CN106181118A - A kind of galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106181118A CN106181118A CN201610635137.3A CN201610635137A CN106181118A CN 106181118 A CN106181118 A CN 106181118A CN 201610635137 A CN201610635137 A CN 201610635137A CN 106181118 A CN106181118 A CN 106181118A
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- spot welding
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0205—Non-consumable electrodes; C-electrodes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/402—Non-consumable electrodes; C-electrodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode and preparation method thereof, its preparation method is: the pure copper powder of mass fraction 98%～99.5% with 0.5%～2% plating nickel copper SWCN water bath sonicator be sufficiently mixed with mechanical agitation, cold pressing after drying, sinter base into, it is hot extruded into bar, swage block pulls out, and backward extrusion becomes standard-sized spot welding electrode cap.CNT is uniformly dispersed in Copper substrate, and along the orientation arrangement of spot welding current direction.The Novel resistor spot welding composite electrode combination property that the present invention provides is good, solder joint bond strength high, welding quality is high, compares the conventional CrZrCu lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode life-span and is substantially improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to motor vehicle equipment technical field, relate to a kind of galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode and preparation side thereof
Method.
Background technology
At present, the widely used zinc-plated high tensile thin steel plate part of automotive light weight technology vehicle body is assembled, required 3000～6000 welderings
In point, more than 90% is completed by resistance spot welding.But, the solderability of galvanized steel plain sheet is poor, and tradition chromium-copper, chromium-zirconium-copper electrode spot welding is zinc-plated
During steel plate, about life-span only up to 500 solder joint, for the 1/100 of spot welding non-coating steel plate, twice reconditioning interval solder joint number is also only a little
During weldering non-coating steel plate 1/10～1/20, its Joint Strength is low simultaneously, in irregular shape.
The effect of spot-wedling electrode is extremely important, directly determines the safety of automobile, comfortableness and operating characteristics.Electrode expense
Accounting for the 1/2～3/4 of spot welding cost, electrode consumes in a large number and makes spot welding cost remain high；Quality of welding spot declines and unstable, needs
Increase a large amount of extra solder joint, govern the lifting of production efficiency.
Al prepared by the extensive internal oxidition powder metallurgic method used from the U.S., Japan's import of current domestic car enterprise2O3Disperse
Strengthening Cu-base composites electrode, improves welding quality, and electrode life is up to 4～10 times of common chromium-zirconium-copper.But, interior oxygen
Change method is high to the requirement of equipment and technique, complex process, Material quality control difficulty, and cost is high, dispersion strengthening composites electricity
Pole is easy to crack in extrusion molding and pinpoint welding procedure, and welding performance is unstable, the most at home in resistance spot welding actual production
Still suffer from a lot of problem.
In recent years, domestic and international researcher has carried out numerous studies for the problems referred to above.Research is had to attempt traditional copper alloy
Electrode surface intensive treatment, such as Brush Plating, cladding laser surfaces, ion implanting, metallic cementation, Brush Plating and electric spark deposition etc..
First five kind technology all can improve electrode surface hardness and wearability, but the lifting amplitude of electrode life is the highest.Dong Shijie etc. become
Merit is hard ceramic duplex heat treatment at electrode surface electric spark deposition.They are at Chinese invention patent " spot-wedling electrode surface electricity fire
Flower deposition Al2O3-TiB2Deposition rod of coating and preparation method thereof " (ZL201310684856.0) and " electric spark cladding coating
TiB2-ZrB2Complex phase cladding rod and preparation method thereof " (ZL201310684586.3) discloses at electrode surface electric spark
Deposition duplex heat treatment Al2O3-TiB2And TiB2-ZrB2Deposition rod and preparation method thereof, during spot welding zinc coated steel, electrode life is
6 times of conventional chromium-zirconium-copper electrode.But, solid-ceramic coating is easy to crack, layering even comes off, particularly electrode dressing operation meeting
Coating is ground off together, limits the raising in coated electrode life-span.
In Chinese invention patent " for the cryogenic treating process of galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode " (CN 1435505 A)
Disclosing-120～the method for less than-196 DEG C subzero treatment electrodes 1～7h, during spot welding zinc coated steel, electrode life brings up to
2640 solder joints.
It addition, Nippert R. is at Europatent " Welding electrode material and an
Electrode made of the material " (EP1650318) discloses the side implanting CuZrP insert at electrode end surface
Method[1], electrode performance and life-span have necessarily improves.
