the indoor refrigerating load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the running state of the air conditioner and the indoor temperature T;
s3: and adjusting the running state of the air conditioner according to the indoor refrigeration load ratio R, the indoor temperature T of the machine room and the outdoor temperature Ta, wherein the running state comprises three running modes of completely utilizing a natural cold source for refrigeration, partially utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration and not utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration.
The step S2 includes:
s21: setting a target temperature Ts in the machine room with accuracy of a, namely Ts-a and Ts + a;
s22: and calculating an indoor refrigeration load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the target indoor temperature Ts and the real-time indoor temperature T of the machine room, namely R is (T-Ts)/a.
The step S3 includes:
s31: setting a threshold range of the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, namely Rs1 is not less than Rs not more than Rs 2;
s32: adjusting the running state of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target cold load ratio Rs and the relation between the real-time indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is less than or equal to Rs2, the air conditioner completely utilizes outdoor natural cold sources for refrigeration;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is more than Rs2, the air conditioner partially utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration;
when T is less than Ta, the air conditioner does not use outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
Further, if the operation state further includes the cooling efficiencies in the three operation modes, the step S3 further includes:
s331: detecting the relative humidity RH of the air outside the machine room in real time;
s341: setting a target relative humidity RHs and an outdoor critical temperature Ta1, wherein Ta1 is more than 0 ℃;
s351, adjusting the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, the relation between the relative humidity RH and the target relative humidity RHs, and the relation between the outdoor temperature Ta and the outdoor critical temperature Ta 1;
when Ta is more than Ta1, R is more than or equal to Rs1 and RH is less than or equal to RHs, spraying treatment is carried out at a condensation position, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved;
when R < Rs1 or Ta < Ta1 or RH > RHs, the condensation part is not sprayed.
Further, the operation state further includes cooling efficiencies in the three operation modes, and the step S3 further includes:
s332: detecting the condensing pressure P of the refrigerant in real time;
s342: setting target condensing pressure Ps of the air conditioner in different operation modes, wherein the target condensing pressure Ps comprises target condensing pressure Ps1 in a refrigeration mode of completely utilizing a natural cold source, target condensing pressure Ps2 in a refrigeration mode of partially utilizing the natural cold source and target condensing pressure Ps3 in a refrigeration mode of not utilizing the natural cold source;
s352, adjusting the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the condensing pressure P and the target condensing pressure Ps;
when P is less than Ps, the air flow speed at the condensation position is increased, and the value of P is increased to enable the value to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is larger than Ps, reducing the air flow speed at the condensation position, and reducing the value of P to enable the value of P to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is within the accuracy range of Ps, the air flow velocity at the condensation is not changed.
The invention also provides an energy-saving machine room air conditioner, comprising: the outdoor unit, the refrigerant pump device and the indoor unit are connected with the control device; the indoor unit comprises a compressor, an evaporator and a first sensor for detecting indoor temperature; the outdoor unit comprises a condenser, a fan and a second sensor for detecting the outdoor temperature;
the control device includes an indoor cooling load ratio calculation unit,
the control device regulates and controls the running state of the air conditioner according to the output data of the indoor refrigeration load ratio calculation unit and the first sensor and the second sensor, and the running state comprises the following steps:
the refrigerant pump device works independently, and the air conditioner completely utilizes a natural cold source for refrigeration;
the refrigerant pump device and the compressor work simultaneously, and the air conditioner part utilizes a natural cold source for refrigeration;
the compressor works independently, and the air conditioner does not utilize a natural cold source for refrigeration.
Preferably, the outdoor unit is provided with a refrigerant pump integrated cavity, the refrigerant pump integrated cavity is located below the condenser, the refrigerant pump device is arranged in the refrigerant pump integrated cavity, a refrigerant liquid inlet end of the refrigerant pump device is connected with the condenser, and a refrigerant liquid outlet end of the refrigerant pump device is connected with the indoor unit.
Preferably, the condenser comprises a plate-shaped condenser tube assembly, and the condenser tube assembly is inclined or vertical to the plane of the fan.
