CN109628801A - Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation method - Google Patents
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109628801A CN109628801A CN201910101032.3A CN201910101032A CN109628801A CN 109628801 A CN109628801 A CN 109628801A CN 201910101032 A CN201910101032 A CN 201910101032A CN 109628801 A CN109628801 A CN 109628801A
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- silica aerogel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
- C22C32/0063—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides based on SiC
Abstract
The invention discloses carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation methods, belong to metal-base composites and its preparation technical field, the carbonization silica aerogel of micron particles shape is added in aluminum substrate as reinforced phase, the special composite material of available energy, it is characterized in that: including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate is pure aluminium powder, and reinforced phase is aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide；Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 0~50%, surplus is aluminium.The invention also discloses the preparation methods based on the carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, the performances such as the excellent intensity of aluminium itself, hardness are not only maintained using carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites prepared by this method, the electrical and thermal conductivity performance of aluminium alloy is also significantly reduced simultaneously, the deficiency for overcoming prior powder metallurgy technique is suitable for the large-scale production of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metal-base composites and its preparation technical fields, specifically carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium base
Composite material and its fusion cast process preparation method.
Background technique
Commercial-purity aluminium has good electrical and thermal conductivity performance, but intensity, hardness are lower, seriously limits it and uses model
It encloses.And by certain technique, added into fine aluminium high-melting-point, wear-resisting and corrosion resistant Second Phase Particle (such as aluminium, magnesium, zinc,
The elements such as manganese, silicon) composite material prepared, the performances such as the excellent intensity of aluminium itself, hardness are not only maintained, while also significant
The electrical and thermal conductivity performance for reducing aluminium alloy.
Second Phase Particle is added in pure aluminum or aluminum alloy, by way of dispersion-strengtherning, obtains aluminum matrix composite, institute
Calling Second Phase Particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites is exactly that required Second Phase Particle disperse is evenly distributed in aluminum substrate, is made
The comprehensive performance for obtaining aluminum matrix composite is improved.And Second Phase Particle only accounts for the minimum volume fraction of aluminum substrate, thus
The intrinsic physicochemical properties of aluminum substrate are not influenced, therefore the electric conductivity of material, thermal conductivity do not reduce significantly.Second Phase Particle
The mechanical property and electrical and thermal conductivity performance of reinforced aluminum matrix composites depend primarily on the performance of aluminum substrate and Second Phase Particle, with
And the interfacing relationship between Second Phase Particle and matrix.Since the manufacturing cost of Second Phase Particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites is opposite
Cheap, isotropism, high comprehensive performance etc. becomes the research hotspot of current aluminum matrix composite.Present Second Phase Particle increases
The industrialization series of products such as strength aluminum alloy composite oxides, carbide, boride and nitride are widely used for aviation, boat
It, the fields such as electronics and electric power.
Aeroge is the material of a kind of low-density, high porosity, and thermal conductivity is minimum to can achieve 0.012W/ (mk),
It is the minimum solid-state material of thermal conductivity generally acknowledged at present.Many kinds of, the silicon carbide airsetting studied and applied at present of aeroge
Glue is most light one of solid in the world at present, it is that a kind of structure-controllable is cross-linked with each other by colloidal particle or the high-polymer molecule
The light nanoporous amorphous solid-state material with spacial framework constituted, the nanometer silicon carbide being carbonized in silica aerogel
Line not only has the high temperature resistant of block materials, anti-oxidant, corrosion-resistant, high-intensitive, high-modulus, the excellent properties such as high rigidity, and
It is provided with superpower mechanical property because of its special appearance, excellent field emission performance, special photoluminescence performance is photic to urge
Change performance etc., has broad application prospects in fields such as insulation, light guide, dielectric, catalysis.In view of carbonization silica aerogel
The carbonization silica aerogel of micron particles shape is added in aluminum substrate by the above characteristic as reinforced phase, and available can be special
Composite material.Currently, there is not been reported by the preparation process in relation to the silica aerogel reinforced aluminum matrix composites that are carbonized.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation sides
Method, to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium
Powder, reinforced phase are aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；Silicon carbide (SiC) aeroge shows very high-viscosity organic solvent
High adsorption capacity and adsorptive selectivity；It is silicon carbide nanometer line that carbonization silica aerogel, which uses, and silicon carbide (SiC) nano wire is made
For a kind of one-dimensional (1D) nano material, there is good elasticity, heat-resisting quantity and chemical stability.
