CN106182819A - 拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材 - Google Patents

拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材 Download PDF

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CN106182819A
CN106182819A CN201610555978.3A CN201610555978A CN106182819A CN 106182819 A CN106182819 A CN 106182819A CN 201610555978 A CN201610555978 A CN 201610555978A CN 106182819 A CN106182819 A CN 106182819A
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王瑛玮
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/521Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die and impregnating the reinforcement before the die
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/10Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation for articles of indefinite length
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/40Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
    • B29C70/50Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
    • B29C70/52Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
    • B29C70/525Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C70/528Heating or cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/0838Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using laser

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明是一种把拉挤成型与激光固化相结合的复合材料空心型材制备方法,经过激光照射时的光热转化获得固化温度,达到固化预浸料中树脂的目的,能够制备出一种复合材料空心型材,从而使固化速度大大加快,能够大幅度提高生产效率。在拉引装置(11)作用下,供给增强纤维束(1)被导入树脂液槽(2)中并被树脂液(3)浸润形成预浸带(4),经挤胶板(5)上的孔洞导入芯模(6)和套模(7)之间,从芯模(6)和套模(7)之间拉出的预浸复合材料空心型材进入激光发生器(9)发射的激光束(10)的作用区开始升温并达到最终的固化温度,固化定型形成复合材料空心型材。

Description

拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材
技术领域
拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材属于一种复合材料制备方法。
背景技术
以往的复合材料制备方法有多种,其中包括拉挤成型加温固化法。
拉挤成型加温固化法具有生产连续性好、自动化程度高和成本低等优点,但存在增强纤维走向为单一的沿着长度方向的特点,拉挤成型法生产的复合材料空心型材存在抗内压能力差、抗扭力差和易开裂等缺点。
已有的复合材料固化方法是利用埋设在成型模具内的加热元件,使复合材料空心型材温度达到固化所需温度实现固化,或是使拉挤预浸料型材经过隧道窑加温固化,存在能量利用率低、生产效率低、固化出模时复合材料易开裂等缺陷。
发明内容
本发明是一种把拉挤成型与激光固化相结合的复合材料空心型材制备方法,经过激光照射时的光热转化获得固化温度,达到固化预浸料中树脂的目的,能够制备出一种复合材料空心型材。
由于利用了激光照射产生的光热转化效应,能够在极短的时间内获得预浸复合材料空心型材固化所需的温度,从而使固化速度大大加快,能够大幅度提高生产效率。
在特定方向激光照射下,材料由表面到内部的温度变化取决于多种因素,包括投射深度χ、吸收系数α和散射系数S,如果入射激光光能量密度为I 0 ,则深度χ处得到的激光能量密度为:I=I o exp(-(α+S)χ)。
越深处得到的激光光能越少,这种现象将导致激光照射方向上材料内部出现递减温度梯度,使厚度稍大的预浸料不同深度处难以同步获得所需的固化温度。
本发明的一个解决方案是从不同方向设计多束激光投向预浸复合材料空心型材的同一段,利用多束激光在预浸复合材料空心型材深处的累积效应来抵消单束激光的递减温度梯度,使厚度较大的预浸复合材料空心型材不同深度同步获得最佳的固化温度。
本发明的另一个解决方案是设计激光输出器所输出激光光斑的形状,这样就能在预浸复合材料空心型材拉引速度一定的情况下,增加激光输出器所输出激光光斑的长度,来增加预浸复合材料空心型材被激光照射的时间,从而增加了热扩散时间,实现预浸复合材料空心型材内部温度的均匀化。
本发明的第三个解决方案是在构成预浸复合材料空心型材的树脂液中添加适当浓度的填料,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,使得截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
本发明的第四个解决方案是:根据预浸复合材料空心型材中增强纤维束和树脂液的材质不同,选择不同波长的照射激光光源,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,使得截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
优化的是,本发明激光束的加热功率能够与拉引速度相匹配,保证了预浸复合材料空心型材固化所需的最佳温度。
更加优化的是,本发明增加激光输出器所输出激光光斑的长度,来增加预浸复合材料空心型材被激光照射的时间,从而增加了热扩散时间,有利于实现预浸复合材料空心型材内部温度的均匀化。
更加优化的是,本发明在构成预浸复合材料空心型材的树脂液中添加适当浓度的填料,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,使得截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
更加优化的是,本发明在不同方向设计多束激光投向预浸复合材料空心型材的同一段,利用多束激光在预浸复合材料空心型材深处的累积效应来抵消单束激光的递减温度梯度,使厚度较大的预浸复合材料空心型材不同深度同步获得最佳的固化温度。
更加优化的是,本发明根据预浸复合材料空心型材中增强纤维束和树脂液的材质不同,选择不同波长的照射激光光源,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,使得截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
附图说明
附图1是本发明的方法实施过程示意图。
附图1中,1是供给增强纤维束,2是树脂液槽,3是树脂液,4是预浸带,5是挤胶板,6是芯模,7是套模,8是遮光板,9是激光输出器,10是激光束,11是拉引机,12是拉引方向。
在拉引装置11作用下,供给增强纤维束1被导入树脂液槽2中并被树脂液3浸润形成预浸带4,经挤胶板5上的孔洞导入芯模6和套模7之间。
从芯模6和套模7之间拉出的预浸复合材料空心型材进入激光发生器9发射的激光束10的作用区开始升温并达到最终的固化温度,固化定型形成复合材料空心型材。
激光束10的加热功率能够与拉引速度相匹配,提供了预浸复合材料空心型材固化所需的最佳温度。
增加激光输出器9所输出激光光斑的长度,能够增加预浸复合材料空心型材被激光照射的时间,从而增加了热扩散时间,有利于实现预浸复合材料空心型材内部温度的均匀化。
在构成预浸复合材料空心型材的树脂液中添加适当浓度的填料,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,使得截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光束10照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
在不同方向设计多束激光束10投向预浸复合材料空心型材的同一段,利用多束激光束10在预浸复合材料空心型材深处的累积效应来抵消单束激光的递减温度梯度,使厚度较大的预浸复合材料空心型材不同深度同步获得最佳的固化温度。
根据预浸复合材料空心型材中增强纤维束和树脂液的材质不同,选择不同波长的照射激光光源,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,能够使截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。