Preferably, the second sensor is a wet and dry bulb thermometer for simultaneously detecting the temperature and humidity of the air, the outdoor unit further comprises a spraying device for spraying the condenser, and the control device further comprises a spraying regulation and control unit for regulating and controlling the working state of the spraying device according to the air humidity collected by the second sensor.
Preferably, the outdoor unit further comprises a pressure sensor for measuring the condensing pressure of the refrigerant at the liquid outlet end of the condenser, and the control device further comprises a fan speed regulating unit for regulating and controlling the rotating speed of the fan according to the sampling data of the pressure sensor.
By implementing the energy-saving machine room air conditioner and the control method, the switching of the working modes can be accurately regulated, the better energy-saving effect can be further realized by controlling the evaporation efficiency and the air flow speed of the condenser, and the temperature area of the existing machine room air conditioner utilizing natural cooling is expanded.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an energy-saving air conditioner of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the energy-saving air conditioner of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a plan view of an outdoor unit of a third embodiment of the energy saving air conditioner of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an outdoor unit main view of a third embodiment of the energy saving air conditioner of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a plan view of an outdoor unit of a fourth embodiment of the energy saving air conditioner of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an outdoor unit main view of a fourth embodiment of the energy saving air conditioner of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a spraying and wind speed control circuit of the energy-saving air conditioner of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the spray control of the energy saving control method of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of wind speed control of the energy saving control method of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a general flow chart of the energy saving control method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment:
as shown in fig. 1, in the first embodiment of the energy saving air conditioner of the present invention, the energy saving air conditioner includes an indoor unit 1 and an outdoor unit 2 connected by pipes, and a control device 3 (not shown in the drawings) for controlling operation states of the indoor unit 1 and the outdoor unit 2.
The outdoor unit 2 includes a fan 22, a condenser 23, a temperature and humidity sensor 24, a spray device 25, a pressure sensor 26, and a refrigerant pump device 21 integrated in the outdoor unit 2. The refrigerant pump device 21 includes a reservoir 211, and a third check valve 212 and a pump body 213 connected in series with the reservoir 211, and the check valve is connected in parallel with the pump body 213. The temperature and humidity sensor 24 is provided at a return air position of the condenser 23 to measure the temperature and relative humidity of the outdoor air. The pressure sensor 26 is arranged at the refrigerant outlet end of the condenser 23 and is used for measuring the pressure of the condensed refrigerant. A spray device 25 is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the condenser 23 for spraying a water mist in the form of a spray or wet film on the windward side of the condenser 23.
The indoor unit 1 includes a restrictor, an evaporator 11, a compressor 13, a temperature sensor 12, a first check valve 14, a second check valve 16, and an electromagnetic valve 15. The refrigerant inlet end of the evaporator 11 is connected to the refrigerant outlet end of the outdoor unit 2 via a pipe, and the restrictor is disposed between the evaporator 11 and the outdoor unit 2. The temperature sensor 12 is used to perform detection of the air temperature in the room. The electromagnetic valve 15, the compressor 13 and the second check valve 16 are sequentially connected in series, a series pipeline formed by the electromagnetic valve, the compressor 13 and the second check valve 16 is connected in parallel with the first check valve 14, the parallel pipeline is connected in series with the evaporator 11, a refrigerant liquid inlet end of the parallel pipeline is connected with a refrigerant liquid outlet end of the evaporator 11, and a refrigerant liquid outlet end of the parallel pipeline is connected with a refrigerant liquid inlet end of a condenser 23 of the outdoor unit 2 through a pipeline.
The air conditioner of the embodiment has three working modes:
the first mode is as follows: the refrigerant pump device 21 works, and the air conditioner completely utilizes a natural cold source for refrigeration;
and a second mode: the refrigerant pump device 21 and the compressor 13 work simultaneously, and the air conditioner part utilizes a natural cold source for refrigeration;
and a third mode: the compressor 13 works and the air conditioner does not utilize a natural cold source for refrigeration.