The mass percentage composition of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 0~
50%, surplus is aluminium.
Main function of the silica aerogel in aluminum substrate that be carbonized is to play the role of second-phase dispersion reinforcing, Second Phase Particle
Weaker much than the scattering process that distortion of lattice caused by solid solution atom generates to the scattering process of free electron, this makes aluminium base
Composite material possesses good mechanical property while keeping good electrical and thermal conductivity performance.
Based on the fusion cast process preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites described above, including with
Lower step:
(1) preparation of intermediate alloy
Ingredient: weighing pure aluminium powder and micron order carbonization silica aerogel (particle size range is 1~30 μm) according to mass ratio, wherein
Content of the aeroge in intermediate alloy is 1~15wt.%；
The pure aluminium powder prepared and aeroge: being uniformly mixed by mixing with bipyramid efficient material mixer, mixing time be 15~
45min；
Cold moudling: mixed powder is pressed into intermediate alloy block in punching block；
(2) preparation of composite material
Melting: intermediate alloy block is added in the molten aluminum melted in vaccum sensitive stove, melting temperature range be 1150~
1350 DEG C, to intermediate alloy block fusing after in steel casting mold mould moulding by casting.
As further scheme of the invention: average particle size≤150 μm of pure aluminium powder, impurity content in pure aluminium powder≤
0.1wt.%.
As further scheme of the invention: micron order carbonization silica aerogel average particle size is 1~30 μm.
As further scheme of the invention: Aluminum Matrix Composites Strengthened by SiC of the invention is by rolling or is squeezed into
Tensile strength after type is 400~620MPa, and yield strength is 270~500MPa, and elongation is 6~35%, hardness is 55~
160HV, density are 8.80~8.90g/cm3, and conductivity is 40~57%IACS, 120~250W/MK of thermal coefficient.The present invention
Prepared aluminum matrix composite is compared with fine aluminium, and tensile strength and yield strength increase, and density and conductivity
Significantly reduce.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention improves aluminum/silicon carbide aeroge composite wood by adding micron order carbonization silica aerogel into fine aluminium
The mechanical property of material not only maintains the performances such as the excellent intensity of aluminium itself, hardness, while also significantly reducing aluminium alloy
Electrical and thermal conductivity performance.
(2) present invention solves the lightweight aeroge in fusion process and is not easy by preparing aluminium-aeroge intermediate alloy block
It is added to the problems in aluminum melt.
(3) the aluminum-base silicon carbide aerogel composite prepared through the invention has advantage at low cost, can obtain
The composite material of large volume, high reinforced phase content, overcomes the deficiency of prior powder metallurgy technique, is suitable for the silica aerogel that is carbonized
The large-scale production of reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in more detail With reference to embodiment.
The preparation step of present invention carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminum matrix composites are as follows:
Firstly, the aluminium powder centainly matched and carbonization silica aerogel are mixed 15~45min in bipyramid efficient material mixer；Then
Uniformly mixed powder is put into mold blocking in hydraulic press pushing；Aluminum/silicon carbide aeroge intermediate alloy block is put into very
Melting in molten aluminum in empty induction furnace, smelting temperature are 1150~1350 DEG C, after the thawing of intermediate alloy block in steel casting mold mould
Moulding by casting.
Specific step is as follows:
(1) preparation of intermediate alloy: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: vacuum melting-is poured
Injection forming.
Its specific process step includes:
Ingredient: weighing pure aluminium powder and micron order carbonization silica aerogel (particle size range is 1~30 μm) according to mass ratio, wherein
Content of the aeroge in intermediate alloy is 1~15wt.%；
The pure aluminium powder prepared and aeroge: being uniformly mixed by mixing with bipyramid efficient material mixer, mixing time be 15~
45min；
Cold moudling: mixed powder is pressed into intermediate alloy block in punching block；
Melting: intermediate alloy block is added in the molten aluminum melted in vaccum sensitive stove, melting temperature range be 1150~
1350 DEG C, to intermediate alloy block fusing after in steel casting mold mould moulding by casting.
Embodiment 1
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium,
Reinforced phase is aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；
Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 50%, surplus is aluminium.