Claims (6)

1.拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材是一种把拉挤成型与激光固化相结合的复合材料空心型材制备方法,利用了激光照射产生的光热转化效应,在短时间内获得预浸复合材料空心型材固化所需的温度,其特征是:在拉引装置(11)作用下,供给增强纤维束(1)被导入树脂液槽(2)中并被树脂液(3)浸润形成预浸带(4),经挤胶板(5)上的孔洞导入芯模(6)和套模(7)之间,从芯模(6)和套模(7)之间拉出的预浸复合材料空心型材进入激光发生器(9)发射的激光束(10)的作用区开始升温并达到最终的固化温度,固化定型形成复合材料空心型材。
2.如权利要求1所述的拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材,其特征是:激光束10的加热功率能够与拉引速度相匹配,提供了预浸复合材料空心型材固化所需的最佳温度。
3.如权利要求1所述的拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材,其特征是:增加激光输出器(9)所输出激光光斑的长度,能够增加预浸复合材料空心型材被激光照射的时间,从而增加了热扩散时间,有利于实现预浸复合材料空心型材内部温度的均匀化。
4.如权利要求1所述的拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材,其特征是:在构成预浸复合材料空心型材的树脂液中添加适当浓度的填料,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,使得截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光束(10)照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
5.如权利要求1所述的拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材,其特征是:在不同方向设计多束激光束(10)投向预浸复合材料空心型材的同一段,利用多束激光束(10)在预浸复合材料空心型材深处的累积效应来抵消单束激光的递减温度梯度,使厚度较大的预浸复合材料空心型材不同深度同步获得最佳的固化温度。
6.如权利要求1所述的拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材,其特征是:根据预浸复合材料空心型材中增强纤维束和树脂液的材质不同,选择不同波长的照射激光光源,以改变预浸复合材料空心型材的吸收系数α和散射系数S,能够使截面有效尺寸一定的预浸复合材料空心型材在激光照射下内部出现最佳的温度梯度。
CN201610555978.3A 2016-07-14 2016-07-14 拉挤成型激光固化制备复合材料空心型材 Pending CN106182819A (zh)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4477707A (en) * 1982-11-24 1984-10-16 General Electric Company Electromagnetic field heating apparatus for curing resin/fiber composites in continuous pultrusion processes
CN102267235A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2011-12-07 山西飞虹激光科技有限公司 利用激光的复合材料丝带铺设装置及其方法
CN103935044A (zh) * 2014-05-07 2014-07-23 王瑛玮 预浸料激光扫描制备复合材料
CN204955474U (zh) * 2015-08-28 2016-01-13 常州百思通复合材料有限公司 拉挤复合材料空心型材后固化装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4477707A (en) * 1982-11-24 1984-10-16 General Electric Company Electromagnetic field heating apparatus for curing resin/fiber composites in continuous pultrusion processes
CN102267235A (zh) * 2011-07-13 2011-12-07 山西飞虹激光科技有限公司 利用激光的复合材料丝带铺设装置及其方法
CN103935044A (zh) * 2014-05-07 2014-07-23 王瑛玮 预浸料激光扫描制备复合材料
CN204955474U (zh) * 2015-08-28 2016-01-13 常州百思通复合材料有限公司 拉挤复合材料空心型材后固化装置

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