CN106181270B - The preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel - Google Patents
The preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN106181270B CN106181270B CN201610738665.1A CN201610738665A CN106181270B CN 106181270 B CN106181270 B CN 106181270B CN 201610738665 A CN201610738665 A CN 201610738665A CN 106181270 B CN106181270 B CN 106181270B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/04—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass turbine or like blades from several pieces
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- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
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Abstract
Disclosed by the invention is a kind of preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel, and the combination type blade wheel is and the brazed composition that is fixedly connected by stainless steel impeller main body and the same center combination of stainless steel end cap;It is laid with surface reconstruction layer, TiN film layer and Si from the inside to the outside in impeller bodies and end cover surface3N4Silicon nitride film layer;Include sorting, forging, heat treatment, mechanical processing, surface clean, surface reconstruction processing, coating film treatment, soldering processing successively with preparation method for main feature, rationally thorough with technical solution, the features such as quality is good is made in easily-controllable simplicity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation methods of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel, belong to mechanical pump preparing technical field.
Background technology
Instantly pump for liquid salts, in particular for the leaf of pump for liquid salts under the long-shaft liquid of solar light-heat power-generation fused salt circulation conveying
Wheel is all the impeller of integral structure.
And the integral structure impeller, all it is to use integral type casting machined and prepare.
Higher high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, anti-oxidant and anticorrosive function are not had in view of existing impeller, so that it is
Reach 600 DEG C through the operating temperature that is far from suitable, flow and flow rate has improved a lot, and the length of service is existing at 25 years or more
For solar energy thermal-power-generating pump for liquid salts technology requirement, and dragged with day all into solar energy high temperature heat utilization especially solar energy
The back leg that photo-thermal power generation cause is grown rapidly.
Invention content
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of working surface plated film and have high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, anti-oxidant and erosion-resisting molten
The preparation method of salt pump combination type blade wheel, to be solar energy high temperature to overcome the shortcomings of prior art with the impeller prepared by it
The promotion development of heat utilization cause provides equipment technology and supports.
The present invention realizes that the technical solution of its purpose is:
A kind of preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel, the impeller is by stainless steel forgings product impeller bodies and stainless
Steel forgings product end cap with center combination and brazed is fixedly connected with composition;And in the impeller bodies and the surface of end cap, by
It is interior to being laid with stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer, TiN titanium nitride films and Si successively outside3N4Silicon nitride film layer;The combination type blade wheel
Preparation method, include the following steps successively:
A, sorting;By production engineering specifications, impeller bodies and the stainless steel blank needed for end cap are chosen respectively;
B, it forges;By 2 stainless steel blanks, it is forged into the forging cake for meeting technological requirement respectively;
C, it is heat-treated;The internal stress of the forging cake is eliminated by being heat-treated and improves its crystalline structure;
D, it is machined;Using mechanical processing mode respectively by 2 forging cakes after heat treatment, it is processed into and meets product
The impeller bodies workpiece of design requirement and end cap workpiece;
E, surface clean;Using stainless steel cleaning solution, remove impeller bodies workpiece and end cap workpiece surface oxide and
Greasy dirt;
F, surface layer reconstruction processing;Using high-energy ion bombardment mode in vacuum coating room, respectively to cleaned processing
Bombardment is implemented on the surface layer of both impeller bodies workpiece and end cap workpiece, is allowed to realize and clean again, removes the foreign particle on surface,
Change its crystal structure and improve its compact crystallization degree, and form stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer;
G, coating film treatment;Using electron beam evaporation plating mode, first reconstructed respectively in impeller bodies workpiece and end cap workpiece surface
On the surface of layer, cloth TiN titanium nitride films are plated, again in TiN titanium nitride film layer surfaces after process thickness is reached, plating cloth meets
The Si of process thickness requirement3N4Silicon nitride film layer, so as to form stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer-TiN titanium nitride films-and Si3N4
Silicon nitride film layer sandwich diaphragm layer;
H, soldering is handled;First both the impeller bodies workpiece after coating film treatment and end cap workpiece are docked with center combination
TiN titanium nitride films and Si on face3N4Silicon nitride film layer is removed totally, then in impeller bodies workpiece and the combination pair of end cap workpiece
Between junction, Ni-based hard solder paillon is laid, then in vacuum furnace, the brazing filler metal melts, and solder are enabled by heating
Solution is sprawled, and interpenetrate and merge with stainless steel reconstruction of layer, then make impeller bodies by condensation between the combination interface
Workpiece is fixedly connected with end cap workpiece with center, so as to which target product pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel be made.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, the present invention also advocates:
The stainless steel blank is OCr17Ni12Mo2N austenitic stainless steel round ingots.