In mode one, the compressor 13 is not operated, the pump body 213 and the first check valve 14 are opened, and the solenoid valve 15, the second check valve 16 and the third check valve 212 are closed. The refrigerant flowing out after being evaporated by the evaporator 11 enters the outdoor condenser 23 through the first one-way valve 14, enters the liquid storage tank 211 after being condensed, enters the indoor unit 1 again after being pressurized by the pump body 213, enters the evaporator 11 after being depressurized by the restrictor, and circulates continuously.
In mode two, the pump body 213 and the compressor 13 are both open, the first check valve 14 and the third check valve 212 are closed, and the solenoid valve 15 and the second check valve 16 are open. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 13 enters the outdoor condenser 23, is condensed, enters the liquid storage tank 211, is further pressurized by the pump body 213, enters the indoor unit 1, is reduced in pressure by the restrictor, enters the evaporator 11, and circulates continuously.
In mode three, the compressor 13 is on, the pump body 213 is not operating, the first check valve 14 is closed, and the solenoid valve 15 and the second and third check valves 16 and 212 are open. The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant from the compressor 13 enters the outdoor condenser 23, is condensed, enters the liquid storage tank 211, then enters the indoor unit 1 through the third one-way valve 212, is throttled and depressurized through the throttler, enters the evaporator 11, and circulates continuously.
The switching of the three modes is regulated by the control device 3, and as shown in fig. 7, the control device 3 includes a refrigeration duty ratio calculation unit 31, a fan speed regulation unit 32, and a spray regulation unit 33. The temperature sensor 12 and the temperature/humidity sensor 24 output sampling data to the control device 3, and the cooling load ratio calculation unit 31 in the control device 3 calculates an indoor cooling load ratio R based on the indoor temperature T acquired by the temperature sensor 12 and a target temperature Ts to be reached, where the accuracy of the target temperature Ts is a, and then R is (T-Ts)/a. Before the control device 3 performs regulation and control, the control device 3 is written into a threshold range of a target refrigeration load ratio Rs, wherein Rs is not less than Rs1 and not more than Rs 2; adjusting the operation mode of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target refrigeration load ratio Rs and the relation between the real-time indoor temperature T of the machine room and the outdoor temperature Ta collected by the temperature and humidity sensor 24:
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is less than or equal to Rs2, the refrigerant pump device 21 works, and the air conditioner completely utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is more than Rs2, the refrigerant pump device 21 and the compressor 13 work simultaneously, and the air conditioner part utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration;
when T is less than Ta, the compressor 13 works, and the air conditioner does not utilize an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
For example, when T ═ 25 ℃; ta is 10 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, R is more than 50%, R is less than 120%, T is more than Ta, the refrigerant pump device 21 works, and the air conditioner completely utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
When T is 28 ℃; ta is 20 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, R is 200%, R is more than 120% and T is more than Ta, the refrigerant pump device 21 and the compressor 13 work simultaneously, and the air conditioner part utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
When T is 25 ℃; ta is 28 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, T is less than Ta, the compressor 13 works, and the air conditioner does not utilize an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
In order to achieve better energy saving effect, the spraying regulation and control unit 33 and the fan speed regulation unit 32 of the control device 3 regulate and control the condensation efficiency of the condensation of the outdoor unit 2 based on the regulation and control of the above working modes, and the regulation and control mode includes changing the working states of the spraying device 25 and the fan 22.
Wherein, the regulation and control process of the spraying device 25 is as follows:
before the control device 3 performs the control, the target relative humidity RHs and the outdoor critical temperature Ta1 have been written in the control device 3. The control device 3 receives the relative humidity RH of the outdoor air output by the temperature and humidity sensor 24, and adjusts the working state of the spraying device 25 according to the relationship between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, the relationship between the relative humidity RH and the target relative humidity RHs, and the relationship between the outdoor temperature Ta and the outdoor critical temperature Ta 1;
when Ta is more than or equal to Ta1, R is more than or equal to Rs1 and RH is less than or equal to RHs, spraying treatment is carried out at a condensation position, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved;
when R < Rs1 or Ta < Ta1 or RH > RHs, the condensation part is not sprayed.
