CN106189313A - 一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106189313A
CN106189313A CN201610547111.3A CN201610547111A CN106189313A CN 106189313 A CN106189313 A CN 106189313A CN 201610547111 A CN201610547111 A CN 201610547111A CN 106189313 A CN106189313 A CN 106189313A
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bamboo fiber
modified bamboo
polyvinyl chloride
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夏大庆
孔令根
王平
王安勇
戚明永
王丹
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Zhibang Kitchen Cabinet Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材，该竹塑板材由以下重量份的原料制成：改性竹纤维50‑60、聚氯乙烯20‑25、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶5‑10、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯3‑5、氨基硅烷偶联剂0.4‑0.5、纳米炭黑2‑3、氢化蓖麻油1‑2、抗氧剂0.1‑0.2、离子液体5‑8、甲基丙烯酸锌1‑2。

Description

一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材及其制备 方法
技术领域
本发明涉及竹塑材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材及其制备方法。
背景技术
橱柜是日常家居中十分常见的一类储物家具，也是家居建材中市场十分广泛的材料，随着消费者年龄阶段的需求性的变化，对橱柜的要求不再仅仅是结实耐用，产品的环保性、质感等等也逐渐成为消费者关注的焦点，同时合理利用资源，实现产业的可持续性发展也是生产业的发展方向。
橱柜板材是橱柜组件中极为重要的一环，直接影响到消费者购买选择，目前橱柜板材主要有实木板、刨花板、密度板等等，其中实木板价格昂贵，需经常维护保养，且耐水性不足；刨花板虽然成本低，但是其强度低，甲醛含量高；密度板主要是将木材等浸泡后打碎高压压制而成，综合性能较为优异，但是其质量仍待提高，且使用木材等不可再生资源。
竹纤维具有长径比大、比强度高、比表面积大、价廉、可再生等等优点，可将其用于增强聚合物基复合材料，在产业可持续发展趋势下，将是一种具有广阔应用前景的绿色材料，尤其是在橱柜生产方面，竹纤维材料独有的优点可以改善传统橱柜产品的使用体验，改善人们的家居体验。生产竹纤维增强聚合物基复合材料的首要重点是对竹纤维进行改性处理，提高其与聚合物树脂体的相容性，以获得综合性能优良的产品。《竹纤维的表面能分析及其增强PP复合材料的力学性能》一文以PP为例，对竹纤维进行碱处理-硅烷偶联剂处理后与PP复合热压成型，这种方法处理得到的竹纤维虽然与PP的相容浸润性得到提高，但是高浓度的碱溶液会对纤维造成损伤，破坏材料的力学强度，达不到令人满意的增强效果。。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材，该竹塑板材由以下重量份的原料制成：改性竹纤维50-60、聚氯乙烯20-25、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶5-10、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯3-5、氨基硅烷偶联剂0.4-0.5、纳米炭黑2-3、氢化蓖麻油1-2、抗氧剂0.1-0.2、离子液体5-8、甲基丙烯酸锌1-2。
所述的改性竹纤维的制备方法为：先将竹纤维投入浓度为5%的氢氧化钠溶液浸泡处理30-40min，随后经过滤、水洗至中性后完全干燥，所得产物投入浓度为1-5%的钛酸酯偶联剂/乙醇溶液混合浸泡处理2-5h，处理结束后过滤，所得物料烘干，再将其投入浓度为1-5%的聚乙烯亚胺水溶液中，加热至80-90℃，密闭反应10-15h，反应结束后过滤，所得物料水洗2-3次后烘干，即得所述的改性竹纤维，其中竹纤维与氢氧化钠溶液、钛酸酯偶联剂/乙醇溶液、聚乙烯亚胺水溶液的浴比为1:10-20:5-10:10-15。
所述的竹纤维长度为40-50mm，直径为50-100μm。
所述的一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材的制备方法为：
（1）先将氨基硅烷偶联剂与纳米炭黑混合研磨分散30-40min，得表面改性纳米炭黑备用；
（2）先将聚氯乙烯、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、离子液体、表面改性纳米炭黑以及除改性竹纤维外的其它剩余物料高速搅拌混合均匀后熔融纺丝，制成长度为50-80mm，直径为50-100μm的复合纤维备用；
（3）将改性竹纤维与步骤（2）制备的复合纤维分别开松后混合在一起后再开松2-3次，随后通过梳理、针刺工艺制成复合纤维毡，将所得的纤维毡平行层铺，在130-150℃温度下、20-25MPa压力下热压处理15-30min，即得所述板材。
本发明的优点是：（1）将竹纤维先利用传统的碱处理方法进行处理，除去其表面杂质，提高其表面的基团的反应活性，随后在钛酸酯偶联剂和聚乙烯亚胺共同作用下，在其表面偶联接枝，提高了竹纤维的强度和与树脂材料的相容性，这种改性处理方法改善了传统碱处理方法对竹纤维强度的损伤。
（2）以聚氯乙烯、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯混合作为树脂基料，同时加入表面改性的纳米炭黑、离子液体等原料，制得具有优良复合性能的树脂纤维，这种树脂纤维内部交联程度高，力学性能佳，使用寿命长，与竹纤维高的相容性也得到提高。
综上，以本发明配方和工艺制备得到的复合板材将竹纤维高效的引入树脂材料中，获得了较高的竹塑比，生产成本得到有效控制，得到的产品强度高、抗冲击韧性好，材料间结合牢固，紧实耐用，且不含挥发性有害物质，在制作环保橱柜方面具有良好的应用前景。
具体实施方式
一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材，该竹塑板材由以下重量份的原料制成：改性竹纤维50、聚氯乙烯20、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶5、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯3、氨基硅烷偶联剂0.4、纳米炭黑2、氢化蓖麻油1、抗氧剂0.1、离子液体5、甲基丙烯酸锌1。
其中改性竹纤维的制备方法为：先将竹纤维投入浓度为5%的氢氧化钠溶液浸泡处理30min，随后经过滤、水洗至中性后完全干燥，所得产物投入浓度为1%的钛酸酯偶联剂/乙醇溶液混合浸泡处理2h，处理结束后过滤，所得物料烘干，再将其投入浓度为1%的聚乙烯亚胺水溶液中，加热至80℃，密闭反应10h，反应结束后过滤，所得物料水洗2次后烘干，即得所述的改性竹纤维，其中竹纤维与氢氧化钠溶液、钛酸酯偶联剂/乙醇溶液、聚乙烯亚胺水溶液的浴比为1:10:5:10。
其中竹纤维长度为40mm，直径为50μm。
该竹纤维板材的制备方法为：
（1）先将氨基硅烷偶联剂与纳米炭黑混合研磨分散30min，得表面改性纳米炭黑备用；
（2）先将聚氯乙烯、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、离子液体、表面改性纳米炭黑以及除改性竹纤维外的其它剩余物料高速搅拌混合均匀后熔融纺丝，制成长度为50mm，直径为50μm的复合纤维备用；
（3）将改性竹纤维与步骤（2）制备的复合纤维分别开松后混合在一起后再开松2次，随后通过梳理、针刺工艺制成复合纤维毡，将所得的纤维毡平行层铺，在130℃温度下、20MPa压力下热压处理30min，制成标准试样。
对上述制备得到的标准试样进行性能测试，测试结果为：
拉伸强度：68.2MPa；拉伸模量：0.75GPa；抗弯强度：55.8MPa；弯曲模量：0.82GPa；断裂伸长率：5.1%；老化2000h后弯曲破坏载荷保留率：98%。