The coating film treatment, be using electron beam evaporation plating mode while, also by the way of ion beam assisted depositing,
And implement the coating film treatment that 2 kinds of modes combine, due to the use of ion beam assisted depositing mode, and TiN is improved, Si3N4
The solidity and intensity of film plating layer.
The thickness of the TiN titanium nitride films is in 1 ~ 3 μ m, and Si3N4The thickness of silicon nitride film layer is at 3 ~ 5 μm
In the range of.
The electron beam evaporation plating adds the process strategies of ion beam assisted depositing to be,
A, the vacuum degree control of evaporation work is 6 × 10-2Pa~5×10-3In the range of Pa, thanked in standard and penetrate deposition work ginseng
Under said conditions, background gas pressure is 6 ~ 8 × 10-5Pa;
B, TiN and Si is expected into evaporation3N4, it is stored in respectively in 2 earthenware snails, and the electron gun evaporation of 2 kinds of evaporations material is mutual
Do not interfere and individually carry out;
C, when the thickness of TiN titanium nitride films reaches technological requirement, TiN titanium nitride electron sources, open Si are closed3N4Nitrogen
SiClx earthenware snail implements electron beam evaporation plating and adds ion assisted deposition Si3N4Silicon nitride, until Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer reaches technique thickness
Degree;
D, in the range of 180mm ± 5mm, ion energy is controlled in 700 ~ 1200KeV ranges the control of ion beam outlet diameter
Interior, ion beam current density is controlled in 100 ~ 150mA/cm2In the range of, the control of sputtering angle is in the range of 30 ° ~ 45 °;
E, impeller bodies workpiece and end cap workpiece, are arranged on pivoted frame, and pivoted frame can make clockwise direction or inverse time
Needle direction rotates, and the direction of ion beam current is adjustable, to ensure that plated film is equal in impeller bodies workpiece and end cap workpiece all directions
It is even consistent.
The soldering processing is vacuum brazing, and process strategies are that vacuum degree control is 5 × 10-2Pa~6×10-3Pa models
In enclosing, heating temperature is controlled in the range of 1120 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C.
The trade mark of the solder is BNi-2, and the weight percentage of each component is:Ni82.3%, Cr7%, Fe3%,
Si4.5%, B3.2%.
The furnace temp of the forging step b is controlled at 1200 DEG C or so, and forging temperature is controlled at 850 DEG C or so,
Forging platform and anvil face are preheated to 150 ~ 450 DEG C;Its forging deformation amount answers > 12% and < 20%.
Heat treatment it or the austenitic stainless steel solution heat treatment;It is by the workpiece heat to solid solubility temperature
1050 ~ 1100 DEG C, its all carbide and martensite is allowed all to dissolve in and be changed into austenite, is then cooled to room temperature soon, is allowed to
While stress is eliminated, single phase austenite tissue is kept at normal temperatures.
And the impeller prepared by method is prepared as above, for solar light-heat power-generation heat reservoir fused salt circulation conveying
Pump for liquid salts under long-shaft liquid.
Technical solution given above is able to after implementing in full, and technical solution possessed by preparation method of the present invention is reasonable
Thorough, easy controlled operation is easy, and manufactured goods impeller high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, anti-oxidant and corrosion resistance are good, service life length etc.
Feature is obvious.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic front view of the impeller bodies 1 of the present invention.1-1 shown in figure is blade;
Fig. 2 is the diagrammatic cross-section of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of the end cap 2 of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structure diagram of manufactured goods pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel of the present invention, and 6 be brazing layer shown in figure;
Fig. 5 is 2 superficial film structure diagram of impeller bodies 1 and end cap.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, by the description of specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
A kind of typical specific embodiment please join and read attached drawing 1 ~ 5.