For example, when T ═ 25 ℃; ta is 10 ℃; ta1 ═ 3 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, RH is 60%, RHs is 80%, the spraying device 25 can be controlled to be opened according to the conditions that Ta is more than 3 ℃, R is 50% and RH is less than 80%, and spraying treatment is carried out at a condensation position, so that the refrigerating efficiency is improved.
When T is 24.5 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, R is 25% and less than 50% through calculation, and the spraying device 25 can be directly controlled to be closed according to the calculation result. Because the air conditioner controls the indoor temperature within the target temperature range, the spraying treatment at the condensation position is not needed, and the condensation effect is enhanced.
When Ta is 0 ℃; ta1 ═ 3 ℃, and based on the result, the shower device 25 can be controlled directly to be turned off. Since the outdoor temperature is too low and approaches the freezing point of water, the water sprayed from the spray device 25 is easily frozen, and a good evaporation effect cannot be achieved at the condenser 23.
When RH is 85% and RHs is 80%, the shower device 25 can be directly controlled to be turned off according to the result. Because the outdoor humidity is enough to ensure that the condenser 23 has good evaporation heat exchange effect, the air humidity and the evaporation effect cannot be greatly improved by spraying, and the spraying treatment is not needed.
The regulation and control process of the wind speed is as follows:
before the control device 3 performs regulation and control, the control device 3 has written target condensing pressures Ps of the air conditioner in different operation modes, where the target condensing pressures Ps include a target condensing pressure Ps1 in a refrigeration mode completely utilizing a natural cold source, a target condensing pressure Ps2 in a refrigeration mode partially utilizing the natural cold source, and a target condensing pressure Ps3 in a refrigeration mode not utilizing the natural cold source. It is to be noted that the above-mentioned target condensing pressure P is preferably set to a threshold value rather than a certain pressure value for the convenience of regulation and energy saving. The control device 3 receives the condensing pressure P of the refrigerant output from the pressure sensor 26. The control device 3 adjusts the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the condensing pressure P and the target condensing pressure Ps in different operating states of the air conditioner:
when P is less than Ps, the rotating speed of the fan 22 is increased to improve the air flowing speed at the condensation position, and the value of P is increased to enable the value of P to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is larger than Ps, the rotating speed of the fan 22 is reduced, the air flow speed at the condensation position is reduced, and the value of P is reduced to enable the value to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is within the accuracy range of Ps, the fan 22 speed is unchanged.
Second embodiment:
according to the actual situation of the natural environment of the place where the machine room is located and the actual refrigeration requirement, a refrigerant pump device 21 and a condenser 23 can be additionally arranged in the outdoor unit 2, as shown in fig. 2, 2 sets of the refrigerant pump device 21 and the condenser 23 are arranged in the outdoor unit 2, so that a more efficient refrigeration effect is realized. It should be noted that the number of the refrigerant pump devices 21 and the number of the condensers 23 in the outdoor unit 2 do not necessarily correspond to each other, and each refrigerant pump device 21 may be connected in series with one set of the condensers 23, or one refrigerant pump device 21 may be connected in series with a plurality of sets of the condensers 23 connected in parallel, that is, the plurality of sets of the condensers 23 share one refrigerant pump device 21.
The third embodiment:
to further improve the problems of the floor space and the heat exchange efficiency of the conventional outdoor unit 2, fig. 3 is a plan view of the improved outdoor unit 2, wherein the outdoor unit 2 includes six fans 22, and the fans 22 are arranged in a 2 × 3 matrix. As shown in fig. 4, the outdoor unit 2 is a cabinet type structure, the fans 22 are horizontally arranged on the top of the cabinet, the condensers 23 are located below the fans 22, and a set of condensers 23 is provided corresponding to each fan 22. In order to reduce the floor area of the outdoor unit 2, each set of condenser 23 is composed of two rectangular plate-shaped condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 which are arranged in a left-right symmetrical and inclined manner, and the lower end parts of the two condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 are abutted and fixed on a fixed seat in a V shape. Spraying devices 25 are arranged between every two condensers 23, and the spraying devices 25 spray water mist on the windward side of the condensers 23. A refrigerant pump integrated cavity is arranged below the condenser 23, a refrigerant pump device is arranged in the refrigerant pump integrated cavity, the refrigerant inlet end of the refrigerant pump device is connected with the condenser, and the refrigerant outlet end of the refrigerant pump device is connected with the indoor unit. It should be noted that the number of spray devices 25 may not correspond to the number of condensers 23, i.e. when there are six sets of condensers 23, spray devices 25 may be provided only in two of the sets. In this embodiment, four spray devices 25 are provided between the six sets of condensers 23, and the six sets of condensers 23 share one refrigerant pump device. The condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 in this embodiment are arranged in a V shape, so that the heat exchange efficiency is enhanced while the volume of the outdoor unit 2 is reduced.