The technological process of production method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites are as follows:
(1) prepared by Al-SiC aeroge intermediate alloy: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: sense
Answer furnace melting-moulding by casting.
Specific process are as follows: according to 1 ingredient composition of table.
Firstly, Al-10wt.%SiC aeroge intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel is efficient in bipyramid
45min is mixed in batch mixer, then mixed powder is used to the pressure briquet of 15MPa under hydraulic press.Finally, will according to target at
It distributes the molten aluminum made and Al-10wt.%SiC intermediate alloy is placed into vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, the melting at 1200 DEG C.To
After fine aluminium melts, temperature is poured after being reduced to 1150 DEG C.Prepared end properties are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 2
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium
Powder, reinforced phase are aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；
Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 45%, surplus is aluminium.
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites technological process of production method are as follows: (1) among Al-SiC aeroge
Alloy preparation: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: vacuum melting-moulding by casting.
Specific process are as follows: according to 1 ingredient composition of table.
Firstly, Al-15wt.%SiC aeroge intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel is efficient in bipyramid
45min is mixed in batch mixer, then mixed powder is used to the pressure briquet of 15MPa under hydraulic press.Finally, will according to target at
It distributes the cathode aluminium made and Al-15wt.%SiC intermediate alloy is placed into induction furnace, the melting at 1300 DEG C.It is molten to fine aluminium
After change, temperature is poured after being reduced to 1200 DEG C.Prepared end properties are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 3
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium
Powder, reinforced phase are aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；
Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 35%, surplus is aluminium.
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites technological process of production method are as follows: (1) among Al-SiC aeroge
Alloy preparation: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: vacuum melting-moulding by casting.
Specific process are as follows: according to 1 ingredient composition of table.
Firstly, Al-5wt.%SiC aeroge intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel is efficient in bipyramid
45min is mixed in batch mixer, then mixed powder is used to the pressure briquet of 15MPa under hydraulic press.Finally, will according to target at
It distributes the cathode aluminium made and Al-5wt.%SiC intermediate alloy is placed into vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, the melting at 1350 DEG C.
After to fine aluminium fusing, temperature is poured after being reduced to 1150 DEG C.Prepared end properties are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 4
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium
Powder, reinforced phase are aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；
Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 25%, surplus is aluminium.
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites technological process of production method are as follows: (1) among Al-SiC aeroge
Alloy preparation: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: vacuum melting-moulding by casting.
Specific process are as follows: according to 1 ingredient composition of table.
Firstly, Al-5wt.%SiC aeroge intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel is efficient in bipyramid
45min is mixed in batch mixer, then mixed powder is used to the pressure briquet of 15MPa under hydraulic press.Finally, will according to target at
It distributes the cathode aluminium made and Al-5wt.%SiC intermediate alloy is placed into vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, the melting at 1300 DEG C.
After to fine aluminium fusing, temperature is poured after being reduced to 1200 DEG C.Prepared end properties are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 5
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium
Powder, reinforced phase are aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；
Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 15%, surplus is aluminium.
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites technological process of production method are as follows: (1) among Al-SiC aeroge
Alloy preparation: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: vacuum melting-moulding by casting.
Specific process are as follows: according to 1 ingredient composition of table.
Firstly, Al-10wt.%SiC aeroge intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel is efficient in bipyramid
15min is mixed in batch mixer, then mixed powder is used to the pressure briquet of 15MPa under hydraulic press.Finally, will according to target at
It distributes the cathode aluminium made and Al-10wt.%SiC intermediate alloy is placed into vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, the melting at 1350 DEG C.
After to fine aluminium fusing, temperature is poured after being reduced to 1150 DEG C.Prepared end properties are as shown in table 2.
Embodiment 6
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, aluminum substrate are fine aluminium
Powder, reinforced phase are aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide (SiC)；
Its mass percentage composition are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 5%, surplus is aluminium.
Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites technological process of production method are as follows: (1) among Al-SiC aeroge
Alloy preparation: ingredient-mixing-cold moudling；(2) preparation of composite material: vacuum melting-moulding by casting.
Specific process are as follows: according to 1 ingredient composition of table.
Firstly, Al-5wt.%SiC aeroge intermediate alloy is prepared, pure aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel is efficient in bipyramid
15min is mixed in batch mixer, then mixed powder is used to the pressure briquet of 15MPa under hydraulic press.Finally, will according to target at
It distributes the cathode aluminium made and Al-5t.%SiC intermediate alloy is placed into vacuum medium frequency induction furnace, the melting at 1350 DEG C.To
After fine aluminium melts, temperature is poured after being reduced to 1150 DEG C.Prepared end properties are as shown in table 2.
A kind of aeroge reinforced aluminum matrix composites of table 1 at being grouped as (wt.%)
The performance of table 2 embodiment 1-6 and intermediate alloy block casting ingot
The present invention, which passes through, adds micron order carbonization silica aerogel into fine aluminium, finally improves the synthesis mechanics of composite material
Performance, it is final to can get carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminum matrix composites.
Better embodiment of the invention is explained in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment party
Formula within the knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the art can also be without departing from the purpose of the present invention
It makes a variety of changes.
Claims (10)
1. be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites, including aluminum substrate and reinforced phase two parts, which is characterized in that aluminium base
Body is pure aluminium powder, and reinforced phase is aeroge, and aeroge is silicon carbide；
The mass percentage composition of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites are as follows: carbonization silica aerogel: 0~50%, it is remaining
Amount is aluminium.
2. carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also comprising miscellaneous
Matter, mass percent≤0.1% of impurity.
3. a kind of preparation method of the carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites as described in claim 1-2 is any,
It is characterized in that, steps are as follows:
1) preparation of intermediate alloy
It weighed aluminium powder and carbonization silica aerogel will be mixed in bipyramid efficient material mixer according to the ratio；
Then uniformly mixed powder is put into mold blocking in hydraulic press pushing；
2) preparation of composite material
Aluminum/silicon carbide aeroge intermediate alloy block is put into vaccum sensitive stove melting in molten aluminum, smelting temperature is 1150~
1350 DEG C, after intermediate alloy block thawing after in steel casting mold mould moulding by casting.
4. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 3, which is characterized in that
In step 1), aluminium powder is pure aluminium powder.
5. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
In step 1), the particle size range for the silica aerogel that is carbonized is 1~30 μm.
6. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 5, which is characterized in that
In step 1), content of the aeroge in intermediate alloy is 1~15wt.%.
7. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 6, which is characterized in that
In step 1), the mixing time of bipyramid efficient material mixer is 15~45min.
8. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 7, which is characterized in that
In step 1), pushing blocking is that mixed powder is pressed into intermediate alloy block in punching block.
9. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 8, which is characterized in that
Average particle size≤150 μm of pure aluminium powder, impurity content≤0.1wt.% in pure aluminium powder.
10. the preparation method of carbonization silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites according to claim 9, feature exist
In micron order carbonization silica aerogel average particle size is 1~30 μm.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910101032.3A CN109628801A (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation method |
| JP2021538142A JP2022515532A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Airgel reinforced metal-based composite materials and their manufacturing methods and applications |
| KR1020217020266A KR20210095937A (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Airgel-reinforced metal-based composite material and its manufacturing method and application |
| PCT/CN2019/128689 WO2020135582A1 (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2019-12-26 | Aerogel-reinforced metal matrix composite material, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN201910101032.3A CN109628801A (en) | 2019-02-01 | 2019-02-01 | Be carbonized silica aerogel reinforced aluminium based composites and its fusion cast process preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110668446A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant SiC aerogel |
| WO2020135582A1 (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-02 | 北京弘微纳金科技有限公司 | Aerogel-reinforced metal matrix composite material, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111979453A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2020-11-24 | 北京弘微纳金科技有限公司 | High-strength high-conductivity aluminum-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110668446A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method of high-temperature-resistant SiC aerogel |
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Application publication date: 20190416 |