A kind of preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel, the impeller is by stainless steel forgings product impeller bodies 1 and not
Become rusty steel forgings product end cap 2, with center combination and brazed is fixedly connected with composition;And in the impeller bodies 1 and the table of end cap 2
Face is laid with stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer 3, TiN titanium nitride films 4 and Si successively from the inside to the outside3N4Silicon nitride film layer 5;Described group
The preparation method of box-like impeller, includes the following steps successively:
A, sorting;By production engineering specifications, impeller bodies 1 and the stainless steel blank needed for end cap 2 are chosen respectively;
B, it forges;By 2 stainless steel blanks, it is forged into the forging cake for meeting technological requirement respectively;
C, it is heat-treated;The internal stress of the forging cake is eliminated by being heat-treated and improves its crystalline structure;
D, it is machined;Using mechanical processing mode respectively by 2 forging cakes after heat treatment, it is processed into and meets product
2 workpiece of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap of design requirement;
E, surface clean;Using stainless steel cleaning solution, the oxide of 2 workpiece surface of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap is removed
And greasy dirt;
F, surface layer reconstruction processing;Using high-energy ion bombardment mode in vacuum coating room, respectively to cleaned processing
Bombardment is implemented on the surface layer of both 2 workpiece of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap, is allowed to realize and clean again, removes the impurity grain on surface
Son changes its crystal structure and improves its compact crystallization degree, and forms stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer 3;
G, coating film treatment;Using electron beam evaporation plating mode, respectively first in 2 workpiece surface weight of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap
On the surface of structure layer 3, plating cloth TiN titanium nitride films 4 are reaching process thickness and then in 4 surface of TiN titanium nitride films, plating
Cloth meets the Si of process thickness requirement3N4Silicon nitride film layer 5, so as to form stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer 3- TiN titanium nitride films
4-Si3N45 sandwich diaphragm layer of silicon nitride film layer;
H, soldering is handled;First both 2 workpiece of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap after coating film treatment are combined on interface
TiN titanium nitride films 4 and Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer 5 is removed totally, then in 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and the combination pair of 2 workpiece of end cap
Between junction, Ni-based hard solder paillon is laid, then in vacuum furnace, the brazing filler metal melts, and solder are enabled by heating
Solution is sprawled, and interpenetrate and merge with stainless steel reconstruction of layer 3, then make impeller bodies by condensation between the combination interface
1 workpiece is fixedly connected with 2 workpiece of end cap with center soldering, so as to which target product pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel be made.
And the stainless steel blank is OCr17Ni12Mo2N austenitic stainless steel round ingots.
And the coating film treatment, it is while using electron beam evaporation plating mode, also using the side of ion beam assisted depositing
Formula, and implement the coating film treatment that 2 kinds of modes combine.
And the thickness of the TiN titanium nitride films 4 is in 1 ~ 3 μ m, and Si3N4The thickness of silicon nitride film layer 5 is in 3 ~ 5 μ
In the range of m.
And the electron beam evaporation plating adds the process strategies of ion beam assisted depositing to be,
A, the vacuum degree control of evaporation work is 6 × 10-2Pa~5×10-3In the range of Pa, thanked in standard and penetrate deposition work ginseng
Under said conditions, background gas pressure is 6 ~ 8 × 10-5Pa;
B, TiN and Si is expected into evaporation3N4, it is stored in respectively in 2 earthenware snails, and, the electron gun evaporation of 2 kinds of evaporations material
It is non-interference and individually carry out;
C, when the thickness of TiN titanium nitride films 4 reaches technological requirement, TiN titanium nitride electron sources, open Si are closed3N4Nitrogen
SiClx earthenware snail implements electron beam evaporation plating and adds ion assisted deposition Si3N4Silicon nitride, until Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer 5 reaches technique
Thickness;
D, the ion beam outlet diameter of electron gun is controlled in the range of 180mm ± 5mm, ion energy control 700 ~
In the range of 1200KeV, ion beam current density is controlled in 100 ~ 150mA/cm2In the range of, the control of sputtering angle is in 30 ° ~ 45 ° ranges
It is interior;
E, 2 workpiece of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap, is arranged on pivoted frame, and pivoted frame can make clockwise direction or inverse
Clockwise rotates, and the direction of ion beam current is adjustable, to ensure to plate in 2 workpiece all directions of 1 workpiece of impeller bodies and end cap
Film uniformity.
And the soldering processing is vacuum brazing, process strategies are that vacuum degree control is 5 × 10-2Pa~6×10-3Pa
In the range of, heating temperature is controlled in the range of 1120 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C.
And the trade mark of the solder is BNi-2, the weight percentage of each component is:Ni82.3%, Cr7%, Fe3%,
Si4.5%, B3.2%.