In order to achieve a better heat exchange effect, the condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 are preferably arranged in a parallel and circuitous manner by a plurality of condenser tubes, and a plurality of fins are vertically arranged on the surfaces of the condenser tubes, so that the surface areas of the condenser tubes are increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.
The fourth embodiment:
to further improve the problems of the floor space and the heat exchange efficiency of the conventional outdoor unit 2, fig. 5 is a plan view of the improved outdoor unit 2, wherein the outdoor unit 2 includes six fans 22, and the fans 22 are arranged in a 3 × 2 matrix. As shown in fig. 6, the outdoor unit 2 is a cabinet type structure, the fans 22 are horizontally arranged on the top of the cabinet, the condensers 23 are located below the fans 22, and a set of condensers 23 is provided corresponding to each fan 22. In order to reduce the floor area of the outdoor unit 2, each set of condenser 23 is composed of two rectangular plate-shaped condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232, the condenser tube assembly 231 close to the side edge of the cabinet body is vertically arranged relative to the plane where the fan 22 is located, the condenser tube assembly 232 close to the inner side of the cabinet body is obliquely arranged relative to the plane where the fan 22 is located, and the lower end parts of the two condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 are abutted against and fixed on the bottom fixing seat. The upper end of the condensation pipe assembly 232 close to the inner side of the cabinet body is abutted against the upper end of the condensation pipe assembly of another set of condensers in the same transverse row close to the inner side of the cabinet body and is fixed on the top fixing seat. And a spraying device 25 is arranged between the condensers with the upper end parts butted against each other, and the spraying device 25 sprays water mist on the windward side of the condenser 23. A refrigerant pump integrated cavity is arranged below the condenser 23, a refrigerant pump device is arranged in the refrigerant pump integrated cavity, the refrigerant inlet end of the refrigerant pump device is connected with the condenser, and the refrigerant outlet end of the refrigerant pump device is connected with the indoor unit. It should be noted that the number of spray devices 25 may not correspond to the number of condensers 23, i.e. when there are six sets of condensers 23, spray devices 25 may be provided only in two of the sets. In this embodiment, three spray devices 25 are provided between six sets of condensers 23, and the six sets of condensers 23 are respectively connected to one refrigerant pump device, for a total of six refrigerant pump devices. The condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 in this embodiment are arranged in a W shape, so that the heat exchange efficiency is enhanced while the volume of the outdoor unit 2 is reduced.
In order to achieve a better heat exchange effect, the condenser tube assemblies 231 and 232 are preferably arranged in a parallel and circuitous manner by a plurality of condenser tubes, and a plurality of fins are vertically arranged on the surfaces of the condenser tubes, so that the surface areas of the condenser tubes are increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is further improved.
It is to be noted that the above arrangement of the condensation pipe assemblies 231 and 232 has achieved the purpose of reducing the volume of the outdoor unit 2, and the integration of the refrigerant pump device 21 in the cabinet of the outdoor unit 2 is a further improvement of the floor area of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and the refrigerant pump device 21 may not be integrated in the cabinet of the outdoor unit 2, i.e. may be independent of the condenser 23, as the actual situation requires.
The invention also provides an energy-saving control method for the machine room air conditioner, so that the machine room air conditioner can switch the working mode according to the external temperature and the self running characteristic. As shown in fig. 10, the main steps of the control method are as follows:
s1: detecting the indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room in real time;
s2: calculating the indoor refrigerating load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the running state of the air conditioner and the indoor temperature T;
s3: and adjusting the running state of the air conditioner according to the indoor refrigeration load ratio R, the indoor temperature T of the machine room and the outdoor temperature Ta, wherein the running state comprises three running modes of completely utilizing a natural cold source for refrigeration, partially utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration and not utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration.