But the method for above-mentioned raising Spot Welding of Galvanized Steels electrode life does not obtains substantive breakthroughs, electrode life and welding yet
Performance is the most undesirable.Therefore, have important for galvanized steel plain sheet research and development long-life, the Novel resistor spot-wedling electrode of high welding quality
Economic worth and Practical significance.
CNT (CNTs) has high draw ratio, and its excellent Axial Thermal and conductivity performance, mechanical property are super
Traditional copper electrode, is preferable high intensity reinforcing material.Up to now, manufacturing process is used to make CNTs row of orientation in Copper substrate
Composite electrode prepared by cloth, uses it for galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding and significantly improves electrode life and point quality, the most not
Appear in the newspapers.
[1] Nippert R. Welding electrode material and an electrode made of
the material [P]. European: EP1650318, 2006。
Summary of the invention
Life-span length, point quality height when the technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of resistance spot welding galvanized steel plain sheet
Electrode and preparation method thereof.
The galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode of the present invention, with copper as matrix, compound SWCN, wherein single wall carbon
The mass fraction of nanotube is 0.5 ~ 2%, and the mass fraction of copper is 98 ~ 99.5%；Described SWCN is in Copper substrate
Dispersed, and along the orientation arrangement of spot welding current direction.
The present invention also provides for a kind of practicality, the preparation method of effective, controlled above-mentioned electrode, controls SWCN and exists
Dispersed in Copper substrate, and along the orientation arrangement of spot welding current direction.
Purpose of the present invention step by the following technical programs realizes:
(1) copper-plated SWCN after the first nickel plating of mass fraction 0.5 ~ 2% is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds matter
Amount mark is 98 ~ 99.5% pure copper powder, and water bath sonicator, with mechanical agitation to pulpous state, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying；
(2) mixed-powder step (1) prepared adds cold stamping die, and at room temperature 50 ~ 80MPa bidirection press is pressed into base,
700 ~ 900 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected；
(3) pressed compact after step (2) sinters is squeezed into bar at 850 ~ 950 DEG C in hot-extrusion mold；
(4) bar after step (3) hot extrusion pulls out in the swage block of angle 90 °；
(5) diameter of the bar after step (4) pulls out being carried out turning, in indirect-extrusion mould, under room temperature, cold-extruded is pressed into standard
The spot-wedling electrode of size.
The carbon nanotube reinforced copper-base composite material electrode for resistance spot welding galvanized steel plain sheet that the present invention provides is comprehensive
Can good, spot welding life-span and welding quality be greatly improved.
Advantages of the present invention and having the beneficial effects that: preparation technology the most effectively, the most controlled, the obtained CNT
Strengthening Cu-base composites electrode and reach full density, SWCN is uniformly dispersed in Copper substrate, and along spot welding current side
To orientation arrangement.It is illustrated in figure 1 the SEM image of the axial cutting plane of this electrode.From figure, do not find that CNT is assembled,
SWCNTs is evenly distributed in fine and close, not have obvious hole and crack Copper substrate, and the trend being axially oriented arrangement is obvious.Multiple
Condensation material electrode excellent combination property.Hardness, tensile strength, coefficient of friction and wear rate are respectively than conventional CrZrCu resistance spot welding
Electrode has had bigger improvement, and electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity are suitable with conventional CrZrCu lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode, fully meet resistance spot welding
Electrode uses requirement.The composite electrode welding quality that the present invention obtains is good, solder joint bond strength high, and the life-span is than routine
CrZrCu lifetime of resistance spot welding electrode improves 6 times.Spot-wedling electrode performance prepared by the inventive method is as shown in table 1.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1, the SEM image of the axial cutting plane of the electrode that embodiment 6 obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 0.65g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 129.35g fine copper
Powder, water bath sonicator stirs to pulpous state, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, at room temperature
50MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 800 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.By blank in heat at 850 DEG C
Extrusion die is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is pressed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °,
Make it pull out vertically, press 2mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ 16
Bar, and intercept height 25mm, be placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electrode needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Material.
Embodiment 2:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 1.3g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 128.7g pure copper powder,
Water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, at room temperature
50MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 700 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.By blank in heat at 900 DEG C
Extrusion die is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is pressed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °,
Make it pull out vertically, press down 3mm, after lower pressure, mould both sides addition pad is pressed down, it is thus achieved that Φ 17 after pulling
Bar.By machining, stores van is whittled into the bar of Φ 16, and intercepts height 25mm, be placed on squeezing of multi-pass molding
In compression mould, electrode material needed for acquisition molding by extrusion.