Claims (4)

1.一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材，其特征在于，该竹塑板材由以下重量份的原料制成：改性竹纤维50-60、聚氯乙烯20-25、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶5-10、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯3-5、氨基硅烷偶联剂0.4-0.5、纳米炭黑2-3、氢化蓖麻油1-2、抗氧剂0.1-0.2、离子液体5-8、甲基丙烯酸锌1-2。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材，其特征在于，所述的改性竹纤维的制备方法为：先将竹纤维投入浓度为5%的氢氧化钠溶液浸泡处理30-40min，随后经过滤、水洗至中性后完全干燥，所得产物投入浓度为1-5%的钛酸酯偶联剂/乙醇溶液混合浸泡处理2-5h，处理结束后过滤，所得物料烘干，再将其投入浓度为1-5%的聚乙烯亚胺水溶液中，加热至80-90℃，密闭反应10-15h，反应结束后过滤，所得物料水洗2-3次后烘干，即得所述的改性竹纤维，其中竹纤维与氢氧化钠溶液、钛酸酯偶联剂/乙醇溶液、聚乙烯亚胺水溶液的浴比为1:10-20:5-10:10-15。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材，其特征在于，所述的竹纤维长度为40-50mm，直径为50-100μm。
4.如权利要求2所述的一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材的制备方法，其特征在于，其制备方法为：
（1）先将氨基硅烷偶联剂与纳米炭黑混合研磨分散30-40min，得表面改性纳米炭黑备用；
（2）先将聚氯乙烯、超细全硫化粉末丁腈橡胶、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯、离子液体、表面改性纳米炭黑以及除改性竹纤维外的其它剩余物料高速搅拌混合均匀后熔融纺丝，制成长度为50-80mm，直径为50-100μm的复合纤维备用；
（3）将改性竹纤维与步骤（2）制备的复合纤维分别开松后混合在一起后再开松2-3次，随后通过梳理、针刺工艺制成复合纤维毡，将所得的纤维毡平行层铺，在130-150℃温度下、20-25MPa压力下热压处理15-30min，即得所述板材。
CN201610547111.3A 2016-07-12 2016-07-12 一种改性竹纤维增强聚氯乙烯基高紧实度橱柜板材及其制备方法 Pending CN106189313A (zh)

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