The step S2 specifically includes the following steps:
s21: setting a target temperature Ts in the machine room with accuracy of a, namely Ts-a and Ts + a;
s22: and calculating the indoor cooling load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the target indoor temperature Ts and the real-time indoor temperature T, namely R is (T-Ts)/a.
As shown in fig. 8, the step S3 includes the following steps:
s31: setting a threshold range of the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, namely Rs1 is not less than Rs not more than Rs 2;
s32: switching the operation mode of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target cold load ratio Rs and the relation between the real-time indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is less than or equal to Rs2, the air conditioner completely utilizes outdoor natural cold sources for refrigeration;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is more than Rs2, the air conditioner partially utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration;
when T is less than Ta, the air conditioner does not use outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
For example, when T ═ 25 ℃; ta is 10 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, R is more than 50%, R is less than 120%, and T is more than Ta, the air conditioner can completely utilize outdoor natural cold source to refrigerate.
When T is 28 ℃; ta is 20 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, R is 200%, R is more than 120%, T is more than Ta, and the air conditioner part utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
When T is 25 ℃; ta is 28 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, T is less than Ta, and the air conditioner does not use outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration.
After the working mode of the air conditioner is selected, the condensing efficiency is further regulated and controlled by spraying treatment at the condensing position.
S331: detecting the relative humidity RH of air at the outdoor return air position of the machine room in real time;
s341: setting a target relative humidity RHs and an outdoor critical temperature Ta1, wherein Ta1 is more than 0 ℃;
s351, adjusting the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, the relation between the relative humidity RH and the target relative humidity RHs and the relation between the outdoor temperature Ta and the outdoor critical temperature Ta 1;
when Ta is more than or equal to Ta1, R is more than or equal to Rs1 and RH is less than or equal to RHs, spraying treatment is carried out at a condensation position, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved;
when R < Rs1 or Ta < Ta1 or RH > RHs, the condensation part is not sprayed.
For example, when T ═ 25 ℃; ta is 10 ℃; ta1 ═ 3 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, RH is 60%, RHs is 80%, the spraying device 25 can be controlled to be opened according to the conditions that Ta is more than 3 ℃, R is 50% and RH is less than 80%, and spraying treatment is carried out at a condensation position, so that the refrigerating efficiency is improved.
When T is 24.5 ℃; ts is 24 ℃, and the precision is 2; when Rs is more than or equal to 50% and less than or equal to 120%, R is 25% and less than 50% through calculation, and the spraying device 25 can be directly controlled to be closed according to the calculation result. Because the air conditioner controls the indoor temperature within the target temperature range, the spraying treatment at the condensation position is not needed, and the condensation effect is enhanced.
When Ta is 0 ℃; ta1 ═ 3 ℃, and based on the result, the shower device 25 can be controlled directly to be turned off. Since the outdoor temperature is too low and approaches the freezing point of water, the water sprayed from the spray device 25 is easily frozen, and a good evaporation effect cannot be achieved at the condenser 23.
When RH is 85% and RHs is 80%, the shower device 25 can be directly controlled to be turned off according to the result. Because the outdoor humidity is enough to ensure that the condenser 23 has good evaporation heat exchange effect, the air humidity and the evaporation effect cannot be greatly improved by spraying, and the spraying treatment is not needed.
After the working mode of the air conditioner is selected, the condensing efficiency is further regulated and controlled through the air flowing speed at the condensing position.
S332: detecting the condensing pressure P of the refrigerant in real time;
s342: setting target condensing pressure Ps of the air conditioner in different operation modes, wherein the target condensing pressure Ps comprises target condensing pressure Ps1 in a refrigeration mode of completely utilizing a natural cold source, target condensing pressure Ps2 in a refrigeration mode of partially utilizing the natural cold source and target condensing pressure Ps3 in a refrigeration mode of not utilizing the natural cold source;
s352, under different running states of the air conditioner, adjusting the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the condensing pressure P and the target condensing pressure Ps;
when P is less than Ps, the rotating speed of the fan 22 is increased to improve the air flowing speed at the condensation position, and the value of P is increased to enable the value of P to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is larger than Ps, the rotating speed of the fan 22 is reduced, the air flow speed at the condensation position is reduced, and the value of P is reduced to enable the value to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is within the accuracy range of Ps, the fan 22 speed is unchanged.