Embodiment 3:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 1.95g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 128.05g fine copper
Powder, water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, in room temperature
Lower 50MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 700 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.At 950 DEG C, blank is existed
Hot-extrusion mold is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is executed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °
Pressure so that it is pull out vertically, press 4mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ
The bar of 16, and intercept height 25mm, it is placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electricity needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Pole material.
Embodiment 4:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 2.6g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 127.4g pure copper powder,
Water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, at room temperature
60MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 900 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.By blank in heat at 850 DEG C
Extrusion die is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is pressed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °,
Make it pull out vertically, press 3mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ 16
Bar, and intercept height 25mm, be placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electrode needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Material.
Embodiment 5:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 0.65g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 129.35g fine copper
Powder, water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, in room temperature
Lower 80MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 900 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.At 900 DEG C, blank is existed
Hot-extrusion mold is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is executed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °
Pressure so that it is pull out vertically, press 4mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ
The bar of 16, and intercept height 25mm, it is placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electricity needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Pole material.
Embodiment 6:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 1.3g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 128.7g pure copper powder,
Water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, at room temperature
50MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 900 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.By blank in heat at 950 DEG C
Extrusion die is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is pressed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °,
Make it pull out vertically, press 2mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ 16
Bar, and intercept height 25mm, be placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electrode needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Material.
Embodiment 7:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 1.95g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 128.05g fine copper
Powder, water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, in room temperature
Lower 60MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 800 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.At 950 DEG C, blank is existed
Hot-extrusion mold is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is executed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °
Pressure so that it is pull out vertically, press 4mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ
The bar of 16, and intercept height 25mm, it is placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electricity needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Pole material.
Embodiment 8:
Copper-plated SWCN after the nickel plating of 2.6g surface elder generation is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds 127.4g pure copper powder,
Water bath sonicator stirs to muddy, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying.Mixed-powder is added cold stamping die, at room temperature
50MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, 800 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected.By blank in heat at 900 DEG C
Extrusion die is squeezed into the bar of diameter of phi 36.With forcing press, the bar obtained is pressed in the swage block mould of angle 90 °,
Make it pull out vertically, press 3mm down, it is thus achieved that the bar of Φ 17 after pulling.By machining, stores van is whittled into Φ 16
Bar, and intercept height 25mm, be placed in the extrusion die of multi-pass molding, electrode needed for acquisition molding by extrusion
Material.
Embodiment 9:
130g pure copper powder is added cold stamping die, and at room temperature 50MPa bidirection press is pressed into diameter of phi 50 blank, at argon gas
The lower 800 DEG C of sintering 2h of atmosphere protection.At 850 DEG C, blank is squeezed in hot-extrusion mold the bar of diameter of phi 36.Use forcing press
The bar obtained is pressed in the swage block mould of angle 90 ° so that it is pull out vertically, press 2mm down, it is thus achieved that Φ after pulling
The bar of 17.By machining, stores van is whittled into the bar of Φ 16, and intercepts height 25mm, be placed on multi-pass molding
Extrusion die in, electrode material needed for acquisition molding by extrusion.
The spot-wedling electrode performance of table 1 embodiment 1～9 preparation
Claims (3)
1. a galvanized steel sheet resistance spot welding electrode, with copper as matrix, compound SWCN, wherein SWCN
Mass fraction be 0.5 ~ 2%, the mass fraction of copper is 98 ~ 99.5%；Described SWCN in Copper substrate uniformly point
Dissipate, and along the orientation arrangement of spot welding current direction.
2. the preparation method of electrode described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
(1) copper-plated SWCN after the first nickel plating of mass fraction 0.5 ~ 2% is distributed in dehydrated alcohol, adds matter
Amount mark is 98 ~ 99.5% pure copper powder, and water bath sonicator, with mechanical agitation to pulpous state, i.e. obtains mixed-powder after vacuum drying；
(2) mixed-powder step (1) prepared adds cold stamping die, and at room temperature 50 ~ 80MPa bidirection press is pressed into base,
700 ~ 900 DEG C of sintering 2h under argon gas atmosphere is protected；
(3) pressed compact after step (2) sinters is squeezed into bar at 850 ~ 950 DEG C in hot-extrusion mold；
(4) bar after step (3) hot extrusion pulls out in the swage block of angle 90 °；
(5) diameter of the bar after step (4) pulls out being carried out turning, in indirect-extrusion mould, under room temperature, cold-extruded is pressed into standard
The spot-wedling electrode of size.
Preparation method the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: in step (4), each volume under pressure of swage block is 2 ~ 4mm.
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