And the furnace temp of the forging step b is controlled at 1200 DEG C or so, and the control of forging temperature is on 850 DEG C of left sides
The right side, forges platform and anvil face is preheated to 150 ~ 450 DEG C;Its forging deformation amount answers > 12% and < 20%.
And heat treatment it or the austenitic stainless steel solution heat treatment;It is by the workpiece heat to solid solubility temperature
1050 ~ 1100 DEG C, all carbide and martensite is allowed all to dissolve in and be changed into austenite, is then cooled to room temperature soon, is allowed to
While eliminating stress, single phase austenite tissue is kept at normal temperatures.
Combination type blade wheel prepared by preparation method as previously discussed follows for solar light-heat power-generation heat reservoir fused salt
Pump for liquid salts under the long-shaft liquid of ring conveying.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, mechanical processing steps d of the present invention, it is proposed that processed using 5-axis machining center
Impeller bodies 1.
And electron beam evaporation plating adds ion beam assisted depositing vacuum coating equipment to be special exclusively for the application by the applicant
The special equipment of manufacture.
In coating process, by the film thickness detector being placed near plating piece, the variation of film thickness thickness and evaporation speed are detected
Rate, Faraday cup are also disposed near plating piece, for detecting deposition process intermediate ion beam current density.
If impeller bodies 1 are brazed by the present invention with end cap 2 in a manner that bolt connects bolt or closing-up to replace
Connection, it is also possible.
After combination type blade wheel is successfully prepared, further includes ultrasonic inspection and remove soldering overlap step.It is qualified through examining
Afterwards, the knockdown pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel of a fire-resistant oxidation resistant self-lubricating can come into operation.
Preparation method of the present invention, by continuous trial operation some months, effect makes us very satisfied.Its product
Combination type blade wheel durability experimental result is shown, under the conditions of 500 cold cyclings, that is, is worked 7 hours, is stopped transport 1 hour, repeatedly
Operation 500 times, does not find that impeller has any damage phenomenon.Experiment is still in continuing.Estimate according to expert, use year
Limit can meet or exceed the generally acknowledged validity period of solar energy thermal-power-generating equipment, have significant technical economic benefit, realize this
The desired purpose of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel, the impeller is by stainless steel forgings product impeller bodies(1)No
Become rusty steel forgings product end cap(2), with center combination and brazed it is fixedly connected with composition;And in the impeller bodies(1)And end cap
(2)Surface, be laid with stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer successively from the inside to the outside(3), TiN titanium nitride films(4)And Si3N4Silicon nitride
Film layer(5);It is characterized in that:The preparation method of the combination type blade wheel, includes the following steps successively:
A, sorting;By production engineering specifications, impeller bodies are chosen respectively(1)And end cap(2)Required stainless steel blank;
B, it forges;By 2 stainless steel blanks, it is forged into the forging cake for meeting technological requirement respectively;
C, it is heat-treated;The internal stress of the forging cake is eliminated by being heat-treated and improves its crystalline structure;
D, it is machined;Using mechanical processing mode respectively by 2 forging cakes after heat treatment, it is processed into and meets product design
It is required that impeller bodies(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Workpiece;
E, surface clean;Using stainless steel cleaning solution, impeller bodies are removed(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)The oxide of workpiece surface
And greasy dirt;
F, surface layer reconstruction processing;Using high-energy ion bombardment mode in vacuum coating room, respectively to the impeller of cleaned processing
Main body(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Bombardment is implemented on the surface layer of both workpiece, is allowed to realize and clean again, removes the impurity grain on surface
Son, and change its crystal structure and improve its compact crystallization degree, and form stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer(3);
G, coating film treatment;Using electron beam evaporation plating mode, respectively first in impeller bodies(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Workpiece surface weight
Structure layer(3)Surface on, plate cloth TiN titanium nitride films(4), again in TiN titanium nitride films after process thickness is reached(4)Table
Face, plating cloth meet the Si of process thickness requirement3N4Silicon nitride film layer(5), so as to form stainless steel surface reconstruction of layer(3)- TiN nitrogen
Change titanium film layer(4)- Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer(5)Sandwich diaphragm layer;
H, soldering is handled;First by the impeller bodies after coating film treatment(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)On both workpiece combination interface
TiN titanium nitride films(4)And Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer(5)It removes totally, then in impeller bodies(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Work
Between part combination interface, Ni-based hard solder paillon is laid, then in vacuum furnace, the solder is enabled to melt by heating
Change, and solder solution it is described combination interface between sprawl, and with stainless steel reconstruction of layer(3)Fusion is interpenetrated, then by cold
It is solidifying to make impeller bodies(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Workpiece is fixedly connected with center soldering, so as to which the combination of target product pump for liquid salts be made
Formula impeller.
2. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The stainless steel blank is
OCr17Ni12Mo2N austenitic stainless steel round ingots.
3. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The coating film treatment is
While using electron beam evaporation plating mode, also by the way of ion beam assisted depositing, and implement what 2 kinds of modes combined
Coating film treatment.
4. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The TiN titanium nitride films
Layer(4)Thickness in 1 ~ 3 μ m, and Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer(5)Thickness in the range of 3 ~ 5 μm.
5. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that:The electron beam evaporation plating adds
The process strategies of ion beam assisted depositing are,
A, the vacuum degree control of evaporation work is 6 × 10-2Pa~5×10-3In the range of Pa, running parameter item is deposited in standard sputter
Under part, background gas pressure is 6 ~ 8 × 10-5Pa;
B, TiN and Si is expected into evaporation3N4, it is stored in respectively in 2 earthenware snails, and the electron gun evaporation of 2 kinds of evaporations material is not done mutually
It relates to and individually carries out;
C, when TiN titanium nitride films(4)Thickness when reaching technological requirement, close TiN titanium nitride electron sources, open Si3N4Nitridation
Silicon earthenware snail implements electron beam evaporation plating and adds ion assisted deposition Si3N4Silicon nitride, until Si3N4Silicon nitride film layer(5)Reach technique
Thickness;
D, in the range of 180mm ± 5mm, ion energy controls in the range of 700 ~ 1200KeV the control of ion beam outlet diameter, from
Beamlet current density is controlled in 100 ~ 150mA/cm2In the range of, the control of sputtering angle is in the range of 30 ° ~ 45 °;
E, impeller bodies(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Workpiece is arranged on pivoted frame, and pivoted frame can make clockwise direction or inverse
Clockwise rotates, and the direction of ion beam current is adjustable, to ensure impeller bodies(1)Workpiece and end cap(2)Workpiece all directions
Upper plated film uniformity.
6. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The soldering processing is true
Sky soldering, process strategies are that vacuum degree control is 5 × 10-2Pa~6×10-3In the range of Pa, heating temperature control exists
In the range of 1120 DEG C ~ 1150 DEG C.
7. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that:The trade mark of the solder is
BNi-2, the weight percentage of each component are:Ni82.3%, Cr7%, Fe3%, Si4.5%, B3.2%.
8. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The forging step b's
Furnace temp is controlled at 1200 DEG C, and the control of forging temperature forges platform and anvil face is preheated to 150 ~ 450 DEG C at 850 DEG C;Its
Forging deformation amount answers > 12% and < 20%.
9. the preparation method of pump for liquid salts combination type blade wheel as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to be heat-treated it still
Austenitic stainless steel solution heat treatment;It is by the workpiece heat to 1050 ~ 1100 DEG C of solid solubility temperature, allow all carbide and
Martensite all dissolves in and is changed into austenite, is then cooled to room temperature soon, is allowed to while stress is eliminated, keep at normal temperatures
Single phase austenite tissue.
10. using the impeller as prepared by the method for one of claim 1 to 9, melted for solar light-heat power-generation heat reservoir
Pump for liquid salts under the long-shaft liquid of salt circulation conveying.
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KR20130033718A (en) * | 2011-09-27 | 2013-04-04 | 삼성테크윈 주식회사 | Joining structure of rotation part of rotary machine and method for joining rotation part of rotary machine |
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CN101406977A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-04-15 | 北京二七轨道交通装备有限责任公司 | Vacuum brazing method for pump impeller |
CN101793264A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2010-08-04 | 自贡市红旗泵业密封件制造有限公司 | Method for manufacturing impeller of desulphurization circulating pump |
CN103161733A (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2013-06-19 | 鲁东大学 | Ti / TiCrN nanometer multilayer coating impeller and preparation method thereof |
CN103659201A (en) * | 2013-12-15 | 2014-03-26 | 无锡透平叶片有限公司 | Machining technology of turbine blade with water corrosion prevention achieved by means of laser cladding |
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