It is to be noted that the above-mentioned target condensing pressure P is preferably set to a threshold value rather than a certain pressure value for the convenience of regulation and energy saving.
In conclusion, the energy-saving air conditioner can realize the switching of the accurate regulation and control working modes, can further realize better energy-saving effect by controlling the evaporation efficiency and the air flow speed of the condenser, and expands the temperature area of the existing machine room air conditioner utilizing natural cooling.
It is to be understood that the foregoing examples, while indicating the preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration and description, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention; it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined, and several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention; therefore, all equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. An energy-saving control method of a machine room air conditioner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: detecting the indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room in real time;
s2: calculating the indoor refrigerating load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the running state of the air conditioner and the indoor temperature T;
s3: adjusting the running state of the air conditioner according to the indoor refrigeration load ratio R, the indoor temperature T of the machine room and the outdoor temperature Ta, wherein the running state comprises three running modes of completely utilizing a natural cold source for refrigeration, partially utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration and not utilizing the natural cold source for refrigeration;
wherein the step S3 includes:
s31: setting a threshold range of the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, namely Rs1 is not less than Rs not more than Rs 2;
s32: adjusting the running state of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target cold load ratio Rs and the relation between the real-time indoor temperature T and the outdoor temperature Ta of the machine room;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is less than or equal to Rs2, the air conditioner completely utilizes outdoor natural cold sources for refrigeration;
when T is more than or equal to Ta and R is more than Rs2, the air conditioner partially utilizes an outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration;
when T is less than Ta, the air conditioner does not use outdoor natural cold source for refrigeration;
if the operation state further includes the cooling efficiencies in the three operation modes, the step S3 further includes:
s331: detecting the relative humidity RH of the air outside the machine room in real time;
s341: setting a target relative humidity RHs and an outdoor critical temperature Ta1, wherein Ta1 is more than 0 ℃;
s351, adjusting the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the indoor refrigeration load ratio R and the target refrigeration load ratio Rs, the relation between the relative humidity RH and the target relative humidity RHs, and the relation between the outdoor temperature Ta and the outdoor critical temperature Ta 1;
when Ta is more than Ta1, R is more than or equal to Rs1 and RH is less than or equal to RHs, spraying treatment is carried out at a condensation position, and the refrigeration efficiency is improved;
when R < Rs1 or Ta < Ta1 or RH > RHs, the condensation part is not sprayed.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 includes:
s21: setting a target temperature Ts in the machine room with accuracy of a, namely Ts-a and Ts + a;
s22: and calculating an indoor refrigeration load ratio R of the air conditioner according to the target indoor temperature Ts and the real-time indoor temperature T of the machine room, namely R is (T-Ts)/a.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the operation state further includes cooling efficiencies in the three operation modes, and the step S3 further includes:
s332: detecting the condensing pressure P of the refrigerant in real time;
s342: setting target condensing pressure Ps of the air conditioner in different operation modes, wherein the target condensing pressure Ps comprises target condensing pressure Ps1 in a refrigeration mode of completely utilizing a natural cold source, target condensing pressure Ps2 in a refrigeration mode of partially utilizing the natural cold source and target condensing pressure Ps3 in a refrigeration mode of not utilizing the natural cold source;
s352, adjusting the refrigeration efficiency of the air conditioner according to the relation between the condensing pressure P and the target condensing pressure Ps;
when P is less than Ps, the air flow speed at the condensation position is increased, and the value of P is increased to enable the value to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is larger than Ps, reducing the air flow speed at the condensation position, and reducing the value of P to enable the value of P to enter the precision range of Ps;
when P is within the accuracy range of Ps, the air flow velocity at the condensation is not changed.
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